Piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas extraction, and relates to a piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism, which comprises an outer sliding sleeve, a plurality of first fracturing holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer sliding sleeve; a plurality of second fracturing holes are formed in the inner sliding sleeve in the circumferential direction of the inner sliding sleeve; the inner sliding sleeve is arranged in the outer sliding sleeve in a sliding mode in the axial direction of the outer sliding sleeve, and the first fracturing holes and the second fracturing holes can be aligned or staggered along with sliding of the inner sliding sleeve. The bottom of the movable short section extends into the outer sliding sleeve, and the movable short section, the inner wall of the outer sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve form a hydraulic cavity; the moving short section is provided with a first channel which is communicated with the interior of the moving short section and the hydraulic chamber; the moving short section is further provided with a second channel and a storage cavity, and the second channel communicates with the storage cavity and the hydraulic cavity. Wherein opening and closing of the first channel and the second channel can be controlled. According to the scheme, the production cost of operation can be reduced, and the production period can be shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and natural gas exploitation, and in particular relates to a piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The cementing and fracturing sleeve is one of the core components of the horizontal well staged fracturing tool and is a key factor affecting the quality of horizontal well fracturing. Among the current cementing and fracturing sleeve opening methods, the most widely used are the ball-throwing pressure-holding opening method, the dart-throwing pressure-holding opening method, the mechanical tool switch opening method, the hydraulic isolation opening method, and the electromagnetic intelligent opening method.

[0003] The ball-throwing and pressure-holding opening type opens the well step by step by throwing balls and holding pressure, and has become a widely used fracturing method. However, the inner diameter of the wellbore is limited, and the size of the fracturing ball and ball seat used will gradually decrease with the increase of the fracturing stage, which greatly limits the fracturing stage, and the conventional ball-throwing and pressure-holding sleeve cannot be closed after opening; the dart-throwing and pressure-holding opening type does not stop pumping during single-well multi-layer fracturing operations, but if the hydraulic control pipeline is blocked by proppant or breaks, all subsequent sleeves will fail; the mechanical tool switch type requires multiple lifting and lowering of the tubing during the operation, and the operation cycle is long; the hydraulic isolation opening type has a lower cost, but can only perform limited-stage fracturing; the electromagnetic intelligent opening type is relatively simple and intelligent, but the power supply problem and temperature resistance of its electronic components underground still need to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism, which aims to reduce the production cost of the operation and shorten the production cycle.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A piston-sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism, comprising:

[0007] The outer sliding sleeve is provided with a plurality of first fracturing holes along its circumferential direction;

[0008] An inner sleeve is provided with a plurality of second fracturing holes along its circumferential direction; the inner sleeve is slidably disposed in the outer sleeve along the axial direction of the outer sleeve, and as the inner sleeve slides, the plurality of first fracturing holes and the plurality of second fracturing holes can be aligned or staggered;

[0009] The bottom of the motion nipple extends into the outer sleeve and forms a hydraulic chamber with the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the motion nipple has a first channel, the first channel connects the interior of the motion nipple and the hydraulic chamber; the motion nipple also has a second channel and a storage chamber, the second channel connects the storage chamber and the hydraulic chamber;

[0010] The opening and closing of the first channel and the second channel can be controlled.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve are fixedly connected via a first connecting member;

[0012] When the external pressure applied to the inner sliding sleeve is greater than the tensile strength of the first connecting member, the first connecting member breaks, and the inner sliding sleeve can move relative to the outer sliding sleeve.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the outer wall of the inner sleeve has an annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the outer sleeve;

[0014] The top of the annular protrusion is the bottom of the hydraulic chamber.

[0015] In a further technical solution, it further includes a mechanical sleeve, which is fixed in the inner sleeve by a second connecting member; a side wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a third channel communicating with the hydraulic chamber, and a side wall of the mechanical sleeve is provided with a fourth channel communicating with the interior of the mechanical sleeve;

[0016] Wherein, when the pressure applied to the mechanical sleeve is greater than the tensile strength of the second connecting member, the second connecting member breaks, and the mechanical sleeve can move along the axial direction of the inner sleeve; when the mechanical sleeve moves to the dead point position, the interior of the mechanical sleeve is connected to the hydraulic chamber through the fourth channel and the third channel;

[0017] The mechanical sleeve is provided with a plurality of third fracturing holes. During the movement of the mechanical sleeve, the plurality of third fracturing holes are always connected with the plurality of second fracturing holes.

[0018] In a further technical solution, an elastic member is further included, wherein the elastic member is located inside the outer sliding sleeve, and the inner sliding sleeve compresses the elastic member during the process of moving toward the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve.

[0019] In a further technical solution, the first channel includes a first flow portion and a second flow portion, the first flow portion and the second flow portion intersect to form a first valve port; the first flow portion is in communication with the hydraulic chamber, and the second flow portion is in communication with the interior of the motion sub;

[0020] The second channel includes a third flow portion and a fourth flow portion, the third flow portion and the fourth flow portion intersect to form a second valve port; the third flow portion is in communication with the hydraulic chamber, and the fourth flow portion is in communication with the storage chamber;

[0021] The first valve port and the second valve port can be controlled to be opened and closed.

[0022] In a further technical solution, a first valve assembly and a second valve assembly are also included;

[0023] The first valve assembly includes a first slider and a first driving member, wherein the first driving member is used to drive the first slider to move in the first flow portion and open and close the first valve port;

[0024] The second valve assembly includes a second slider and a second driving member, wherein the second driving member is used to drive the second slider to move in the second flow portion and open and close the second valve port.

[0025] In a further technical solution, the motion sub is further provided with two installation chambers, and the first driving member and the second driving member are respectively arranged in the installation chambers;

[0026] One of the installation chambers is coaxially arranged with the first flow portion, and the other installation chamber is coaxially arranged with the third flow portion.

[0027] In a further technical solution, the aperture of the first fracturing hole and the aperture of the second fracturing hole gradually increase from the inside to the outside;

[0028] The minimum aperture of the first fracturing hole is greater than or equal to the maximum aperture of the second fracturing hole.

[0029] In a further technical solution, when the inner sleeve moves to the bottom dead center position, the volume of the hydraulic chamber is maximum;

[0030] The volume of the storage chamber is at least twice the maximum volume of the hydraulic chamber.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The piston sleeve mechanism of the present application, during the process of opening the fracturing channel, the first channel is opened, liquid enters the piston sleeve mechanism from the outside, and enters the hydraulic chamber through the first channel, and applies pressure to the inner sleeve, driving the inner sleeve to move downward to the bottom dead center position, at which time the first fracturing hole and the second fracturing hole are aligned, and the fracturing channel is opened. During the process of closing the fracturing channel, the first channel is closed, the second channel is opened, and the liquid in the hydraulic chamber flows back to the storage chamber, at which time the pressure applied by the liquid to the inner sleeve becomes smaller, and the inner sleeve can move upward, so that the first fracturing hole and the second fracturing hole are staggered, and the fracturing channel is closed. The piston sleeve mechanism of the present application can be opened and closed quickly in the above manner, has a fast response speed, low cost and is easy to use, thereby reducing the production cost of the operation and shortening the production cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1is a cross-sectional view of the piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 It is the cross-sectional view of the AA surface of the kinematic short section;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the BB surface of the motion sub.

[0040] The following are marked in the attached figure:

[0041] 10- tool cavity, 20- outer sleeve, 21- first fracturing hole, 30- inner sleeve, 31- annular protrusion, 32- third channel, 33- second fracturing hole, 40- mechanical sleeve, 41- fourth channel, 42- third fracturing hole, 43- ball seat, 50- motion short joint, 51- first channel, 511- first flow part, 512- second flow part, 52- second channel, 521- third flow part, 522- fourth flow part, 53- storage chamber, 54- installation chamber, 60- first valve assembly, 61- first drive member, 62- first slider, 70- second valve assembly, 71- second drive member, 72- second slider, 80- hydraulic chamber, 90- elastic member, 100- upper joint, 110- lower joint, 120- spindle, 130- outer cylinder, 140- middle joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances; the drawings in the embodiments are used to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0046] Some embodiments of the present application provide a piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes an outer sleeve 20 , an inner sleeve 30 , a motion short joint 50 , a mechanical sleeve 40 , a first valve assembly 60 and a second valve assembly 70 .

[0047] It should be noted that the piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism of this embodiment penetrates along the axial direction to form a tool inner cavity 10 through which liquid can pass.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer sleeve 20 is provided with a plurality of first fracturing holes 21 along its circumferential direction, and the inner sleeve 30 is provided with a plurality of second fracturing holes 33 along its circumferential direction, and is slidably arranged in the outer sleeve 20 along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 20. Through the relative sliding of the inner sleeve 30 and the outer sleeve 20, the plurality of first fracturing holes 21 and the plurality of second fracturing holes 33 are aligned or staggered respectively.

[0049] When the first fracturing hole 21 is aligned with the second fracturing hole 33, the fracturing channel is opened to meet the oil and gas production needs. When the first fracturing hole 21 is staggered with the second fracturing hole 33, the fracturing channel is closed, and the oil and gas production work is ended.

[0050] In this embodiment, the aperture of the first fracturing hole 21 and the aperture of the second fracturing hole 33 gradually increase from the inside to the outside, and the minimum aperture of the first fracturing hole 21 is greater than or equal to the maximum aperture of the second fracturing hole 33. This aperture design helps to reduce the resistance of the fracturing fluid when passing through the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33. As the aperture gradually increases, the fracturing fluid can gradually adapt and accelerate during the flow process, thereby reducing the flow resistance caused by the sudden change of the aperture.

[0051] In addition, in fracturing operations, uniform distribution of fracturing fluid is crucial to forming a wide network of fractures. By gradually changing the pore size design, the fracturing fluid can be more evenly distributed in the reservoir, thereby improving the fracturing effect.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 are 8 respectively, and the total area of ​​the first fracturing holes 21 and the total area of ​​the second fracturing holes 33 are larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the tool inner cavity 10, which further facilitates the passage of the fracturing fluid and avoids throttling. As a matter of course, the number of the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 is not limited to 8, but may also be 4, 6, 10 or other, and may be flexibly set according to the use requirements, which is not limited in the present embodiment.

[0053] It should be noted that the number of the first fracturing holes 21 and the number of the second fracturing holes 33 is an even number, which is less likely to cause stress concentration than an odd number of the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 .

[0054] The outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 30 are fixedly connected by a first connecting member. Before the piston sleeve mechanism reaches the working position and working state, the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 30 may slide relative to each other due to gravity, so that the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33 are connected in advance, thereby affecting the production of oil and gas. Therefore, the outer sleeve 20 and the inner sleeve 30 are fixedly connected by the first connecting member, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the above problem.

[0055] At the same time, the first connecting piece has a lower tensile strength, which makes the first connecting piece easy to break. When the piston sleeve sliding sleeve mechanism reaches the preset working position and working state, the first connecting piece can be broken by applying external force to the inner sleeve 30, so that the inner sleeve 30 can slide relative to the outer sleeve 20, thereby connecting the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the first connecting member is a shear pin.

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the bottom of the motion nipple 50 extends into the outer sleeve 20. Specifically, an annular space is formed between the portion of the outer sleeve 20 near the top and the portion of the inner sleeve 30 near the top, the bottom of the motion nipple 50 extends into the annular space, and the outer wall of the portion of the motion nipple 50 extending into the annular space is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 20, and the inner wall abuts against the outer wall of the inner sleeve 30. At the same time, the inner wall of the motion nipple 50 abuts against the outer wall of the inner sleeve 30, which can also increase the sealing performance here.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the movement short section 50 extends to the bottom of the annular space and forms a hydraulic chamber 80 between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 20 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 30. By adding liquid into the hydraulic chamber 80 and utilizing the pressure of the liquid on the inner sleeve 30, the first connecting piece can be broken and driven to move downward to connect the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33.

[0059] It should be noted that the liquid here refers to high-pressure hydraulic oil, the same below.

[0060] It should also be noted that the volume of the hydraulic chamber 80 will change as the inner sleeve 30 moves.

[0061] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 30 has an annular protrusion 31, and the annular protrusion 31 abuts against the inner wall of the outer sleeve 20. The top of the annular protrusion 31 is the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 80, that is, the top of the annular protrusion 31, the bottom of the motion short section 50, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 20 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 30 together form the hydraulic chamber 80.

[0062] The annular protrusion 31 is a main component for bearing liquid pressure. When the liquid enters the hydraulic chamber 80, pressure is applied to the annular protrusion 31, so that the annular protrusion 31 drives the inner sleeve 30 to slide downward.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the movement sub 50 has a first channel 51, and the first channel 51 connects the interior of the movement sub 50 (i.e., the tool inner cavity 10) and the hydraulic chamber 80. The first channel 51 can be controlled to open and close. When the first channel 51 is opened, the liquid flowing from the tool inner cavity 10 can enter the hydraulic chamber 80 through the first channel 51, and exert pressure on the inner sleeve 30, so that the first connecting piece breaks, and drives the first connecting piece to move downward to connect the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 7As shown, the first channel 51 includes a first flow portion 511 and a second flow portion 512, which intersect to form a first valve port, the first flow portion 511 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 80, and the second flow portion 512 is connected to the interior of the motion short section 50 (i.e., the tool inner cavity 10).

[0065] When the first valve port is opened, the liquid in the tool inner cavity 10 can enter the first flow portion 511 through the second flow portion 512, and finally enter the hydraulic chamber 80. When the first valve port is closed, the liquid in the tool inner cavity 10 is blocked after entering the second flow portion 512, and cannot enter the first flow portion 511, and further cannot enter the hydraulic chamber 80.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the first valve assembly 60 includes a first slider 62 and a first driving member 61 . The first driving member 61 is used to drive the first slider 62 to move in the first flow portion 511 , thereby opening or closing the first valve port.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first driving member 61 is in the form of a motor, a screw rod and a connecting rod, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the screw rod, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the slider. Then, the output shaft of the motor rotates to drive the screw rod to rotate, and then the connecting rod drives the first slider 62 to move up and down in the first flow portion 511 to open or close the first valve port.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first driving member 61 is a telescopic rod, and the piston end of the telescopic rod is extended and shortened to drive the first slider 62 to move up and down in the first flow portion 511 to open or close the first valve port.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the motion sub 50 also has a second channel 52 and a storage chamber 53, and the second channel 52 connects the storage chamber 53 and the hydraulic chamber 80. The second channel 52 can be controlled to open and close. When the first channel 51 is closed and the second channel 52 is opened, the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 can flow into the storage chamber 53 through the second channel 52, and the inner sleeve 30 can move upward without the pressure, so that the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 are staggered, and the operation is completed.

[0070] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, an elastic member 90 is disposed inside the outer sleeve 20, and the inner sleeve 30 compresses the elastic member 90 during the process of moving toward the bottom of the outer sleeve 20, so that the elastic member 90 stores elastic potential energy. The elastic member 90 is used to drive the inner sleeve 30 to move upward more simply, quickly and at a low cost.

[0071] When the first channel 51 is closed and the second channel 52 is opened, the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 flows into the storage chamber 53 through the second channel 52. At this time, the resilience of the elastic member 90 is greater than the pressure applied by the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 to the inner sleeve 30, thereby driving the inner sleeve 30 to move upward, staggering the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33. In addition, in the process of driving the inner sleeve 30 to move upward, the elastic member 90 also causes the inner sleeve 30 to apply pressure to the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80, so that the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 can enter the storage chamber 53 through the first channel 51.

[0072] It should be noted that after the working cycle of the liquid flowing into the storage chamber 53 is completed, the liquid is discharged from the storage chamber 53 on the ground.

[0073] It should also be noted that when the inner sleeve 30 returns to its initial position, some liquid will remain in the hydraulic chamber 80 , and the pressure of the remaining liquid on the inner sleeve 30 is less than the elastic force of the elastic member 90 , thereby preventing the inner sleeve 30 from moving downward.

[0074] In this embodiment, the elastic member 90 is preferably a coil spring.

[0075] When the inner sleeve 30 moves to the bottom dead center position, the volume of the hydraulic chamber 80 is maximum, and the volume of the storage chamber 53 is at least twice the maximum volume of the hydraulic chamber 80 .

[0076] Since the opening and closing of the inner sleeve 30 relies on the flow of liquid to apply pressure, if the volume of the storage chamber 53 is equal to the maximum volume of the hydraulic chamber 80, after the inner sleeve 30 moves up and down once, the space in the storage chamber 53 is filled with liquid, so that the liquid can no longer enter the storage chamber 53, and the inner sleeve 30 cannot slide upward to reset after sliding down for the second time.

[0077] Therefore, by making the volume of the storage chamber 53 at least twice the maximum volume of the hydraulic chamber 80, the inner sleeve 30 can be moved upward or closed multiple times, so that the first fracturing hole 21 and the second fracturing hole 33 can be aligned or staggered multiple times to meet the oil and gas extraction needs.

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown, the second channel 52 includes a third flow portion 521 and a fourth flow portion 522 , which intersect to form a second valve port; the third flow portion 521 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 80 , and the fourth flow portion 522 is connected to the storage chamber 53 .

[0079] When the second valve port is opened, the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 can enter the fourth flow portion 522 through the third flow portion 521, and finally enter the storage chamber 53. When the second valve port is closed, the liquid in the hydraulic chamber 80 is blocked after entering the third flow portion 521, and cannot enter the fourth flow portion 522, and further cannot enter the storage chamber 53.

[0080] like Figure 3 As shown, the second valve assembly 70 includes a second slider 72 and a second driving member 71. The second driving member 71 is used to drive the second slider 72 to move in the second flow portion 512, thereby opening or closing the second valve port.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second driving member 71 is in the form of a motor, a screw and a connecting rod, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the screw, the screw is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the slider. Then, the output shaft of the motor rotates to drive the screw to rotate, so that the connecting rod drives the second slider 72 to move up and down in the third flow portion 521 to open or close the second valve port.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first driving member 61 is a telescopic rod, and the piston end of the telescopic rod is extended and shortened to drive the second slider 72 to move up and down in the third flow portion 521 to open or close the second valve port.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, the motion short section 50 is also provided with two installation chambers 53, and the first driving member 61 and the second driving member 71 are respectively arranged in the installation chambers 53; one of the installation chambers 53 is coaxially arranged with the first flow portion 511, and the other installation chamber 53 is coaxially arranged with the third flow portion 521.

[0084] The top of the first flow portion 511 extends into one of the installation chambers 53, and the top of the second flow portion 512 extends into the other installation chamber 53, so that the piston end of the first driving member 61 can enter the first flow portion 511 and connect with the first slider 62, and the piston end of the second driving member 71 can enter the third flow portion 521 and connect with the second slider 72.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axes of the first flow portion 511 and the third flow portion 521 are parallel to the axis of the motion sub 50 , which makes it easier to install the first driving member 61 and the second driving member 71 .

[0086] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the mechanical sleeve 40 is located in the inner sleeve 30 and can move along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 30. The mechanical sleeve 40 is provided with a plurality of third fracturing holes 42. During the movement of the mechanical sleeve 40, the plurality of third fracturing holes 42 are always connected with the plurality of second fracturing holes 33.

[0087] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the third fracturing hole 42 extends along the axial direction of the mechanical sleeve 40 and has a certain length. Regardless of whether the mechanical sleeve 40 is in use or not, the mechanical sleeve 40 will not hinder the communication between the tool cavity 10 and the second fracturing hole 33.

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, the side wall of the inner sleeve 30 is provided with a third channel 32 connected to the hydraulic chamber 80, and the side wall of the mechanical sleeve 40 is provided with a fourth channel 41 connected to the inside of the mechanical sleeve 40. When the mechanical sleeve 40 is in the initial position, the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41 are staggered, and at this time, the liquid cannot enter the hydraulic chamber 80 through the third channel 32. When the first driving member 61 fails, the mechanical sleeve 40 is driven to move to the dead point position under the action of external force. At this time, the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41 are connected, and the liquid in the tool can enter the hydraulic chamber 80 through the fourth channel 41 and the third channel 32, thereby driving the inner sleeve 30 to move downward, so that the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 are aligned.

[0089] When the first driving member 61 fails, the first slider 62 cannot be controlled to move, the first channel 51 cannot be opened, and the inner sleeve 30 cannot slide downward, and the mining operation cannot be performed. However, due to the existence of the mechanical sleeve 40, the mechanical sleeve 40 is an alternative solution after the first driving member 61 fails. The mechanical sleeve 40 is driven by external force to slide downward, so that the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41 are connected, and the liquid can enter the hydraulic chamber 80 through the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41, driving the inner sleeve 30 to move downward, so that the first fracturing holes 21 and the second fracturing holes 33 are aligned.

[0090] It should be noted that the external force applied to the mechanical sleeve 40 is the pressure of the fracturing ball on the mechanical sleeve 40. When the mechanical sleeve 40 is needed, the fracturing ball is put into the piston sleeve mechanism. Accordingly, a ball seat 43 is provided in the mechanical sleeve 40. When the fracturing ball enters the mechanical sleeve 40, it can be just resisted by the ball seat 43 and exert a force that can drive the mechanical sleeve 40 to move.

[0091] The mechanical sleeve 40 is fixed in the inner sleeve 30 by the second connecting member. Before the piston sleeve mechanism reaches the working position and working state, the mechanical sleeve 40 may move relative to the inner sleeve 30 due to the effect of gravity, thereby causing the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41 to align, affecting normal mining. Therefore, by fixing the mechanical sleeve 40 and the inner sleeve 30 by the second connecting member, the above problem can be avoided.

[0092] At the same time, the second connecting member has a lower tensile strength, which makes the second connecting member easy to break. When the first driving member 61 fails and the mechanical sleeve 40 needs to be used, a fracturing ball can be inserted into the piston sleeve mechanism to apply external force to the mechanical sleeve 40, so that the second connecting member breaks, and the mechanical sleeve 40 can slide relative to the inner sleeve 30 to connect the third channel 32 and the fourth channel 41.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the second connecting member is a shear pin.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes an upper joint 100, an outer cylinder 130, a spindle 120, an intermediate joint 140 and a lower joint 110. The connection relationship between the above components and the motion short section 50 and the outer sleeve 20 is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0095] The mandrel 120 is used to place integrated circuit boards, batteries, sensors and other components, and the middle joint 140 is used to connect the outer tube 130 and the motion short section 50 to ensure sealing.

[0096] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional implementation modes. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism, characterized in that: include: The outer sliding sleeve is provided with a plurality of first fracturing holes along its circumferential direction; An inner sleeve is provided with a plurality of second fracturing holes along its circumferential direction; the inner sleeve is slidably disposed in the outer sleeve along the axial direction of the outer sleeve, and as the inner sleeve slides, the plurality of first fracturing holes and the plurality of second fracturing holes can be aligned or staggered; The bottom of the motion nipple extends into the outer sleeve and forms a hydraulic chamber with the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the motion nipple has a first channel, the first channel connects the interior of the motion nipple and the hydraulic chamber; the motion nipple also has a second channel and a storage chamber, the second channel connects the storage chamber and the hydraulic chamber; The opening and closing of the first channel and the second channel can be controlled.

2. A piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sliding sleeve and the inner sliding sleeve are fixedly connected via a first connecting member; When the external pressure applied to the inner sliding sleeve is greater than the tensile strength of the first connecting member, the first connecting member breaks, and the inner sliding sleeve can move relative to the outer sliding sleeve.

3. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner sleeve has an annular protrusion, and the annular protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the outer sleeve; The top of the annular protrusion is the bottom of the hydraulic chamber.

4. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mechanical sleeve, which is fixed in the inner sleeve through a second connecting member; a side wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a third channel communicating with the hydraulic chamber, and a side wall of the mechanical sleeve is provided with a fourth channel communicating with the interior of the mechanical sleeve; Wherein, when the pressure applied to the mechanical sleeve is greater than the tensile strength of the second connecting member, the second connecting member breaks, and the mechanical sleeve can move along the axial direction of the inner sleeve; when the mechanical sleeve moves to the dead point position, the interior of the mechanical sleeve is connected to the hydraulic chamber through the fourth channel and the third channel; The mechanical sleeve is provided with a plurality of third fracturing holes. During the movement of the mechanical sleeve, the plurality of third fracturing holes are always connected with the plurality of second fracturing holes.

5. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic member, which is located in the outer sliding sleeve, and the inner sliding sleeve compresses the elastic member during the process of moving toward the bottom of the outer sliding sleeve.

6. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first channel includes a first flow portion and a second flow portion, the first flow portion and the second flow portion intersect to form a first valve port; the first flow portion is communicated with the hydraulic chamber, and the second flow portion is communicated with the interior of the motion short section; The second channel includes a third flow portion and a fourth flow portion, the third flow portion and the fourth flow portion intersect to form a second valve port; the third flow portion is in communication with the hydraulic chamber, and the fourth flow portion is in communication with the storage chamber; The first valve port and the second valve port can be controlled to be opened and closed.

7. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included are a first valve assembly and a second valve assembly; The first valve assembly includes a first slider and a first driving member, wherein the first driving member is used to drive the first slider to move in the first flow portion and open and close the first valve port; The second valve assembly includes a second slider and a second driving member, wherein the second driving member is used to drive the second slider to move in the second flow portion and open and close the second valve port.

8. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motion sub is further provided with two installation chambers, and the first driving member and the second driving member are respectively arranged in the installation chambers; One of the installation chambers is coaxially arranged with the first flow portion, and the other installation chamber is coaxially arranged with the third flow portion.

9. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the first fracturing hole and the second fracturing hole gradually increase from the inside to the outside; The minimum aperture of the first fracturing hole is greater than or equal to the maximum aperture of the second fracturing hole.

10. The piston-sleeve-sliding sleeve mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the inner sleeve moves to the bottom dead center position, the volume of the hydraulic chamber is maximum; The volume of the storage chamber is at least twice the maximum volume of the hydraulic chamber.

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