A deformation control device and method for additive manufacturing process of high-temperature alloy components

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for controlling deformation in the additive manufacturing process of a high-temperature alloy component, which relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloys, including a laser welding device, including: a turntable and a bulging tool, the laser welding device is fixed on a mechanical arm; a temperature control tool, a side clamp and an upper clamp are arranged in sequence from bottom to top above the turntable, and a heating wire is arranged inside the temperature control tool; the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the bulging tool is higher than that of the temperature control tool, the side clamp, the upper clamp and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, the melting point of the bulging tool is lower than that of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is provided with a sheet metal hole, and the wall thickness of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is not more than 1mm. The present application rotates the workpiece to be welded and the tool by a turntable, keeps the laser welding device relatively still during the welding process, and is positioned by the bulging tool inside, the bulging tool is heated and expanded during the welding process, fixes the workpiece to be welded, and melts and flows out after the welding is completed, so as to realize the deformation control of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy additive manufacturing, and more specifically, to a deformation control device and method for the additive manufacturing process of a high-temperature alloy component. Background Art

[0002] The cabin of the equipment is manufactured using GH4099 alloy for additive manufacturing. The surface accuracy of the structural parts is high. The existing technology is prone to shrinkage, inclusions, cold shut and other defects in casting. If forgings are machined, die forging requires a large-tonnage press, and the high temperature sharply shortens the life of components such as molds and workbenches, greatly increasing the manufacturing cost of a single piece. For GH4099 alloy, an expensive metal material with high mechanical properties, tool wear is serious, machining is difficult and the cycle is long, and the material utilization rate is low, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost. Traditional manufacturing technology is difficult to complete the manufacturing of such structural parts efficiently and at low cost.

[0003] The existing welding technology solutions for alloy thin-walled structural parts are:

[0004] (1) A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN106271060A, a method for laser welding of a thin-walled tantalum tube and a thin-walled iron-nickel alloy tube, discloses: 1. removing burrs from the thin-walled tantalum tube and the thin-walled iron-nickel alloy tube under a microscope, grinding and polishing, and then ultrasonically cleaning; 2. assembling before welding to obtain an assembly; 3. placing the assembly in a welding chamber of a laser device, aligning a laser generator with the welding hole so that the laser beam it emits can reach the to-be-welded parts of the thin-walled tantalum tube and the thin-walled iron-nickel alloy tube, installing a chuck on a lathe, and then closing the welding chamber, filling in an inert protective gas through an air inlet pipe, rotating the rotating shaft of the lathe while emitting a laser beam to obtain a welding structure of the thin-walled tantalum tube and the thin-walled iron-nickel alloy tube.

[0005] (2) Chinese invention patent with publication number CN116275517A, a laser welding device and method for complex-shaped titanium alloy thin-walled parts, comprising: a support block, a pressure block and a back protection air pipe; wherein the inner wall of the support block is shaped to match the shape of the titanium alloy thin-walled part to be welded, and is used to support the titanium alloy thin-walled part to be welded; the pressure block is arranged above the titanium alloy thin-walled part to be welded and is tightly attached to its upper surface, and the pressure block is fixedly connected to the support block to clamp the titanium alloy thin-walled part to be welded; the back protection air pipe is placed on the support block at a corresponding position directly below the weld of the titanium alloy thin-walled part to be welded, and the back protection air pipe is used to transport protective gas to the weld during welding.

[0006] In summary, it can be seen that the existing technology can realize additive manufacturing of complex thin-walled structural parts, but no suitable support structure is provided inside the workpiece to be processed during the processing, resulting in unsatisfactory constraints in the welding process, and the product is prone to defects such as deformation and dents, which cannot meet the welding requirements of hollow thin-walled components. Summary of the invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is a deformation control device for the additive manufacturing process of high-temperature alloy components, including a laser welding device, including: a turntable and a bulging tool, the laser welding device is fixed on a robotic arm; a temperature control tool, a side clamp and an upper clamp are arranged in sequence from bottom to top above the turntable, and a heating wire is arranged inside the temperature control tool; the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the bulging tool is higher than that of the temperature control tool, the side clamp, the upper clamp and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, the melting point of the bulging tool is lower than that of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is provided with sheet metal holes, and the wall thickness of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is not more than 1 mm.

[0008] Optionally, a swivel joint and a water-cooling channel pipe are provided at the center of the turntable, an internal cooling channel is provided inside the expansion tooling, the expansion tooling is provided with a water-cooling interface that passes through the internal cooling channel and the upper surface of the expansion tooling, the water-cooling channel pipe passes through the sheet metal hole, and is sealed and connected with the internal cooling channel through the water-cooling interface to form a water-cooling circulation passage.

[0009] Optionally, the laser welding device is a fiber laser with a power of 1200W-1500W. The laser welding device is provided with an automatic wire feeding mechanism and an argon gas protection jet nozzle. The welding wire material used by the laser welding device is a nickel alloy with a grade of GH4099.

[0010] Optionally, the expansion tooling has an air insulation structure reserved at the weld of the workpiece to be welded, and the air insulation structure is a plane away from the weld, and the distance between the edge of the plane and the weld is more than 500% of the thickness of the workpiece to be welded.

[0011] Optionally, the material of the expansion tooling is aluminum alloy, and the melting point of the expansion tooling is lower than the melting point of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, and the melting point temperature difference is 700°C-800°C.

[0012] Optionally, within the temperature range of 25°C-300°C, the linear expansion coefficient of the expansion tooling material is more than 160% of the linear expansion coefficient of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component.

[0013] The present application also provides a method for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component, which is characterized by using any of the above-mentioned devices for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component for manufacturing.

[0014] Optionally, the following steps are included:

[0015] S1: Load the bottom plate and side wall of the parts to be welded into the temperature-controlled fixture and side fixture;

[0016] S2: Adjust the position of the laser welding device to weld the bottom plate and the side wall;

[0017] S3: Load the bulging tooling and the top plate of the part to be welded, align the sheet metal hole of the top plate with the water cooling interface of the bulging tooling, insert the water cooling channel pipe, and load the upper fixture to fix the top plate;

[0018] S4: heating is performed through the temperature control tooling, and water circulation inside the expansion tooling is started through the water cooling channel pipe;

[0019] S5: welding the top plate and side plate of the workpiece to be welded, and rotating the turntable during the welding process;

[0020] S6: After the top plate and side plate are welded, the water inside the expansion tooling is drained, the upper fixture and the water-cooling channel pipe are removed, and the welded GH4099 hollow thin-walled components are removed for heat treatment.

[0021] Optionally, the heat treatment in step S6 includes turning the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component upside down, clamping the side wall of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, and performing the heat treatment at a temperature of 750°C-760°C for 8-9 hours, and rotating horizontally for 0.5-1 hour during the heat treatment process to melt the bulging tooling and flow out of the sheet metal hole.

[0022] Optionally, the heating in step S4 includes heating at a temperature of 260-280° C. by a temperature control tool.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the deformation control device and method for the additive manufacturing process of a high-temperature alloy component provided in this application are:

[0024] 1. The workpiece to be welded and the tooling are rotated by the turntable to keep the laser welding device relatively still during the welding process. The workpiece to be welded is externally fixed by the side clamp, upper clamp and temperature control tooling during the welding process, and the expansion tooling is used to position the workpiece internally. The expansion tooling expands due to heat during the welding process to fix the workpiece to be welded. After the welding is completed, it melts and flows out. During the welding process, it provides sufficient support for the workpiece to be welded, and realizes the deformation control of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled components;

[0025] 2. For additively manufactured high-temperature alloy products with thin-walled hollow sandwich structures with a thin-walled area thickness of ≤1mm, while ensuring welding quality, the welding heat input is minimized, the amount of welding wire filling is reduced, and welding deformation is reduced. The additive manufacturing method of the present invention can achieve high-quality production for additively manufactured high-temperature alloy products with high precision, small wall thickness, and easy-to-deform products, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of high-precision thin-walled high-temperature alloy products. The tensile strength test of the high-temperature alloy product additively manufactured by the present invention shows that the room temperature strength reaches 1100MPa, the high-temperature strength at 700℃ reaches 630MPa, and the high-temperature strength at 900℃ reaches 380MPa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the axial side of the deformation control device for the additive manufacturing process of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of a GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a deformation control device for the additive manufacturing process of a GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 It is an axonometric diagram of the expansion tooling provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the local area A;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the deformation control device for the additive manufacturing process of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of B;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in the embodiment of the present application (without welding the top plate);

[0036] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the mechanical properties test of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of local C.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals: 1-laser welding device; 2-mechanical arm; 3-temperature control tooling; 4-GH4099 hollow thin-walled component; 401-middle ring; 402-bottom plate; 403-round table plate; 404-outer wall; 405-inner top plate; 406-outer top plate; 407-inner top plate sheet metal hole; 408-outer top plate sheet metal hole; 409-top plate weld; 410-round table plate weld; 411-outer wall weld; 5-side fixture; 6-outer upper fixture; 7 -Inner upper fixture; 8-water cooling channel tube; 801-outer water cooling channel tube; 802-inner water cooling channel tube; 803-swivel joint; 9. Outer expansion tooling; 901-inner cooling channel of outer expansion tooling; 902-chamfer of outer expansion tooling; 10-inner expansion tooling; 1001-inner cooling channel of inner expansion tooling; 1002-chamfer of inner expansion tooling; 1003-expansion contact surface; 1004-water cooling interface; 11-turntable; 12-test tooling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a deformation control device for the additive manufacturing process of a high-temperature alloy component comprises: a laser welding device 1, a turntable 11 and a bulging tool. In this embodiment, the bulging tool comprises an outer bulging tool 9 and an inner bulging tool 10. The laser welding device 1 is fixed on a robot arm 2, and the robot arm 2 provides vertical, tilting and radial freedom of movement relative to the turntable 11, and can adjust its up and down position, angle and front and back position toward the turntable 11, so that the laser welding device 1 can be aligned with the position to be welded during welding; a temperature control tool 3, a side clamp 5 and an upper clamp are arranged in sequence from bottom to top above the turntable 11. In this embodiment, the upper clamp comprises an outer upper clamp 6 and an inner upper clamp 7. The GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4 is fixed by the side clamp 5 and the upper clamp The temperature control tooling 3 is provided with a heating wire inside, which has a heating function, and a temperature sensor is provided on its upper surface to detect the temperature of the upper surface of the temperature control tooling 3 in real time to control the output power; the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the expansion tooling is higher than that of the temperature control tooling 3, the side clamp 5, the outer upper clamp 6, the inner upper clamp 7 and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4, the melting points of the outer expansion tooling 9 and the inner expansion tooling 10 are lower than the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4, and the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4 is provided with sheet metal holes. In this embodiment, the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4 includes an inner top plate 405 and an outer top plate 406, the inner top plate 405 is provided with an inner top plate sheet metal hole 407, and the outer top plate 406 is provided with an outer top plate sheet metal hole 408.

[0041] The standard based on which the GH4099 high-temperature alloy referred to in this embodiment is GB / T 14992-2005 "Classification and Designation of High-temperature Alloys and Intermetallic Compound High-temperature Materials", indicates a nickel-based aging-strengthened alloy originally labeled GH99, wherein "high-temperature alloy" is a common technical term in the industry, referring to a type of metal material based on iron, nickel, and cobalt that can work for a long time at high temperatures above 600°C and under certain stresses.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in another embodiment of the present application, a swivel joint 803 and a water-cooling channel tube 8 are provided at the center of the turntable 11. The swivel joint 803 is used to continuously supply water to the water-cooling channel tube 8 during the rotation of the turntable 11. Adapting to the design of this embodiment, two groups of water-cooling channel tubes 8 are provided, including an outer water-cooling channel tube 801 and an inner water-cooling channel tube 802. An internal cooling channel is provided inside the expansion tooling, an outer expansion tooling internal cooling channel 901 is provided inside the outer expansion tooling 9, and an inner expansion tooling internal cooling channel 1001 is provided inside the inner expansion tooling 10. The expansion tooling is provided with a water-cooling interface 1004 that passes through the internal cooling channel and the upper surface of the expansion tooling. The water-cooling channel tube 8 passes through the sheet metal hole and is sealed and connected to the internal cooling channel through the water-cooling interface 1004 to form a water-cooling circulation passage.

[0043] During the welding process, the laser welding device 1 generates a large amount of heat when working, thereby melting the welding wire. In order to prevent the heat generated when heating the expansion tooling and the bottom plate and outer wall of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component from affecting the temperature control of the laser welding device, cooling and temperature control are performed through an internal cooling channel arranged inside the expansion tooling.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in another embodiment of the present application, the laser welding device 1 is a fiber laser with a power of 1200W-1500W. The laser welding device is provided with an automatic wire feeding mechanism and an argon protection jet nozzle, and is equipped with automatic wire feeding and argon protection functions. The welding wire material is a nickel alloy with a grade of GH4099.

[0045] like Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, in another embodiment of the present application, the expansion tooling reserves an air insulation structure at the weld of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component. The air insulation structure is a plane away from the weld. The distance between the edge of the plane and the weld is more than 500% of the thickness of the part to be welded. The wall thickness of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is not more than 1 mm.

[0046] In this embodiment, the outer bulging tooling 9 forms an outer bulging tooling chamfer 902 at the junction of its top surface and the side surface, and the inner bulging tooling 10 forms an inner bulging tooling chamfer 1002 at the junction of its top surface and the side surface. The chamfer forms an air insulation structure between the bulging tooling and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, so that a temperature gradient with a decreasing temperature is formed between the laser welding molten pool, the part of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component adjacent to the molten pool, the air insulation structure and the bulging tooling, so as to avoid excessive welding stress caused by the welding molten pool cooling too fast, thereby avoiding the formation of microcracks, and avoiding the internal weld to prevent the bulging tooling from melting due to heat and mixing with the molten pool at the welding position, and also avoiding deformation caused by squeezing the internal weld, where the weld refers to the weld between the top plate and the frustum plate 403. The bulging tooling contains a plurality of bulging contact surfaces 1003, which are used to contact the inner surface of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component for positioning and shaping.

[0047] The frustum plate 403 contains a frustum plate weld 410, and the outer wall 404 contains an outer wall weld 411. The welds at this position are generated before the use of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component additive manufacturing process deformation control device provided in this application. The welds at these two positions are polished and smoothed before welding. The top plate weld 409 between the frustum plate 403 and the inner top plate 405 and the outer top plate 406 is generated when the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component additive manufacturing process deformation control device provided in this application is used. Therefore, the expansion tooling is provided with an air insulation structure to avoid direct contact with the weld position. Similar welds include welds between the middle ring 401, the bottom plate 402, the frustum plate 403, the outer wall 404, the inner top plate 405 and the outer top plate 406. The positions of the expansion tooling adjacent to these welds are all provided with chamfers of the same size.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present application, the material of the bulging tooling is an aluminum alloy, whose melting point is lower than the melting point of the material of the welded part, and the melting point temperature difference is 700°C-900°C. In this embodiment, the material of the bulging tooling is an aluminum alloy with a grade of 4047, and a melting point of 577-582°C. The melting point of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is 1345-1390°C. The use of an aluminum alloy with a melting point temperature difference of 700°C-800°C with the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component as the bulging tooling is conducive to fully melting the internal bulging tooling during the heat treatment process, so that it can flow out smoothly, and leaving sufficient heat treatment process to adjust the temperature range. As a feasible alternative, the material of the bulging tooling can be an aluminum alloy with a grade of 4045, and its melting point is 574-599°C.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present application, within the temperature range of 25°C-300°C, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the expansion tooling is more than 160% of the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the welded part. In this embodiment, the material of the expansion tooling is aluminum alloy with a grade of 4047 and a linear expansion coefficient of 21.6×10 -6 / ℃, the linear expansion coefficient of GH4099 hollow thin-walled components is 12.8×10 -6 / ℃, the linear expansion coefficient of 4047 aluminum alloy is 168.8% of the linear expansion coefficient of GH4099 hollow thin-walled components. Before welding the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled components, the expansion tooling with the same internal size and shape as the parts to be welded is loaded into the space formed by the bottom plate and outer wall of the parts to be welded. During operation, the bottom plate, outer wall and expansion tooling are heated by the temperature control tooling 3. The thermal expansion of the expansion tooling is greater than the thermal expansion of the parts to be welded, thereby forming an interference fit and controlling the deformation of the parts to be welded during the welding process, thereby reducing welding stress and welding defects such as cracks and pores, thereby improving the quality and performance of the welded joint. As a feasible alternative, the material of the expansion tooling can be 4045 aluminum alloy, whose linear expansion coefficient is 21.2×10 -6 / ℃, the linear expansion coefficient of 4045 aluminum alloy is 165.6% of the linear expansion coefficient of GH4099 hollow thin-walled components.

[0050] The present application also provides a method for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component, which is manufactured using any of the aforementioned devices for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component.

[0051] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, optionally, the following steps are included:

[0052] S1: Load the bottom plate 402 and the side wall of the part to be welded into the temperature control tooling 3 and the side fixture 5; in this embodiment, the side wall includes an inner middle ring 401 and an outer side wall 404.

[0053] S2: Adjust the position of the laser welding device to weld the bottom plate 402 and the side wall.

[0054] S3: Load the expansion tooling and the top plate of the part to be welded, align the sheet metal holes of the top plate with the water cooling interface 1004 of the expansion tooling, insert the water cooling channel tube, and load the upper fixture to fix the top plate; in this embodiment, first load the inner expansion tooling 10 and the frustum plate 403, weld the frustum plate 403 and the bottom plate 402, and then load the outer expansion tooling 9, the inner top plate 405 and the outer top plate 406, and finally use the outer upper fixture 6 to fix the outer top plate 406, and use the inner upper fixture 7 to fix the inner top plate 405.

[0055] S4: Heating is performed through the temperature control tooling 3, and water circulation inside the expansion tooling is started through the water-cooling channel tubes. In this embodiment, a group of inner water-cooling channel tubes 802 implement water circulation for the inner expansion tooling 10, and a group of outer water-cooling channel tubes 801 implement water circulation for the outer expansion tooling 9.

[0056] S5: welding the top plate and the side plate of the workpiece to be welded, and rotating the turntable 11 during the welding process.

[0057] S6: After the top plate and side plate are welded, the water inside the expansion tooling is drained, the upper fixture and the water-cooling channel pipe are removed, and the welded GH4099 hollow thin-walled components are removed for heat treatment.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment of the present application, the heat treatment in step S6 includes turning the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component upside down and clamping the side wall of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component. In this embodiment, the outer wall 404 is clamped. As a feasible alternative, the intermediate ring 401 can be clamped. It is carried out at a temperature of 750℃-760℃ for 8-9 hours. During the heat treatment, it is rotated horizontally for 0.5-1 hour to melt the bulging tooling and flow out of the sheet metal hole. During the aging treatment process, the bulging tooling is melted and flows out of the sheet metal hole. Effectively eliminate welding stress and avoid cracks at the weld position.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present application, the heating in step S4 includes heating at a temperature of 260-280°C by a temperature control tool. If the heating temperature is too low, the expansion tool will not expand enough, and the inner surface of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component cannot be fully extruded, affecting the shaping effect. If the heating temperature is too high, not only will the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component expand excessively and deform, but it will also soften and deform the expansion tool, which will also affect the shaping effect. Heating at a temperature of 260-280°C can make the expansion tool and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component give full play to the effect of interference fit, achieve uniform deformation of the metal material, and reduce the correction work after welding.

[0060] like Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component 4 is fixed on the test fixture 12, and the high-temperature tensile performance test is carried out according to the GB / T 228.2-2015 standard using the NCS-R46 tensile testing machine (the tensile testing machine is provided by the Steel Research Institute Nake Testing Center). The test temperatures are room temperature, 700°C and 900°C. Before the test, the tensile specimen needs to be kept in the furnace for 15 minutes so that the temperature difference at the specimen in the furnace does not exceed ±2°C. The high-temperature tensile rate is 0.5mm / min before the end of yielding and 2.5mm / min after the end of yielding.

[0061] After testing, the weld strength at room temperature reaches 1100MPa, the high temperature strength at 700℃ reaches 630MPa, and the high temperature strength at 900℃ reaches 380MPa. The internal and external quality of the weld are tested by X-ray and fluorescence detection respectively, and the weld is free of defects.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A deformation control device for additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component, wherein the high-temperature alloy component is a GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, comprising a laser welding device, characterized in that: include: Turntable and bulging tooling, the laser welding device is fixed on the robot arm; the temperature control tooling, side clamps and upper clamps are arranged on the top of the turntable from bottom to top, and a heating wire is arranged inside the temperature control tooling; the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the bulging tooling is higher than that of the temperature control tooling, side clamps, upper clamps and GH4099 hollow thin-walled components, the melting point of the bulging tooling is lower than that of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled components, the top plate of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled components is provided with sheet metal holes, and the wall thickness of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled components is not more than 1mm; A swivel joint and a water-cooling channel pipe are provided at the center of the turntable, an internal cooling channel is provided inside the bulging tooling, the bulging tooling is provided with a water-cooling interface penetrating the internal cooling channel and the upper surface of the bulging tooling, the water-cooling channel pipe passes through the sheet metal hole, and is sealed and connected with the internal cooling channel through the water-cooling interface to form a water-cooling circulation passage; The bulging tooling is provided with an air insulation structure at the weld of the workpiece to be welded. The air insulation structure is a plane away from the weld, and the distance between the edge of the plane and the weld is more than 500% of the thickness of the workpiece to be welded. The bulging tooling includes an outer bulging tooling and an inner bulging tooling. The outer bulging tooling forms an outer bulging tooling chamfer at the junction of its top surface and the side surface, and the inner bulging tooling forms an inner bulging tooling chamfer at the junction of its top surface and the side surface. An air insulation structure is formed between the bulging tooling and the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component through the chamfer.

2. The device for controlling deformation of a high-temperature alloy component during additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding device is a fiber laser with a power of 1200W-1500W. The laser welding device is provided with an automatic wire feeding mechanism and an argon gas protection jet nozzle. The welding wire material used by the laser welding device is a nickel alloy with a grade of GH4099.

3. The device for controlling deformation of a high-temperature alloy component during additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the expansion tooling is aluminum alloy, and the melting point of the expansion tooling is lower than the melting point of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, and the melting point temperature difference is 700°C-800°C.

4. The device for controlling deformation of a high-temperature alloy component during additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the temperature range of 25°C-300°C, the linear expansion coefficient of the expansion tooling material is more than 160% of the linear expansion coefficient of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component.

5. A method for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component, using the device for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Load the bottom plate and side wall of the parts to be welded into the temperature-controlled fixture and side fixture; S2: Adjust the position of the laser welding device to weld the bottom plate and the side wall; S3: Load the bulging tooling and the top plate of the part to be welded, align the sheet metal hole of the top plate with the water cooling interface of the bulging tooling, insert the water cooling channel pipe, and load the upper fixture to fix the top plate; S4: heating is performed through the temperature control tooling, and water circulation inside the expansion tooling is started through the water cooling channel pipe; S5: welding the top plate and side plate of the workpiece to be welded, and rotating the turntable during the welding process; S6: After the top plate and the side plate are welded, the water inside the bulging tooling is drained, the upper fixture and the water-cooling channel pipe are removed, and the welded GH4099 hollow thin-walled component is removed for heat treatment.

6. The method for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat treatment in step S6 includes turning the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component upside down, clamping the side wall of the GH4099 hollow thin-walled component, and performing the heat treatment at a temperature of 750°C-760°C for 8-9 hours. During the heat treatment, it is rotated horizontally for 0.5-1 hour to melt the bulging tooling and flow out of the sheet metal hole.

7. The method for controlling deformation during additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating in step S4 includes heating at a temperature of 260-280° C. by a temperature control tool.

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