Laser engraving head assembly and laser processing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a laser engraving head assembly and a laser processing device. A laser engraving head assembly comprises: a vertical substrate, an engraving head connected to the front end surface of the vertical substrate, a cover body connected to the vertical substrate for enclosing the engraving head, the cover body comprising side panels connected to both sides of the vertical substrate, one of the side panels being provided with a light inlet, an upper cover plate connected to the upper end of the vertical substrate, and a front cover plate connected between the two side panels. The present invention protects the engraving head by providing a cover structure, preventing it from being disturbed by smoke, thereby extending the service life of the engraving head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser engraving head assembly and a laser processing device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, small laser processing devices are widely used in manual operations. During processing, the material surface needs to be vaporized, melted, burned, etc.; smoke will be generated during the processing, and the smoke contains a large number of tiny solid particles. If these tiny particles drift onto the reflective lens, focusing lens, etc. of the engraving head and adhere to them, it will affect the working environment of the engraving head and the working life of the engraving head. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a laser engraving head assembly, which has a good protective structure, can prevent or reduce the engraving head from being invaded by smoke, and effectively protect the engraving head.

[0004] A laser engraving head assembly includes: a vertical substrate, an engraving head connected to the front end surface of the vertical substrate, a cover body for protecting the engraving head connected to the vertical substrate, the cover body including side panels respectively connected to both sides of the vertical substrate, one of the side panels being provided with a light inlet hole, an upper cover plate connected to the upper end of the vertical substrate, and a front cover plate connected between the two side panels.

[0005] Furthermore, the four sides of the vertical base plate are bent backward to form a rectangular ring, and the rear end face of the vertical plate is provided with at least one reinforcing rib; the rear end of the upper cover plate is bent and connected to the rectangular ring and the reinforcing rib, the side plate is fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular ring, the front end face of the side plate is provided with a plurality of plug holes, and the rear end face of the front cover plate is provided with a plug column that matches the plug hole.

[0006] Furthermore, adjustment mechanisms for adjusting the use length of the synchronous belt are respectively connected to both sides of the vertical base plate.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes two guide rods connected to the side surfaces of the vertical base plate, the inner ends of the two guide rods are connected to a connecting assembly for connecting to the end of the synchronous belt, and a rotating frame is rotatably connected between the outer ends of the two guide rods. The rotating frame is provided with a rotating shaft connected to the guide rods, and the rotating frame can rotate relative to the guide rods. A main adjusting wheel and a secondary adjusting wheel are provided on both sides of the rotating frame, the main adjusting wheel is located between the rotating shaft and the connecting assembly, and the secondary adjusting wheel is located on the outside of the rotating frame; the rotating shaft is connected to a first elastic member for driving the rotating frame to rotate.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a main clamping block connected to the guide rod, and the two sides of the main clamping block are respectively provided with socket holes that cooperate with the connecting assembly, and the side of the main clamping block is provided with a fastening hole connected to the socket hole, and a fastener is provided in the fastening hole, and the fastener is abutted against the guide rod; the main clamping block is connected to the auxiliary clamping block through a connecting piece.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating frame includes two connecting plates, an adjustment groove is provided in the middle of the connecting plate, the two ends of the rotating shaft respectively pass through the adjustment groove and are rotatably connected to the guide rod, the rotating shaft is provided with an external thread and is threaded with two limit nuts, and the limit nuts are respectively located on the outside of the corresponding connecting plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the rear end surface of the vertical base plate is connected to an upper pulley and a lower pulley, and an elastic component with adjustable elasticity is provided between the upper pulley or the lower pulley and the vertical base plate, and the elastic component pushes the upper pulley downward or the elastic component pushes the lower pulley upward.

[0011] The cam is connected to the upper handle by the spring, and the cam has a fixed position that is adapted to move the cam forwardly and downwardly from the upper handle to the lower handle so that the cam can move relative to the lower handle when the cam is in a rotation state.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting hole at the other end of the rotating block is a threaded hole, the upper end of the adjusting rod is provided with an external thread, the adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the rotating block, or the upper end of the adjusting rod is provided with an external thread and is connected with an adjusting nut, and the lower end of the adjusting nut abuts against the rotating block.

[0013] Furthermore, the second elastic member may be a spring, and the adjustment rod may be a bolt. The through-hole on the fixed block is a waist-shaped hole. The lower end of the bolt is sleeved with the spring, one end of the spring abuts the head of the bolt, and the other end of the spring abuts the fixed block. The upper end of the bolt passes through the waist-shaped hole and is inserted into the connecting hole. When the connecting hole is a threaded hole, the length of the lower end of the bolt can be adjusted by simply rotating the bolt. When the connecting hole is a plain hole, the upper end of the bolt is connected to an adjustment nut, and the adjustment nut can be rotated to adjust the length of the lower end of the bolt, thereby adjusting the thrust of the spring on the rotating block.

[0014] A laser processing device includes a transverse movement mechanism and the above-mentioned laser engraving head assembly. The transverse movement mechanism includes a transverse guide rail, and the two ends of the transverse guide rail are respectively connected to a synchronous pulley. A synchronous belt is connected between the two synchronous pulleys. The middle of the synchronous belt is broken to form an open loop. The two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively passed around the adjustment mechanism on both sides of the engraving head and connected to the corresponding connecting assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail are respectively provided with guide grooves, the side surfaces of the upper pulley and the lower pulley protrude outward, and the upper pulley and the lower pulley are respectively in contact with the corresponding guide grooves.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention protects the engraving head by providing a cover structure, thereby preventing the engraving head from being disturbed by smoke, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the engraving head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laser processing device of this embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the laser engraving head assembly of this embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the laser engraving head assembly of this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laser engraving head assembly of this embodiment without the front cover.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laser engraving head assembly of this embodiment without the cover.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Another perspective structural diagram.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial decomposition diagram of .

[0025] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection between the laser engraving head assembly and the synchronous belt drive mechanism.

[0026] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cooperation between the transverse guide rail and the laser engraving head assembly.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 1 - Laser engraving head assembly; 2 - Connecting assembly; 3 - Adjustment mechanism; 5 - Upper pulley; 6 - Lower pulley; 7 - Elastic assembly; 8 - Horizontal guide rail; 9 - Raised ring; 11 - Cover; 12 - Vertical base plate; 13 - Engraving head; 14 - Rectangular ring; 15 - Fixed block; 16 - Reinforcement rib; 151 - Perforation; 21 - Main clamping block; 22 - Secondary clamping block; 23 - Bolt; 24 - Fastener; 31 - Guide rod; 32 - Secondary adjustment wheel; 33 - Rotating shaft; 34 - Main adjustment wheel; 35 - Connecting piece; 36 - Adjustment slot; 37 - Limit nut; 71 - Rotating block; 72 - Adjustment rod; 73 - Second elastic member; 74 - Front fixing bolt; 75 - Fixed shaft; 76 - Rear fixing bolt. 711 - axis hole; 81 - guide groove; 91 - through hole; 111 - side panel; 112 - upper cover; 113 - front cover; 1111 - light inlet; 1112 - plug-in hole; 1121 - bending portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 3 shown.

[0034] Example 1: See Figures 2 to 5 ; A laser engraving head assembly, which includes: a vertical substrate 12, an engraving head 13 is connected to the front end surface of the vertical substrate 12, the vertical substrate 12 is connected to a cover body 11 for protecting the engraving head 13, the cover body 11 includes side panels 111 respectively connected to both sides of the vertical substrate 12, one of the side panels 111 is provided with a light inlet 1111, the upper end of the vertical substrate 12 is connected to an upper cover plate 112, and a front cover plate 113 is connected between the two side panels 111.

[0035] See attached Figure 2 、 Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 In this technical solution, two side plates 111, a front cover plate 113 and an upper cover plate 112 are provided so that together with the vertical substrate 12, they form a space with an open lower end, and the engraving head 13 is located in the space; during operation, the laser is projected onto the engraving head 13 through the light inlet 1111, and the engraving head 13 engraves the workpiece. The smoke generated during the engraving will be blown away by the air nozzle connected below the engraving head 13 (this is the existing technology), and the smoke will temporarily float in the surrounding space of the engraving head 13 and then be extracted by the exhaust device of the laser processing device; since a cover body 11 is formed around the engraving head 13, the smoke can be prevented from entering the interior of the engraving head 13 or near the engraving head 13, thereby avoiding the smoke generated during engraving from affecting the engraving head 13.

[0036] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 The four sides of the vertical base plate 12 are bent backward to form a rectangular ring 14, and the rear end face of the vertical plate is provided with at least one reinforcing rib 16; the rear end of the upper cover plate 112 is bent and connected to the rectangular ring 14 and the reinforcing rib 16, and the side plate 111 is fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular ring 14, and the front end face of the side plate 111 is provided with a plurality of plug holes 1112, and the rear end face of the front cover plate 113 is provided with plug columns that match the plug holes 1112.

[0037] In order to facilitate the connection of the upper cover plate 112, the two side plates 111 and the front cover plate 113 to the vertical base plate 12, the present technical solution is provided with a rectangular ring 14 and a reinforcing rib 16. In the specific setting, in order to reduce the weight and reduce the cost, the thickness of the vertical base plate 12 is relatively small. When connecting with the upper cover plate 112 and the side plates 111, it is not convenient to open a connection hole on the side of the vertical base plate 12. Therefore, the present technical solution is provided with a rectangular ring 14 on the rear end face of the vertical base plate 12. The setting of the rectangular ring 14 widens the thickness of the side end of the vertical base plate 12. As shown in the figure, a connection hole is provided on the side of the rectangular ring 14, and a matching through-hole is provided on the rear end of the side plate 111. The side plate 111 is fixed to the side of the vertical base plate 12 by a connecting member such as a bolt. The rear end of the upper cover plate 112 is bent to form a bent portion 1121, which is fixedly connected to the rectangular ring 14 and the reinforcing rib 16. The reinforcement ribs 16 can increase the connection position of the bending portion and improve the strength of the vertical substrate 12; secondly, when connecting the front cover 113 to the side panel 111, the present technical solution adopts a plug-in method to facilitate the removal and installation of the front cover 113.

[0038] See also Figures 2 to 8 An adjustment mechanism 3 for adjusting the length of the synchronous belt is connected to both sides of the vertical base plate 12. The adjustment mechanism 3 includes two guide rods 31 connected to the side of the vertical base plate 12. The inner ends of the two guide rods 31 are connected to a connecting assembly 2 for connecting to the end of the synchronous belt. A rotating frame is rotatably connected between the outer ends of the two guide rods 31. The rotating frame is equipped with a rotating shaft 33 connected to the guide rods 31 and can rotate relative to the guide rods 31. A main adjustment wheel 34 and a secondary adjustment wheel 32 are provided on both sides of the rotating frame. The main adjustment wheel 34 is located between the rotating shaft 33 and the connecting assembly 2, and the secondary adjustment wheel 32 is located on the outside of the rotating frame. The rotating shaft 33 is connected to a first elastic member for pushing the secondary adjustment wheel 32 away from or toward the synchronous belt.

[0039] See attached Figure 1 When the laser processing device is processing, a planar two-dimensional moving mechanism is generally provided to drive the engraving head 13 to move in a planar manner, so that the engraving head 13 can perform planar operations; the planar two-dimensional moving mechanism generally includes a transverse moving mechanism and a longitudinal moving mechanism arranged on both sides of the transverse moving mechanism, and the longitudinal moving mechanisms on both sides drive the transverse moving mechanism and the engraving head 13 to move longitudinally; the transverse moving mechanism drives the engraving to move transversely; the transverse moving mechanism generally adopts a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, which includes two synchronous pulleys and a synchronous belt. The transverse moving mechanism is provided with a transverse guide rail 8, and the engraving head 13 is slidably connected to the transverse guide rail 8. At the same time, the engraving head 13 is connected to the synchronous belt, and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism drives the engraving head 13 to move transversely along the transverse guide rail 8.

[0040] When the synchronous belt drives the engraving head 13 to move laterally, it is generally made of rubber, which is an elastic material with a certain degree of elasticity. The synchronous belt itself will be stretched. When the engraving head 13 runs at a low speed, such as 400 mm / s or less, the resistance between the engraving head 13 and the transverse guide rail 8, as well as the wind resistance experienced by the engraving head 13, are relatively small, and the stretching elongation of the synchronous belt is very small. The synchronous belt has little effect on the movement position of the engraving head 13. When the engraving head 13 increases in speed, the wind resistance experienced by the engraving head 13 will increase, and the stretching force of the synchronous belt will increase. When the speed increases by a certain amount, such as 800 mm / s or above, the amount of stretching of the synchronous belt due to the stretching force will increase, and this stretching will affect the accuracy of the movement position of the engraving head 13. Therefore, it is necessary to offset the stretching of the synchronous belt to reduce or offset the offset of the engraving head 13 caused by the stretching of the synchronous belt, so that the engraving head 13 can move within the error range.

[0041] In order to facilitate the connection between the synchronous belt transmission mechanism and the engraving head 13, the middle part of the synchronous belt is broken to form two ends, which are respectively connected to the connecting components 2 on both sides of the vertical base plate 12. At the same time, both ends of the synchronous belt are passed through a synchronous wheel, and then passed through the main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 of the rotating frame, and finally connected to the connecting component 2; the synchronous belt is in contact with the main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 of the rotating frame.

[0042] For the convenience of explanation, for example, the synchronous belt segment between the right connecting component 2 and the right synchronous wheel is set as the right use segment; the synchronous belt segment between the left connecting component 2 and the left synchronous wheel is set as the left use segment; during operation, one of the left and right use segments applies tension to the engraving head 13, and the other moves along with it; the synchronous belt will stretch a certain amount in the segment that applies tension. When the tension increases to a certain value, the elongation of the synchronous belt reaches a certain value, which will affect the accuracy of the moving position of the engraving head 13. When engraving, when the length of the left or right use segment is stretched, the length of the left or right use segment becomes longer than the length used under normal circumstances. If the length of this part is not offset, the moving position of the engraving head 13 will have an error.

[0043] See also Figure 9 The operation of the adjustment mechanism 3 of this technical solution is described using rightward movement as an example. The connection point between the synchronous belt and the right synchronous pulley is set as point A. The contact points between the synchronous belt and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 and the main adjustment wheel 34 are set as points B and C respectively. The connection circuit between the synchronous belt and the connecting assembly 2 is set as point D. The connection point between the rotating frame and the guide rod 31 is set as point E. To simplify the structure, point E is set between the main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32.

[0044] Secondly: The rotating shaft 33 is connected to a first elastic member for pushing the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 away from or close to the synchronous belt, which can be a torsion spring ( Figure 9 The first elastic member exerts a moment N on point E. The first elastic member can be a torsion spring or an arc-shaped spring.

[0045] Set the angle ω2 = 0.5 * (180° - ∠BCD); ω1 = 0.5 * (180° - ∠ABC); the tension of the synchronous belt is F; the resultant forces of the synchronous belt on points B and C are: Fb = 2F * sin (ω1); Fc = 2F * sin (ω2); the distances between points B, C and point E are L1 and L2 respectively; under normal conditions, the torque is balanced, then:

[0046] Fb*L1+N=Fc*L2;

[0047] According to the above formula, and by substituting the values of Fb and Fc, we can obtain the following formula:

[0048] sin(ω1)+N / (2F*L1)= sin(ω2)*(L2 / L1);

[0049] When the tension of the synchronous belt increases, that is, F increases, since the change of the rotating frame is relatively small, N (torque) remains almost unchanged. N can be assigned a positive or negative value according to the direction of the torque. In this embodiment, N is assigned a positive value; L1 and L2 are both fixed values. When the synchronous belt reaches equilibrium with the rotating frame again, ω1 decreases and ω2 increases; that is, ∠ABC increases and ∠BCD decreases; corresponding to the accompanying figure, the rotating frame rotates, causing the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 to move away from the synchronous belt; the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 and the main adjustment wheel 34 still maintain contact with the synchronous belt.

[0050] like Figure 9 As shown in the figure, in actual work, the length of the AB segment is much larger than that of the BC segment and the CD segment. When ω1 decreases and ω2 increases, the change in the length of the AB segment is much larger than that of the CD segment. At this time, the length of the entire AD segment becomes longer than before.

[0051] When the tension of the synchronous belt increases, the increase in the length of the AD segment is equivalent to the elongation of the AD segment of the synchronous belt under the tension F. Therefore, when running at low speed or high speed, it will basically not affect the moving position of the engraving head 13, and the engraving accuracy of the engraving head 13 will be maintained.

[0052] It can be seen from this that after setting the adjustment mechanism 3, when the tension of the synchronous belt changes, the rotating frame of the adjustment mechanism 3 rotates to adjust the length of the usable section of the synchronous belt, so that the usable section length of the synchronous belt is equivalent to the length of the synchronous belt after extension and contraction, thereby improving the movement accuracy of the engraving head 13.

[0053] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 The connecting assembly 2 includes a main clamping block 21 connected to the guide rod 31. Both sides of the main clamping block 21 are respectively provided with socket holes that match the connecting assembly 2. The side of the main clamping block 21 is provided with a fastening hole connected to the socket hole. A fastener 24 is provided in the fastening hole, and the fastener 24 abuts against the guide rod 31; the main clamping block 21 is connected to the auxiliary clamping block 22 through a connecting piece.

[0054] The connecting assembly 2 is in the form of a main clamping block 21 connected to a secondary clamping block 22 to clamp the end of the synchronous belt, thereby forming a connection with the end of the synchronous belt. The connecting assembly 2 can also adopt other forms. Secondly, the main clamping block 21 is provided with a socket hole, so that the connecting assembly 2 can move relative to the guide rod 31, so that the connecting assembly 2 can adjust the tension of the use section of the synchronous belt during the movement; and the adjustment is convenient. It can be understood that when adjusting the position of the main clamping block 21, it can be adopted that: the guide rod 31 is provided with an external thread and is threadedly connected with an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut abuts against the main clamping block 21; by adjusting the position of the adjusting nut, the position of the main clamping block 21 is pushed to move, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt. Secondly, since the position of the connecting assembly 2 is relatively close to the main adjustment wheel 34, the angle ω2 can also be adjusted within a certain tension range.

[0055] The main clamping block 21 and the auxiliary clamping block 22 can be connected by bolts 23 or by riveting.

[0056] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 The rotating frame includes two connecting pieces 35, and an adjustment slot 36 is provided in the middle of the connecting piece 35. The two ends of the rotating shaft 33 pass through the adjustment slot 36 and are rotatably connected to the guide rod 31. The rotating shaft 33 is provided with an external thread and is threaded with two limiting nuts 37. The limiting nuts 37 are respectively located on the outside of the corresponding connecting piece 35.

[0057] To accommodate various synchronous belts, an adjustment slot 36 is provided on the connecting piece 35 to facilitate adjustment of the distance between the primary and secondary adjustment wheels 34, 32, and the rotating shaft 33. To adjust, loosen the stop nut 37, move the connecting piece 35, and adjust the relative position of the rotating shaft 33 and the connecting piece 35. Once adjustment is complete, tighten the stop nut 37.

[0058] Secondly, it can be understood that the rotating frame can adopt another structure: the rotating frame includes two connecting plates 35, the middle part of the connecting plate 35 is provided with an axial hole and is connected to the rotating shaft 33, and adjustment grooves 36 are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting plate 35. The middle part of the main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 are both provided with connecting shafts, and the two ends of the connecting shafts respectively pass through the connecting grooves of the connecting plate 35, and the ends of the connecting shafts are threadedly connected with nuts.

[0059] At this time, the position of the rotating shaft 33 relative to the rotating frame remains unchanged, while the positions of the main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 are adjustable, that is, the sizes of L1 and L2 are adjustable. The main adjustment wheel 34 and the auxiliary adjustment wheel 32 can both be made of objects that can rotate around their own connecting axes, such as bearings.

[0060] Example 2: A laser processing device, which includes a lateral movement mechanism and the above-mentioned laser engraving head assembly 1, the lateral movement mechanism includes a lateral guide rail 8, the two ends of the lateral guide rail 8 are respectively connected to a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt is connected between the two synchronous pulleys, the middle of the synchronous belt is broken to form an open loop, and the two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively passed around the adjustment mechanism 3 on both sides of the engraving head 13 and connected to the corresponding connecting assembly 2.

[0061] See also Figure 7 、 Figure 8 And 10, the upper end face and the lower end face of the transverse guide rail 8 are respectively provided with a guide groove 81, and the rear end face of the vertical base plate 12 is connected with the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6, the side surfaces of the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 protrude outward, and the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 are respectively abutted against the corresponding guide groove 81; an elastic component 7 with adjustable elasticity is provided between the upper pulley 5 or the lower pulley 6 and the vertical base plate 12, and the elastic component 7 pushes the upper pulley 5 or the lower pulley 6 toward the transverse guide rail 8.

[0062] The engraving head 13 moves back and forth laterally driven by the synchronous belt transmission mechanism. In order to enable the engraving head 13 to move linearly without shaking when moving back and forth, the present technical solution provides guide grooves 81 on the upper and lower end faces of the transverse guide rail 8; at the same time, an upper pulley 5 and a lower pulley 6 are correspondingly provided on the rear end face of the vertical base plate 12, and the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 are respectively inserted into the guide grooves 81, and move along the guide grooves 81 during the movement; with the cooperation of the upper pulley 5, the lower pulley 6 and the corresponding guide grooves 81, the engraving head 13 moves linearly along the transverse guide rail 8.

[0063] When working, the lower end of the upper pulley 5 is located in the guide groove 81 of the upper end surface of the transverse guide rail 8, and the upper end of the lower pulley 6 is located in the guide groove 81 of the lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 8, and the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 are clamped together with the transverse guide rail 8; when assembling the engraving head 13 and the transverse guide rail 8, most of the current methods of installing the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 during assembly will result in limited installation space, which is very time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has low efficiency; currently, some people use an elastic structure, in which the upper pulley 5 or the lower pulley 6 is connected to the vertical base plate 12 through an elastic arm, so that the position of the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 can be adjusted, so that the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 can be easily clamped into the corresponding guide groove 81.

[0064] Secondly, after long-term operation, due to wear of the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6, the upper pulley 5 will drop relative to the lower pulley 6, while the lower pulley 6 will rise relative to the upper pulley 5. However, the elasticity of the conventional elastic arm cannot be adjusted, resulting in a weakening of the clamping force of the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 on the transverse guide rail 8. During operation, the engraving head 13 may wobble up and down, requiring the elastic arm to be disassembled and adjusted in elasticity. In this embodiment, however, the elasticity of the elastic assembly 7 is adjustable. When the clamping force of the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 on the transverse guide rail 8 weakens, the elasticity of the elastic assembly 7 is directly adjusted, so that the upper pulley 5 and the lower pulley 6 maintain a certain clamping force on the transverse guide rail 8, thus preventing the engraving head 13 from shaking.

[0065] See also Figure 7 、 Figure 8 The elastic component 7 is arranged between the lower pulley 6 and the vertical base plate 12. The elastic component 7 includes a rotating block 71. One end of the rotating block 71 is connected to the lower pulley 6. The middle part or the other end of the rotating block 71 is connected to the fixed shaft 75 and is rotatably connected to the vertical base plate 12. When the other end of the rotating block 71 is connected to the fixed shaft 75, the rotating block 71 is provided with an axial hole and is sleeved with the fixed shaft 75. The fixed shaft 75 is threadedly connected to the vertical base plate 12. The elastic component 7 also includes a torsion spring. One end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed shaft 75, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the rotating block 71. ; When the middle part of the rotating block 71 is connected to the fixed shaft 75, the rotating block 71 can still rotate relative to the fixed shaft 75. The other end of the rotating block 71 is provided with a connecting hole and is connected to the adjusting rod 72. The adjusting rod 72 can adjust the connection position with the connecting hole. The lower end of the rectangular ring 14 is provided with a fixed block 15 backward. The middle part of the fixed block 15 is provided with a through hole 151 for the adjusting rod 72 to pass through. The lower end of the adjusting rod 72 passes through the through hole 151; and a second elastic member 73 for pushing the adjusting rod 72 downward is connected between the lower end of the adjusting rod 72 and the fixed block 15.

[0066] See also Figure 7 , the lower pulley 6 is connected to one end of the rotating block 71; in this embodiment, the second structure is adopted, the middle part of the rotating block 71 is rotatably connected to the vertical base plate 12 through the fixed shaft 75, so that the rotating block 71 can rotate relative to the vertical base plate 12; see Figure 8 A convex ring 9 is provided on the back of the vertical substrate 12, and the end face of the convex ring 9 is flush with the end face of the rectangular ring 1414. A through hole 91 is provided in the middle of the convex ring 9; the fixed shaft 75 is sleeved in the convex ring 9, and the fixed shaft 75 is stepped. The fixed shaft 75 includes a thick circular tube section and a thin circular tube section. The thick circular tube section is inserted into the convex ring 9 and is connected with a front fixing bolt 74. The front fixing bolt 74 is connected to the front end face of the vertical substrate 12; the thin circular tube section is inserted into the axial hole 711 in the middle of the rotating block 71, and the rotating block 71 can rotate relative to the thin circular tube section. The thin circular tube section is connected with a rear fixing bolt 76, and the head of the rear fixing bolt 76 is arranged adjacent to the rotating block 71.

[0067] The other end of the rotating block 71 is connected to the adjusting rod 72 through the connecting hole. The second elastic member 73 pushes the adjusting rod 72 to move downward, and the adjusting rod 72 drives the rotating block 71 to rotate, so that the lower pulley 6 moves upward; the lower pulley 6 cooperates with the upper pulley 5 to clamp the transverse guide rail 8; at the same time, during installation, the adjusting rod 72 can be adjusted first to make the lower pulley 6 move downward under its own gravity, and the distance between the lower pulley 6 and the upper pulley 5 is greater than or equal to the vertical width of the transverse guide rail 8, so as to facilitate the installation of the vertical base plate 12 and the transverse guide rail 8.

[0068] It can also be understood that the first structure can also adjust the force of the rotating block 71 on the lower pulley 6 by adopting a torsion spring; under normal circumstances, the torsion spring provides torsion to the rotating block 71, so that the lower pulley 6 moves upward; when the torsion needs to be changed, the fixed shaft 75 is rotated to change the torsion of the torsion spring.

[0069] See also Figure 8 The other end connection hole of the rotating block 71 is a threaded hole, and the upper end of the adjusting rod 72 is provided with an external thread, and the adjusting rod 72 is threadedly connected to the rotating block 71. Of course, the following structure can also be adopted: the upper end of the adjusting rod 72 is provided with an external thread and connected to the adjusting nut, and the lower end of the adjusting nut abuts against the rotating block 71.

[0070] To facilitate adjustment of the relative position of the adjusting rod 72 and the connecting hole, the connecting hole can be configured as a threaded hole, with the adjusting rod 72 threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The position of the adjusting rod 72 and the connecting hole can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod 72. Alternatively, a positioning nut can be used to change the connection position of the adjusting rod 72 and the connecting hole. This allows the connection position of the adjusting rod 72 and the rotating block 71 to be adjusted, thereby adjusting the length of the lower end of the adjusting rod 72 below the fixed block 15, thereby adjusting the deformation of the second elastic member 73 and the elastic force exerted by the second elastic member 73 on the rotating block 71.

[0071] Secondly, the second elastic member can be a spring, and the adjustment rod 72 can be a bolt. The through-hole on the fixed block 15 is a waist-shaped hole. The lower end of the bolt is sleeved with the spring, one end of the spring abuts the head of the bolt, and the other end of the spring abuts the fixed block 15. The upper end of the bolt passes through the waist-shaped hole and is inserted into the connecting hole. When the connecting hole is a threaded hole, the length of the lower end of the bolt can be adjusted by simply rotating the bolt. When the connecting hole is a plain hole, the upper end of the bolt is connected to an adjustment nut, and rotating the adjustment nut can adjust the length of the lower end of the bolt. This can then adjust the thrust of the spring on the rotating block 71.

[0072] Many features of Example 2 can be applied to Example 1, such as the structure of the lower pulley, the elastic component with adjustable elasticity, etc. When understood by those skilled in the art, it should not be limited to Example 2.

[0073] The above contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the concept of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. The contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser engraving head assembly comprising: A vertical substrate, the front end of which is connected to an engraving head, characterized in that: the vertical substrate is connected to a cover for protecting the engraving head, the cover comprising side panels respectively connected to both sides of the vertical substrate, one of the side panels being provided with a light inlet, an upper cover being connected to the upper end of the vertical substrate, and a front cover being connected between the two side panels; the four sides of the vertical substrate being bent backward to form a rectangular ring; Both sides of the vertical base plate are respectively connected with adjustment mechanisms for adjusting the length of the synchronous belt; The adjusting mechanism includes two guide rods connected to the side surfaces of the vertical base plate, the inner ends of the two guide rods are connected to a connecting assembly for connecting to the end of the synchronous belt, a rotating frame is rotatably connected between the outer ends of the two guide rods, the rotating frame is provided with a rotating shaft connected to the guide rods, the rotating frame can rotate relative to the guide rods, and a main adjusting wheel and a secondary adjusting wheel are provided on both sides of the rotating frame, the main adjusting wheel is located between the rotating shaft and the connecting assembly, and the secondary adjusting wheel is located on the outside of the rotating frame; the rotating shaft is connected to a first elastic member for driving the rotating frame to rotate; The connecting assembly includes a main clamping block connected to the guide rod, with sleeve holes matching the connecting assembly provided on both sides of the main clamping block, a fastening hole communicating with the sleeve holes provided on the side of the main clamping block, a fastener provided in the fastening hole, and the fastener abutting against the guide rod; the main clamping block is connected to the auxiliary clamping block via a connecting piece; The rotating frame includes two connecting plates, an adjustment slot is provided in the middle of the connecting plates, both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the adjustment slots and are rotatably connected to the guide rod, the rotating shaft is provided with an external thread and is threaded with two limit nuts, and the limit nuts are respectively located on the outside of the corresponding connecting plates.

2. The laser engraving head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end surface of the vertical base plate is connected with an upper pulley and a lower pulley. An elastic component with adjustable elasticity is provided between the upper pulley or the lower pulley and the vertical base plate. The elastic component pushes the upper pulley downward or pushes the lower pulley upward.

3. The laser engraving head assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The cam is connected to the upper handle by the spring, and the cam has a hole through which the spring is inserted and the other end of the cam is connected to the lower handle to form a rotation.

4. The laser engraving head assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The connecting hole at the other end of the rotating block is a threaded hole, the upper end of the adjusting rod is provided with an external thread, the adjusting rod is threadedly connected to the rotating block, or the upper end of the adjusting rod is provided with an external thread and is connected with an adjusting nut, and the lower end of the adjusting nut abuts against the rotating block.

5. The laser engraving head assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second elastic member is a spring, the adjusting rod is a bolt, the through hole on the fixing block is a waist-shaped hole, the lower end of the bolt is sleeved with the spring, one end of the spring is abutted with the head of the bolt, and the other end of the spring is abutted with the fixing block; the upper end of the bolt passes through the waist-shaped hole and is inserted into the connecting hole.

6. A laser processing device comprising a lateral movement mechanism, characterized in that: It also includes the laser engraving head assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lateral movement mechanism includes a lateral guide rail, the two ends of the lateral guide rail are respectively connected to a synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt is connected between the two synchronous pulleys, the middle of the synchronous belt is broken to form an open loop, and the two ends of the synchronous belt respectively pass around the adjustment mechanism on both sides of the engraving head and are connected to the corresponding connecting assembly.

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