Lightning protection structure suitable for intelligent combiner box of photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention provides a lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station, and belongs to the field of lightning protection structures of combiner boxes. Comprising a supporting frame, a plurality of photovoltaic assemblies are fixedly installed on the supporting frame, a combiner box is fixedly installed on the supporting frame, a lightning protection module is fixedly installed in the combiner box, a grounding wire penetrates through and is fixedly installed on the combiner box, and the grounding wire is electrically connected with the lightning protection module. The grounding lead is fixedly provided with a graphite grounding rod, the lower end of the combiner box is provided with a shunting assembly, and the combiner box is internally provided with a trigger assembly. Through cooperation of the plurality of transmitting coils and the electromagnetic absorber, current conducted by the grounding wire can be weakened, so that the lightning protection effect of the equipment can be effectively ensured, meanwhile, multi-stage heat dissipation of the electromagnetic absorber can be realized through the heat conduction mechanism, and the continuous weakening effect of the electromagnetic absorber on the current in the grounding wire is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lightning protection structures, and more specifically, to a lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] In a photovoltaic power station, photovoltaic modules can convert solar energy into direct current. These direct currents will be conducted by cables and collected in the junction box. The junction box will integrate these direct currents and input them into subsequent equipment (such as DC lightning protection distribution cabinets, etc.). In order to effectively prevent the overvoltage and overcurrent caused by lightning strikes from damaging the components inside the equipment and surrounding objects, a lightning protection module is generally added inside the junction box. Through the cooperation of the lightning protection module and the grounding system, the lightning current can be diverted, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the junction box during operation.

[0003] However, when conducting overcurrent generated by lightning, existing lightning protection modules usually drain the overcurrent into the ground through the cooperation of grounding wires and grounding rods. If the lightning strike suffered by the equipment is too large, resulting in too much current introduced into the ground, or the soil resistance is too high to discharge the current in time, this high-potential current can easily rebound to the electrical equipment on the junction box or around the junction box, causing secondary damage to the equipment. Therefore, effective drainage of lightning current cannot be ensured only through the cooperation of grounding wires and grounding rods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the feeding device in the prior art cannot be adjusted according to the feeding needs of steel bars of different length specifications and can only achieve the feeding of steel bars of fixed length, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent junction box of a photovoltaic power station.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station, comprising a support frame, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are fixedly mounted on the support frame, a combiner box is fixedly mounted on the support frame, a lightning protection module is fixedly mounted in the combiner box, a grounding wire is passed through and fixedly mounted on the combiner box, and the grounding wire is electrically connected to the lightning protection module, a graphite grounding rod is fixedly mounted on the grounding wire, a shunt component is arranged at the lower end of the combiner box, and a trigger component is arranged in the combiner box;

[0007] The shunt assembly includes two support rods fixedly mounted at the lower end of the combiner box, a heat-conducting tube is fixedly mounted between the two support rods, an annular heat-conducting plate is fixedly mounted on the inner ring wall of the heat-conducting tube, an electromagnetic absorber is fixedly mounted on the outer ring wall of the annular heat-conducting plate, a linearly evenly distributed transmitting coil is fixedly mounted in the electromagnetic absorber, and the transmitting coils are all electrically connected to the grounding wire, an isolation component is mounted in the electromagnetic absorber, and a heat-conducting mechanism is mounted on the heat-conducting tube;

[0008] The trigger assembly includes two fixed plates fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the confluence, and the upper ends of the two fixed plates are fixedly installed with insulation tubes, and a heat dissipation component is installed between the two insulation tubes. Connecting pipes are passed through and fixedly installed on the two insulation tubes, and the upper ends of the two connecting tubes are sealed and passed through and rotatably installed with rotating shafts, and a trigger mechanism is installed on the rotating shaft on the left.

[0009] Optionally, the isolation component includes two isolation films fixedly installed in the electromagnetic absorber, and the two isolation films are fixedly connected to the corresponding transmitting coil.

[0010] Optionally, the heat conduction mechanism comprises heat conduction pads that are evenly fixedly installed on the outer ring wall of the heat conduction tube in a linear shape, heat pipes are fixedly installed on the heat conduction pads, and fins evenly distributed in an annular shape are passed through and fixedly installed between the heat conduction pipes;

[0011] The electromagnetic absorber is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, the upper end of the heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly connected with an air supply pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, an annular tube is sealed and penetrated and fixedly installed between the air supply pipes, the outer ring wall of the annular tube is fixedly connected with a one-way air suction pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, the inner ring wall of the annular tube is fixedly connected with an air injection pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, and one end of the air injection pipe is located in the corresponding heat dissipation hole, and a heat absorption component is installed between the air supply pipes.

[0012] Optionally, the heat absorption component includes an annular cylinder fixedly installed between two support rods, an air intake pipe is commonly fixedly installed at the lower ends of the two support rods, two pipe bodies are commonly fixedly connected between the annular cylinder and the air intake pipe, a sealing slide is sealingly and slidably installed in the annular cylinder, a piston rod is sealingly and slidably installed in the air supply pipe, and the upper ends of the piston rods are sealed, penetrated and slidably installed on the annular cylinder, and the upper ends of the piston rods are fixedly connected to the sealing slide.

[0013] Optionally, the heat dissipation component includes storage cylinders respectively fixedly installed in two insulation cylinders, and the lower ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the corresponding storage cylinders, heat conductive blocks are fixedly installed between the two storage cylinders and the lightning protection module, and the two heat conductive blocks are sealed and fixedly installed on the corresponding insulation cylinders, a conduit is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two storage cylinders and the lower ends of the corresponding connecting pipes, fan blades evenly distributed in a ring shape are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the two rotating shafts, and two fans are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two rotating shafts.

[0014] Optionally, the trigger mechanism includes a limiting cylinder rotatably mounted on the left rotating shaft, two fuses are fixedly mounted in the limiting cylinder, a connecting component is commonly installed between the two fuses and the left heat conductive block, a movable touch plate is commonly fixedly mounted between the two fuses, and the movable touch plate is slidably mounted in the limiting cylinder, and a fixed touch plate is fixedly mounted in the limiting cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting component includes a heat-conducting rod fixedly mounted on the left heat-conducting block, and heat-conducting rings are sleeved on the two fuses, and the two heat-conducting rings are fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod.

[0016] Optionally, a rain shield is fixedly installed on the combiner box, two air inlets are opened on the combiner box, dehumidification plates are fixedly installed on the two air inlets, two guide plates are fixedly installed in the combiner box, and multiple ventilation holes are opened on the combiner box.

[0017] Optionally, a positive pole fuse is fixedly installed in the combiner box, a negative pole fuse is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and both the positive pole fuse and the negative pole fuse are electrically connected to the lightning protection module, a busbar is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the lightning protection module is electrically connected to the busbar, and a circuit breaker is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the busbar is electrically connected to the circuit breaker.

[0018] Optionally, a communication module is fixedly installed in the combiner box, a power supply module is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the communication module.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the above scheme, when the lightning current is conducted to the grounding wire through the lightning protection module, an alternating magnetic field can be generated through multiple transmitting coils, and the electromagnetic absorber can absorb the energy of the alternating magnetic field and convert it into heat energy, thereby weakening the overcurrent in the grounding wire, which helps to reduce the damage to the equipment and objects around the equipment due to excessive current.

[0021] By providing a heat-conducting mechanism, after the electromagnetic absorber converts part of the current in the grounding wire into heat, multi-level heat dissipation treatment can be achieved on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber, which can help improve the heat dissipation speed on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber, ensure the efficiency of the electromagnetic absorber in continuously converting the current in the grounding wire into heat energy, and effectively improve the service life of the electromagnetic absorber.

[0022] By setting up the heat dissipation components, when the lightning protection module conducts the lightning current and causes its surface temperature to continue to rise, the surface of the lightning protection module can be promptly cooled. This can help improve the lightning protection performance of the lightning protection module while effectively increasing its service life. At the same time, when the lightning protection performance of the lightning protection module decreases, the trigger mechanism can facilitate the staff to promptly inspect or replace the lightning protection module to ensure that it cooperates with the grounding wire to provide lightning protection for the equipment during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the components on the combiner box;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle splitter assembly;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the middle splitter assembly;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer mechanism;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the middle air duct;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat conducting tube and multiple fins;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the exploded view of the middle annular heat conducting plate and the electromagnetic absorber;

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 2A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the middle combiner box;

[0033] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A front view schematic diagram of

[0034] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure after the middle combiner box is rotated to a certain angle;

[0035] Fig.12 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger component;

[0036] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation component;

[0037] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger mechanism;

[0038] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic cross-sectional view of the middle flow restrictor.

[0039] [Reference Signs]

[0040] 1. Support frame; 2. Photovoltaic module; 3. Combiner box; 4. Grounding wire;

[0041] 5. shunt assembly; 51. support rod; 52. annular tube; 53. air suction pipe; 54. tube body; 55. sealing slide plate; 56. piston rod; 57. heat-conducting tube; 58. annular heat-conducting plate; 59. electromagnetic absorber; 510. thermal pad; 511. heat pipe; 512. fin; 513. air delivery pipe; 514. annular tube; 515. one-way air suction pipe; 516. air injection pipe; 517. heat dissipation hole; 518. transmitting coil; 519. isolation film;

[0042] 6. Graphite ground rod;

[0043] 7. Positive fuse; 8. Negative fuse; 9. Lightning protection module; 10. Busbar; 11. Circuit breaker; 12. Communication module; 13. Power supply module;

[0044] 14. Trigger assembly; 141. Dehumidification plate; 142. Drainage plate; 143. Ventilation hole; 144. Heat insulation tube; 145. Heat conductive block; 146. Storage tube; 147. Connecting tube; 148. Conduit; 149. Rotating shaft; 1410. Fan blade; 1411. Fan; 1412. Limiting tube; 1413. Heat conductive rod; 1414. Fuse; 1415. Heat conductive ring; 1416. Movable touch plate; 1417. Fixed touch plate.

[0045] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiment of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure, but this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific structure, device and environment. According to specific needs, ordinary technicians in this field can adjust or modify these devices and environments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0048] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0049] It will be understood that the meanings of “on,” “over,” and “above” in the present invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “on” or “over” not only means “on” or “above” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” or “above” something with no intervening features or layers therebetween.

[0050] Additionally, spatially relative terms such as "under," "beneath," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like may be used herein for descriptive convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or features, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially relative descriptors used herein may be similarly interpreted accordingly.

[0051] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 , Figures 9 and 10 As shown, the present invention provides a lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent junction box of a photovoltaic power station, comprising a support frame 1, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 2 are fixedly mounted on the support frame 1, a junction box 3 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 1, a lightning protection module 9 is fixedly mounted in the junction box 3, a grounding wire 4 is passed through and fixedly mounted on the junction box 3, and the grounding wire 4 is electrically connected to the lightning protection module 9, a graphite grounding rod 6 is fixedly mounted on the grounding wire 4, a shunt assembly 5 is arranged at the lower end of the junction box 3, and a trigger assembly 14 is arranged in the junction box 3.

[0052] A positive pole fuse 7 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3, a negative pole fuse 8 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3, and the positive pole fuse 7 and the negative pole fuse 8 are electrically connected to the lightning protection module 9, a busbar 10 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3, and the lightning protection module 9 is electrically connected to the busbar 10, and a circuit breaker 11 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3, and the busbar 10 is electrically connected to the circuit breaker 11.

[0053] A communication module 12 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3 . A power supply module 13 is fixedly installed in the combiner box 3 , and the power supply module 13 is electrically connected to the communication module 12 .

[0054] Under normal circumstances, multiple photovoltaic modules 2 generate direct current, which will enter the positive fuse 7 and the negative fuse 8 respectively through the existing cables, and then enter the lightning protection module 9. At this time, the lightning protection module 9 is in a high impedance state. When the current flows through the sensitive components (such as zinc oxide varistors, etc.) inside the lightning protection module 9, the components will not be turned on. At this time, the current will be conducted to the bus 10 through the lightning protection module 9, and finally input into subsequent equipment (such as DC lightning protection distribution cabinets, etc.) under the conduction of the circuit breaker 11.

[0055] At the same time, if the current flowing through the positive fuse 7 or the negative fuse 8 exceeds the rated current, the positive fuse 7 or the negative fuse 8 will melt, thereby cutting off the entire circuit. Similarly, if the current conducted from the bus 10 to the circuit breaker 11 exceeds its rated current or a short circuit occurs, the circuit breaker 11 will automatically disconnect and cut off the circuit, thereby protecting the equipment.

[0056] If there is thunder and lightning, the overcurrent generated by lightning passes through the cable, the positive fuse 7 and the negative fuse 8, and is finally injected into the lightning protection module 9, the resistance of its internal sensitive components will drop sharply, and the lightning protection module 9 will instantly change from a high impedance state to a low impedance state. At this time, the lightning protection module 9 will conduct the overcurrent generated by the lightning strike to the grounding wire 4, and with the cooperation of the grounding wire 4 and the graphite grounding rod 6, the overcurrent will be quickly introduced into the ground, thereby effectively avoiding the damage of the internal components of the junction box 3 by the overcurrent (the internal structure of the lightning protection module 9, and how to specifically implement lightning protection for the return box 3 are existing mature technologies and will not be further elaborated here).

[0057] The purpose of using graphite grounding rod 6 for current conduction is that, since graphite material itself has good electrical conductivity, the grounding resistance can be effectively reduced through the rod body made of graphite material, ensuring that the current in the grounding wire 4 can be quickly and smoothly introduced into the ground, which helps to improve the equipment's overcurrent drainage effect. In addition, graphite material has good corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and thermal stability, and can maintain its electrical conductivity for a long time while effectively extending the service life of the rod body.

[0058] The power supply module 13 arranged inside the combiner box 3 can provide a stable power supply to each component in the combiner box 3 to ensure the normal operation of each component, and the operation of the communication module 12 can realize the collection and transmission of the operating status information and operating data of each component in the combiner box 3. Through the communication module 12, the user can monitor the working status of each component in the combiner box 3 in real time and remotely control it, thereby improving the convenience and controllability of the equipment.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the shunt assembly 5 includes two support rods 51 fixedly installed at the lower end of the junction box 3, a heat-conducting tube 57 is fixedly installed between the two support rods 51, an annular heat-conducting plate 58 is fixedly installed on the inner ring wall of the heat-conducting tube 57, an electromagnetic absorber 59 is fixedly installed on the inner ring wall of the annular heat-conducting plate 58, and a linearly uniformly distributed transmitting coil 518 is fixedly installed in the electromagnetic absorber 59, and the transmitting coil 518 is electrically connected to the grounding wire 4 (the two can be specifically connected by welding, such as the lead wire of the transmitting coil 518 can be wrapped around the middle part of the grounding wire 4, and then soldered with solder), an isolation component is installed in the electromagnetic absorber 59, and a heat-conducting mechanism is installed on the heat-conducting tube 57.

[0060] The isolation component includes two isolation films 519 fixedly installed in the electromagnetic absorber 59 , and the two isolation films 519 are fixedly connected to the corresponding transmitting coil 518 .

[0061] During lightning weather, when the grounding conductor 4 conducts overcurrent into the ground, multiple transmitting coils 518 can sense the magnetic field generated by the current in the grounding conductor 4, thereby generating an induced current, and the induced current will generate a new alternating magnetic field, which will act on the electromagnetic absorber 59. At this time, the electromagnetic absorber 59 will absorb the energy of the alternating magnetic field and convert it into heat energy, thereby weakening the current and ensuring the equipment's drainage effect on the overcurrent caused by lightning strikes.

[0062] The electromagnetic absorber 59 can be specifically made of a composite of a magnetic absorption material (such as ferrite) and a dielectric absorption material (such as silicon carbide), wherein the magnetic absorption material mainly has a good absorption effect on low-frequency magnetic fields, while the dielectric absorption material has a good absorption effect on high-frequency electric fields. Since lightning current contains rich frequency components, the electromagnetic absorber 59 made of composite materials can improve its absorption effect on energy in different frequency ranges. For example, when the magnetic field and electric field generated by the lightning current through the grounding conductor 4 act on the electromagnetic absorber 59, the material properties of the electromagnetic absorber 59 help the electromagnetic absorber 59 to effectively absorb low-frequency and high-frequency energy, thereby helping to enhance the cooperation between the electromagnetic absorber 59 and the transmitting coil 518 to weaken the lightning current.

[0063] When the overcurrent generated by lightning strike is introduced into the ground through the lightning protection module 9 in cooperation with the grounding wire 4 and the graphite grounding rod 6, if the lightning strike current is too large or the soil resistivity is high, the graphite grounding rod 6 cannot quickly and effectively evacuate the current to the ground. At this time, the overcurrent will cause the soil around the graphite grounding rod 6 to ionize, thereby generating a higher potential gradient. This high potential is easy to counter-attack the junction box 3 and the electrical equipment around the junction box 3, causing damage to the equipment. In addition, when the ground current is overloaded, it is easy to cause the graphite grounding rod 6 to continue to heat up or even melt, reducing the service life of the graphite grounding rod 6. Therefore, by consuming the current in the process of drawing current from the grounding wire 4, it is possible to effectively avoid the current introduced into the ground being too large, causing damage to the equipment and objects around the equipment.

[0064] A plurality of transmitting coils 518 are arranged to tightly surround the outer circumference of the grounding conductor 4. According to Ampere's loop law, the magnetic field generated by the current is distributed in a ring shape with the current as the center. The transmitting coil 518 is arranged coaxially with the grounding conductor 4, which can help each circle of the transmitting coil 518 to effectively cut the magnetic field line, and the transmitting coil 518 is completely wrapped by the electromagnetic absorber 59. When an induced current in the transmitting coil 518 generates an alternating magnetic field, the electromagnetic absorber 59 located outside it can fully receive the magnetic field, and make full use of the electromagnetic absorption characteristics of the material to convert the magnetic field energy into heat energy, thereby improving the absorption effect of the electromagnetic absorber 59 on the alternating magnetic field energy generated by the transmitting coil 518, that is, promoting the effect of the electromagnetic absorber 59 converting the current into heat energy.

[0065] The isolation film 519 can be specifically made of a material with high magnetic permeability, such as ferrite. The two isolation films 519 can limit the magnetic field generated by the multiple transmitting coils 518 to a certain range, reduce the leakage between the magnetic fields, and thus reduce the mutual interference between adjacent transmitting coils 518. For example, when a magnetic field is generated around multiple transmitting coils 518, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, the changing magnetic field will generate an induced electromotive force in nearby conductors (including other transmitting coils 518). If there is no isolation film 519, the magnetic fields between these transmitting coils 518 will affect each other, generate an induced electromotive force, and change the current distribution between the transmitting coils 518, thereby reducing the electromagnetic absorber 59 The weakening effect of the current in the grounding conductor 4 is reduced.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the heat conduction mechanism includes a heat conduction pad 510 evenly fixedly installed on the outer ring wall of the heat conduction tube 57 in a linear shape, and heat pipes 511 are fixedly installed on the heat conduction pad 510. Fins 512 evenly distributed in an annular shape are passed through and fixedly installed between the heat conduction pipes 511;

[0067] The electromagnetic absorber 59 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes 517. The upper end of the heat-conducting cylinder 57 is fixedly connected to an air delivery pipe 513 evenly distributed in an annular shape. An annular pipe 514 is sealed and fixedly installed between the air delivery pipes 513. The outer ring wall of the annular pipe 514 is fixedly connected to a one-way air suction pipe 515 evenly distributed in an annular shape. The inner ring wall of the annular pipe 514 is fixedly connected to an air injection pipe 516 evenly distributed in an annular shape (the inner and outer rings here refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The position of the one-way air suction pipe 515 marked in the figure is the outer ring, and the position of the air injection pipe 516 marked in the figure is the inner ring), and the lower ends of the air injection pipes 516 are located in the corresponding heat dissipation holes 517, and a heat absorption component is installed between the air supply pipes 513.

[0068] The heat absorption component includes an annular cylinder 52 fixedly installed on the opposite side of the upper ends of the two support rods 51, and an air intake pipe 53 is fixedly installed on the lower ends of the two support rods 51. Two pipe bodies 54 are fixedly connected between the annular cylinder 52 and the air intake pipe 53. A sealing slide plate 55 is sealingly and slidably installed in the annular cylinder 52, and a piston rod 56 is sealingly and slidably installed in the air supply pipe 513, and the upper ends of the piston rods 56 are sealed and penetrated and slidably installed on the annular cylinder 52, and the upper ends of the piston rods 56 are fixedly connected to the sealing slide plate 55.

[0069] from Figure 7 It can be seen in the figure that a cavity is provided inside the heat-conducting tube 57, and acetone liquid is injected into the cavity in advance.

[0070] When the electromagnetic absorber 59 absorbs the energy of the alternating magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil 518 and converts it into heat energy, the temperature on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59 will continue to rise. If its own heat is not dissipated in time, the electromagnetic performance of the electromagnetic absorber 59 will gradually decrease, thereby reducing the electromagnetic absorber 59 and the transmitting coil 518 to cooperate and reduce the consumption effect of the overcurrent drained by the grounding wire 4.

[0071] The annular heat conducting plate 58 can be specifically made of metal material (such as aluminum, etc.). The metal material itself has good thermal conductivity, which can effectively improve the effect of the annular heat conducting plate 58 in transferring the surface temperature of the electromagnetic absorber 59 to the wall of the heat conducting tube 57. This can effectively ensure that the acetone liquid inside the heat conducting tube 57 is subsequently heated and vaporized, thereby indirectly achieving the heat dissipation effect on the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0072] When the electromagnetic absorber 59 converts electrical energy into heat, causing its surface temperature to continue to rise, and transfers the heat to the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 through the annular heat-conducting plate 58, the temperature of the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 will continue to rise. When the temperature of the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 reaches the temperature required for evaporation of the acetone liquid stored therein, the acetone liquid will quickly evaporate into gas. Since evaporation is an endothermic process, the acetone liquid can absorb the heat of the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 when evaporating, thereby achieving an indirect preliminary heat dissipation effect on the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0073] When the current in the grounding wire 4 is relatively large, the magnetic field strength generated by the transmitting coil 518 will also increase accordingly, and the eddy current generated in the electromagnetic absorber 59 will also increase. At this time, the surface temperature of the electromagnetic absorber 59 will further increase, otherwise, it will be relatively reduced. For example, when the current in the grounding wire 4 increases from 10A to 100A, the magnetic field strength generated by the transmitting coil 518 may increase several times, and the eddy current strength in the electromagnetic absorber 59 will also be significantly enhanced, so that the heat generated on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59 increases. In general, for a smaller grounding current (such as less than 10A), the surface temperature of the electromagnetic absorber 59 may increase to about 30 degrees Celsius, and for a larger grounding current (such as greater than 100A), the surface temperature of the electromagnetic absorber 59 increases to more than 100 degrees Celsius. The boiling point of acetone liquid is about 56 degrees Celsius, but by reducing the pressure inside the heat-conducting tube 57, the boiling point of the acetone liquid can be appropriately reduced as required, thereby effectively ensuring the effect of indirect heat dissipation of the electromagnetic absorber 59 through the vaporization of the acetone liquid.

[0074] At the same time, when the gas generated by evaporation of the acetone liquid gradually increases, the gas will enter the interior of the multiple air delivery pipes 513, and when the gas flows through the narrow diameter section of the air delivery pipe 513 (combined with Figure 5 , Figure 6 It can be seen that the lower diameter sections of the air duct 513 are relatively narrow, and the annular tube 514 is installed on the contraction, i.e., narrow diameter sections of the air duct 513, and the interior of the annular tube 514 is a cavity structure). Since the amount of gas flowing into the air duct 513 remains unchanged, when the gas flows through the narrow diameter section of the air duct 513, its flow rate will be relatively increased and the air pressure will be relatively reduced. At this time, according to the principles of fluid mechanics, the gas always flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area. Therefore, when the air duct 513 flows through the narrow diameter section, the air pressure decreases, and the internal pressure of the air duct 513 and the external atmospheric pressure are both in a relatively stable state, the pressure difference between the diameter of this section of the air duct 513 and the outside world will prompt the external gas to pass through the one-way suction pipe 515 opposite to the air duct 513 and enter the interior of the annular tube 514 (from Figure 5 It can be seen that the multiple air delivery pipes 513 correspond one-to-one to the corresponding one-way air suction pipes 515 and the gas injection pipes 516 , and the gas inside the annular pipe 514 will eventually be output through the gas injection pipe 516 .

[0075] The gas outputted from the gas injection pipe 516 will blow and dissipate heat to the corresponding vertically distributed heat dissipation holes 517 (such as Figure 5 In the direction shown), the gas flow rate on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59 can be accelerated, that is, the heat exchange rate of the gas to the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59 can be accelerated, which helps to further improve the heat dissipation effect on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0076] from Figure 8It can be seen that the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59 is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged heat dissipation holes 517, and the annular heat conductive plate 58 is provided with heat dissipation grooves matched with the corresponding plurality of heat dissipation holes 517, so that while ensuring the heat conduction effect of the annular heat conductive plate 58 on the electromagnetic absorber 59, it also helps the gas to flow between the electromagnetic absorber 59 and the annular heat conductive plate 58, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation speed on the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0077] At the same time, as the gas entering the air delivery pipe 513 continues to increase, the gas will generate an upward thrust on the corresponding piston rod 56 (combined with Figure 4 and Figure 6 As can be seen in the figure, the piston rod 56 is composed of a piston disc and a rod body. The piston discs are sealed and slidably installed in the corresponding air supply pipe 513, the lower ends of the rod bodies are fixedly installed on the corresponding piston discs, and the upper ends of the rod bodies are fixedly connected to the sealing slide plate 55. When the multiple piston rods 56 cooperate to push the sealing slide plate 55 to move upward, the suction force (such as Figure 4 In the direction shown, when the sealing slide plate 55 moves upward, the volume of the lower end of the annular cylinder 52 gradually increases, and its air pressure will gradually decrease, while the external atmospheric pressure is relatively stable. Therefore, a pressure difference is formed, which will cause suction when the sealing slide plate 55 moves upward. The two tube bodies 54 and the suction pipe 53 cooperate to evacuate the multiple heat dissipation holes 517 at the lower end of the electromagnetic absorber 59, thereby further accelerating the flow speed of the gas in the multiple heat dissipation holes 517 on the electromagnetic absorber 59 (from Figure 5 It can be seen that the diameter of the gas injection pipe 516 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the corresponding heat dissipation hole 517. The purpose is to ensure that the gas injection pipe 516 injects gas into the corresponding heat dissipation hole 517 and the air intake pipe 53 extracts air from the corresponding heat dissipation hole 517, while ensuring that air can flow in the multiple heat dissipation holes 517 distributed vertically), further accelerating the heat exchange speed of the gas to the surface of the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0078] When the annular heat conductive plate 58 transfers the heat of the electromagnetic absorber 59 to the heat conductive tube 57, the multiple heat conductive pads 510 can transfer the heat on the wall of the heat conductive tube 57 to the multiple heat pipes 511 and the fins 512, thereby further dissipating the heat of the heat conductive tube 57, helping to accelerate the heat conduction effect of the heat conductive tube 57 on the electromagnetic absorber 59, and further accelerating the heat dissipation effect on the electromagnetic absorber 59.

[0079] A small amount of working fluid (such as water, ammonia, etc.) is filled inside the multiple heat pipes 511. When the temperature of the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 continues to rise, the heat on the heat-conducting tube 57 is transferred to the heat pipe 511 through the multiple thermal pads 510. At this time, the working fluid inside the heat pipe 511 evaporates and moves to the cold end of the heat pipe 511 to take away the heat. The multiple fins 512 can effectively increase the contact area between the heat-conducting tube 57 and the air. Through natural air convection, the temperature on the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57 can be dissipated to the surrounding environment, thereby achieving further heat dissipation treatment of the wall of the heat-conducting tube 57.

[0080] Through the multi-stage heat dissipation treatment of the electromagnetic absorber 59, the heat dissipation speed of the electromagnetic absorber 59 can be effectively improved, while further ensuring that the electromagnetic absorber 59 continuously converts current into heat energy, thereby weakening the drainage current in the grounding wire 4.

[0081] like Figures 11 to 14 As shown, the trigger assembly 14 includes two fixing plates fixedly mounted on the top wall of the combiner box 3, the upper ends of the two fixing plates are fixedly mounted with insulation tubes 144, a heat dissipation component is installed between the two insulation tubes 144, the upper ends of the two insulation tubes 144 are penetrated and fixedly mounted with connecting pipes 147, the two connecting pipes 147 are sealed and penetrated and rotatably mounted with a rotating shaft 149, and the left rotating shaft 149 is installed with a trigger mechanism (the left side here refers to Fig.12 , Fig.12 The position of the heat conductive block 145 marked in the figure is the left side).

[0082] The heat dissipation components include storage tubes 146 respectively fixedly installed in two insulation tubes 144 (the insulation tubes 144 can effectively avoid the influence of the temperature inside the junction box 3 on the liquid in the storage tubes 146), and the lower ends of the two connecting pipes 147 are fixedly connected to the corresponding storage tubes 146, and heat conductive blocks 145 are fixedly installed between the two storage tubes 146 and the lightning protection module 9, and the two heat conductive blocks 145 are sealed and fixedly installed on the corresponding insulation tubes 144, and the upper ends of the two storage tubes 146 and the lower ends of the corresponding connecting tubes 147 are fixedly connected with ducts 148, the lower ends of the two rotating shafts 149 are fixedly installed with fan blades 1410 evenly distributed in a ring shape, and the upper ends of the two rotating shafts 149 are fixedly installed with two fans 1411.

[0083] The combiner box 3 is fixedly provided with a rain shield, and the combiner box 3 is provided with two air inlet holes (drawn but not marked in the figure, from Fig.11 As can be seen in the figure, a dehumidification plate 141 is fixedly installed on each of the two air inlets, two guide plates 142 are fixedly installed in the junction box 3, and a plurality of ventilation holes 143 are opened on the junction box 3.

[0084] When lightning current is injected into the lightning protection module 9, due to the resistance of the sensitive components inside the lightning protection module 9, the heat generated by the current will cause the surface temperature of the lightning protection module 9 to rise rapidly. For example, after the zinc oxide varistor inside the lightning protection module 9 is impacted by a 10kA lightning current, the surface temperature will rise to about 120 degrees Celsius, and then will gradually decrease. If the lightning protection performance of the lightning protection module 9 decreases and the zinc oxide varistor inside it ages, its surface temperature may rise rapidly to about 180 degrees Celsius under the same 10kA lightning current impact, and the subsequent temperature drop rate is slow.

[0085] If the lightning protection module 9 is frequently struck by lightning or the lightning current amplitude is too large, the lightning protection module 9 itself may be damaged. For example, key components such as zinc oxide varistors inside the lightning protection module 9 may experience performance degradation or direct damage after being subjected to high-amplitude lightning current shocks for multiple times.

[0086] Under normal circumstances, when the lightning current flows through the lightning protection module 9 and its surface temperature rises rapidly, the heat on the surface of the lightning protection module 9 will be transferred to the walls of the two storage cylinders 146 through the two heat conductive blocks 145, so that the ethanol liquid stored in the two storage cylinders 146 will quickly vaporize (the boiling point of ethanol liquid is about 78 degrees Celsius), thereby achieving preliminary heat dissipation on the surface of the lightning protection module 9.

[0087] At the same time, two conduits 148 are provided with relatively small diameters. When the ethanol liquid stored in the two storage cylinders 146 is converted into gas, the gas enters the corresponding connecting pipe 147 along the conduit 148 with the smaller diameter, and an airflow with relatively high pressure is generated. At this time, the driving force generated by the airflow drives the corresponding plurality of fan blades 1410 to drive the corresponding rotating shaft 149 and the two fans 1411 to rotate. The suction force generated when the plurality of fans 1411 rotates can draw the external gas into the junction box 3 through the corresponding air inlet holes (the two air inlet holes are provided to be located directly above the corresponding fans 1411), and under the guidance of the two guide plates 142, the surface of the lightning protection module 9 is blown to dissipate heat (from Fig.10 As can be seen in the figure, the two guide plates 142 are respectively arranged obliquely at the upper left and upper right ends of the lightning protection module 9), so as to further accelerate the heat dissipation speed of the surface of the lightning protection module 9, and the heat-dissipated gas will eventually be discharged from the multiple ventilation holes 143 on the right side wall of the junction box 3 (such as Fig. 9 direction shown).

[0088] The lightning protection module 9 contains a variety of electronic components, such as varistors, gas discharge tubes and transient suppression diodes. When the surface temperature is not dissipated in time, the aging speed of these components will be significantly accelerated. Therefore, by timely dissipating the heat of the lightning protection module 9, it is possible to effectively prevent the surface temperature of the lightning protection module 9 from being too high, thereby preventing damage to its internal components. This helps to ensure the lightning protection effect of the lightning protection module 9 in cooperation with the grounding wire 4 and the graphite grounding rod 6 on the equipment.

[0089] At the same time, the two dehumidification plates 141 can dry the gas sucked into the combiner box 3 , thereby effectively reducing the corrosion of the lightning protection module 9 and the components inside the combiner box 3 caused by moisture.

[0090] like Figures 12 to 15 As shown, the trigger mechanism includes a limiting cylinder 1412 rotatably mounted on the left rotating shaft 149, two fuses 1414 are fixedly mounted in the limiting cylinder 1412, a connecting component is commonly installed between the two fuses 1414 and the left heat conductive block 145, a movable touch plate 1416 is commonly fixedly installed between the two fuses 1414, and the movable touch plate 1416 is slidably mounted in the limiting cylinder 1412, and a fixed touch plate 1417 is fixedly installed in the limiting cylinder 1412.

[0091] The connecting component includes a heat-conducting rod 1413 fixedly mounted on the left heat-conducting block 145 , and heat-conducting rings 1415 are sleeved and mounted on the two fuses 1414 , and the two heat-conducting rings 1415 are fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod 1413 .

[0092] When the lightning protection performance of the lightning protection module 9 decreases, after the lightning current is injected into the lightning protection module 9, the temperature of the surface of the lightning protection module 9 continues to rise to about 180 degrees Celsius. At this time, the left heat conduction block 145 cooperates with the heat conduction rod 1413 and the two heat conduction rings 1415 (such as Fig.12 As shown in the direction, the high temperature on the surface of the lightning protection module 9 will be transferred to the fuse 1414, causing the two fuses 1414 to melt (the melting temperature of the two fuses 1414 is set at about 180 degrees Celsius. When the temperature reaches about 180 degrees Celsius, its physical structure will change, causing it to melt). At this time, the movable touch plate 1416 will slide downward under the action of its own gravity (as shown in the direction shown in the direction). Fig.15 until the lower end of the movable touch plate 1416 contacts the upper end of the fixed touch plate 1417.

[0093] When the movable touch plate 1416 contacts the fixed touch plate 1417, it will trigger the alarm (existing equipment, not shown in the figure) set outside the junction box 3, prompting the alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to promptly inspect or replace the lightning protection module 9, ensuring the lightning protection module 9 and the grounding wire 4 cooperate to drain the lightning current and the timeliness of the drainage.

[0094] The workflow of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0095] Under normal circumstances, the lightning protection module 9 is in a high impedance state. However, in thunderstorm weather, when the overcurrent generated by lightning strike is injected into the lightning protection module 9, its internal resistance will drop rapidly and become a low resistance state. At this time, the lightning protection module 9 will guide the overcurrent to the grounding wire 4 and discharge it to the ground through the graphite grounding rod 6.

[0096] In the process of the grounding wire 4 draining the current, the multiple transmitting coils 518 can cooperate to guide part of the overcurrent drained by the grounding wire 4 to the electromagnetic absorber 59, and the electromagnetic absorber 59 can effectively convert this part of the current into heat energy, thereby effectively reducing the overcurrent intensity drained by the grounding wire 4 and achieving the effect of weakening the overcurrent.

[0097] At the same time, when the electromagnetic absorber 59 converts part of the current diverted by the grounding wire 4 into heat energy, the cooperation between the annular heat conductive plate 58, the heat conductive tube 57 and the acetone liquid inside the heat conductive tube 57 can achieve initial heat dissipation of the electromagnetic absorber 59. At the same time, the electromagnetic absorber 59 can be further dissipated through the cooperation of the heat conductive mechanism, the heat absorbing component and the multiple fins 512, which can effectively accelerate the heat dissipation speed of the electromagnetic absorber 59 and help improve the electromagnetic absorber 59's continuous absorption and conversion of overcurrent in the grounding wire 4.

[0098] In addition, when the overcurrent generated by the lightning strike is injected into the lightning protection module 9, the resistance inside the lightning protection module 9 will cause the surface temperature of the lightning protection module 9 to increase rapidly. At this time, the heat dissipation component can be used to timely dissipate heat for the lightning protection module 9, which is helpful for the continuous and stable operation of the internal components of the lightning protection module 9. At the same time, if the lightning protection performance of the lightning protection module 9 decreases, the trigger mechanism can be used to prompt the alarm device installed outside the junction box 3 to sound an alarm, so as to remind the staff to inspect or replace the lightning protection module 9 in time.

[0099] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0100] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning protection structure suitable for an intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station, comprising a support frame, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are fixedly mounted on the support frame, a combiner box is fixedly mounted on the support frame, a lightning protection module is fixedly mounted in the combiner box, a grounding wire is passed through and fixedly mounted on the combiner box, and the grounding wire is electrically connected to the lightning protection module, a graphite grounding rod is fixedly mounted on the grounding wire, a shunt component is arranged at the lower end of the combiner box, and a trigger component is arranged in the combiner box; It is characterized in that The shunt assembly includes two support rods fixedly mounted at the lower end of the combiner box, a heat-conducting tube is fixedly mounted between the two support rods, an annular heat-conducting plate is fixedly mounted on the inner ring wall of the heat-conducting tube, an electromagnetic absorber is fixedly mounted on the inner ring wall of the annular heat-conducting plate, a linearly evenly distributed transmitting coil is fixedly mounted in the electromagnetic absorber, and the transmitting coils are all electrically connected to the grounding wire, an isolation component is mounted in the electromagnetic absorber, and a heat-conducting mechanism is mounted on the heat-conducting tube; The trigger assembly includes two fixed plates fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the junction box, the upper ends of the two fixed plates are fixedly mounted with insulation tubes, a heat dissipation component is commonly mounted between the two insulation tubes, connecting pipes are passed through and fixedly mounted on the two insulation tubes, the upper ends of the two connecting pipes are sealed and penetrated by and rotatably mounted with rotating shafts, and a trigger mechanism is mounted on the rotating shaft on the left.

2. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The isolation component comprises two isolation films fixedly installed in the electromagnetic absorber, and both isolation films are fixedly connected to the corresponding transmitting coils.

3. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat conduction mechanism comprises a heat conduction pad evenly fixedly installed on the outer ring wall of the heat conduction cylinder in a linear shape, and heat pipes are fixedly installed on the heat conduction pads, and fins evenly distributed in an annular shape are passed through and fixedly installed between the heat conduction pipes; The electromagnetic absorber is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, the upper end of the heat-conducting cylinder is fixedly connected with an air supply pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, an annular tube is sealed and penetrated and fixedly installed between the air supply pipes, the outer ring wall of the annular tube is fixedly connected with a one-way air suction pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, the inner ring wall of the annular tube is fixedly connected with an air injection pipe evenly distributed in an annular shape, and one end of the air injection pipe is located in the corresponding heat dissipation hole, and a heat absorption component is installed between the air supply pipes.

4. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat absorption component includes an annular cylinder fixedly installed between two support rods, an air intake pipe is fixedly installed at the lower ends of the two support rods, two pipe bodies are fixedly connected between the annular cylinder and the air intake pipe, a sealing slide is sealingly and slidably installed in the annular cylinder, a piston rod is sealingly and slidably installed in the air supply pipe, and the upper ends of the piston rods are sealed and penetrated and slidably installed on the annular cylinder, and the upper ends of the piston rods are fixedly connected to the sealing slide.

5. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat dissipation component includes storage cylinders fixedly installed in two insulation cylinders respectively, and the lower ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly connected to the corresponding storage cylinders, heat-conducting blocks are fixedly installed between the two storage cylinders and the lightning protection module, and the two heat-conducting blocks are sealed and penetrated and fixedly installed on the corresponding insulation cylinders, and conduits are fixedly connected between the upper ends of the two storage cylinders and the lower ends of the corresponding connecting pipes, fan blades evenly distributed in a ring shape are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the two rotating shafts, and two fans are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the two rotating shafts.

6. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trigger mechanism includes a limiting cylinder rotatably mounted on the left rotating shaft, two fuses are fixedly mounted in the limiting cylinder, a connecting component is commonly installed between the two fuses and the left heat conducting block, a movable touch plate is commonly fixedly mounted between the two fuses, and the movable touch plate is slidably mounted in the limiting cylinder, and a fixed touch plate is fixedly mounted in the limiting cylinder.

7. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The connecting component comprises a heat-conducting rod fixedly mounted on the left heat-conducting block, and heat-conducting rings are sleeved and mounted on the two fuses, and the two heat-conducting rings are fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod.

8. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rain shield is fixedly installed on the combiner box, two air inlets are provided on the combiner box, dehumidification plates are fixedly installed on the two air inlets, two drainage plates are fixedly installed in the combiner box, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the combiner box.

9. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positive pole fuse is fixedly installed in the combiner box, a negative pole fuse is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and both the positive pole fuse and the negative pole fuse are electrically connected to the lightning protection module, a busbar is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the lightning protection module is electrically connected to the busbar, a circuit breaker is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the busbar is electrically connected to the circuit breaker.

10. The lightning protection structure applicable to the intelligent combiner box of a photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A communication module is fixedly installed in the combiner box, a power supply module is fixedly installed in the combiner box, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the communication module.

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