High power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode and operation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode and its operation method, which relates to the field of high-end equipment. The high-voltage electrode is located at the end of the inner casing, and is insulated from the low-voltage electrode by a first cyclone and an insulating interface. The present invention generates sliding arc discharge by the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, and forms a rotating sliding arc under the action of strong cyclone to generate large-area discharge; at the same time, liquid ammonia is introduced into the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, and the liquid ammonia gasification and heat absorption process is used to reduce the electrode surface temperature, thereby increasing the electrode life and allowing a higher discharge power. The vaporized ammonia is ejected through a small diameter hole and mixed with the sliding arc plasma to form a flame. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of high-power sliding arc electrodes such as high temperature and low life, and can achieve a significant improvement in sliding arc power, electrode life and ignition performance within a limited size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-end equipment, and in particular to a high-power sliding arc igniter based on a gas-liquid cooling electrode and an operating method thereof, which are used for developing a new type of zero-carbon burner. Background Art

[0002] In order to reduce carbon emissions from fossil energy, it is necessary to vigorously develop green new energy, including photovoltaics, wind power, etc. Due to the strong random volatility of wind and solar energy, the low utilization rate of new energy, resulting in waste of resources, so energy storage technology is needed to smooth the peak and fill the valley. Hydrogen energy, as a kind of energy storage technology, has the advantages of being green, efficient, carbon-free, and having a long storage time. It is an important part of the future energy system and will help accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of high-energy-consuming and high-carbon emission industries. However, the large-scale application of hydrogen energy urgently needs to break through low-cost and high-efficiency fuel cell technology and low-cost and safe hydrogen storage and transportation technology. Among them, the poor safety and high cost of hydrogen storage and transportation have become the main difficulties in the development of hydrogen energy.

[0003] As a hydrogen carrier, ammonia has the characteristics of high energy density, low storage and transportation cost, and high safety, and is expected to break through the bottleneck of hydrogen energy development. However, in the application process of ammonia fuel, there are problems such as low flame propagation speed, difficult ignition, poor flame stability, NO x Problems such as high emissions need to be addressed urgently.

[0004] Scholars in this field have conducted in-depth research on the problems of difficult ammonia ignition and poor flame stability, including technologies such as adding fossil fuels to ammonia, adding ammonia to hydrogen, oxygen-enriched combustion, plasma-assisted combustion and staged combustion technology. Among them, adding fossil fuels to ammonia can effectively increase the flame propagation speed of the fuel, but it cannot completely solve the carbon emission problem; ammonia blended with hydrogen combustion can increase the flame propagation speed without additional carbon emissions, but the storage and transportation of hydrogen or online cracking of ammonia to produce hydrogen technology needs further research; oxygen-enriched combustion technology has low difficulty and high cost, which greatly reduces the economy of ammonia combustion and loses its competitive advantage. Plasma can enhance combustion through thermal, chemical and transport effects, effectively reduce ignition delay time and increase flame propagation speed. The patent "A sliding arc plasma duty flame head in an aircraft engine combustion chamber" is a Chinese patent application with application number CN202111216787.1. Its fuel nozzle is located in the cathode sleeve, and sliding arc discharge is generated at the outlet of the swirler, which improves the quality of the outlet temperature field and increases the service life of the aircraft engine turbine; the patent "A three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma exciter combined with a single and double path" is a Chinese patent application with application number CN202110298162.8. The inner and outer groups of swirlers correspond to a group of electrodes respectively, which can generate two sliding arcs at the same time, broaden the ignition boundary of the aircraft engine combustion chamber, and improve combustion efficiency; the patent "A variable sliding arc plasma central graded combustion chamber head" is a Chinese patent application with application number CN202310426844.1. Electrodes are arranged in the main combustion stage and the duty stage respectively to generate two sliding arcs, and the swirler can be disassembled and replaced, which has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and low cost. The above-mentioned sliding arc plasma actuators are all used for the ignition of kerosene in aircraft engines. Due to their low discharge power and heat release power, they cannot meet the stable combustion of ammonia at high flow rates, and are prone to ammonia escape problems caused by incomplete combustion. In particular, when liquid ammonia is introduced into high-power burners as fuel, higher requirements are placed on the ignition performance of the igniter.

[0005] However, directly increasing the discharge power of the sliding arc igniter will cause the electrode surface temperature to be too high, accelerate the electrode surface ablation, and seriously affect the igniter life.

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned ammonia combustion and high-power sliding arc igniter life problems, the present invention proposes a high-power sliding arc igniter solution based on gas-liquid cooling electrodes, which can effectively solve the problems of difficult ammonia ignition under high flow rate and large flow rate, unstable and insufficient combustion, etc. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrodes to achieve reliable ignition and stable combustion of ammonia in a burner.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A high-power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode comprises a first ammonia supply pipe, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a first cyclone, a high-voltage electrode, a second cyclone, a guide sleeve, a second ammonia supply pipe, an insulating interface, a third ammonia supply pipe, an electromagnetic valve, a fourth ammonia supply pipe, an igniter mounting seat, and a low-voltage electrode; wherein the high-voltage electrode is connected to the high voltage of a power supply; the low-voltage electrode is grounded; the inner sleeve is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode and is insulated from the outer sleeve by a first cyclone made of insulating material; the first ammonia supply pipe is connected to the high-voltage electrode by means of threads or interference fit; the second ammonia supply pipe is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode by means of threads or interference fit, and one end of the second ammonia supply pipe is connected to the insulating interface to achieve Insulation between the third ammonia supply pipes; one end of the third ammonia supply pipe is connected to the insulating interface, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve; the fourth ammonia supply pipe is respectively connected to the solenoid valve and the fourth air inlet of the igniter mounting seat; the low-voltage electrode is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat by interference fit or threading, and ensures that the low-voltage electrode air inlet is connected to the supply ring of the igniter mounting seat; the outer sleeve is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat and connected to the first cyclone made of insulating material, so that the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are insulated through the first cyclone and the insulating interface; the second cyclone is sleeved on the low-voltage electrode and connected with the guide sleeve; the guide sleeve is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat by interference fit or threading;

[0010] Furthermore, the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, the first cyclone, the high-voltage electrode, the second cyclone, the guide sleeve, the igniter mounting seat and the low-voltage electrode are all coaxial;

[0011] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode is located on the inner side of the low-voltage electrode and maintains a discharge gap of 1-8 mm with the low-voltage electrode; the high-voltage electrode includes a high-voltage electrode air outlet, a high-voltage electrode air inlet, a high-voltage electrode small-diameter hole, an electrode heat dissipation groove and a high-voltage electrode concave annular surface; the high-voltage electrode air outlet and the high-voltage electrode air inlet are located at the tail of the high-voltage electrode and are connected to the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode, and at the same time, the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode is connected to the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode; the small-diameter holes of the high-voltage electrode are distributed 4 to 20 along the circumference of the high-voltage electrode, and several are distributed along the axial direction, with an inclination angle of 2. 10°~60°, hole diameter The electrode heat dissipation groove has a width of 1 mm to 5 mm, and its shape is any one or a combination of several along the axial direction and the spiral direction; the high-voltage electrode concave annular surface is located at the front end of the high-voltage electrode and is provided with a conical surface, the angle of which is It is 10°~70°.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-voltage electrode includes a low-voltage electrode air inlet and a low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole; the low-voltage electrode air inlet is located at the tail end of the low-voltage electrode, is evenly distributed along the circumference, is connected to the supply ring, and is connected to the internal concave cavity of the low-voltage electrode; the low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole is located on the outer wall of the low-voltage electrode, is distributed 4 to 30 in the circumferential direction, and is distributed in a plurality of axial directions, and the inclination angle of the low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole is 10°~60°, hole diameter The inner wall of the low-voltage electrode is expanded, and the angle of the low-voltage electrode is 5°~30°.

[0013] Furthermore, the igniter mounting seat includes a supply ring and a fourth air inlet, and the supply ring is connected along the circumferential direction and is connected to the fourth air inlet through a pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the total opening area of ​​the small diameter holes of the low voltage electrode is larger than the total opening area of ​​the small diameter holes of the high voltage electrode, and the flow through the small diameter holes of the low voltage electrode and the small diameter holes of the high voltage electrode can be controlled separately by valves, flow control meters and other devices.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-power sliding arc igniter has four working modes. In working mode one, air is introduced into the first air inlet, enters the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe, part of the air is ejected through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the air is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and is ejected from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode two, ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet, enters the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe, part of the ammonia is ejected through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and is ejected from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode three , liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet at a small flow rate, and enters the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe. By adjusting the solenoid valve, 20%~70% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and is sprayed out from the small diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode four, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet at a large flow rate, and enters the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe. By adjusting the solenoid valve, less than 30% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and is sprayed out from the small diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode;

[0016] Furthermore, the sliding arc igniter uses gas-liquid cooling of electrodes to reduce the surface temperature of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, thereby increasing the life of the igniter and the discharge power;

[0017] Furthermore, liquid ammonia is used to cool the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode. On the one hand, the liquid ammonia vaporizes and absorbs heat, which can reduce the electrode temperature and increase the electrode life and discharge power. On the other hand, after the vaporized ammonia is mixed with air, it is oxidized and releases heat under the action of the sliding arc, thereby increasing the igniter outlet temperature.

[0018] Furthermore, the performance of the sliding arc igniter is from strong to weak: working mode four, working mode three, working mode two, working mode one; the discharge power of the sliding arc igniter is from large to small: working mode four, working mode three, working mode two, working mode one; the performance of the sliding arc igniter in working mode two is higher than that in working mode one, because after the ammonia gas introduced into the discharge zone releases heat, the temperature and active component density of the igniter outlet are increased.

[0019] In working mode 1, air is introduced into the first air inlet, enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe, part of the air is ejected through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the air is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and ejected from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode;

[0020] In working mode 2, ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet, enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe, part of the ammonia is ejected through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and ejected from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode;

[0021] In working mode three, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet at a small flow rate, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe. By adjusting the solenoid valve, 20% to 70% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and sprayed out from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode;

[0022] In working mode four, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet at a large flow rate, and enters the internal cavity of the high-voltage electrode through the first ammonia supply pipe. By adjusting the solenoid valve, less than 30% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small-diameter hole of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode through the second ammonia supply pipe, the insulating interface, the third ammonia supply pipe, the solenoid valve, the fourth ammonia supply pipe and the igniter mounting seat, and is sprayed out from the small-diameter hole of the low-voltage electrode.

[0023] Furthermore, the operating method of the sliding arc igniter is as follows:

[0024] 1) Open the second and third air inlets and let in air to reach the set flow rate;

[0025] 2) Open the first air inlet, introduce air, ammonia gas or liquid ammonia according to the working mode of the igniter, set its flow rate, and further adjust the solenoid valve to control the flow rate into the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode;

[0026] 3) Turn on the sliding arc power supply and set the discharge power to generate sliding arc plasma to ignite the injected ammonia gas or liquid ammonia.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The present invention adopts a gas-liquid cooling electrode method to reduce the electrode surface temperature, reduce the electrode ablation rate, and increase the life of the sliding arc igniter, which can greatly increase the discharge power of the sliding arc igniter, thereby improving the performance of the sliding arc igniter; in particular, liquid ammonia is introduced into the high-power ammonia burner, which places extremely high requirements on the performance of the igniter. The present invention fully utilizes the heat absorption characteristic of liquid ammonia vaporization to reduce the temperature of the electrode and increase its life. After the vaporized ammonia is mixed with air, it is oxidized and releases heat under the action of the sliding arc, thereby increasing the outlet temperature of the igniter; the scheme proposed by the present invention has three benefits for improving the performance of the igniter: first, the electrode temperature is reduced by liquid ammonia vaporization to increase the life of the electrode; second, the reduction in electrode temperature can achieve higher power sliding arc discharge; third, the oxidation of the vaporized ammonia increases the outlet temperature of the igniter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrodes;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the low voltage electrode of a high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooled electrodes;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the high voltage electrode of a high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooled electrodes.

[0032] In the figure: 1-first ammonia supply pipe; 1-1-first air inlet; 2-inner casing; 2-1-inner casing wall; 3-outer casing; 3-1-second air inlet; 4-first cyclone; 5-high-voltage electrode; 5-1-high-voltage electrode air outlet; 5-2-high-voltage electrode air inlet; 5-3-high-voltage electrode small-diameter hole; 5-4-electrode heat dissipation groove; 5-5-high-voltage electrode concave annular surface; 6-second cyclone; 7-guide sleeve; 7-1-third air inlet; 8-second ammonia supply pipe; 9-insulating interface; 10-third ammonia supply pipe; 11-solenoid valve; 12-fourth ammonia supply pipe; 13-igniter mounting seat; 13-1-supply ring; 13-2-fourth air inlet; 14-low-voltage electrode; 14-1-low-voltage electrode air inlet; 14-2-low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a high-power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode comprises a first ammonia supply pipe 1, an inner sleeve 2, an outer sleeve 3, a first cyclone 4, a high-voltage electrode 5, a second cyclone 6, a guide sleeve 7, a second ammonia supply pipe 8, an insulating interface 9, a third ammonia supply pipe 10, an electromagnetic valve 11, a fourth ammonia supply pipe 12, an igniter mounting seat 13, and a low-voltage electrode 14; wherein the high-voltage electrode 5 is connected to the high voltage of the power supply; the low-voltage electrode 14 is grounded; the inner sleeve 2 is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode 5, and is insulated from the outer sleeve 3 by the first cyclone 4 made of insulating material; the first ammonia supply pipe 1 is connected to the high-voltage electrode 5 by means of threads or interference fit; the second ammonia supply pipe 8 is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode 5 by means of threads or interference fit, and the other end of the second ammonia supply pipe 8 is connected to the insulating interface 9 to achieve connection with the third ammonia supply pipe 10; one end of the third ammonia supply pipe 10 is connected to the insulating interface 9, and the other end is connected to the solenoid valve 11; the fourth ammonia supply pipe 12 is respectively connected to the solenoid valve 11 and the fourth air inlet 13-2 of the igniter mounting seat 13; the low-voltage electrode 14 is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat 13 by interference fit or thread, and ensures that the low-voltage electrode air inlet 14-1 is connected to the supply ring 13-1 of the igniter mounting seat 13; the outer sleeve 3 is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat 13 and connected to the first cyclone 4 made of insulating material, so that the high-voltage electrode 5 and the low-voltage electrode 14 are insulated through the first cyclone 4 and the insulating interface 9; the second cyclone 6 is sleeved on the low-voltage electrode 14 and is connected with the guide sleeve 7; the guide sleeve 7 is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat 13 by interference fit or thread;

[0035] The inner sleeve 2, the outer sleeve 3, the first cyclone 4, the high-voltage electrode 5, the second cyclone 6, the guide sleeve 7, the igniter mounting seat 13 and the low-voltage electrode 14 are all coaxial;

[0036] The high-voltage electrode 5 is located on the inner side of the low-voltage electrode 14 and maintains a discharge gap of 4 mm with the low-voltage electrode 14; the structure of the high-voltage electrode 5 includes a high-voltage electrode air outlet 5-1, a high-voltage electrode air inlet 5-2, a high-voltage electrode small-diameter hole 5-3, an electrode heat dissipation groove 5-4 and a high-voltage electrode concave annular surface 5-5; the high-voltage electrode air outlet 5-1 and the high-voltage electrode air inlet 5-2 are located at the tail of the high-voltage electrode 5 and are connected to the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5; at the same time, the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5 is connected to the small-diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode; the small-diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode is distributed in 15 circumferential directions and in 3 rows in the axial direction, with an inclination angle of is 45°, hole diameter 1mm; the electrode heat dissipation groove 5-4 has a width L1 of 2mm, and its shape is any one or a combination of several along the axial direction and the spiral direction; the high-voltage electrode concave annular surface 5-5 is located at the front end of the high-voltage electrode 5 and is provided with a conical surface, the angle of which is is 45°.

[0037] The low-voltage electrode 14 includes a low-voltage electrode air inlet 14-1 and a low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole 14-2; the low-voltage electrode air inlet 14-1 is located at the tail end of the low-voltage electrode 14, is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, is connected to the supply ring 13-1, and is connected to the inner cavity of the low-voltage electrode 14; the low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole 14-2 is located on the outer wall of the low-voltage electrode 14, is distributed in 20 circumferential directions, and is distributed in 3 rows along the axial direction, and its inclination angle is is 45°, hole diameter 2mm; the inner wall of the low-voltage electrode 14 is expanded, and its angle is 15°.

[0038] The igniter mount 13 includes a supply ring 13 - 1 and a fourth air inlet 13 - 2 . The supply ring 13 - 1 is connected in the circumferential direction and is connected to the fourth air inlet 13 - 2 through a pipe.

[0039] The total opening area of ​​the low-voltage electrode small-diameter holes 14-2 is larger than the total opening area of ​​the high-voltage electrode small-diameter holes 5-3, and the flow through the low-voltage electrode small-diameter holes 14-2 and the high-voltage electrode small-diameter holes 5-3 can be controlled separately by valves, flow control meters and other devices.

[0040] The high-power sliding arc igniter has four working modes. In working mode one, air is introduced into the first air inlet 1-1, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5 through the first ammonia supply pipe 1. Part of the air is ejected through the small-diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the air is introduced into the low-voltage electrode 14 through the second ammonia supply pipe 8, the insulating interface 9, the third ammonia supply pipe 10, the solenoid valve 11, the fourth ammonia supply pipe 12 and the igniter mounting seat 13, and is ejected from the small-diameter hole 14-2 of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode two, ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet 1-1, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5 through the first ammonia supply pipe 1, and part of the ammonia is ejected through the small-diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode 14 through the second ammonia supply pipe 8, the insulating interface 9, the third ammonia supply pipe 10, the solenoid valve 11, the fourth ammonia supply pipe 12 and the igniter mounting seat 13, and is ejected from the small-diameter hole 14-2 of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode three, the first Liquid ammonia is introduced into the air inlet 1-1 at a small flow rate, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5 through the first ammonia supply pipe 1. By adjusting the solenoid valve 11, 50% of the liquid ammonia is ejected through the small diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode 14 through the second ammonia supply pipe 8, the insulating interface 9, the third ammonia supply pipe 10, the solenoid valve 11, the fourth ammonia supply pipe 12 and the igniter mounting seat 13, and is ejected from the small diameter hole 14-2 of the low-voltage electrode; in working mode four, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet 1-1 at a large flow rate, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode 5 through the first ammonia supply pipe 1. By adjusting the solenoid valve 11, less than 10% of the liquid ammonia is ejected through the small diameter hole 5-3 of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode 14 through the second ammonia supply pipe 8, the insulating interface 9, the third ammonia supply pipe 10, the solenoid valve 11, the fourth ammonia supply pipe 12 and the igniter mounting seat 13, and is ejected from the small diameter hole 14-2 of the low-voltage electrode;

[0041] The sliding arc igniter uses gas-liquid cooling of electrodes to reduce the surface temperature of the high-voltage electrode 5 and the low-voltage electrode 14, thereby increasing the igniter life and discharge power;

[0042] Liquid ammonia is used to cool the high-voltage electrode 5 and the low-voltage electrode 14. On the one hand, the liquid ammonia vaporizes and absorbs heat, which can reduce the electrode temperature and increase the electrode life and discharge power. On the other hand, after the vaporized ammonia is mixed with air, it oxidizes and releases heat under the action of the sliding arc, thereby increasing the igniter outlet temperature.

[0043] The performance of the sliding arc igniter is from strong to weak: working mode four, working mode three, working mode two, working mode one; the discharge power of the sliding arc igniter is from large to small: working mode four, working mode three, working mode two, working mode one; the performance of the sliding arc igniter in working mode two is higher than that in working mode one, because after the ammonia gas introduced into the discharge zone releases heat, the temperature and active component density of the igniter outlet are increased.

[0044] The operating method of the sliding arc igniter is as follows:

[0045] 1) Open the second air inlet 3-1 and the third air inlet 7-1, and let in air to reach the set flow rate;

[0046] 2) Open the first air inlet 1-1, introduce air, ammonia gas or liquid ammonia according to the working mode of the igniter, and set its flow rate, and further adjust the solenoid valve 11 to control the flow rate into the high-voltage electrode 5 and the low-voltage electrode 14;

[0047] 3) Turn on the sliding arc power supply and set the discharge power to generate sliding arc plasma to ignite the injected ammonia gas or liquid ammonia.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. High power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooled electrodes, characterized by: The invention comprises a first ammonia supply pipe (1), an inner sleeve (2), an outer sleeve (3), a first cyclone (4), a high-voltage electrode (5), a second cyclone (6), a guide sleeve (7), a second ammonia supply pipe (8), an insulating interface (9), a third ammonia supply pipe (10), an electromagnetic valve (11), a fourth ammonia supply pipe (12), an igniter mounting seat (13), and a low-voltage electrode (14); wherein the high-voltage electrode (5) is connected to a high voltage of a power supply; the low-voltage electrode (14) is grounded; the inner sleeve (2) is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode (5) and is insulated from the outer sleeve (3) through the first cyclone (4); the first ammonia supply pipe (1) is connected to the high-voltage electrode (5); the second ammonia supply pipe (8) is sleeved on the high-voltage electrode (5), one end of the second ammonia supply pipe (8) is connected to the insulating interface (9) to achieve insulation between the second ammonia supply pipe (8) and the third ammonia supply pipe (10); the One end of the third ammonia supply pipe (10) is connected to the insulating interface (9), and the other end is connected to the electromagnetic valve (11); the fourth ammonia supply pipe (12) is respectively connected to the electromagnetic valve (11) and the fourth air inlet (13-2) of the igniter mounting seat (13); the low-voltage electrode (14) is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat (13), and ensures that the low-voltage electrode air inlet (14-1) is connected to the supply ring (13-1) of the igniter mounting seat (13); the outer sleeve (3) is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat (13) and connected to the first cyclone (4), so that the high-voltage electrode (5) and the low-voltage electrode (14) are insulated through the first cyclone (4) and the insulating interface (9); the second cyclone (6) is sleeved on the low-voltage electrode (14) and is connected to the guide sleeve (7); the guide sleeve (7) is sleeved on the igniter mounting seat (13); The inner sleeve (2), the outer sleeve (3), the first cyclone (4), the high-voltage electrode (5), the second cyclone (6), the guide sleeve (7), the igniter mounting seat (13) and the low-voltage electrode (14) are all coaxial; The high-voltage electrode (5) is located on the inner side of the low-voltage electrode (14) and maintains a discharge gap of 1-8 mm with the low-voltage electrode (14); the high-voltage electrode (5) comprises a high-voltage electrode air outlet (5-1), a high-voltage electrode air inlet (5-2), a high-voltage electrode small-diameter hole (5-3), an electrode heat dissipation groove (5-4) and a high-voltage electrode concave annular surface (5-5); the high-voltage electrode air outlet (5-1) and the high-voltage electrode air inlet (5-2) are located at the tail of the high-voltage electrode (5) and are connected to the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5); the internal concave cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5) is connected to the high-voltage electrode small-diameter hole (5-3); 4 to 20 of the high-voltage electrode small-diameter holes (5-3) are distributed along the circumference of the high-voltage electrode (5), and a number of them are distributed along the axial direction, with an inclination angle of 1. 10°~60°, hole diameter The electrode heat dissipation groove (5-4) has a width of 1 mm to 5 mm, and its shape is any one or a combination of several along the axial direction and the spiral direction; the high-voltage electrode concave annular surface (5-5) is located at the front end of the high-voltage electrode (5) and is provided with a conical surface, the angle of which is 10°~ 70°.

2. The high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage electrode (14) comprises a low-voltage electrode air inlet (14-1) and a low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole (14-2); the low-voltage electrode air inlet (14-1) is located at the tail end of the low-voltage electrode (14), is evenly distributed along the circumference, is connected to the supply ring (13-1), and is connected to the internal cavity of the low-voltage electrode (14); the low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole (14-2) is located on the outer wall of the low-voltage electrode (14), is distributed in 4 to 30 directions along the circumference, and is distributed in a plurality of directions along the axial direction, and the inclination angle of the low-voltage electrode small-diameter hole (14-2) is 10°~60°, hole diameter The inner wall of the low-voltage electrode (14) is expanded, and the angle of the low-voltage electrode (14) is 5°~30°.

3. The high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The igniter mounting seat (13) comprises a supply ring (13-1) and a fourth air inlet (13-2); the supply ring (13-1) is connected along the circumferential direction and is connected to the fourth air inlet (13-2) through a pipeline.

4. The high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total opening area of ​​the low-voltage electrode small-diameter holes (14-2) is greater than the total opening area of ​​the high-voltage electrode small-diameter holes (5-3), and the flow rates passing through the low-voltage electrode small-diameter holes (14-2) and the high-voltage electrode small-diameter holes (5-3) are respectively controlled by valves and flow control meters.

5. The operation method of a high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrodes is characterized by: The sliding arc igniter according to claim 1 is used, and the operating method is as follows: the high-power sliding arc igniter has four working modes. In working mode 1, air is introduced into the first air inlet (1-1), and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5) through the first ammonia supply pipe (1), part of the air is ejected through the small diameter hole (5-3) of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the air is introduced into the low-voltage electrode (14) through the second ammonia supply pipe (8), the insulating interface (9), the third ammonia supply pipe (10), the solenoid valve (11), the fourth ammonia supply pipe (12) and the igniter mounting seat (13), and ejected from the low-voltage electrode small diameter hole (14-2) of the low-voltage electrode (14); In working mode 2, ammonia gas is introduced into the first air inlet (1-1) and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5) through the first ammonia supply pipe (1), part of the ammonia gas is ejected through the small diameter hole (5-3) of the high-voltage electrode, and part of the ammonia gas is introduced into the low-voltage electrode (14) through the second ammonia supply pipe (8), the insulating interface (9), the third ammonia supply pipe (10), the solenoid valve (11), the fourth ammonia supply pipe (12) and the igniter mounting seat (13), and ejected from the low-voltage electrode small diameter hole (14-2) of the low-voltage electrode (14); In working mode three, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet (1-1) at a small flow rate, and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5) through the first ammonia supply pipe (1). By adjusting the solenoid valve (11), 20% to 70% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small diameter hole (5-3) of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode (14) through the second ammonia supply pipe (8), the insulating interface (9), the third ammonia supply pipe (10), the solenoid valve (11), the fourth ammonia supply pipe (12) and the igniter mounting seat (13), and sprayed out from the low-voltage electrode small diameter hole (14-2) of the low-voltage electrode (14); In working mode 4, liquid ammonia is introduced into the first air inlet (1-1) at a large flow rate and enters the inner cavity of the high-voltage electrode (5) through the first ammonia supply pipe (1). By adjusting the solenoid valve (11), less than 30% of the liquid ammonia is sprayed out through the small diameter hole (5-3) of the high-voltage electrode, and the remaining liquid ammonia is introduced into the low-voltage electrode (14) through the second ammonia supply pipe (8), the insulating interface (9), the third ammonia supply pipe (10), the solenoid valve (11), the fourth ammonia supply pipe (12) and the igniter mounting seat (13), and sprayed out from the small diameter hole (14-2) of the low-voltage electrode.

6. A method for operating a high power sliding arc igniter based on gas-liquid cooling electrodes, characterized in that: Using the sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, the operation method is as follows: 1) Open the second air inlet (3-1) and the third air inlet (7-1), and let in air to reach a set flow rate; 2) opening the first air inlet (1-1), introducing air, ammonia gas or liquid ammonia according to the working mode of the igniter, and setting the flow rate, and further adjusting the solenoid valve (11) to control the flow rate into the high-voltage electrode (5) and the low-voltage electrode (14); 3) Turn on the sliding arc power supply and set the discharge power to generate sliding arc plasma to ignite the injected ammonia gas or liquid ammonia.

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