A low-temperature pulverizing device and method for Chinese medicine residues

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, and discloses a low-temperature crushing equipment and a crushing method for traditional Chinese medicine residues. The low-temperature crushing equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises a shell, a crushing cylinder arranged on the top of the shell, a crushing roller arranged inside the crushing cylinder, and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing roller to rotate. A feeding hopper is provided at the top of the shell, the feeding hopper is connected to the crushing cylinder, a valve assembly is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, a plurality of crushing knives are provided on the crushing roller, and a plurality of extension grooves are opened on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller. The present invention provides a movable crushing knife, so that when the crushing roller rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing knife and the sliding plate overcome the tension of the tension spring and extend from the extension groove, and when the crushing roller stops rotating, the crushing knife retracts into the first chute under the action of the tension of the tension spring. In the process of the crushing knife entering the first chute, the traditional Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing knife is scraped off through the extension groove, so as to reduce the residual traditional Chinese medicine residue on the crushing knife.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pulverizing equipment, in particular to low-temperature pulverizing equipment and a pulverizing method for traditional Chinese medicine residues. Background Art

[0002] Traditional Chinese medicine residue crushing equipment is a mechanical equipment used to efficiently crush traditional Chinese medicine residue. These equipment can break large pieces of traditional Chinese medicine residue into smaller particles for further use or processing.

[0003] Chinese patent CN109954559A discloses a device for crushing and utilizing Chinese medicinal residues, comprising a device body, a motor and a feed inlet, wherein a supporting foot is fixedly installed at the bottom of the device body, a feed inlet is fixedly installed at the top of the device body, a crushing box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the device body, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed inside the crushing box, a plurality of crushing blades are fixedly installed around the rotating shaft, a discharge baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing box, a vibration seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the device body, a collecting box is fixedly installed on the top of the vibration seat, fixed seats are fixedly installed on the side walls on both sides of the collecting box, a filter screen is fixedly installed between the fixed seats, a support plate is fixedly installed on the back side of the device body, and a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate. The device has a simple structure, good crushing effect and high product quality.

[0004] As shown in the above patent, existing Chinese medicine residue crushing equipment usually uses high-speed rotating blades to crush the Chinese medicine residue. However, during long-term operation, these high-speed rotating blades are prone to generate heat due to friction, causing their temperature to rise. The increase in blade temperature may cause degradation or loss of heat-sensitive components in the Chinese medicine residue, thereby affecting the content of bioactive substances in the final product. Moreover, since the Chinese medicine residue itself contains a certain amount of moisture, material adhesion is likely to occur during the crushing process, that is, the Chinese medicine residue will adhere to the inner wall of the crushing chamber and the surface of the blade, which not only reduces the crushing efficiency, but also increases the difficulty of cleaning and maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-temperature pulverization device and a pulverization method for Chinese medicinal residues to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature pulverization device and a pulverization method for traditional Chinese medicine residues, which realize the low-temperature pulverization of traditional Chinese medicine residues and effectively reduce the traditional Chinese medicine residue residues on the pulverization roller and the pulverization knife.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A low-temperature crushing device for Chinese medicinal residues, comprising a shell, a crushing cylinder arranged on the top of the shell, a crushing roller arranged inside the crushing cylinder and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing roller to rotate, a feeding hopper is provided at the top of the shell, the feeding hopper is connected to the crushing cylinder, a valve assembly is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, a plurality of crushing knives are provided on the crushing roller, a plurality of extension grooves are opened on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller, the crushing knives are slidably arranged in the extension grooves, a first slide groove is provided on the inner side of the extension groove, a sliding disc is slidably installed in the first slide groove One end of the crushing knife is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first slide groove through a tension spring. A cooling chamber is opened inside the crushing roller, and roller shafts are fixedly provided at both ends of the crushing roller. The crushing roller is rotatably installed inside the crushing cylinder through the roller shaft. The roller shaft is hollow and connected to the cooling chamber. The first slide groove is connected to the cooling chamber through a connecting hole. A water supply structure is provided on the shell, and the water supply structure is connected to the cooling chamber through the roller shaft. A heat conducting column is fixedly installed on the end of the crushing knife close to the sliding plate. The heat conducting column passes through the sliding plate, and one end of the heat conducting column extends into the cooling chamber.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the valve assembly includes a sealing plate and a rotating shaft, a window matching the valve plate is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, the sealing plate is rotatably installed in the window at the bottom of the crushing cylinder, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the sealing plate, and the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the shell.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the housing, and a gear is fixedly installed on the end of the rotating shaft extending out of the housing, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing, a rack is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a scraping portion is provided on one side of the sealing plate, and when the sealing plate is opened, the scraping portion rotates upward and fits against the outer wall of the crushing roller.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the water delivery structure includes a connecting tube and a first mounting bracket, the first mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell, the connecting tube is fixedly mounted on the first mounting bracket, one end of the roller shaft extends into the connecting tube, and the roller shaft rotates in cooperation with the connecting tube, and the end of the connecting tube away from the shell is connected to be provided with a connecting port.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving mechanism includes a second mounting frame, a motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a transmission belt, the second mounting frame is fixedly mounted on one side of the shell, the motor is fixedly mounted on the second mounting frame, the output end of the motor is fixedly sleeved with a driving wheel, the driven wheel is fixedly sleeved on a roller shaft located above the driving wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: an annular groove is provided at both ends of the cooling chamber, a linkage disk is rotatably installed inside the annular groove, a plurality of inclined guide grooves are provided on the linkage disk, the plurality of inclined guide grooves are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk as the array center, a plurality of linkage plates are provided between the two linkage disks, the plurality of linkage plates are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk as the array center, limiting columns are rotatably installed at both ends of the linkage plate, the limiting columns are provided in the inclined guide groove, and one end of the heat-conducting column is fixedly connected to the linkage plate.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: an installation groove is provided on one side of the crushing roller, a scraper is slidably installed in the installation groove, a second slide groove is provided on one side of the two annular grooves, a slide column is slidably installed in the second slide groove, the slide column is fixedly connected to the scraper, a spring is provided in the second slide groove, the slide column is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the second slide groove through the spring, a rope pulley is fixedly sleeved on the linkage disk, a traction rope is fixedly connected to the rope pulley, one end of the traction rope extends into the second slide groove and is fixedly connected to the slide column.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: a T-shaped channel is provided between two adjacent first chutes, one end of the T-shaped channel is connected to the cooling chamber, and the other two ends of the T-shaped channel are connected to the first chutes on both sides thereof.

[0016] The method for crushing Chinese medicine residues using the above-mentioned low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. The herbal medicine residue is fed into the crushing drum through the feeding hopper, and the crushing roller is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate. When the crushing roller rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing blade and the sliding plate overcome the tension of the tension spring and move away from the crushing roller, causing the crushing blade to extend from the extension slot. The rotation of the crushing roller also drives the crushing blade to rotate, thereby crushing the herbal medicine residue in the crushing drum;

[0018] S2. After the crushing is completed, the crushing roller stops rotating. At this time, the crushing blade retracts into the first chute under the tension of the tension spring. During the process of the crushing blade entering the first chute, the Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing blade is scraped off through the extension groove, and then the valve assembly is opened to discharge the crushed Chinese medicine residue;

[0019] S3. At the same time, when the device is in use, cooling water is input into the cooling chamber through the water supply structure and the roller shaft. The heat on the crushing blade is transferred to the heat-conducting column. The heat-conducting column extends into the cooling chamber. The cooling water absorbs the heat of the heat-conducting column, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat-conducting column and the crushing blade.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a movable crushing blade, so that when the crushing roller rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing blade and the sliding plate overcome the tension of the tension spring and extend from the extension groove. When the crushing roller stops rotating, the crushing blade retracts into the first chute under the tension of the tension spring. In the process of the crushing blade entering the first chute, the Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing blade is scraped off through the extension groove, so as to reduce the residual Chinese medicine residue on the crushing blade. When the device is in use, cooling water is input into the cooling chamber through the water supply structure and the roller shaft, and the heat on the crushing blade is transferred to the heat-conducting column. The heat-conducting column extends into the cooling chamber, and the cooling water absorbs the heat of the heat-conducting column, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat-conducting column and the crushing blade, so as to prevent the increase in the blade temperature from causing degradation or loss of heat-sensitive components in the Chinese medicine residue.

[0022] 2. When discharging, the present invention rotates downward to open the sealing plate, and the scraping part rotates upward to fit the outer wall of the crushing roller. Then, the crushing roller is controlled to rotate slowly, so that the crushing blade does not extend from the extension groove. As a result, when the crushing roller rotates, the scraping part can scrape off the Chinese medicine residue on the outer wall of the crushing roller and the end of the crushing blade, reducing the residual Chinese medicine residue on the crushing roller, making it easier to crush and clean the crushing roller in the later stage. The rotation of the sealing plate is cleverly used to make the scraping part fit the crushing roller for cleaning, thereby improving the convenience of cleaning.

[0023] 3. In the present invention, when the heat-conducting column moves, the heat-conducting column can drive the linkage plate to move, and the linkage plate is connected to multiple heat-conducting columns, so that the multiple heat-conducting columns connected to the linkage plate move synchronously, and the limiting column at the end of the linkage plate is located in the inclined guide groove, so that when the linkage plate moves, it drives the linkage disk to rotate, and then the other multiple linkage plates move synchronously, so that all the heat-conducting columns move synchronously and equidistantly. Therefore, even if one of the tension springs is fatigued and damaged, the force of the other tension springs can drive the sliding disk connected to the tension spring to move. When a small number of tension springs are fatigued and damaged, there is no need to repair or replace them, which significantly reduces the maintenance frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing roller, crushing knife, linkage plate and linkage disk of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic side cross-sectional structural diagram of the crushing roller of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the crushing roller of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the crushing roller of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the valve assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage plate and linkage disk of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the rope winding wheel, linkage disk and limiting column of the present invention.

[0034] Figure: 1, housing; 2, feeding hopper; 3, crushing drum; 4, crushing roller; 401, cooling chamber; 402, roller shaft; 403, first chute; 404, connecting hole; 405, extension groove; 406, limiting protrusion; 407, T-shaped flow channel; 408, mounting groove; 409, annular groove; 410, second chute; 5, crushing blade; 6, sliding plate; 7, heat conducting column; 8, tension spring; 9, linkage plate; 10, linkage plate; 1001, inclined guide groove ;1002, through hole; 11, limiting column; 12, rope pulley; 13, scraper; 14, sliding column; 15, spring; 16, traction rope; 17, discharge port; 18, sealing plate; 1801, scraper part; 19, rotating shaft; 20, gear; 21, rack; 22, cylinder; 23, connecting tube; 24, first mounting bracket; 25, connecting port; 26, second mounting bracket; 27, motor; 28, driving wheel; 29, transmission belt; 30, driven wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 8The present invention provides a low-temperature crushing device for Chinese medicinal residues, comprising a shell 1, a crushing cylinder 3 arranged at the top of the shell 1, a crushing roller 4 arranged inside the crushing cylinder 3 and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing roller 4 to rotate. The top of the shell 1 is provided with a feeding hopper 2, which is connected to the crushing cylinder 3, and a valve assembly is provided at the bottom of the crushing cylinder 3. One side of the bottom of the shell 1 is connected with a discharge port 17. A plurality of crushing knives 5 are provided on the crushing roller 4, and a plurality of extending grooves 405 are opened on the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller 4. The crushing knife 5 is slidably arranged in the extending groove 405, and the crushing knife 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the extending groove 405 and maintains a seal. The inner side of the extending groove 405 is connected with a first slide groove 403, and a sliding plate 6 is slidably installed in the first slide groove 403. One end of the crushing knife 5 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 6, and an annular limiting protrusion 406 is provided on the inner side of the first slide groove 403. In the state, the sliding plate 6 is fitted with the limiting protrusion 406, and the end of the crushing knife 5 away from the sliding plate 6 is provided with an arc surface, and the arc is the same as the arc of the crushing roller 4. The sliding plate 6 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first slide groove 403 through the tension spring 8. A cooling chamber 401 is opened inside the crushing roller 4, and roller shafts 402 are fixedly provided at both ends of the crushing roller 4. The crushing roller 4 is rotatably installed in the crushing cylinder 3 through the roller shaft 402. The roller shaft 402 is hollow and is connected to the cooling chamber 401. The first chute 403 is connected to the cooling chamber 401 through the connecting hole 404. The housing 1 is provided with a water supply structure, which is connected to the cooling chamber 401 through the roller 402. The end of the crushing knife 5 close to the sliding plate 6 is fixedly mounted with a heat-conducting column 7. The heat-conducting column 7 passes through the sliding plate 6, and one end of the heat-conducting column 7 extends into the cooling chamber 401. The heat-conducting column 7 and the crushing knife 5 are an integrated structure, and the heat-conducting column 7 is made of a high thermal conductivity material.When in use, the Chinese medicine residue is put into the crushing cylinder 3 through the feeding hopper 2, and the crushing roller 4 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. When the crushing roller 4 rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing knife 5 and the sliding plate 6 overcome the pulling force of the tension spring 8 and move in the direction away from the crushing roller 4, so that the crushing knife 5 extends from the extending groove 405. The crushing roller 4 rotates while driving the crushing knife 5 to rotate, thereby crushing the Chinese medicine residue in the crushing cylinder 3. After the crushing is completed, the crushing roller 4 stops rotating. At this time, the crushing knife 5 is retracted into the first slide groove 403 under the pulling force of the tension spring 8. When the crushing knife 5 enters the first slide groove 403, the crushing knife 5 is pulled out of the first slide groove 403. During the chute 403, the Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing blade 5 is scraped off through the extension groove 405 to reduce the amount of Chinese medicine residue remaining on the crushing blade 5. The valve assembly is then opened to discharge the crushed Chinese medicine residue. At the same time, when the device is in use, cooling water is input into the cooling chamber 401 through the water supply structure and roller 402. The heat from the crushing blade 5 is transferred to the heat-conducting column 7. The heat-conducting column 7 extends into the cooling chamber 401. The cooling water absorbs the heat from the heat-conducting column 7, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat-conducting column 7 and the crushing blade 5, thereby preventing the increase in blade temperature from causing degradation or loss of heat-sensitive components in the Chinese medicine residue.

[0037] In this embodiment, preferably, the water supply structure includes a connecting tube 23 and a first mounting bracket 24, the first mounting bracket 24 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell 1, the connecting tube 23 is fixedly mounted on the first mounting bracket 24, one end of the roller shaft 402 extends into the connecting tube 23, and the roller shaft 402 rotates with the connecting tube 23, and the connection between the roller shaft 402 and the connecting tube 23 is subjected to a rotational sealing treatment, and the end of the connecting tube 23 away from the shell 1 is connected and provided with a connecting port 25; during installation, the two connecting ports 25 are connected to the water pipes, one of which is responsible for the input of cooling water, and the other is responsible for the output of cooling water. When in use, the cooling water is input from one of the connecting ports 25, enters the cooling chamber 401 through the roller shaft 402, and is then discharged through the other roller shaft 402 and the connecting port 25. The cooling water takes away the heat generated by the crushing knife 5 and the crushing roller 4 during operation in the cooling chamber 401, thereby reducing the temperature of the working environment and realizing low-temperature crushing.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving mechanism includes a second mounting frame 26, a motor 27, a driving wheel 28, a driven wheel 30 and a transmission belt 29. The second mounting frame 26 is fixedly mounted on one side of the housing 1, and the motor 27 is fixedly mounted on the second mounting frame 26. The output end of the motor 27 is fixedly sleeved with a driving wheel 28, and the driven wheel 30 is fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft 402 located above the driving wheel 28, and the driving wheel 28 and the driven wheel 30 are connected by a transmission belt 29. When in use, the driving wheel 28 is driven to rotate by the motor 27, and when the driving wheel 28 rotates, the driven wheel 30 is driven to rotate through the transmission belt 29. When the driven wheel 30 rotates, it drives the roller shaft 402 to rotate, thereby driving the crushing roller 4 to rotate.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, the valve assembly includes a sealing plate 18 and a rotating shaft 19, and a window matching the valve plate is opened at the bottom of the pulverizing cylinder 3, and the sealing plate 18 is rotatably installed in the window at the bottom of the pulverizing cylinder 3, and the rotating shaft 19 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the sealing plate 18, and the rotating shaft 19 is rotatably installed inside the shell 1; one end of the rotating shaft 19 extends out of the shell 1, and a gear 20 is fixedly installed on the end of the rotating shaft 19 extending out of the shell 1, and a cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the shell 1, and a rack 21 is fixedly installed on the output end of the cylinder 22, and the gear 20 is meshed with the rack 21; the output end of the cylinder 22 can drive the rack 21 to move up and down, and when the rack 21 moves up and down, it drives the gear 20 to rotate, and when the gear 20 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 19 to rotate, thereby driving the sealing plate 18 to rotate, so that the sealing plate 18 is opened or closed.

[0040] In this embodiment, preferably, a scraper portion 1801 is provided on one side of the sealing plate 18. When the sealing plate 18 is opened, the scraper portion 1801 rotates upward and fits against the outer wall of the crushing roller 4; when discharging, the sealing plate 18 rotates downward to open, and the scraper portion 1801 rotates upward and fits against the outer wall of the crushing roller 4, and then the crushing roller 4 is controlled to rotate slowly so that the crushing knife 5 does not extend from the extension groove 405, so that when the crushing roller 4 rotates, the scraper portion 1801 can scrape off the outer wall of the crushing roller 4 and the end of the crushing knife 5, thereby reducing the residual Chinese medicine residue on the crushing roller 4, so as to facilitate subsequent crushing and cleaning of the crushing roller 4 in the later stage, and cleverly utilize the rotation of the sealing plate 18 to make the scraper portion 1801 fit against the crushing roller 4 for cleaning, thereby improving the convenience of cleaning.

[0041] In this embodiment, preferably, a T-shaped flow channel 407 is provided between two adjacent first chutes 403, one end of the T-shaped flow channel 407 is connected to the cooling chamber 401, and the other two ends of the T-shaped flow channel 407 are connected to the first chutes 403 on both sides thereof; a sealing gasket is provided on the side of the sliding plate 6 close to the extending groove 405, so that when the crushing knife 5 is extended from the extending groove 405, the sealing gasket seals the end of the extending groove 405 to prevent cooling water from seeping out of the extending groove 405 to improve the sealing performance, and the outer peripheral wall of the sliding plate 6 is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the first chute 403. The setting of the T-shaped flow channel 407 enables the cooling water in the cooling chamber 401 to enter the first chute 403 through the T-shaped flow channel 407, so that when the crushing knife 5 is retracted in the first chute 403, the cooling water can directly contact the crushing knife 5, thereby better cooling the crushing knife 5.

[0042] After the device has been used for a long time, if some of the tension springs 8 fatigue and the tension force decreases, it will make it difficult for the crushing knife 5 to retract into the first slide groove 403, thereby affecting subsequent use. At this time, the tension spring 8 needs to be replaced. Since a large number of tension springs 8 are used, it is more troublesome to replace the tension spring 8 later. In order to solve this problem, the following embodiment is provided.

[0043] See also Figure 7 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 In the embodiment of the present invention, an annular groove 409 is provided at both ends of the cooling chamber 401, and a linkage disk 10 is rotatably installed inside the annular groove 409. A plurality of inclined guide grooves 1001 are provided on the linkage disk 10, and the plurality of inclined guide grooves 1001 are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk 10 as the array center. A through hole 1002 is provided in the middle of the linkage disk 10 so that cooling water can flow through the through hole 1002. A plurality of linkage plates 9 are provided between the two linkage disks 10, and the plurality of linkage plates 9 are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk 10 as the array center. A limiting column 11 is rotatably installed at both ends of the linkage plate 9, and the limiting column 11 is arranged in the inclined guide groove 1001. One end of the heat-conducting column 7 is fixedly connected to the linkage plate 9; when the heat-conducting column 7 moves, the heat-conducting column 7 drives the linkage plate 9 to move, and the linkage plate 9 is connected to multiple heat-conducting columns 7, so that the multiple heat-conducting columns 7 connected to the linkage plate 9 move synchronously, and the limiting column 11 at the end of the linkage plate 9 is located in the inclined guide groove 1001, so that when the linkage plate 9 moves, it drives the linkage disk 10 to rotate, and then the other multiple linkage plates 9 move synchronously, so that all the heat-conducting columns 7 move synchronously and equidistantly. Therefore, even if one of the tension springs 8 is fatigue-damaged, the force of the other tension springs 8 can also drive the sliding disk 6 connected to the tension spring 8 to move. When a small number of tension springs 8 are fatigue-damaged, there is no need to repair or replace them, which significantly reduces the maintenance frequency.

[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, a mounting groove 408 is opened on one side of the crushing roller 4, and a scraper 13 is slidably mounted in the mounting groove 408. A second slide groove 410 is provided on one side of the two annular grooves 409. A slide post 14 is slidably mounted in the second slide groove 410. The slide post 14 is fixedly connected to the scraper 13. A spring 15 is provided in the second slide groove 410. The slide post 14 is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the second slide groove 410 through the spring 15. A rope pulley 12 is fixedly sleeved on the linkage disk 10, and a traction rope 16 is fixedly connected to the rope pulley 12. One end of the traction rope 16 extends into the second slide groove 410 and is fixedly connected to the slide post 14; when the crushing knife 5 is retracted in the first slide groove 403, the scraper 13 partially extends out of the mounting groove 408. At this time, the scraper 13 contacts the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3, and the crushing roller 4 rotates slowly to crush the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3. The Chinese medicine residue is scraped off to reduce the residual Chinese medicine residue on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3, so as to facilitate subsequent use and cleaning. Moreover, since the scraper 13 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the second slide groove 410 through the sliding column 14 and the spring 15, when the scraper 13 passes over the scraping portion 1801 of the sealing plate 18, the scraper 13 can shrink into the mounting groove 408 under the action of pressure. When the crushing roller 4 rotates at high speed, the outward extension of the crushing knife 5 can drive the linkage plate 9 to move outward through the heat conducting column 7. When the linkage plate 9 moves outward, it drives the linkage disk 10 to rotate through the limiting column 11, thereby driving the rope pulley 12 to rotate, so that the traction rope 16 pulls the sliding column 14 to move, thereby pulling the scraper 13 to move into the mounting groove 408 to prevent the scraper 13 from affecting the crushing process. The power of the rotation of the linkage disk 10 is cleverly used to drive the scraper 13 to move, so that the scraper 13 can reasonably expand and contract, and the synchronization is good.

[0045] The present invention also discloses a pulverizing method of a low-temperature pulverizing device for traditional Chinese medicine residues, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1. The Chinese medicinal residue is fed into the pulverizing drum 3 through the feeding hopper 2, and the pulverizing roller 4 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. When the pulverizing roller 4 rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the pulverizing blade 5 and the sliding plate 6 overcome the tension of the tension spring 8 and move in a direction away from the pulverizing roller 4, causing the pulverizing blade 5 to extend from the extension slot 405. The rotation of the pulverizing roller 4 simultaneously drives the pulverizing blade 5 to rotate, thereby pulverizing the Chinese medicinal residue in the pulverizing drum 3;

[0047] S2. After the crushing is completed, the crushing roller 4 stops rotating. At this time, the crushing blade 5 retracts into the first chute 403 under the tension of the tension spring 8. During the process of the crushing blade 5 entering the first chute 403, the Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing blade 5 is scraped off through the extension groove 405. Then, the valve assembly is opened to discharge the crushed Chinese medicine residue.

[0048] S3. At the same time, when the device is in use, cooling water is input into the cooling chamber 401 through the water supply structure and the roller 402. The heat on the crushing blade 5 is transferred to the heat-conducting column 7. The heat-conducting column 7 extends into the cooling chamber 401. The cooling water absorbs the heat of the heat-conducting column 7, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat-conducting column 7 and the crushing blade 5.

[0049] Working principle: When in use, cooling water is input from one of the connection ports 25, enters the cooling chamber 401 through the roller shaft 402, and then is discharged through the other roller shaft 402 and the connection port 25. The cooling water in the cooling chamber 401 takes away the heat generated by the pulverizing blade 5 and the pulverizing roller 4 during operation, thereby reducing the temperature of the working environment and achieving low-temperature pulverization;

[0050] When the granulating roller 4 is rotated, the granulating blade 5 and the sliding plate 6 overcome the pulling force of the tension spring 8 and move in a direction away from the granulating roller 4, so that the granulating blade 5 extends out of the extension groove 405. When the granulating roller 4 rotates, the granulating blade 5 is driven by the granulating blade 5 to rotate, thereby crushing the granulating blade 5 in the granulating cylinder 3. After the granulating is completed, the granulating roller 4 stops rotating. At this time, the granulating blade 5 is retracted into the first chute 403 under the pulling force of the tension spring 8. In the process of the granulating blade 5 entering the first chute 403, the granulating blade 5 attached to the granulating blade 5 is scraped off through the extension groove 405 to reduce the residual granulating blade 5 on the granulating blade 5. Then, the output end of the cylinder 22 drives the rack 21 to move downward. When the rack 21 moves downward, it drives the gear 20 to rotate. When the gear 20 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 19 to rotate, thereby driving the sealing plate 18 to rotate, so that the sealing plate 18 is opened for discharging.

[0051] During the discharging process, the crushing roller 4 is controlled to rotate slowly to ensure that the end of the crushing knife 5 does not extend out of the extension groove 405. When the sealing plate 18 is rotated downward to open, the scraping portion 1801 rotates upward to fit the outer wall of the crushing roller 4, so that when the crushing roller 4 rotates, the scraping portion 1801 can scrape off the Chinese medicine residue on the outer wall of the crushing roller 4 and the end of the crushing knife 5, thereby reducing the residual Chinese medicine residue on the crushing roller 4, so as to facilitate subsequent crushing and cleaning of the crushing roller 4 at a later stage;

[0052] When the heat-conducting column 7 moves, the heat-conducting column 7 drives the linkage plate 9 to move, and the linkage plate 9 is connected to multiple heat-conducting columns 7, so that the multiple heat-conducting columns 7 connected to the linkage plate 9 move synchronously, and the limiting column 11 at the end of the linkage plate 9 is located in the inclined guide groove 1001, so that when the linkage plate 9 moves, it drives the linkage disk 10 to rotate, and then the other multiple linkage plates 9 move synchronously, so that all the heat-conducting columns 7 move synchronously and equidistantly. Therefore, even if one of the tension springs 8 is fatigued and damaged, the force of the other tension springs 8 can also drive the sliding disk 6 connected to the tension spring 8 to move. When a small number of tension springs 8 are fatigued and damaged, there is no need to repair or replace them, which significantly reduces the maintenance frequency.

[0053] When the crushing blade 5 is retracted in the first chute 403, the scraper 13 partially extends out of the mounting groove 408. At this time, the scraper 13 contacts the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3. The crushing roller 4 rotates slowly to scrape off the Chinese medicine residue on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3, so as to reduce the residual Chinese medicine residue on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 3, so as to facilitate subsequent use and cleaning. In addition, since the scraper 13 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the second chute 410 through the sliding column 14 and the spring 15, the scraper 13 is able to move from the scraping portion 1801 of the sealing plate 18 to the scraping portion 1801 of the sealing plate 18. When the crushing roller 4 passes upward, the scraper 13 can be retracted into the mounting groove 408 under the action of pressure. When the crushing roller 4 rotates at high speed, the outward extension of the crushing knife 5 can drive the linkage plate 9 to move outward through the heat-conducting column 7. When the linkage plate 9 moves outward, it drives the linkage disk 10 to rotate through the limit column 11, thereby driving the rope pulley 12 to rotate, so that the traction rope 16 pulls the sliding column 14 to move, thereby pulling the scraper 13 to move into the mounting groove 408, so as to prevent the scraper 13 from affecting the crushing process.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature pulverizing device for Chinese medicinal residues, comprising a housing (1), a pulverizing drum (3) arranged on the top of the housing (1), a pulverizing roller (4) arranged inside the pulverizing drum (3), and a driving mechanism for driving the pulverizing roller (4) to rotate, wherein a feeding hopper (2) is arranged at the top of the housing (1), and a valve assembly is arranged at the bottom of the pulverizing drum (3), characterized in that: The crushing roller (4) is provided with a plurality of crushing knives (5), and the outer peripheral wall of the crushing roller (4) is provided with a plurality of extension grooves (405). The crushing knives (5) are slidably provided in the extension grooves (405), and the inner side of the extension groove (405) is connected to a first slide groove (403). A sliding plate (6) is slidably installed in the first slide groove (403). One end of the crushing knives (5) is fixedly connected to the slide plate (6), and the slide plate (6) is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the first slide groove (403) through a tension spring (8). A cooling chamber (401) is provided inside the crushing roller (4). Both ends of the crushing roller (4) are fixedly provided with roller shafts (402), the roller shafts (402) are hollow and communicate with the cooling chamber (401), the first chute (403) is communicated with the cooling chamber (401) through the connecting hole (404), a water supply structure is provided on the shell (1), and the water supply structure is communicated with the cooling chamber (401) through the roller shafts (402), and a heat-conducting column (7) is fixedly installed at one end of the crushing knife (5) close to the sliding plate (6), the heat-conducting column (7) passes through the sliding plate (6), and one end of the heat-conducting column (7) extends into the cooling chamber (401); Both ends of the cooling chamber (401) are provided with an annular groove (409), and a linkage disk (10) is rotatably installed inside the annular groove (409). The linkage disk (10) is provided with a plurality of inclined guide grooves (1001), and the plurality of inclined guide grooves (1001) are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk (10) as the array center. A plurality of linkage plates (9) are provided between two linkage disks (10), and the plurality of linkage plates (9) are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the linkage disk (10) as the array center. Limiting columns (11) are rotatably installed at both ends of the linkage plate (9), and the limiting columns (11) are provided in the inclined guide groove (1001). One end of the heat-conducting column (7) is fixedly connected to the linkage plate (9); A mounting groove (408) is provided on one side of the crushing roller (4), a scraper (13) is slidably mounted in the mounting groove (408), a second slide groove (410) is provided on one side of each of the two annular grooves (409), a slide column (14) is slidably mounted in the second slide groove (410), the slide column (14) is fixedly connected to the scraper (13), a spring (15) is provided in the second slide groove (410), the slide column (14) is elastically connected to the inner side wall of the second slide groove (410) through the spring (15), a rope wheel (12) is fixedly mounted on the linkage disk (10), a traction rope (16) is fixedly connected to the rope wheel (12), one end of the traction rope (16) extends into the second slide groove (410) and is fixedly connected to the slide column (14).

2. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve assembly comprises a sealing plate (18) and a rotating shaft (19); a window matching the sealing plate (18) is provided at the bottom of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the sealing plate (18) is rotatably mounted in the window at the bottom of the pulverizing cylinder (3); the rotating shaft (19) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the sealing plate (18), and the rotating shaft (19) is rotatably mounted inside the housing (1).

3. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft (19) extends out of the housing (1), and a gear (20) is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft (19) extending out of the housing (1). A cylinder (22) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the housing (1), and a rack (21) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder (22). The gear (20) is meshed with the rack (21).

4. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 2, characterized in that: A scraping portion (1801) is provided on one side of the sealing plate (18); when the sealing plate (18) is opened, the scraping portion (1801) rotates upward and fits against the outer wall of the crushing roller (4).

5. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery structure comprises a connecting cylinder (23) and a first mounting frame (24); the first mounting frame (24) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the shell (1); the connecting cylinder (23) is fixedly mounted on the first mounting frame (24); one end of the roller shaft (402) extends into the connecting cylinder (23), and the roller shaft (402) and the connecting cylinder (23) are rotatably engaged; and the end of the connecting cylinder (23) away from the shell (1) is connected to the connecting port (25).

6. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a second mounting frame (26), a motor (27), a driving wheel (28), a driven wheel (30) and a transmission belt (29), wherein the second mounting frame (26) is fixedly mounted on one side of the housing (1), the motor (27) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting frame (26), the output end of the motor (27) is fixedly sleeved with the driving wheel (28), the driven wheel (30) is fixedly sleeved on a roller (402) located above the driving wheel (28), and the driving wheel (28) and the driven wheel (30) are connected by transmission through the transmission belt (29).

7. The low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: A T-shaped flow channel (407) is provided between two adjacent first chutes (403), one end of the T-shaped flow channel (407) is connected to the cooling chamber (401), and the other two ends of the T-shaped flow channel (407) are connected to the first chutes (403) on both sides thereof.

8. A method for crushing Chinese medicine residues using the low-temperature crushing equipment for Chinese medicine residues according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The Chinese medicine residue is fed into the crushing drum (3) through the feeding hopper (2), and the crushing roller (4) is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism. When the crushing roller (4) rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the crushing knife (5) and the sliding plate (6) overcome the tension of the tension spring (8) and move in a direction away from the crushing roller (4), so that the crushing knife (5) extends from the extension groove (405). The crushing roller (4) rotates and drives the crushing knife (5) to rotate, thereby crushing the Chinese medicine residue in the crushing drum (3); S2. After the crushing is completed, the crushing roller (4) stops rotating, and the crushing knife (5) is retracted into the first chute (403) under the tension of the tension spring (8). In the process of the crushing knife (5) entering the first chute (403), the Chinese medicine residue attached to the crushing knife (5) is scraped off through the extension groove (405), and then the valve assembly is opened to discharge the crushed Chinese medicine residue; S3. When the device is in use, cooling water is input into the cooling chamber (401) through the water supply structure and the roller (402), and the heat on the crushing knife (5) is transferred to the heat-conducting column (7). The heat-conducting column (7) extends into the cooling chamber (401), and the cooling water absorbs the heat of the heat-conducting column (7), thereby reducing the temperature of the heat-conducting column (7) and the crushing knife (5).

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