A deep hole empty field system and mining method for steeply inclined thin ore body

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground mining, and relates to a deep hole empty field system and a mining method for a steeply inclined thin ore body. In each stage, multiple mine rooms are arranged along the direction of the ore body, pillars are arranged between adjacent mine rooms, and top pillars are arranged on the top of the mine room; the ore body area surrounded by the pillars and the top pillars is the ore body in the mine room. The present invention arranges the mine room along the direction of the ore body, and no longer divides the sections. The upper and lower stages and the top cutting layer are connected by stage ramps, which simplifies the complex ore-exit structure of the stage level and greatly reduces the mining engineering workload; the mine room has a reasonable structure, and the top pillars in the top cutting space are anchored to support the top, which ensures the safety of workers' rock drilling and shovel loader ore-exit operations; the two-stage parallel deep hole rock drilling of the bottom pulling space and the top cutting space is adopted to increase the ore-dropping efficiency and avoid the blasting and depletion problems caused by the blast hole deviation rate of the stage deep hole; the remote control shovel loader is adopted to mine, which greatly improves the recovery efficiency of the thin ore body and reduces the labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mining, and in particular relates to a deep hole open field system and a mining method for a steeply inclined thin ore body. Background Art

[0002] Steeply inclined thin ore bodies are common in gold, tungsten and tin deposits. They are a common ore body occurrence. About one-third of non-ferrous, rare and precious metal ores come from this type of ore body. The mining methods for this type of ore body are generally divided into two categories: one is mixed mining, which is mostly used for veins with lower grades, such as the ore retention method and the segmented open-pit method; the other is segmented mining, which is mostly used for veins with higher grades, such as the wall cutting and filling method and the wall cutting and ore retention method. The segmented open-pit method is generally suitable for thin veins with good ore body continuity and neat ore body contours between each segment. The essence of this mining method is to dig several segmented rock drilling tunnels along the inclination direction of the ore body, perform rock drilling and blasting in the segmented rock drilling tunnels, and release the collapsed ore from the bottom of the mining area. Since the rock drilling and blasting operations are all carried out in the segmented tunnels, the workers' work safety is guaranteed. The segments can be operated simultaneously, which increases the recovery intensity and reduces the mining cost. However, there are problems such as complex mining structure and large mining engineering workload.

[0003] Moreover, when using this mining method to mine thin ore bodies, shallow hole blasting is usually used to drill and collapse the ore, which has the problem of low production efficiency. With the development of trackless mining equipment and the continuous improvement of deep hole rock drilling technology, the application of medium and deep hole blasting technology in thin ore bodies has become possible. Therefore, it is urgent to break through the existing mining technology defects of steeply inclined thin ore bodies and develop new and efficient mining methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical issues

[0005] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a deep hole open field system and a mining method for a steeply inclined thin ore body.

[0006] Technical Solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] The present invention proposes a deep hole open field system for a steeply inclined thin ore body, in which multiple mine rooms are arranged along the strike direction b of the ore body at each stage, pillars are arranged between adjacent mine rooms, and a top pillar is arranged on the top of the mine room; the ore body area surrounded by the pillars and the top pillar is the ore body in the mine room;

[0009] Inside the bottom of the ore body, a bottom pull-out tunnel is set along the strike direction b of the ore body; at the center line position of the intermediate pillar corresponding to the bottom pull-out tunnel, a pedestrian mine-exit tunnel and a stage segment tunnel are sequentially set along the inclination direction a of the ore body; a transport tunnel is set between the pedestrian mine-exit tunnel and the stage segment tunnel along the strike direction b of the ore body; a cutting tunnel is set between the transport tunnel and the ore body, and a chute is set on the other side of the transport tunnel relative to the cutting tunnel; the stage segment tunnel is far away from the tail end of the ore body, and a stage transport tunnel is set along the strike direction b of the ore body;

[0010] Inside the top of the ore body, a top cutting roadway is set along the strike direction b of the ore body; at the center line position of the intermediate pillar corresponding to the top cutting roadway, a top cutting approach is set along the inclination direction a of the ore body; the top cutting approach is far away from the tail end of the ore body, and a top cutting layered stope communication roadway is set along the strike direction b of the ore body.

[0011] The top-cutting layer stope connection tunnel is connected with the transportation connection tunnel of the current stage through the set stage ramp, and the transportation connection tunnels of adjacent stages in the vertical ore body strike direction b are connected through the set stage ramp;

[0012] The mining area connecting tunnel and the stage ramp are connected by a cut-top layered connecting tunnel.

[0013] The intersection of the cutting tunnel and the bottom tunnel is connected with the top cutting tunnel through a cutting skylight.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom pulling tunnel is expanded to the predetermined position in the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body to form a bottom pulling space; the top cutting tunnel is expanded to the predetermined position in the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body to form a top cutting space.

[0015] Furthermore, the predetermined position is a position 1.5-2 m beyond the upper wall or the lower wall of the ore body in the inclination direction a of the ore body.

[0016] Furthermore, an anchor rod is arranged in the top column.

[0017] Further, the height H of the stage is 40-60m, the length L of the mine room is 40-60m, the width D of the intermediate pillar is 6-8m, and the thickness N of the top pillar is 4-6m.

[0018] Furthermore, the distance M between the transport connection tunnel and the boundary of the bottom space is 10-15m.

[0019] Furthermore, the inclination gradient of the ramp in the stage is controlled within 15%.

[0020] Furthermore, the angle of the cutting shaft is consistent with the inclination angle of the ore body, the length of the cutting shaft is 2.5-3m along the strike direction b of the ore body, and the width is 1.5-2m perpendicular to the strike direction b of the ore body.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a mining method for a deep hole empty field system in a steeply inclined thin ore body, the steps of which are:

[0022] S1. Stope layout: In each stage, multiple mine rooms are arranged along the strike direction b of the ore body, and pillars are left between adjacent mine rooms. No more sections are divided within the stage. Top pillars are left on the top of the mine room, and no bottom pillars are left;

[0023] S2, Mining: From the position of the center line of the intermediate pillar in the stage transportation tunnel, in the direction b perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, the stage segmented connecting tunnel and the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel are excavated in sequence until the boundary of the upper wall of the ore body; in the ore body, a bottom pulling tunnel is excavated along the strike direction b of the ore body, and connected to the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel; from the bottom pulling tunnel, the walls are expanded to the predetermined positions in the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body to form a bottom pulling space;

[0024] Between the stage segmentation connection tunnel and the pedestrian mine exit connection tunnel, a transportation connection tunnel is excavated along the strike direction b of the ore body, and a cutting tunnel is excavated in the middle position of the transportation connection tunnel corresponding to the mine room toward the upper wall direction d of the ore body, and a chute is excavated at the position of the transportation connection tunnel corresponding to the cutting tunnel;

[0025] The transport connection tunnel of this stage is connected with the transport connection tunnel of the adjacent stage in the direction b of the vertical ore body through the set stage ramp;

[0026] From the stage ramp, excavate a top-cutting layered connection tunnel along the direction b perpendicular to the strike of the ore body, and excavate a top-cutting layered stope connection tunnel along the strike of the ore body b. Excavate a vein-cutting top-cutting approach from the corresponding intermediate pillar centerline position of the top-cutting layered stope connection tunnel to the boundary of the upper wall of the ore body, excavate a top-cutting tunnel along the strike of the ore body b in the ore body, expand from the top-cutting tunnel to the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body to the predetermined position to form a top-cutting space, and drive anchor bolts to the top pillars above in the top-cutting space for top protection and support;

[0027] S3, cutting: At the intersection of the stage-level cutting tunnel and the bottom tunnel, a cutting shaft is excavated upwards, and deep holes parallel to the upper and lower walls of the ore body of the cutting shaft are drilled from the bottom tunnel, and deep holes parallel to the upper and lower walls of the ore body of the cutting shaft are drilled from the top cutting tunnel. A cutting groove is formed by one blast, and the ore is shoveled from the cutting tunnel by a scraper and transported to the transportation connection tunnel, and the ore is poured into the chute;

[0028] S4, mining: Drill upward parallel deep holes and downward parallel deep holes in the bottom pulling space and the top cutting space respectively, using the cutting groove formed in S3 as the free surface, and blast the ore in batches along the strike direction b of the ore body; the ore after blasting is first unloaded from the cutting tunnel by a manual shovel loader, and the ore in the remaining mine room is shoveled into the mine room by a remote-controlled shovel loader through the stage segmented connecting tunnel and the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel, and poured into the stage chute.

[0029] Furthermore, the distance between the downward parallel deep hole and the upward parallel deep hole is 1.5-2.0m, the distance between the downward parallel deep hole near the upper wall boundary of the ore body and the upper wall boundary of the ore body is 0.5-0.8m, and the distance between the upward parallel deep hole near the lower wall boundary of the ore body and the lower wall boundary of the ore body is 0.5-0.8m.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The present invention proposes a deep hole open field system and mining method for a steeply inclined thin ore body. The mine room is arranged along the direction of the ore body without dividing it into sections. The upper and lower stages and the top cutting layer are connected by stage ramps. Compared with the traditional ore retention method, the pedestrian ventilation skylight in the intermediate pillar is cancelled, the complex ore-exit structure at the stage level is simplified, the mining engineering workload is greatly reduced, and the mining efficiency is improved; the mine room has a reasonable structure, and the top pillars in the top cutting space are anchored for top support, which ensures the safety of workers' rock drilling and shovel loader mining operations and ensures the safety and stability of the mine room; the two-stage parallel deep hole rock drilling of the bottom pulling space and the top cutting space is adopted to increase the ore-dropping efficiency and avoid the blasting and depletion problems caused by the deviation rate of the blasthole of the stage deep hole; the remote control shovel loader is adopted to mine, which greatly improves the recovery efficiency of the thin ore body and reduces the labor intensity.

[0032] The present invention proposes an open-site mining method for deep-hole mining in a steeply inclined thin ore body, which reasonably balances the relationship between the mining structure, the mining engineering quantity and the mining cost under the condition of ensuring safe operation, and is suitable for promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of a deep hole open-field mining method for a steeply inclined thin ore body;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view Ⅰ-Ⅰ in the figure;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Ⅱ-Ⅱ section view in the figure;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The III-III section view in FIG.

[0037] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0038] 1-stage transportation tunnel; 2-stage segmented connecting tunnel; 3-transport connecting tunnel; 4-pedestrian exit connecting tunnel; 5-bottom pulling tunnel; 6-bottom pulling space; 7-chute; 8-stage ramp; 9-top cutting layer connecting tunnel; 10-top cutting layer stope connecting tunnel; 11-top cutting approach; 12-top cutting tunnel; 13-top cutting space; 14-top pillar; 15-downward parallel deep hole; 16-upward parallel deep hole; 17-intermediate pillar; 18-cutting tunnel; 19-cutting skylight; 20-ore body; 21-mine room; 22-upper wall of ore body; 23-lower wall of ore body; d is the direction of upper wall of ore body, e is the direction of lower wall of ore body, a is the inclination direction of ore body, b is the strike direction of ore body, and c is the vertical direction of ore body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] The steeply inclined thin ore body described in the present invention is an ore body with an inclination angle greater than 55° and a thickness of 0.8-4m. The stage described in the present invention is: in the vertical direction, at a certain distance, one or several main transport lanes consistent with the direction are excavated, and the ore body is divided into blocks in the vertical direction. This block is the stage, the main transport lane is the stage transport lane, and the vertical distance between the bottom plates of the upper and lower two adjacent stage transport lanes is the stage height.

[0041] The present invention proposes a medium-deep hole empty field system for steeply inclined thin ore bodies, which is no longer divided into sections within the stage, and adopts medium-deep hole ore dropping, cancels the skylight in the pillar for entering the mine room and ventilation, and the segmented mining and cutting engineering, simplifies the complex ore-exit structure of the stage level, and greatly reduces the mining engineering workload. The existing shallow hole ore-retention method and segmented mine room method ore-exit electric rake and flat bottom ore-exit system require the excavation of point rake tunnels and multiple ore-exit tunnels, and the ore-exit structure is complex; the present invention uses a remote control machine to enter the mine room to shovel ore, and the top plate of the cutting space is reinforced with anchor rods to increase the safety of the ore-exit process; the bottom pulling space and the cutting top space are used to drill parallel medium-deep holes upward and downward respectively, avoiding the problem of blasthole deflection caused by drilling a deep hole in the stage, and the upper and lower blastholes are blasted at the same time, which greatly increases the ore-exit efficiency.

[0042] like Figure 1-4As shown, in each stage, multiple mine rooms 21 are arranged along the strike direction b of the ore body, and pillars 17 are set between adjacent mine rooms 21. The pillars 17 are used to separate the mine rooms 21, control the length of the mine rooms 21, and maintain the stability of the mine rooms 21; a top pillar 14 is set on the top of the mine room 21; the top pillar 14 is used to maintain the stability of the mine room and separate the mine rooms at the upper and lower stages. It is suitable for steeply inclined thin ore bodies, ensures the working safety of workers, and ensures the stability and safety of the mine room 21.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, inside the bottom of the ore body 20, a bottom pulling tunnel 5 is set along the ore body strike direction b. The bottom pulling tunnel 5 is the working space for pulling the bottom, creating a free surface and compensation space for pulling the bottom; at the center line position of the bottom pulling tunnel 5 corresponding to the intermediate pillar 17, along the ore body inclination direction a, a pedestrian mine-exit communication tunnel 4 and a stage segment communication tunnel 2 are sequentially set, wherein the pedestrian mine-exit communication tunnel 4 serves as a passage for shovel loaders and workers to enter the bottom pulling space for rock drilling and mining, and the stage segment communication tunnel 2 serves as a passage connecting the stage transportation tunnel and the segment transportation tunnel; a transportation communication tunnel 3 is set between the pedestrian mine-exit communication tunnel 4 and the stage segment communication tunnel 2 along the ore body strike direction b, and the transportation communication tunnel 3 serves as a passage for transporting ore mined in the mine room and connects the various mine rooms; as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, a cutting tunnel 18 is set between the transport connection tunnel 3 and the ore body 20, and cutting and drilling are performed in the cutting tunnel 18 to form a cutting groove; a chute 7 is set on the other side of the transport connection tunnel 3 relative to the cutting tunnel 18, and the chute 7 slides the ore mined from the corresponding mine room 21 in this stage to the transport tunnel 1 of the next stage; the stage segmented connection tunnel 2 is far away from the tail end of the ore body 20, and a stage transport tunnel 1 is set along the strike direction b of the ore body, and the stage transport tunnel 1 is used to transport the ore mined in the stage;

[0044] Inside the top of the ore body 20, a top cutting tunnel 12 is set along the ore body strike direction b. The function of the top cutting tunnel 12 is similar to that of the bottom pulling tunnel 5. It is the working space for top cutting and creates a free surface and compensation space for top cutting. At the center line position of the intermediate pillar 17 corresponding to the top cutting tunnel 12, a top cutting approach 11 is set along the ore body inclination direction a. The top cutting approach 11 is a passage to enter the top cutting tunnel. The top cutting approach 11 is far away from the tail end of the ore body 20. A top cutting layered mining field communication tunnel 10 is set along the ore body strike direction b. The top cutting layered mining field communication tunnel 10 is a passage for connecting various mine rooms 21 along the ore body strike direction b. The top cutting layered mining field communication tunnel 10 is connected with the transportation communication tunnel 3 of this stage and the transportation communication tunnel 3 of the adjacent stage on the vertical ore body strike direction b through the set stage ramp 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the mine connection tunnel 10 is connected to the stage ramp 8 through the top-cut layered connection tunnel 9. The stage ramp 8 is used for personnel, shovel loaders and other trackless equipment to pass between stages. At the top of the ore body 20, personnel, shovel loaders and other trackless equipment can pass through the stage ramp 8, through the top-cut layered connection tunnel 9, and enter the mine connection tunnel 10, the top-cut entrance 11, and then enter the top-cut tunnel 12 in sequence; at the bottom of the ore body 20, they can pass through the stage ramp 8, enter the transportation connection tunnel 3, the pedestrian mine exit connection tunnel 4, and then enter the bottom pull tunnel 5 in sequence. It can realize the role of the pedestrian ventilation skylight in the existing structure, and greatly reduce the mining engineering workload compared to the existing mining structure simplifies the complex mine exit structure at the stage level.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the intersection of the cutting tunnel 18 and the bottom tunnel 5 is connected to the top cutting tunnel 12 through a cutting skylight 19, and the cutting skylight 19 provides a free surface and compensation space for the cutting groove blasting.

[0046] Compared with the existing structure, the above-mentioned medium-deep hole open field system for steeply inclined thin ore bodies eliminates the pedestrian ventilation skylight in the pillars, simplifies the complex stage-level mining structure, and greatly reduces the amount of mining engineering. Each tunnel is reasonably designed, with high space utilization and complete functions, which improves the economy of mining, makes the application of medium-deep hole blasting technology in thin ore bodies possible, improves production efficiency, and is suitable for steeply inclined thin ore bodies.

[0047] Further, the bottom pulling tunnel 5 is expanded to a predetermined position in the direction of the upper wall of the ore body d and the direction of the lower wall of the ore body e to form a bottom pulling space 6; the bottom pulling space 6 is used as a working space for upward rock drilling; the top cutting tunnel 12 is expanded to a predetermined position in the direction of the upper wall of the ore body d and the direction of the lower wall of the ore body e to form a top cutting space 13. The top cutting space 13 is used as a working space for downward rock drilling.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the predetermined position is a position 1.5-2 m beyond the upper wall 22 or the lower wall 23 of the ore body in the inclination direction a of the ore body, providing effective space for the rock drilling construction of the upper and lower wall side holes.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the top column 14 is reinforced in the top cutting space 13 to create safety conditions for the shovel loader to leave the mine; a sprayed anchor net is used for support, the anchor net thickness is 1-2m, the joints are well developed, and a small value is taken if the strength is low, otherwise a large value is taken.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the stage height H is 40-60m, the length L of the mine room 21 is 40-60m, the width D of the intermediate pillar 17 is 6-8m, and the thickness N of the top pillar 14 is 4-6m. Under these conditions, mining requirements are met.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the distance M between the transport connection tunnel 3 and the boundary of the bottom pulling space 6 is 10-15m. This distance is also the length of the pedestrian mine exit connection tunnel 4, which is at least about 1.5 times the length of the transport vehicle, that is, 10-15m.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the inclination gradient of the stage ramp 8 is controlled within 15%, so that trackless equipment and rock drilling equipment can pass up and down between stages, and can also play the role of ventilation and return air.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the angle of the cutting shaft 19 is consistent with the inclination of the ore body, the length of the cutting shaft 19, that is, the length along the ore body strike b, is 2.5-3m, and the width, that is, the length along the direction b perpendicular to the ore body strike b, is 1.5-2m.

[0054] The present invention also proposes an open-field mining method for deep-hole ore dropping in a steeply inclined thin ore body, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Stope layout: In each stage, the mine rooms 21 are arranged along the ore body, and pillars 17 are left between adjacent mine rooms 21. No more segmentation is done within the stage. A top pillar 14 is left on the top of the mine room 21, and no bottom pillar is left;

[0056] The length L of the mine room 21 refers to the distance between the pillars 17 at both ends along the strike direction b of the ore body, preferably 40-60m, the width A is the distance between the pillars 17 and the stage transportation tunnel 1 along the inclined direction a of the ore body, and the height H is the distance between the upper surface of the top pillar 14 along the vertical direction c of the ore body and the bottom surface of the pedestrian mine access tunnel 4, that is, the height of the stage, preferably 40-60m; the width D of the pillar 17 refers to its length along the strike direction a of the ore body, preferably 6m, and the thickness N of the top pillar 14 refers to its length in the vertical direction c of the ore body, preferably 4-6m.

[0057] S2, mining: from the center line position of the intermediate pillar 17 of the stage transportation tunnel 1, in the direction perpendicular to the strike direction b of the ore body, successively excavate the stage segmented connecting tunnel 2 and the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel 4 until the boundary of the upper wall direction d of the ore body; excavate the bottom pulling tunnel 5 in the ore body 20 along the strike direction b of the ore body, and connect the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnels 4 on both sides of the mine room 21, and expand from the bottom pulling tunnel 5 to the upper wall direction d of the ore body and the lower wall direction e of the ore body to the predetermined position to form the bottom pulling space 6;

[0058] Between the stage segmented connecting tunnel 2 and the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel 4, a transport connecting tunnel 3 is excavated along the strike direction b of the ore body, a cutting tunnel 18 is excavated in the middle position of the transport connecting tunnel 3 corresponding to the mine room 21 toward the upper wall direction d of the ore body, and a chute 7 is excavated at the position of the transport connecting tunnel 3 corresponding to the cutting tunnel 18;

[0059] The transport connection tunnels 3 of adjacent stages on the vertical ore body strike direction b are connected by the set stage ramp 8; a top-cutting layered connection tunnel 9 is excavated perpendicular to the ore body strike direction b from a predetermined position, and a top-cutting layered mining field connection tunnel 10 is excavated along the ore body strike direction b, and the top-cutting layered mining field connection tunnel 10 is connected with the stage ramp 8 through the top-cutting layered connection tunnel 9; a vein-penetrating top-cutting route 11 is excavated from the top-cutting layered mining field connection tunnel 10 corresponding to the center line position of the intermediate pillar 17 to enter the ore body, and a top-cutting tunnel 12 is excavated from the top-cutting routes 11 on both sides of the mine room corresponding to the center line position of the ore body, and the top-cutting tunnel 12 is expanded from the top-cutting tunnel 12 to the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body to the predetermined position to form a top-cutting space 13, and anchor rods are driven upward in the top-cutting space 13 for top support.

[0060] S3. Cutting: At the intersection of the stage-level cutting tunnel 18 and the bottom tunnel 5, a cutting shaft 19 is excavated upwards, and upward parallel deep holes 16 are drilled from the bottom tunnel 5 in the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and in the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body in the cutting shaft 19, and downward parallel deep holes 15 are drilled from the top cutting tunnel 12 in the direction d of the upper wall of the ore body and in the direction e of the lower wall of the ore body in the cutting shaft 19. A cutting groove is formed by one blasting, and the ore is shoveled from the cutting tunnel 18 by a scraper and poured into the chute 7 in the transport tunnel.

[0061] S4, mining: Drilling upward parallel deep holes 16 and downward parallel deep holes 15 in the bottom pulling space 6 and the top cutting space 13 respectively, with the cutting groove formed in S3 as the free surface, blasting and dropping the ore in batches along the strike direction b of the ore body; the ore after blasting is first taken out of the ore from the cutting tunnel 18 by a manual scraper, and the ore in the rest of the mine room 21 is shoveled into the mine room 21 by a remote-controlled scraper through the stage segmented connecting tunnel 2 and the pedestrian mine-out connecting tunnel 4, and poured into the stage chute 7. Using a remote-controlled scraper to mine, the mining efficiency of thin ore bodies is greatly improved and the labor intensity is reduced.

[0062] The distance between the downward parallel deep hole 15 and the upward parallel deep hole 16 is 1.5-2.0m, the distance between the downward parallel deep hole 15 close to the upper plate ore-rock boundary and the upper plate ore-rock boundary is 0.5-0.8m, and the distance between the upward parallel deep hole 16 close to the lower plate ore-rock boundary and the lower plate ore-rock boundary is 0.5-0.8m.

[0063] In the present invention, the bottom pulling tunnel 5 at the bottom of the ore body 20 and the top cutting tunnel 12 at the top are used to drill two-stage parallel upward parallel deep holes 16 and downward parallel deep holes 15 for blasting and dropping ore. Compared with the existing method, the ore dropping efficiency of steeply inclined thin ore bodies is improved, and the problem of large blasthole deviation rate when drilling a deep and long hole is avoided, thereby avoiding blasting and depletion problems.

[0064] In summary, the deep hole open field system and mining method for steeply inclined thin ore bodies proposed in the present invention can reasonably balance the relationship between the mining structure, the mining quantity and the mining cost under the condition of ensuring safe operation, and is suitable for promotion.

[0065] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole empty field system for steeply inclined thin ore bodies, characterized in that: In each stage, a plurality of mine rooms (21) are arranged along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, intermediate pillars (17) are arranged between adjacent mine rooms (21), and a top pillar (14) is arranged on the top of the mine room (21); the ore body area surrounded by the intermediate pillars (17) and the top pillar (14) is the ore body (20) in the mine room (21); A bottom pull tunnel (5) is provided inside the bottom of the ore body (20) along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; a pedestrian mine exit connection tunnel (4) and a stage segment connection tunnel (2) are provided in sequence along the inclination direction (a) of the ore body at the center line position of the bottom pull tunnel (5) corresponding to the intermediate pillar (17); a transport connection tunnel (3) is provided between the pedestrian mine exit connection tunnel (4) and the stage segment connection tunnel (2) along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; a cutting tunnel (18) is provided between the transport connection tunnel (3) and the ore body (20), and a chute (7) is provided on the other side of the transport connection tunnel (3) relative to the cutting tunnel (18); a stage transport tunnel (1) is provided at the end of the stage segment connection tunnel (2) away from the ore body (20) along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; A top cutting tunnel (12) is provided inside the top of the ore body (20) along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; a top cutting access road (11) is provided at the center line position of the intermediate pillar (17) corresponding to the top cutting tunnel (12) along the inclination direction (a) of the ore body; the top cutting access road (11) is away from the tail end of the ore body (20), and a top cutting layer stope connection tunnel (10) is provided along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; the top cutting layer stope connection tunnel (10) is connected to the transport connection tunnel (3) of the current stage through the provided stage ramp (8), and the transport connection tunnels (3) of adjacent stages perpendicular to the strike direction (b) of the ore body are connected through the provided stage ramp (8); The intersection of the cutting tunnel (18) and the bottom tunnel (5) is connected to the top cutting tunnel (12) through a cutting skylight (19).

2. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: From the bottom pull tunnel (5), the wall is expanded to a predetermined position in the direction of the upper wall (d) of the ore body and the direction of the lower wall (e) of the ore body; from the top cutting tunnel (12), the wall is expanded to a predetermined position in the direction of the upper wall (d) of the ore body and the direction of the lower wall (e) of the ore body to form a top cutting space (13).

3. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The predetermined position is a position 1.5-2 m beyond the upper wall (22) or the lower wall (23) of the ore body in the ore body inclination direction (a).

4. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An anchor rod is arranged inside the top column (14).

5. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height H of the stage is 40-60m, the length L of the mine room (21) is 40-60m, the width D of the intermediate pillar (17) is 6-8m, and the thickness N of the top pillar (14) is 4-6m.

6. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance M between the transport connection tunnel (3) and the boundary of the bottom space (6) is 10-15m.

7. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclination gradient of the stage ramp (8) is controlled within 15%.

8. The deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle of the cutting rise (19) is consistent with the inclination angle of the ore body. The length of the cutting rise (19) is 2.5-3 m along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, and the width is 1.5-2 m perpendicular to the strike direction (b) of the ore body.

9. A mining method for a deep hole empty field system in a steeply inclined thin ore body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are: S1. Mining site layout: In each stage, multiple mining rooms (21) are arranged along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, and pillars (17) are left between adjacent mining rooms (21). No segmentation is required within the stage. A top pillar (14) is left on the top of the mining room (21), and no bottom pillar is left; S2, mining: from the centerline position of the intermediate pillar (17) corresponding to the stage transportation tunnel (1), in the direction perpendicular to the strike of the ore body (b), the stage segmented connecting tunnel (2) and the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel (4) are successively excavated until the boundary of the upper wall (22) of the ore body; a bottom tunnel (5) is excavated in the ore body (20) along the strike of the ore body (b), and connected to the pedestrian mine exit connecting tunnel (4); from the bottom tunnel (5), the wall is expanded in the direction of the upper wall (d) and the direction of the lower wall (e) of the ore body to the predetermined position to form a bottom space (6); Between the stage segmented connecting tunnel (2) and the pedestrian exit connecting tunnel (4), a transport connecting tunnel (3) is excavated along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, a cutting tunnel (18) is excavated from the middle position of the transport connecting tunnel (3) corresponding to the mine room (21) toward the upper wall of the ore body (d), and a chute (7) is excavated at the position of the transport connecting tunnel (3) corresponding to the cutting tunnel (18); The transport connection tunnel (3) of this stage is connected with the transport connection tunnel (3) of the adjacent stage in the direction (b) perpendicular to the strike of the ore body through the set stage ramp (8); A top-cutting layered connecting tunnel (9) is excavated from the stage ramp (8) along a direction perpendicular to the strike direction (b) of the ore body, and a top-cutting layered stope connecting tunnel (10) is excavated along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, a vein-cutting top entry (11) is excavated from the center line position of the intermediate pillar (17) corresponding to the top-cutting layered stope connecting tunnel (10) to the boundary of the upper wall (22) of the ore body, a top-cutting tunnel (12) is excavated in the ore body (20) along the strike direction (b) of the ore body, and a top-cutting tunnel (12) is expanded from the top-cutting tunnel (12) to a predetermined position in the direction of the upper wall (d) and the direction of the lower wall (e) of the ore body to form a top-cutting space (13), and anchor rods are driven into the top pillar (14) above the top-cutting space (13) for top support; S3, cutting: at the intersection of the stage-level cutting tunnel (18) and the bottom tunnel (5), a cutting shaft (19) is excavated upwards, and upward parallel deep holes (16) are drilled from the bottom tunnel (5) in the direction of the upper wall (d) and the lower wall (e) of the ore body of the cutting shaft (19), and downward parallel deep holes (15) are drilled from the top cutting tunnel (12) in the direction of the upper wall (d) and the lower wall (e) of the ore body of the cutting shaft (19), a cutting groove is formed by one blasting, and the ore is shoveled from the cutting tunnel (18) by a scraper, transported to the transportation connection tunnel (3), and poured into the chute (7); S4, mining: Drilling upward parallel deep holes (16) and downward parallel deep holes (15) in the bottom pulling space (6) and the top cutting space (13) respectively, using the cutting groove formed in S3 as the free surface, and blasting the ore in batches along the strike direction (b) of the ore body; the blasted ore is first unloaded from the cutting tunnel (18) by a manual shovel loader, and the ore in the remaining mine room (21) is shoveled into the mine room (21) by a remote-controlled shovel loader through the stage segment connection tunnel (2) and the pedestrian mine connection tunnel (4), and poured into the stage chute (7).

10. The mining method of the deep hole empty field system of steeply inclined thin ore body according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The distance between the downward parallel deep hole (15) and the upward parallel deep hole (16) is 1.5-2.0 m, the distance between the downward parallel deep hole (15) close to the boundary of the upper wall (22) of the ore body and the boundary of the upper wall (22) of the ore body is 0.5-0.8 m, and the distance between the upward parallel deep hole (16) close to the boundary of the lower wall (23) of the ore body and the boundary of the lower wall (23) of the ore body is 0.5-0.8 m.

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