Selenium-rich rice planting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of selenium-rich rice planting, in particular to a selenium-rich rice planting method. A selenium-rich rice planting method comprises the following planting steps: seed soaking treatment: selecting mature and full rice seeds, mixing a mixed selenium solution with water, soaking the seeds for 24 hours, and collecting the soaked rice seeds; accelerating germination; seedling raising treatment, wherein germinated rice seeds are selected and sown on the seedbed; performing sowing treatment: in a sowing season with proper weather, transplanting seedlings into a wet field, supplying water and holding water, turning over and raking, weeding and fertilizing, performing conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting, and spraying a mixed selenium solution when the seedlings grow to a heading stage and a filling stage; harvesting is completed, wherein the rice is harvested, spread to be thin and turned over frequently for airing treatment. According to the method, on the basis of traditional selenium-rich rice planting, the seeds are soaked, and due to soaking of the mixed selenium solution, the rice seeds are subjected to activated adaptation and partial absorption on the selenium element, and seed germination is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of selenium-enriched rice planting, in particular to a selenium-enriched rice planting method. Background Art

[0002] Eating agricultural products rich in selenium is currently recognized as the safest, most scientific, simplest and most effective way to supplement selenium for the human body. Rice is the staple food of most Chinese residents. China's rice planting area and output are both the highest among the country's grain crops, but the average selenium content of Chinese rice is only 0.025 mg / kg, far below the recommended selenium intake. Therefore, increasing the selenium content in rice is the main method and the best way to increase the body's nutritional demand for selenium.

[0003] Selenium-rich rice planted in selenium-rich areas lacks a certain stability of selenium content, is in a low-selenium or selenium-containing state, and is difficult to meet the standard. Moreover, the market supply is limited and cannot meet market demand. Therefore, the intervention of exogenous selenium can not only break through the limitations of selenium-rich areas, but also has important significance for the stable increase of selenium content in rice and large-scale cultivation. For example, invention patent CN101791081A discloses a method for producing selenium-rich rice. Before rice transplanting, selenium-rich rice nutrients are applied through base fertilizer, and finally selenium-rich rice is harvested.

[0004] With regard to the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors found that the existing selenium-enriched rice needs to be planted with a large amount of nano-selenium, which not only causes waste of resources and high cost of selenium enrichment, but also has the problem of low utilization rate of selenium in rice due to the failure to add nano-selenium at the correct time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the problems of resource waste and high selenium-enriched cost in the existing selenium-enriched rice planting, the present application provides a selenium-enriched rice planting method.

[0006] A method for planting selenium-enriched rice comprises the following planting steps: Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30±1℃ and a humidity of 20±2%. Control the moisture content of the rice seeds to be 60-80% during the germination process, and wait for them to sprout; Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedbed, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.0-7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25±3℃ and a humidity of 50-55% until the seedlings are 20-25cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the seedlings into a moist field, control the pH value to 7.0-7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, carry out routine cultivation and routine management after transplanting, and spray the mixed selenium solution when the seedlings grow to the heading and filling stage; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0007] Through the above technical scheme, the present application, based on the traditional selenium-rich rice planting, soaks the seeds. Due to the immersion in the mixed selenium solution, the rice seeds can activate and adapt to and partially absorb the selenium element, thereby promoting seed germination.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixed selenium solution comprises a mixture of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine, in which the mass ratio of sodium selenite to L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​is 1:5, and the mass concentration of the mixed selenium solution is 0.1-0.5%.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, the present application adopts the effective compound of L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​and sodium selenite, giving full play to the advantages of both, and promoting the absorption of selenium by rice. On the one hand, since the absorption degree of sodium selenite is not high during the seed germination period, but it has a good absorption effect on L-seleno-methylselenocysteine, the present application optimizes the concentration ratio of L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​and sodium selenite in the mixed selenium solution, which can ensure the safety of rice seeds during the soaking and application process, and ensure the effectiveness of selenium, so that rice can absorb an appropriate amount of selenium during the growth process, increase the selenium content in the rice grains, and achieve the goal of selenium enrichment.

[0010] Furthermore, the seedling substrate for the seedling treatment comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of mushroom residue substrate; 1.0-1.5 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; The slow-release compound fertilizer comprises diammonium phosphate, urea and a compound selenium solution.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the present application adds slow-release compound fertilizer in the seedling raising process for breeding treatment. The use of mushroom residue substrate can not only provide rich nutrients, but also improve the physical properties of the soil and increase the water retention capacity. The added slow-release compound fertilizer can continuously release nutrients and promote the healthy growth of seedlings.

[0012] On this basis, the present application further optimizes the components of the slow-release compound fertilizer, and uses the addition of diammonium phosphate and urea to effectively improve the adsorption of selenium by rice roots, thereby having a good selenium-enriching effect during its seedling stage.

[0013] Furthermore, the composite selenium solution comprises a mixture of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine, and in the composite selenium solution, the mass ratio of sodium selenite to L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​is 1:(2-3).

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, the present application optimizes the mixing ratio of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine. Since the absorption effect of rice on sodium selenite is significantly improved during the seedling period, the present application optimizes the addition ratio of sodium selenite, thereby further improving the effective absorption of selenium by rice seedlings.

[0015] Further, the seedling culture medium is prepared by the following scheme: Take the mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; After bacterial cellulose is mixed with acrylic acid monomer, an initiator and a cross-linking agent are added, and after cross-linking treatment, a water-retaining modified product is collected; Take mushroom residue, water-retaining modifier and slow-release compound fertilizer, stir and mix them, add water, stir and swell for 12 hours, and then you can prepare the seedling medium.

[0016] Through the above technical scheme, the present application mixes bacterial cellulose and acrylic acid monomers and cross-links them into a seedling matrix with good water-retaining properties. In actual use, the addition of water-retaining modifiers enhances the water-retaining and air-permeability of the matrix, effectively improves the growth environment of the seedlings, provides good support for the growth of the seedlings, helps to improve the survival rate and quality in the seedling stage, and paves the way for the success of subsequent transplanting; in addition, the water-retaining modifier also promotes the dispersion and retention of slow-release compound fertilizers, further improves the adsorption of selenium by rice roots, so that the prepared seedling matrix has both excellent water-retaining and air-permeable properties and selenium-enriching effects.

[0017] Furthermore, 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent is added to the seedling culture medium.

[0018] Furthermore, the composite bacterial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas lilacinus in equal mass.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the present application further optimizes the composition of the seedling medium. By improving the components of the composite microbial agent, Bacillus subtilis can provide plant growth promotion, while Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas lilacinus can help prevent and control soil diseases and enhance the stress resistance of plants. The combination of the three forms a good microbial symbiotic system, which promotes the root development of rice and improves the efficiency of nutrient absorption, thereby increasing the growth rate and disease resistance of the plant. This ensures that rice can maintain a good growth trend at different growth stages and improve the final yield and quality.

[0020] Furthermore, the pH value adjustment in the sowing treatment step uses wood ash and humic acid.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the present application can effectively improve the acidity and alkalinity of the soil by using wood ash and humic acid to adjust the pH value during rice planting, and can also increase the organic matter content in the soil and improve the fertility of the soil. The appropriate pH range can promote the absorption of nutrients by rice, increase its growth rate and yield. In addition, the natural sources of wood ash and humic acid also help reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, are environmentally friendly, and contribute to the sustainable development of rice.

[0022] Furthermore, during the sowing process, the step of spraying the selenium-rich solution comprises: When the rice seedlings grow to the stage of field transplanting for 45 to 55 days, spray the seedlings with 100 kg / mu of sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000; 20 days before the seedlings begin to ear, spray the seedlings with 100 kg / mu of sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000.

[0023] Through the above technical scheme, the present application aims at the characteristics that rice absorbs a large amount of nutrients in the field for about 50 days and 20 days before heading, and sprays the rice with sodium selenite solution in increments, thereby greatly improving the absorption of selenium by rice, increasing the time period for the biological conversion of inorganic selenium into organic selenium during the growth of rice, and greatly improving the organic selenium content in rice. The sodium selenite solution sprayed before the rice seedlings heading in the field is sprayed multiple times in a step-by-step manner according to its concentration, so that the sodium selenite solution is maximized, resources are saved, and costs are reduced.

[0024] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: First, based on the traditional selenium-rich rice planting, the present application treats the seeds by soaking them. The soaking in the mixed selenium solution allows the rice seeds to activate and partially absorb the selenium element, thereby promoting seed germination.

[0025] Second, the present application optimizes the mixing ratio of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine. Since the absorption effect of inorganic selenium by rice is significantly improved during the seedling period, the present application optimizes the addition ratio of inorganic selenium, thereby further improving the effective absorption of selenium by rice seedlings.

[0026] Third, the present application mixes bacterial cellulose and acrylic acid monomers and cross-links them into a seedling matrix with good water-retaining properties. In actual use, the addition of water-retaining modifiers enhances the water-retaining and air-permeability of the matrix, effectively improves the growth environment of the seedlings, provides good support for the growth of the seedlings, helps to improve the survival rate and quality of the seedling stage, and paves the way for the success of subsequent transplanting.

[0027] Fourth, the present application aims at the characteristics that rice absorbs a large amount of nutrients in the field for about 50 days and 20 days before heading, and sprays the rice with sodium selenite solution in increments, thereby greatly improving the absorption of selenium by rice, increasing the time period for the biological conversion of inorganic selenium into organic selenium during the growth of rice, and greatly improving the organic selenium content in rice. The sodium selenite solution sprayed before the rice seedlings heading in the field is sprayed multiple times in a step-by-step manner according to its concentration, so that the sodium selenite solution is maximized, resources are saved, and costs are reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] In the examples of the present application, the raw materials and instruments used are as follows, but not limited thereto. Raw materials not otherwise specified are of analytical grade.

[0030] Bacillus subtilis agent: Shandong Degang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Trichoderma harzianum agent: Guangzhou Zhenwei Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd.; Psoralea lilacinus agent: Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Preparation Example 1 Seedling medium 1 Take 500g of mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; 50g of bacterial cellulose was mixed with 8g of acrylic acid monomer, and then 2.5g of 0.2% ammonium persulfate solution and 50mg of cross-linking agent N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were added, and the mixture was placed at 60°C for 3h under nitrogen atmosphere for cross-linking treatment, and the water-retaining modified product was collected; Take 18g of diammonium phosphate, 18g of urea, 1g of sodium selenite and 2g of L-selenium-methylselenocysteine, stir and mix, add 1kg of water, stir and mix, and collect to obtain a compound fertilizer; 500 g of mushroom residue powder, 1.5 g of water-retaining modifier and 8.5 mL of compound fertilizer were mixed, and water was added to stir and swell for 12 hours to prepare a seedling medium 1.

[0031] Preparation Example 2 Seedling medium 2 Take 500g of mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; 50g of bacterial cellulose was mixed with 8g of acrylic acid monomer, and then 2.5g of 0.2% ammonium persulfate solution and 50mg of cross-linking agent N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were added, and the mixture was placed at 60°C for 3h under nitrogen atmosphere for cross-linking treatment, and the water-retaining modified product was collected; Take 20g of diammonium phosphate, 20g of urea, 1g of sodium selenite and 2.5g of L-selenium-methylselenocysteine, stir and mix, add 1kg of water, stir and mix, and collect to obtain a compound fertilizer; 600 g of mushroom residue powder, 1.8 g of water-retaining modifier and 10 mL of compound fertilizer were mixed, and water was added to stir and swell for 12 h to prepare a seedling medium 2.

[0032] Preparation Example 3 Seedling medium 3 Take 500g of mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; 50g of bacterial cellulose was mixed with 8g of acrylic acid monomer, and then 2.5g of 0.2% ammonium persulfate solution and 50mg of cross-linking agent N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were added, and the mixture was placed at 60°C for 3h under nitrogen atmosphere for cross-linking treatment, and the water-retaining modified product was collected; Take 25g of diammonium phosphate, 25g of urea, 1g of sodium selenite and 3g of L-selenium-methylselenocysteine, stir and mix, add 1kg of water, stir and mix, and collect to obtain a compound fertilizer; 800 g of mushroom residue powder, 2.0 g of water-retaining modifier and 13 mL of compound fertilizer were mixed, and water was added, stirred and swollen for 12 h to prepare a seedling medium 3.

[0033] Preparation Example 4 Take 500g of mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; 50g of bacterial cellulose was mixed with 8g of acrylic acid monomer, and then 2.5g of 0.2% ammonium persulfate solution and 50mg of cross-linking agent N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were added, and the mixture was placed at 60°C for 3h under nitrogen atmosphere for cross-linking treatment, and the water-retaining modified product was collected; Take 25g of diammonium phosphate, 25g of urea, 1g of sodium selenite and 3g of L-selenium-methylselenocysteine, stir and mix, add 1kg of water, stir and mix, and collect to obtain a compound fertilizer; Then, 0.3 g of Bacillus subtilis agent, 0.3 g of Trichoderma harzianum agent and 0.4 g of Pseudomonas lilacinus agent were mixed to obtain a composite bacterial agent; Take 800 g of mushroom residue powder, 1 g of compound bacterial agent, 1.8 g of water-retaining modifier and 10 mL of compound fertilizer, stir and mix, add water, stir and swell for 12 hours, and then the seedling medium 4 can be prepared.

[0034] Preparation Example 5 Take 500g of mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; 50g of bacterial cellulose was mixed with 8g of acrylic acid monomer, and then 2.5g of 0.2% ammonium persulfate solution and 50mg of cross-linking agent N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were added, and the mixture was placed at 60°C for 3h under nitrogen atmosphere for cross-linking treatment, and the water-retaining modified product was collected; Take 25g of diammonium phosphate, 25g of urea, 1g of sodium selenite and 3g of L-selenium-methylselenocysteine, stir and mix, add 1kg of water, stir and mix, and collect to obtain a compound fertilizer; Then 1.5 g of Bacillus subtilis agent, 1.5 g of Trichoderma harzianum agent and 2 g of Pseudomonas lilacinus agent were mixed to obtain a composite bacterial agent; 800 g of mushroom residue powder, 1 g of compound bacterial agent, 1.8 g of water-retaining modifier and 10 mL of compound fertilizer were mixed, and water was added, stirred and swollen for 12 h to prepare a seedling medium 5.

[0035] Preparation Example 6 3 g of sodium selenite and 3 g of L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​were placed in 1 L of deionized water, stirred and mixed, and a mixed selenium solution 1 was collected.

[0036] Preparation Example 7 Mix the selenium solution: 1 g of sodium selenite and 5 g of L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​were placed in 1 L of deionized water, stirred and mixed, and a mixed selenium solution 2 was collected.

[0037] Example 1 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 1 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 60%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the crushed mushroom residue particles, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.0, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 50-55% until the seedlings are 20-25cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings to a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 45 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0038] Example 2 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 60%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the crushed mushroom residue particles, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 50-55% until the seedlings are 20-25cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings to a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 45 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0039] Example 3 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 60%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedling medium 1, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 50-55% until the seedlings are 20-25 cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings to a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 45 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0040] Example 4 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 70%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedling medium 2, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 52% until the seedlings are 20-25 cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings into a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 50 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0041] Example 5 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 80%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedling medium 3, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 55% until the seedlings are 20-25 cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings to a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 55 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0042] Example 6 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 70%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedling medium 4, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 52% until the seedlings are 20-25 cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings into a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 50 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0043] Example 7 Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution 2 with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, stir the rice seeds every 6 hours and collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 20%. During the germination process, the moisture content of the rice seeds is controlled to be 70%, and then the seeds are ready to germinate. Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them on the seedling medium 5, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 52% until the seedlings are 20-25 cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the rice seedlings into a moist field, control the pH value to 7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, and perform conventional cultivation and conventional management after transplanting. When the rice seedlings grow to the field for transplanting for 50 days, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; 15 days before the rice seedlings begin to ear, spray the rice seedlings in the field with a sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000 at a rate of 100 kg / mu; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

[0044] Example 8: Compared with Example 4, the water-retaining modifier is not added to the seedling medium used in Example 8, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as those in Example 4; Example 9: Compared with Example 4, no compound fertilizer was added to the seedling medium used in Example 9, and the remaining steps and methods were the same as those in Example 4; Example 10: Compared with Example 4, the water-retaining modifier is not added to the seedling medium used in Example 10, and the water-retaining modifier is replaced by a compound fertilizer of equal quality, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as those in Example 4; Example 11: Compared with Example 4, diammonium phosphate and urea were not added to the seedling medium used in Example 11, and the remaining steps and methods were the same as those in Example 4; Example 12: Compared with Example 4, diammonium phosphate and urea are not added to the seedling medium used in Example 12, and the above two components are replaced by a composite selenium solution of equal quality, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as those in Example 4; Example 13: Compared with Example 4, the seedling medium used in Example 13 is a sodium selenite solution with a mass fraction of 0.35% instead of a composite selenium solution, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as those in Example 4; Example 14: Compared with Example 4, the seedling medium used in Example 14 is selected to replace the composite selenium solution with an equal mass of 0.35% L-selenium-methylselenocysteine ​​solution, and the remaining steps and methods are the same as those in Example 4; Example 15: Compared with Example 6, in Example 15, 0.5 g of Bacillus subtilis agent and 0.5 g of Trichoderma harzianum agent were collected to obtain a bacterial agent to replace the composite bacterial agent in Preparation Example 4; Example 16: Compared with Example 6, in Example 16, 0.5 g of Bacillus subtilis agent and 0.5 g of Pseudomonas lilacinus agent were collected to obtain a bacterial agent to replace the composite bacterial agent in Preparation Example 4; Example 17: Compared with Example 6, in Example 17, 0.5 g of the purpurogenous fungus agent and 0.5 g of the Trichoderma harzianum fungus agent were collected to obtain a fungus agent to replace the composite fungus agent in Preparation Example 4; Example 18: Compared with Example 1, in Example 18, during the sowing process, the transplanted plants are sprayed with sodium selenite solution after 30 days of growth; Example 19: Compared with Example 1, in Example 19, during the sowing treatment step, sodium selenite solution is sprayed 10 days before heading; Example 20: Compared with Example 1, in the seed soaking step in Example 19, only L-selenium-methylselenocysteine ​​solution is used in the seed soaking selenium solution; Example 21: Compared with Example 1, in the step of soaking the seeds in Example 20, only sodium selenite solution is used in the selenium solution for soaking the seeds; Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not use a mixed selenium solution in the seed soaking step; Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, in this comparative example, no selenium-containing solution was sprayed in the sowing process; Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not use a mixed selenium solution in the seed soaking step, nor does it spray any selenium-containing solution.

[0045] It should be noted that the technical solution of the present application uses wood ash and humic acid to control the pH value.

[0046] Performance Testing The rice harvested from Examples 1-21 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested for organic selenium content; The disease index test was performed on the rice planted in Example 6 and Examples 15-17, as follows: The investigation and grading standards are based on leaves. The disease situation is checked according to the method in the International Rice Research Institute's Rice Blast Resistance Evaluation Standard. The classification and recording of leaf blast identification standards are as follows: Grade 0: no symptoms; Level 1: very small brown spots; Level 2: brown spots with a diameter of 1 mm; Level 3: The lesions are 2 to 3 mm in diameter and oval in shape, with gray centers and brown edges; Level 4: oval lesions 1 to 2 cm long, gray in the center and brown at the edges; Level 5: Long and wide oval lesions are formed. When the lesions develop to a late stage or are serious, water will appear. Irregular large spots with brown edges; Level 6: Leaf lesions account for 10% to 25% of the total leaf area; Level 7: Leaf lesions account for 26% to 50% of the total leaf area; Level 8: Leaf lesions account for 51% to 75% of the total leaf area; Level 9: All leaves are dead. The results are shown in Table 2 below. The specific test standard is GB / T 1354-2018, which specifically tests the total selenium content of rice; the recorded results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Performance test table sample Total selenium content of rice (ug / 100g) Example 1 80.2 Example 2 81.8 Example 3 85.8 Example 4 86.4 Example 5 85.5 Example 6 87.3 Example 7 88.6 Example 8 83.5 Example 9 83.1 Example 10 83.7 Embodiment 11 83.1 Example 12 84.7 Embodiment 13 83.8 Embodiment 14 84.1 Embodiment 15 87.0 Example 16 86.8 Embodiment 17 86.7 Embodiment 18 78.4 Embodiment 19 78.8 Embodiment 20 72.5 Embodiment 21 71.4 Comparative Example 1 66.1 Comparative Example 2 65.2 Comparative Example 3 54.3

[0047] Table 2 Disease index table sample Disease index Example 6 3,3 Embodiment 15 4.5 Example 16 4.4 Embodiment 17 4.5

[0048] From the above examples 1-21 and comparative examples 1-3, combined with the test results in Table 1-2, it can be found that: (1) In combination with Examples 1-3, Examples 20-21, Comparative Examples 1 and 3 and the data in Table 1, it can be found that the technical solution of the present application, on the basis of traditional selenium-rich rice planting, by soaking the seeds, the soaking in the mixed selenium solution allows the rice seeds to activate and partially absorb the selenium element, thereby promoting seed germination. At the same time, the present application optimizes the mixing ratio of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine. Since the absorption effect of sodium selenite by rice is significantly improved during the seedling period, the present application optimizes the addition ratio of sodium selenite, thereby further improving the effective absorption of selenium by rice seedlings.

[0049] (2) By comparing Example 2 with Examples 3-5, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present application mixes bacterial cellulose with acrylic acid monomers and cross-links them to form a seedling medium with good water-retaining properties. In actual use, the addition of water-retaining modifiers enhances the water-retaining capacity and air permeability of the medium, effectively improving the growth environment of the seedlings and the total selenium content of selenium-enriched rice seeds.

[0050] (3) Further explanation is given in combination with Example 1, Example 4 and Examples 8-10. From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the organic selenium content of the rice finally harvested in Examples 8-10 is less than the organic selenium content of the rice finally harvested in Example 4, which indicates that the mixed use of the water-retaining modifier and the compound fertilizer in the seedling medium adopted in the technical solution of the present application effectively promotes the dispersion and retention of the compound fertilizer, further improves the adsorption of selenium by the rice roots, and makes the prepared seedling medium have both excellent water-retaining and air-permeability and selenium-enriching effect.

[0051] (4) Further explanation is given in combination with Example 1, Example 4 and Examples 11-14. From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the organic selenium content of the rice finally harvested in Examples 11-14 is less than the organic selenium content of the rice finally harvested in Example 4, but better than the organic selenium content of the rice finally harvested in Example 1, which indicates that the present application further optimizes the components of the slow-release compound fertilizer, and adopts the addition of diammonium phosphate and urea to effectively improve the adsorption effect of selenium by the roots of rice, thereby having a good selenium-enriching effect during its seedling stage.

[0052] (5) Combined with the data of Example 1, Example 6, Example 15-17, Table 1 and Table 2, it is further found that the technical solution of the present application optimizes the composition of the seedling substrate and improves the components of the composite bacterial agent. Bacillus subtilis can provide plant growth promotion, while Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas lilacinus can help prevent and control soil diseases and enhance plant resistance. The combination of the three forms a good microbial symbiotic system, promotes the root development of rice, improves nutrient absorption efficiency, and thus improves the growth rate and disease resistance of the plant. This can ensure that rice can maintain a good growth trend at different growth stages and improve the final yield and quality.

[0053] (5) In combination with Examples 18-19, Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the organic selenium content of the rice harvested in Examples 18-19 is lower than that in Example 1, but the organic selenium content of the rice harvested in Comparative Example 1 is significantly increased, which shows that the present application takes into account the characteristics of the rice growing in the field for about 50 days and 20 days before heading to absorb the nutrient elements to a large extent, and sprays the rice with sodium selenite solution in an incremental manner in batches, thereby greatly improving the absorption of selenium by the rice, and increasing the time period for the rice to bioconvert inorganic selenium into organic selenium during its growth process, thereby greatly improving the organic selenium content in the rice.

[0054] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, a variety of equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0055] All publications, patent applications, patents and other references mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the meanings conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. In the event of a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0056] When this specification uses the prefix "well-known to those skilled in the art", "prior art" or similar terms to introduce materials, substances, methods, steps, devices or components, etc., the objects introduced by the prefix cover those commonly used in the art when this application is filed, but also include those that are not commonly used at present but will become recognized in the art as being suitable for similar purposes.

[0057] In the context of the present specification, any matters or items not mentioned are directly applicable to those known in the art without any changes except those explicitly stated.

Claims

1. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice, characterized in that: The planting steps include: Seed soaking treatment: Select mature and full rice seeds, mix the mixed selenium solution with water and soak the seeds. After soaking for 24 hours, collect the soaked rice seeds. Germination treatment: Take the soaked rice seeds and wrap them in a breathable cloth bag, and perform germination treatment at a temperature of 30±1℃ and a humidity of 20±2%. Control the moisture content of the rice seeds to be 60-80% during the germination process, and wait for them to sprout; Seedling treatment: Select the sprouted rice seeds and sow them into the seedling medium on the seedbed, control the pH value of the seedbed to 7.0-7.5, and raise the seedlings at a temperature of 25±3℃ and a humidity of 50-55% until the seedlings are 20-25cm long; Sowing treatment: In the sowing season with suitable weather, transplant the seedlings into a moist field, control the pH value to 7.0-7.5, supply water and retain water, plow and harrow, weed and fertilize, carry out routine cultivation and routine management after transplanting, and spray the selenium-rich solution when the seedlings grow to the heading and filling stage; Harvest is complete: When the rice is 95% mature, harvest the rice, spread it thinly, turn it over frequently and dry it in the sun.

2. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed selenium solution comprises a mixture of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine. In the mixed selenium solution, the mass ratio of sodium selenite to L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​is 1:5, and the mass concentration of the mixed selenium solution is 0.1-0.5%.

3. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising matrix of the seedling raising process comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of mushroom residue substrate; 1.0-1.5 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer; The slow-release compound fertilizer comprises diammonium phosphate, urea and a compound selenium solution.

4. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 3, characterized in that: The composite selenium solution comprises a mixture of sodium selenite and L-seleno-methylselenocysteine. In the composite selenium solution, the mass ratio of sodium selenite to L-seleno-methylselenocysteine ​​is 1:(2-3).

5. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seedling culture matrix is ​​made by the following scheme: Take the mushroom residue, dry and crush it, and then sieve it for later use; After bacterial cellulose is mixed with acrylic acid monomer, an initiator and a cross-linking agent are added, and after cross-linking treatment, a water-retaining modified product is collected; Take mushroom residue, water-retaining modifier and slow-release compound fertilizer, stir and mix them, add water, stir and swell for 12 hours, and then you can prepare the seedling medium.

6. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seedling culture medium is also added with 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent.

7. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas lilacinus in equal weight.

8. The method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value adjustment in the sowing treatment step uses wood ash and humic acid.

9. A method for planting selenium-enriched rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the sowing process, the step of spraying the selenium-rich solution comprises: When the rice seedlings grow to the stage of field transplanting for 45 to 55 days, spray the seedlings with 100 kg / mu of sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:4000; 20 days before the seedlings begin to ear, spray the seedlings with 100 kg / mu of sodium selenite solution with a mass concentration of 1:3000.