Mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding

Abstract

This invention provides a mechanical limiting device for welding steel arch frames in tunnels, comprising: a base plate, a cover, and a primary, secondary, and tertiary adjustment group. The primary adjustment group includes a primary knob and two first clamping rods, with a primary mechanical linkage structure between the primary knob and the two first clamping rods. The secondary adjustment group includes a secondary knob and two second clamping rods, with a secondary mechanical linkage structure between the secondary knob and the two second clamping rods. The tertiary adjustment group includes a tertiary knob and a centering adjustment plate, with a tertiary mechanical linkage structure between the tertiary knob and the centering adjustment plate. This invention achieves centering and limiting of the steel pad and I-beam by setting three mechanical positions, applicable to welding operations of various models and sizes of steel arch frames. After initial setting, it can be repeatedly used in welding steel arch frames of the same size, achieving rapid positioning and precise splicing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular relates to a mechanical limiting device for welding tunnel steel arch frames. Background Technology

[0002] During drill-and-blast tunnel construction, a large number of steel arch frames need to be transported to the tunnel for assembly. After the steel arch frames are bent in the surface workshop, steel plates need to be welded to both ends. The welding quality of the steel plates directly affects the assembly quality of the steel arch frames inside the tunnel, leading to construction problems such as unevenness of the steel arch frames, misalignment of holes, and difficulties in connection. This seriously affects the stress condition of the initial support structure of the tunnel and threatens the safety of the initial support construction. Currently, there are two main forms of steel plate welding for tunnel steel arch frames:

[0003] First, the welding position is marked by marking the steel backing plate with chalk, and then the steel backing plate is held tightly against the end of the steel arch frame for welding. This method has the problems of being time-consuming, inefficient, prone to welding errors due to manual hand welding, unable to guarantee welding quality, and requiring a lot of manual labor.

[0004] Secondly, a simple limiting device is made according to the dimensions of the I-beams and steel pads of the steel arch frame. The positioning structure is usually set according to the hole positions of the steel pads, and the clamping structure is designed according to the centering distance between the I-beams and the steel pads. Once the dimensions of the I-beams or steel pads of the steel arch frame change, the device will no longer be applicable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a mechanical limiting device for welding steel arch frames in tunnels, so as to realize the alignment of the I-beams and steel base plates of the steel arch frame through mechanical adjustment, thereby improving the welding quality of the I-beams and steel base plates of the steel arch frame.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] A mechanical limiting device for welding steel arch frames in tunnels includes:

[0008] Base plate;

[0009] The cover is located at the front end of the base plate;

[0010] The first-level adjustment group includes a first-level knob and two first clamping rods symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base plate. The first-level knob is installed on the cover. A first-level mechanical linkage structure is set between the first-level knob and the two first clamping rods to realize the synchronous approach or movement away of the two first clamping rods.

[0011] The secondary adjustment group includes a secondary knob and two second clamping rods symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base plate. The second clamping rods are located above the first clamping rod. The secondary knob is installed on the cover. A secondary mechanical linkage structure is set between the secondary knob and the two second clamping rods to realize the synchronous approach or movement away from each other of the two second clamping rods. The two second clamping rods are provided with a sliding groove facing each other. The sliding groove is a rectangular groove arranged along the length of the second clamping rod.

[0012] The three-stage adjustment assembly includes a three-stage knob and a centering adjustment plate. The three-stage knob is installed on the cover, and the centering adjustment plate is arranged between two second clamping rods. The centering adjustment plate has two symmetrical wing plates on its left and right ends. The two wing plates are flush with the side of the cover away from the centering adjustment plate and the rear side of the centering adjustment plate. The two wing plates are slidably installed in two sliding grooves. A three-stage mechanical linkage structure is set between the three-stage knob 32 and the centering adjustment plate to realize the forward and backward movement of the centering adjustment plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary mechanical linkage structure includes two first racks that are horizontally and slidably arranged one above the other inside the housing. The teeth of the two first racks are aligned. The two first racks are connected to a first clamp rod by a first bent rod. A first transmission shaft is provided between the two first racks in the housing. The first transmission shaft is provided with a first gear and a first worm gear. The first gear meshes with the two first racks. The first worm gear is vertically meshed with a first worm. The upper end of the first worm is connected to a primary knob by a first transmission rod.

[0014] The secondary mechanical linkage structure includes two second racks that are horizontally and slidably arranged one above the other inside the housing. The teeth of the two second racks are aligned. Each of the two second racks is connected to a second clamping rod via a second bent rod. A second transmission shaft is provided between the two second racks in the housing. The second transmission shaft is equipped with a second gear and a second worm gear. The second gear meshes with the two second racks. The second worm gear is vertically meshed with a second worm. The upper end of the second worm is connected to a secondary knob via a second transmission rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the housing is provided with a first sliding plate and a second sliding plate, wherein the first sliding plate is located above the second sliding plate, and two sliding grooves are respectively opened in the left and right directions on the bottom surface of the first sliding plate and the top surface of the second sliding plate. The first and second racks on the upper part of the housing are slidably installed in the two sliding grooves of the first sliding plate, and the first and second racks on the lower part are slidably installed in the two sliding grooves of the second sliding plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the first and second racks on the upper part of the cover are arranged to correspond to the first and second clamping rods on the right side, and the first and second racks on the lower part are arranged to correspond to the first and second clamping rods on the left side. The left end of the first slide groove is provided with a flange facing downward, and the right end of the second slide groove is provided with a flange facing upward.

[0017] Furthermore, the three-stage mechanical linkage structure includes a threaded rod and a third rotating shaft arranged inside the housing along the moving direction of the centering adjustment plate. The centering adjustment plate has a threaded hole on its front side. The threaded rod passes through the housing and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The threaded rod is equipped with a transmission gear. The third rotating shaft is equipped with a third gear and a third worm gear. The third gear meshes with the transmission gear. The third worm gear vertically meshes with the third worm. The third worm is connected to the three-stage knob through a third transmission rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the primary, secondary, and tertiary knobs are in the form of internal hexagonal knobs.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the mechanical limiting device for welding tunnel steel arch frames described in this invention has the following advantages:

[0020] This invention achieves centering and limiting of the steel pad and I-beam by setting three mechanical positions, which is applicable to welding operations of steel arch frames of various models and sizes. After initial setting, it can be repeatedly used in welding steel arch frames of the same size to achieve rapid positioning, precise splicing, and ensure the welding quality of steel arch frames. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mechanical limiting device for welding a tunnel steel arch frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the opening of a mechanical limiting device for welding a tunnel steel arch frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the alignment of the I-beam and the steel base plate in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the primary regulating group in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the secondary adjustment group in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the three-level adjustment group in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram showing the arrangement of the first and second sliding plates inside the housing in this embodiment.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Primary regulating group;

[0031] 11. First-level knob; 12. First clamping rod; 14. First transmission rod; 15. First worm gear; 16. First worm wheel; 17. First transmission shaft; 18. First gear; 19. First rack; 111. First bent rod;

[0032] 2. Secondary regulation group;

[0033] 21. Secondary knob; 22. Second clamping rod; 24. Second transmission rod; 25. Second worm gear; 26. Second worm wheel; 27. Second transmission shaft; 28. Second gear; 29. ​​Second rack; 211. Second bent rod;

[0034] 3. Three-level regulation group;

[0035] 31. Three-stage knob; 32. Centering adjustment plate; 33. Third transmission rod; 34. Third worm gear; 35. Third worm wheel; 36. Third transmission shaft; 37. Third gear; 38. Transmission gear; 39. Threaded rod;

[0036] 4. Cover;

[0037] 42. First slide rail; 43. Second slide rail;

[0038] 6. Base plate; 7. Steel pad; 8. I-beam. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a mechanical limiting device for welding steel arch frames in tunnels includes a base plate 6 and a cover 4 disposed at the front end of the base plate 6, as well as a primary adjustment group 1, a secondary adjustment group 2, and a tertiary adjustment group 3. In use, a steel pad 7 is placed on the base plate 6. The primary adjustment group 1 adjusts the position of the steel pad and clamps it. Then, an I-beam is placed on the steel pad. The secondary adjustment group 2 adjusts the position of the I-beam so that it is aligned with the steel pad in the left-right direction. The tertiary adjustment group 3 pushes the I-beam forward so that it is aligned with the steel pad in the front-back direction. Figure 3 As shown.

[0041] The primary regulating group 1, the secondary regulating group 2, and the tertiary regulating group 3 are all manually operated mechanical regulating structures, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The following is a detailed description of the open state of this device:

[0042] The primary adjustment group 1 includes a primary knob 11 and two first clamping rods 12 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base plate 6. The two first clamping rods 12 are located above the base plate 6 and close to its upper surface. The two first clamping rods 12 are horizontal and face each other. The primary knob 11 is an internal hexagonal type and is installed on the top of the cover 4. A primary mechanical linkage structure is set between the primary knob 11 and the two first clamping rods 12 to realize the synchronous approaching or moving away of the two first clamping rods 12. When the two first clamping rods 12 move synchronously towards each other, they can drive the steel pad to move until the steel pad and the base plate 6 are aligned. The two primary mechanical linkage structures are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the primary mechanical linkage structure includes two first racks 19 horizontally and slidingly arranged one above the other within the housing 4. The teeth of the two first racks 19 are aligned. Each of the two first racks 19 is connected to a first clamping rod 12 via a first bent rod 111. A first drive shaft 17 is arranged between the two first racks 19 in the housing 4. The first drive shaft 17 is equipped with a first gear 18 and a first worm gear 16. The first gear 18 meshes with the two first racks 19, and the first worm gear 16 vertically meshes with a first worm 15. The upper end of the first worm 15 is connected to a primary knob 11 via a first drive rod 14. Manually rotating the primary knob 11 causes the two first clamping rods 12 to move synchronously and close together through the primary mechanical linkage structure.

[0043] The secondary adjustment group 2 includes a secondary knob 21 and two second clamping rods 22 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the base plate 6. The two second clamping rods 22 are located above the two first clamping rods 12. The secondary knob 21 is hexagonal in shape and installed on the top of the cover 4. A secondary mechanical linkage structure is set between the secondary knob 21 and the two second clamping rods 22 to achieve synchronous approaching or moving away from each other. When the two second clamping rods 22 move synchronously towards each other, they can drive the I-beam to move until the I-beam is aligned with the base plate 6 in the left and right directions, thereby achieving alignment between the I-beam and the steel pad in the left and right directions. The two second clamping rods 22 are directly opposite each other with a sliding groove 211, which is a rectangular groove arranged along the length of the second clamping rods 22. The secondary mechanical linkage structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the enclosure includes two second racks 29 horizontally arranged, one above the other, sliding within the housing 4. The teeth of the two second racks 29 are aligned. Each of the two second racks 29 is connected to a second clamping rod 22 via a second bent rod 211. A second drive shaft 27 is positioned between the two second racks 29 in the housing 4. The second drive shaft 27 is equipped with a second gear 28 and a second worm gear 26. The second gear 28 meshes with the two second racks 29, and the second worm gear 26 vertically meshes with a second worm 25. The upper end of the second worm 25 is connected to a secondary knob 21 via a second drive rod 24. Manually rotating the secondary knob 21 causes the two second clamping rods 22 to move synchronously and close together through a secondary mechanical linkage structure.

[0044] The three-stage adjustment group 3 includes a three-stage knob 31 and a centering adjustment plate 32. The three-stage knob 31 is hexagonal in shape and is installed on the top of the cover 4. The centering adjustment plate 32 is arranged between two second clamping rods 22. The distance from the centering adjustment plate 32 to the bottom plate 6 is greater than the thickness of the steel pad. The centering adjustment plate 32 has two symmetrical wing plates 321 at its left and right ends. The two wing plates 321 are flush with the side facing away from the cover and the rear side (facing away from the cover) of the centering adjustment plate. The two wing plates 321 slide within two sliding grooves 211. A three-stage mechanical linkage structure is set between the three-stage knob 32 and the centering adjustment plate 32 to realize the forward and backward movement of the centering adjustment plate 32. When the centering adjustment plate 32 moves backward (away from the cover), it can push the I-beam backward, aligning the I-beam with the steel pad in the forward and backward direction. The three-stage mechanical linkage structure is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the three-stage mechanical linkage structure includes a threaded rod 39 and a third rotating shaft 36 arranged inside the housing 4 along the moving direction of the centering adjustment plate 32. A threaded hole is formed on the front side of the centering adjustment plate 32. The threaded rod 39 passes through the housing 4 and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. A transmission gear 38 is mounted on the threaded rod 39. The third rotating shaft 36 is equipped with a third gear 37 and a third worm gear 35. The third gear 37 meshes with the transmission gear 38, and the third worm gear 35 vertically meshes with a third worm 34. The third worm 34 is connected to a three-stage knob 31 via a third transmission rod 33. Manually rotating the three-stage knob 31 moves the centering adjustment plate 32 back and forth.

[0045] In this invention, a first sliding plate 42 and a second sliding plate 43 are provided inside the housing 4, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the first slide plate 42 is located above the second slide plate, and two slide grooves are respectively opened in the left and right directions on the bottom surface of the first slide plate 42 and the top surface of the second slide plate 43. During assembly, the first rack 19 and the second rack 29 on the upper part of the cover are slidably installed in the two slide grooves of the first slide plate 42, and the first rack 19 and the second rack 29 on the lower part are slidably installed in the two slide grooves of the second slide plate 43.

[0046] Preferably, the first rack 19 and the second rack 29 on the upper part of the cover are arranged to correspond to the first clamp rod 12 and the second clamp rod 22 on the right side, and the first rack 19 and the second rack 29 on the lower part are arranged to correspond to the first clamp rod 12 and the second clamp rod 22 on the left side. The left end of the first slide groove 42 is provided with a flange facing downward, and the right end of the second slide groove 43 is provided with a flange facing upward.

[0047] Operating method of this invention:

[0048] Step 1: Adjust the limiting device to the open state, and rotate the first-level knob 11, the second-level knob 21 and the third-level knob 31 in opposite directions respectively, so that the two first clamp rods 12 of the first-level adjustment group extend to the maximum range, the two second clamp rods 22 of the second-level adjustment group extend to the maximum range, and the centering adjustment plate 32 of the third-level adjustment group 3 retracts to fit tightly against the cover 4.

[0049] Step 2: Place the steel pad 7 to be welded on the top of the base plate 6 and make the front side of the steel pad fit against the rear side of the cover 4. Rotate the first-level knob 11 of the first-level adjustment group in the forward direction. The two first clamp rods 12 retract simultaneously to achieve centering and clamping of the steel pad in the left and right directions.

[0050] Step 3: Place the I-beam 8 on the steel pad 7. At this time, the welding surface of the steel pad is in close contact with the welding section of the I-beam, and the two flanges of the I-beam 8 are in close contact with the centering adjustment plate 32. Rotate the secondary knob 21 of the secondary adjustment group in the forward direction, and the two second clamp rods 22 retract simultaneously to achieve centering of the I-beam in the left and right directions with the steel pad.

[0051] Step 4: Rotate the third-level knob 31 of the three-level adjustment group 3 in the forward direction, and the centering adjustment plate 32 moves backward, pushing the I-beam 8 until it is aligned with the steel pad in the front-back direction; finally, the centering adjustment of the I-beam and the steel pad is achieved.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical limiting device for welding steel arch frames in tunnels, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a kind of mechanical adjustment device, including: Base plate (6); Cover (4) is arranged at the front end of base plate (6); Primary adjustment group (1), including primary knob (11), and two first clamp rods (12) that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of base plate (6), the primary knob (11) is installed in cover (4), and primary mechanical linkage structure is arranged between primary knob (11) and two first clamp rods (12), to realize the synchronous approaching movement or moving away of two first clamp rods (12); Secondary adjustment group (2), including secondary knob (21), and two second clamp rods (22) that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of base plate (6), second clamp rod (22) is located above first clamp rod (12), the secondary knob (21) is installed in cover (4), and secondary mechanical linkage structure is arranged between secondary knob (21) and two second clamp rods (22), to realize the synchronous approaching movement or moving away of two second clamp rods (22);Two second clamp rods (22) are oppositely arranged with sliding groove (211), and the sliding groove (211) is rectangular slot arranged along the length direction of second clamp rod (22); Tertiary adjustment group (3), including tertiary knob (31) and centering adjustment plate (32), tertiary knob (31) is installed in cover (4), centering adjustment plate (32) is arranged between two second clamp rods (22), and two wings (321) are symmetrically provided on the left and right ends of centering adjustment plate (32), the side of two wings (321) away from cover and the back side of centering adjustment plate are flush, two wings (321) are slidably worn in two sliding grooves (211), and tertiary mechanical linkage structure is arranged between tertiary knob (32) and centering adjustment plate (32), to realize the front and back movement of centering adjustment plate (32).

2. The mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary mechanical linkage structure includes two first racks (19) that are horizontally and one above the other slidably arranged in cover (4), the teeth of two first racks (19) are opposite, two first racks (19) are respectively connected with a first clamp rod (12) through first bent rod (111) respectively, first transmission shaft (17) is arranged between two first racks (19) in cover (4), first transmission shaft (17) is provided with first gear (18) and first worm (16), the first gear (18) engages two first racks (19), and first worm (16) is vertically engaged with first worm (15), and the upper end of first worm (15) is connected with primary knob (11) through first transmission rod (14); The secondary mechanical linkage structure comprises two second gear racks (29) horizontally and one above the other slidingly arranged in the casing (4), the teeth of the two second gear racks (29) are opposite, the two second gear racks (29) are respectively connected with one second clamp rod (22) through a second bent rod (211) respectively, the casing (4) is provided with a second transmission shaft (27) between the two second gear racks (29), the second transmission shaft (27) is provided with a second gear (28) and a second worm wheel (26), the second gear (28) engages the two second gear racks (29), the second worm wheel (26) vertically engages a second worm (25), and the upper end of the second worm (25) is connected with the secondary knob (21) through a second transmission rod (24).

3. The mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The casing (4) is provided with a first sliding groove plate (42) and a second sliding groove plate (43), wherein the first sliding groove plate (42) is located above the second sliding groove plate, two sliding grooves are respectively formed in the left and right directions of the bottom surface of the first sliding groove plate (42) and the top surface of the second sliding groove plate (43), the upper first gear rack (19) and the second gear rack (29) in the casing are slidingly installed in the two sliding grooves of the first sliding groove plate (42), and the lower first gear rack (19) and the second gear rack (29) are slidingly installed in the two sliding grooves of the second sliding groove plate (43).

4. The mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper first gear rack (19) and the second gear rack (29) in the casing are arranged corresponding to the right first clamp rod (12) and the second clamp rod (22), the lower first gear rack (19) and the second gear rack (29) are arranged corresponding to the left first clamp rod (12) and the second clamp rod (22), the left end of the first sliding groove plate (42) is provided with a downwardly arranged turnup, and the right end of the second sliding groove plate (43) is provided with an upwardly arranged turnup.

5. The mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tertiary mechanical linkage structure comprises a threaded rod (39) and a third rotating shaft (36) arranged in the casing (4) along the moving direction of a centering adjusting plate (32), a threaded hole is formed in the front side surface of the centering adjusting plate (32), the threaded rod (39) is threadedly connected with the threaded hole and protrudes out of the casing (4), the threaded rod (39) is provided with a transmission gear (38), the third rotating shaft (36) is provided with a third gear (37) and a third worm wheel (35), the third gear (37) engages the transmission gear (38), the third worm wheel (35) vertically engages a third worm (34), and the third worm (34) is connected with a tertiary knob (31) through a third transmission rod (33).

6. The mechanical limiting device for tunnel steel arch welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary knob (11), the secondary knob (21) and the tertiary knob (31) are in the form of an internal hexagon.

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