Design method and device of shaped antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method and device for a shaped antenna, the method comprising: performing multiple rounds of iterative optimization on the antenna's pattern function according to multiple groups of different design parameters, until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition; designing the antenna according to the amplitude and phase distribution obtained by the last round of iteration of the antenna unit; wherein the i-th round of iterative optimization process comprises: determining the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, performing inverse Fourier transformation on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna array radiation unit, and then performing forward Fourier transformation to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration is a continuation of the i-1th round of iteration, and i is a positive integer. The present invention can simplify the calculation process when the antenna beam is shaped and designed, and reduce the amount of calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antenna shaping design, and in particular relates to a design method and device for a shaped antenna. Background Art

[0002] Radar is a device that obtains target-related information by emitting electromagnetic waves to the target and receiving electromagnetic waves reflected from the target. When transmitting, the radar needs to concentrate its energy to the direction of the target; when receiving, the echo power received in the direction of the target needs to be strong enough to measure the azimuth and elevation angle of the target. Therefore, the detection performance of the radar is closely related to the response of the radar pattern function.

[0003] The current method of shaping the beam of an array antenna is often to directly fit and solve the antenna's pattern function using polynomials and various intelligent algorithms. For example, the excitation amplitude and phase of the antenna unit are continuously adjusted to approximate the desired target pattern function through different types of polynomial fitting or equation solving; or the pattern function of the array antenna is iteratively solved through optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm algorithms. These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, but the original expression of the pattern function is always used in the solution process:

[0004] (1.1);

[0005] Referring to the above formula (1.1), the directional pattern function The amplitude and phase weight vectors of all antennas With the guide vector It is calculated that express The complex formula leads to a large amount of calculation when designing the antenna beam and the calculation process is complicated. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a design method and device for a shaped antenna, which can solve the problems of large amount of calculation and complex calculation process in the current antenna beam forming method.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a shaped antenna, the method comprising:

[0008] The antenna pattern function is optimized for multiple rounds of iterations according to multiple sets of different design parameters until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition;

[0009] Designing the antenna based on the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna element used in determining the directivity pattern function after the last round of iteration;

[0010] Among them, the i-th round of iterative optimization process includes: determining the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, performing inverse Fourier transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and performing forward Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the i-1-th round of iterative optimization process, and the i-th group of design parameters is obtained by optimizing the pattern function after the i-1-th round of iteration, and i is a positive integer.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design device for a shaped antenna, comprising:

[0012] An iterative solution unit, the iterative solution unit is used to perform multiple rounds of iterative optimization on the antenna's pattern function according to multiple sets of different design parameters until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition;

[0013] A design unit, the design unit is used to design the antenna according to the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit used when determining the directivity pattern function after the last round of iteration;

[0014] Among them, the iterative solution unit in the i-th round of iterative optimization process is specifically used to: determine the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, perform inverse Fourier transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and perform forward Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the i-1-th round of iterative optimization process, the i-th group of design parameters is obtained by optimizing the pattern function after the i-1-th round of iteration, and i is a positive integer.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: since the representation of the logarithmic pattern function is simpler than that of the general pattern function, the present invention first solves the logarithmic pattern function according to the design parameters and then obtains the pattern function according to the logarithmic pattern function. Compared with complex polynomial and matrix calculations, the solution of the two-segment parabolic equation and the exponential operation of fixed known factors can reduce the amount of calculation and complexity of solving the antenna pattern function, thereby reducing the amount of calculation and complexity of calculation when designing the antenna shape and simplifying the calculation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a logarithmic directional pattern function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a coordinate system of a directional pattern function provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A flowchart of a design method for a shaped antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a device for designing a shaped antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0022] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted as meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determining" or "upon detection of [described condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]", depending on the context.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the present specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the present specification mean that one or more embodiments of the present invention include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0027] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of a logarithmic directional pattern function provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In one possible implementation, see Figure 1 In (a), after integrating the logarithmic pattern functions of all antennas, i.e., logarithmic pattern functions a to d, it can be seen that the second derivative of the logarithm of the pattern function (i.e., the logarithmic pattern function) is less than 0, and the logarithmic pattern function is convex upward. Therefore, the logarithmic pattern function can be represented by two concatenated parabolas. No matter which segment of the logarithmic pattern function, it can be derived from the piecewise function composed of these two parabolas.

[0029] For example, see Figure 1 , the variables of the logarithmic directional pattern function can include angle values ​​and level values.

[0030] In one example, see Figure 1 In (b), the vertices where these two parabolas are connected (see Figure 1 V2 in (b) is the maximum level (i.e., the highest level) in the logarithmic radiation pattern function of the antenna. The first parabola can be obtained from a low elevation angle (see Figure 1 The angle value corresponding to the logarithmic directivity function from θ1 in (b) to the highest level (see Figure 1 θ2 in (b)). Accordingly, the second parabola can be obtained from the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directivity function (see Figure 1 θ2 in (b) starts at a high elevation angle (see Figure 1 θ3 in (b)). The low elevation angle is the angle at which the pattern function starts, and the high elevation angle is the angle at which the pattern function ends. The areas where these two parabolas are located can also be called the antenna's working area and focus area, respectively.

[0031] The piecewise function composed of parabolas is simpler in form, and the amount of calculation and complexity are much smaller than formula (1.1).

[0032] Therefore, in a possible implementation, the coordinate system of the array antenna pattern function can be set and each antenna in the array can be encoded and indexed so that the antenna and the index correspond one to one. Then the total target pattern function of the array antenna is split according to the antenna position to obtain the target pattern function of each antenna. Finally, based on the following Figure 3 The design method shown shapes and solves the directional pattern function of each antenna, thereby completing the shaped design of the array antenna.

[0033] For example, see Figure 2 In the coordinate system of the directional pattern function, θ=0 degrees can be defined as the direction of radiation to the ground, θ=90 degrees as the horizontal radiation direction, θ=93 or 95 degrees is generally defined as the maximum radiation direction, and θ=180 degrees is defined as the direction of zenith radiation.

[0034] For example, see Figure 2 If the array antenna is placed horizontally, the index of the leftmost radiating element (i.e., antenna) can be set to 1, and the index of the rightmost radiating element can be set to N.

[0035] In one example, see Figure 3 , the antenna's pattern function can be solved by multiple rounds of iterations according to multiple sets of different design parameters of each antenna, until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function of the antenna meets the preset conditions, and the antenna is designed according to the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit used when determining the pattern function after the last round of iteration.

[0036] The design method of the shaped antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile terminals, personal notebook computers, supercomputers, etc. The embodiment of the present invention does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of electronic devices.

[0037] Figure 3 The flowchart shown is a design method for a shaped antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As an example but not a limitation, the method can be applied to the above electronic device. The method can include steps S301-S304, and each step is described below.

[0038] S301, determining a logarithmic pattern function after an i-th round of iteration according to an i-th group of design parameters.

[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 In (b), the antenna design parameters may include low elevation angle (see Figure 1θ1 in (b)), the level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic pattern function (see Figure 1 V1 in (b), high elevation angle (see Figure 1 θ3 in (b)), the level value corresponding to the high elevation angle in the logarithmic pattern function (see Figure 1 V3 in (b), the highest level (see Figure 1 V2 in (b)), the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function (see Figure 1 θ2 in (b)).

[0040] In one possible implementation, the first parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration can be determined based on the first parabola function according to the i-th group of design parameters, and the second parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration can be determined based on the second parabola function according to the i-th group of design parameters, and then the first parabola and the second parabola are spliced ​​to obtain the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

[0041] For example, see Figure 1 In (b), the angle range of the first parabola is from the low elevation angle to the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic pattern function, that is, θ1-θ2; the angle range of the second parabola is from the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic pattern function to the high elevation angle, that is, θ2-θ3.

[0042] In one example, the first segment directional pattern function may satisfy the following formula:

[0043] (1.2),

[0044] in:

[0045] (1.3),

[0046] in, is the level value of the first parabola, is the angle value of the first parabola, is the level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic pattern function, For low elevation angles, It is the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directivity function.

[0047] In one example, the second segment pattern function may satisfy the following formula:

[0048] (1.4),

[0049] in:

[0050] (1.5),

[0051] in, is the level value of the second parabola, is the angle value of the second parabola, is the level value corresponding to the high elevation angle logarithmic pattern function, High elevation angle.

[0052] Exemplarily, the logarithmic pattern function can be expressed by the following formula:

[0053] (1.6),

[0054] in, is the level value of the logarithmic pattern function, is the angle value of the logarithmic pattern function.

[0055] S302, performing Fourier forward transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and performing inverse Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

[0056] Exemplarily, performing inverse Fourier transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th iteration can obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the pattern function after the i-th iteration, and performing forward Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution can obtain the pattern function after the i-th iteration.

[0057] Exemplarily, the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the optimization process of the previous round of iterative optimization (ie, the i-1-th round of iterative optimization), that is, the i-th group of design parameters can be obtained based on the optimization of the directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

[0058] S303, determining whether the error between the directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration and the target directional pattern function meets a preset condition.

[0059] In one example, if the error between the two meets a preset condition, step S304 may be performed.

[0060] Exemplarily, the mean value of the error between the antenna pattern function after the i-th iteration and the target pattern function may be calculated to determine whether the mean value is less than a preset threshold, thereby determining whether the preset condition is met.

[0061] In another example, if the error between the two does not satisfy the preset condition, i=i+1 can be set, and the directional pattern function is continuously iterated to solve.

[0062] Exemplarily, an optimization algorithm such as a genetic algorithm or a Harris Eagle algorithm may be used to optimize the values ​​of the i-th group of design parameters based on the fitness determined by the directional pattern function after the i-th iteration to obtain the i+1-th group of design parameters.

[0063] S304, designing the antenna according to the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration.

[0064] For example, see Figure 1 In (a), a total of 4 rounds of iterations are performed, and the logarithmic directional pattern function after each round of iteration is Figure 1 For curves a, b, c, and d in the figure, if the mean value of the error between the pattern function obtained by performing inverse Fourier transform and forward Fourier transform on curve d and the target pattern function is less than a preset threshold value of 0.2, the antenna can be designed based on the amplitude and phase distribution of curve d.

[0065] Since the representation of the logarithmic pattern function is simpler than that of the general pattern function, the present invention first solves the logarithmic pattern function according to the design parameters and then obtains the pattern function based on the logarithmic pattern function. The solution of the two-segment parabolic equation and the exponential operation of fixed known factors can reduce the amount of calculation and complexity of solving the antenna pattern function compared to complex polynomial and matrix calculations, thereby reducing the amount of calculation and complexity of calculation when designing the antenna shape and simplifying the calculation process.

[0066] Figure 4 The structure diagram of a design device for a shaped antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As an example but not a limitation, the design device 400 may include an iterative solution unit 410 and a design unit 420.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the iterative solution unit 410 can be used to perform multiple rounds of iterative optimization on the antenna's pattern function according to multiple groups of different design parameters until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition; the design unit 420 can design the antenna according to the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit used when determining the pattern function after the last round of iterations; wherein, during the i-th round of iterative optimization, the iterative solution unit 410 is specifically used to: determine the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, perform inverse Fourier transformation on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and perform forward Fourier transformation on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the i-1-th round of iterative optimization process, the i-th group of design parameters is obtained by optimizing the pattern function after the i-1-th round of iterations, and i is a positive integer.

[0068] In one example, the logarithmic pattern function is formed by concatenating two parabolas.

[0069] In an example, the design parameters include: low elevation angle, high elevation angle, level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, level value corresponding to the high elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, maximum level, and angle value corresponding to the maximum level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, wherein the maximum level is the maximum value of the level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the variables in the logarithmic directional pattern function include angle values ​​and level values.

[0070] In an example, the logarithmic directional pattern function is composed of a first parabola and a second parabola, the angle range of the first parabola starts from a low elevation angle to the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the angle range of the second parabola starts from the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function to a high elevation angle.

[0071] In one example, the iterative solution unit 410 may be specifically configured to:

[0072] Based on the first segment of the directional pattern function, determining the first segment of the parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters;

[0073] The first segment of the directional pattern function satisfies the following formula:

[0074] ,

[0075] in:

[0076] ,

[0077] in, is the level value of the first parabola, is the angle value of the first parabola, is the level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic pattern function, For low elevation angles, is the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function;

[0078] Based on the second-segment directional pattern function, determining a second-segment parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters;

[0079] Among them, the second segment directional pattern function satisfies the following formula:

[0080] ,

[0081] in:

[0082] ,

[0083] in, is the level value of the second parabola, is the angle value of the second parabola, is the level value corresponding to the high elevation angle in the logarithmic pattern function, For high elevation angle;

[0084] The logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration is obtained by concatenating the first parabola and the second parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

[0085] Since the representation of the logarithmic pattern function is simpler than that of the general pattern function, the present invention first solves the logarithmic pattern function according to the design parameters and then obtains the pattern function based on the logarithmic pattern function. The solution of the two-segment parabolic equation and the exponential operation of fixed known factors can reduce the amount of calculation and complexity of solving the antenna pattern function compared to complex polynomial and matrix calculations, thereby reducing the amount of calculation and complexity of calculation when designing the antenna shape and simplifying the calculation process.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part that is not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for designing a shaped antenna, characterized in that: include: The antenna pattern function is optimized for multiple rounds of iterations according to multiple sets of different design parameters until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition; Designing the antenna based on the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna element used in determining the directivity pattern function after the last round of iteration; The i-th round of iterative optimization process includes: determining the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, performing inverse Fourier transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and performing forward Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the i-1-th round of iterative optimization process, the i-th group of design parameters is obtained by optimizing the pattern function after the i-1-th round of iteration, and i is a positive integer; The logarithmic directional pattern function is formed by splicing two parabolas, and the logarithmic directional pattern function is the logarithm of the directional pattern function.

2. The design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design parameters include: a low elevation angle, a high elevation angle, a level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, a level value corresponding to the high elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, a maximum level, and an angle value corresponding to the maximum level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, wherein the maximum level is the maximum value of the level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the variables in the logarithmic directional pattern function include angle values ​​and level values.

3. The design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The logarithmic directional pattern function is composed of a first parabola and a second parabola, the angle range of the first parabola starts from the low elevation angle to the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the angle range of the second parabola starts from the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function to the high elevation angle.

4. The design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters comprises: Based on the first segment of the directional pattern function, determining a first segment of the parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters; Based on the second segment of the directional pattern function, determining a second segment of the parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters; The logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration is obtained by splicing the first parabola and the second parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

5. A design device for a shaped antenna, characterized in that: include: An iterative solution unit, the iterative solution unit is used to perform multiple rounds of iterative optimization on the antenna's pattern function according to multiple sets of different design parameters until the error between the iterative pattern function and the target pattern function meets a preset condition; A design unit, the design unit being used to design the antenna according to the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit used when determining the directivity pattern function after the last round of iteration; The i-th round of iterative optimization process includes: determining the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters, performing inverse Fourier transform on the logarithmic pattern function after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna unit after the i-th round of iteration, and performing forward Fourier transform on the amplitude and phase distribution after the i-th round of iteration to obtain the pattern function after the i-th round of iteration; the i-th round of iterative optimization process is a continuation of the i-1-th round of iterative optimization process, the i-th group of design parameters is obtained by optimizing the pattern function after the i-1-th round of iteration, and i is a positive integer; The logarithmic directional pattern function is formed by splicing two parabolas, and the logarithmic directional pattern function is the logarithm of the directional pattern function.

6. The design device according to claim 5, characterized in that The design parameters include: a low elevation angle, a high elevation angle, a level value corresponding to the low elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, a level value corresponding to the high elevation angle in the logarithmic directional pattern function, a maximum level, and an angle value corresponding to the maximum level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, wherein the maximum level is the maximum value of the level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the variables in the logarithmic directional pattern function include angle values ​​and level values.

7. The design device according to claim 6, characterized in that The logarithmic directional pattern function is composed of a first parabola and a second parabola, the angle range of the first parabola starts from the low elevation angle to the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function, and the angle range of the second parabola starts from the angle value corresponding to the highest level in the logarithmic directional pattern function to the high elevation angle.

8. The design device according to claim 7, characterized in that The iterative solution unit is specifically used for: Based on the first segment of the directional pattern function, determining a first segment of the parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters; Based on the second segment of the directional pattern function, determining a second segment of the parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration according to the i-th group of design parameters; The logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration is obtained by splicing the first parabola and the second parabola of the logarithmic directional pattern function after the i-th round of iteration.

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