A solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method. The system comprises an ammonia decomposition component, a solar power generation component, and a reflector component. The ammonia decomposition component comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, which is internally provided with an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module. The solar power generation component comprises interconnected photovoltaic panels and battery modules, which are connected to the electric heating module. The reflector component comprises multiple reflective lenses and a drive mechanism, which is used to drive the reflective lenses to rotate. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panels are spaced apart on the outside of the reflectors along the direction of rotation of the reflectors. Based on weather factors such as solar radiation intensity and temperature, a certain number of reflective lenses can be controlled to focus sunlight on the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, while the remaining reflective lenses can be controlled to reflect and focus light on the photovoltaic panels for power generation and storage. At night or when solar radiation conditions are poor, the stored electricity is used for heating to maintain the ammonia reaction at a suitable temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and new energy, and in particular to a solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy and sustainable development, hydrogen, as an efficient and clean energy source, has attracted widespread attention and research. Traditional hydrogen production methods, such as water electrolysis, while mature, are energy-intensive and rely on a large electricity supply. Therefore, developing technologies that can efficiently utilize renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, for hydrogen production is crucial.

[0003] In solar hydrogen production technology, using concentrated solar energy to generate high temperatures to provide heat energy for the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reaction is considered a promising method. Ammonia can be decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen under the action of heat energy, and solar energy, as an abundant and renewable energy source, can be used to provide the required heat energy. However, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems can only concentrate light, which either causes insufficient temperature problems when solar radiation conditions are poor, or causes excessively high reaction temperatures when solar radiation conditions are good. In addition, traditional solar ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems have not yet proposed a solution for converting and utilizing solar energy. At night or when solar radiation conditions are poor, they cannot work due to the low reaction temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted to solve the above technical problems are:

[0006] The present invention provides a solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system, comprising an ammonia decomposition component, a solar power generation component, and a reflective component. The ammonia decomposition component comprises an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, wherein an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module are arranged inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube; the solar power generation component comprises a photovoltaic panel and a battery module connected to each other, wherein the battery module is connected to the electric heating module; the reflective component is provided with a plurality of reflective lenses and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used to drive the reflective lenses to rotate, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged at intervals on the outside of the reflective mirror along the rotation direction of the reflective lens, so that the reflective lens can irradiate the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel respectively.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0008] According to weather factors such as solar radiation intensity and temperature, a certain number of reflective mirrors can be controlled to converge sunlight to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the remaining reflective mirrors can be controlled to reflect and converge the light to the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity and store it. At night or when solar radiation conditions are poor, the stored electricity is used for heating to keep the ammonia reaction at a suitable temperature, so that the present invention can use solar energy for ammonia decomposition around the clock.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes at least two heating tube segments connected in sequence, the reflective assembly includes at least two reflective mirror fields, the at least two reflective mirror fields correspond one-to-one to the at least two heating tube segments, and the reflective mirror field includes a plurality of reflective mirror sheets arranged at intervals.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the at least two heating pipe sections include a preheating pipe section for preheating ammonia and a reaction pipe section for ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a preheating outer transparent cover is provided on the outer periphery of the preheating pipe section, and a first vacuum insulation layer is formed between the preheating outer transparent cover and the preheating pipe section.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the outer periphery of the reaction tube segment is sheathed with an ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover, and a second vacuum insulation layer is formed between the ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover and the reaction tube segment.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is provided inside the reaction tube segment, so that a reaction channel and a hydrogen output channel are respectively provided inside the reaction tube segment, the reaction channel runs through both ends of the reaction tube segment, the hydrogen output channel is connected to the outlet end of the reaction tube segment, and the electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module are arranged in the reaction channel.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is barrel-shaped, the hydrogen output channel is located inside the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane, and the reaction channel is provided between the periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane and the reaction tube section.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the ammonia decomposition component further includes a compound curved surface condenser located on the outer peripheral side of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the compound curved surface condenser.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the longitudinal directions of the reflective lens, ammonia decomposition reaction tube and photovoltaic panel are arranged in the north-south direction, and the relative positions of the reflective lens, ammonia decomposition reaction tube and photovoltaic panel along the north-south direction are adjustable.

[0017] The present invention also provides a control method for a solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production systems, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Passing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube;

[0019] The reflective lens is rotated to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the reflective lens to heat and decompose the ammonia;

[0020] Rotating the reflective lens to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, converting the solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic panel and storing the electrical energy in the battery module;

[0021] The battery module supplies power to the electric heating module to heat and decompose the ammonia;

[0022] Under different working conditions, a part of the reflective lenses is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another part of the reflective lenses is controlled to reflect light to the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the preheating pipe section provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction tube structure provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow path and sunlight path of a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system provided by the present invention under sufficient solar radiation conditions;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working mode of the solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system provided by the present invention under insufficient solar radiation conditions;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a control method for a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition and hydrogen production system provided by the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] Ammonia decomposition assembly 100, preheating pipe section 110, first vacuum insulation layer 111, preheating grid 112, preheating outer transparent cover 113, reaction pipe section 120, ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121, second vacuum insulation layer 122, reaction heating grid 123, ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124, hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125, hydrogen output channel 126, reaction channel 127, composite curved surface condenser 130, expansion joint 140;

[0033] Solar power generation assembly 200;

[0034] Reflection assembly 300 , reflective lens 301 , motor 302 , preheating mirror field 310 , decomposition reaction mirror field 320 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, if there are words such as "several", it means one or more, and "more" means more than two. Greater than, less than, and exceed are understood as not including the number itself, and above, below, and within are understood as including the number itself.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system and control method as follows:

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system includes an ammonia decomposition component 100, a solar power generation component 200, and a reflection component 300.

[0041] The ammonia decomposition assembly 100 includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, which is equipped with an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes two sequentially connected heating tube sections: a preheating section 110 for heating ammonia gas and a reaction section 120 for the ammonia decomposition reaction. The preheating section 110 serves as the ammonia inlet section. During the ammonia decomposition reaction, the ammonia gas to be decomposed first enters the preheating section 110 to be heated to a first temperature, such as 500°C. It then enters the ammonia decomposition catalytic module in the reaction section 120 for decomposition, ultimately discharging hydrogen and nitrogen from the end of the reaction section 120. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube is positioned directly above the reflective assembly 300 via a support structure 400. In other embodiments, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube can be positioned to receive light reflected by the reflective assembly 300. The present system embodiment has two reflector fields, which can independently adjust the solar concentration multiples and provide the required different thermal energies to the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 respectively; the preheating tube section 110 is arranged in front of the reaction tube section 120, so that the ammonia gas entering the reaction tube section 120 can be preheated to avoid the problem of thermal field imbalance in the reaction thermal field of the reaction tube section 120.

[0042] In some other embodiments, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes a plurality of heating tube segments connected in sequence, for example, three heating segments, two of which are used for preheating ammonia, and one of which is used for ammonia decomposition reaction.

[0043] A composite curved condenser 130 is provided above the ammonia decomposition reaction tube. The composite curved condenser 130 is made of heat-bent glass and has a curve in the form of a composite parabola and involute. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the composite curved condenser 130. Direct light and scattered light reflected from different directions can be evenly converged on the surface of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube at the focus, thereby improving the uniformity of the heating field inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and maximizing the use of solar energy.

[0044] The solar power generation assembly 200 includes interconnected photovoltaic panels and battery modules. The battery modules are connected to the electric heating module. The battery modules can store electricity and supply the electric heating module for heating, so that the electric heating module heats the ammonia and increases the temperature of the ammonia reaction. On the one hand, when the system is started, the electric heating module can be used for heating so that the ammonia decomposition reaction tube quickly reaches the temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction. On the other hand, when there is insufficient light or at night, that is, when the heat provided by solar energy is insufficient, the electric heating module is used for heating so that the ammonia decomposition reaction tube continues to maintain the temperature of the ammonia decomposition reaction, so that the present invention can use solar energy for ammonia decomposition around the clock.

[0045] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panels are divided into ordinary solar power generation modules and concentrated photovoltaic power generation modules. The ordinary solar power generation modules are located above the concentrated photovoltaic power generation modules and directly receive sunlight to generate electricity. The concentrated photovoltaic power generation modules are located below the ordinary solar power generation modules and receive light reflected by the reflective assembly 300 to generate electricity. The photovoltaic panels are parallel to the ground plane and supported above the reflective assembly 300 by a support structure 400. The upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic panels are covered with ordinary solar panel modules and concentrated photovoltaic power generation module panels, respectively, to maximize the use of solar energy to generate electricity. In some other embodiments, the photovoltaic panels may not be parallel to the ground, as long as they can receive light reflected by the reflective assembly 300. The ordinary solar power generation modules and the concentrated photovoltaic power generation modules may be arranged at a certain angle, for example, the concentrated photovoltaic power generation modules are arranged parallel to the ground, and the ordinary solar power generation modules are arranged inclined to the ground.

[0046] The reflective assembly 300 is provided with multiple reflective lenses 301 and a driving mechanism. The reflective assembly 300 includes at least two reflective mirror fields. The reflective mirror field includes multiple reflective lenses 301 arranged at intervals. The reflective lenses 301 are made of high-reflectivity mirrors, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy; the driving mechanism includes multiple driving units, and the multiple driving units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple reflective lenses 301. The reflective lenses 301 have a rotating shaft along their length direction. The rotating shaft of the reflective lenses 301 is transmission-connected to the driving unit, and the driving unit can be a motor 302.

[0047] Multiple motors 302 independently drive multiple reflective lenses 301, enabling flexible control and precise focusing of solar radiation energy. Based on solar radiation intensity and weather factors such as temperature, a certain number of reflective lenses 301 can be controlled to focus sunlight on the ammonia decomposition reactor, while the remaining reflective lenses 301 can be controlled to reflect and focus sunlight on the photovoltaic panels for power generation. In other embodiments, the drive mechanism can simultaneously drive the rotation of multiple reflective lenses 301.

[0048] The number of reflector fields corresponds to the number of heating segments. If there are three heating segments, there are three reflector fields, and the three heating segments correspond to the three reflector fields. In this embodiment, the reflector assembly 300 includes two reflector fields, each corresponding to the two heating segments. The two reflector fields are a preheating mirror field 310 and a decomposition mirror field 320. The preheating mirror field 310 corresponds to the preheating segment 110, and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 corresponds to the reaction segment 120.

[0049] Under different working conditions, the driving mechanism controls a portion of the reflective lenses 301 to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, thereby controlling the concentrated light energy to form a suitable ammonia reaction temperature under different solar irradiation conditions. At the same time, the driving mechanism controls another portion of the reflective lenses 301 to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel and store the electricity in the battery module. At night or when solar irradiation conditions are poor, the electric heating module uses the electricity stored in the battery module to heat the ammonia reaction tube to maintain a suitable temperature, so that the present invention can use solar energy for ammonia decomposition around the clock.

[0050] To improve solar energy utilization, the preheating tube section 110, the reaction tube section 120, and the photovoltaic panel can be translated in a north-south direction, minimizing solar energy loss due to annual changes in the sun's declination. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the reflective lens 301 can be adjusted in the north-south direction relative to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel, and vice versa.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 The preheating pipe section 110 is erected above the preheating mirror field 310 through a support structure 400. The outer surface of the preheating pipe section 110 is coated with a high light absorption coating, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy. The outer periphery is covered with a preheating outer transparent cover 113, which can be made of glass. The annular space between the preheating outer transparent cover 113 and the preheating pipe section 110 is evacuated to form a first vacuum insulation layer 111, which can reduce the dissipation of photothermal energy. The electric heating module includes a preheating grid 112, which is installed inside the preheating pipe section 110. The heat for heating the ammonia to be decomposed comes from the heat concentrated by the preheating mirror field 310 or the electric heat energy of the preheating grid 112, or the heat from the combined work of the two. The electric energy consumed by the preheating grid 112 comes from the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and a part of the external power.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 The outer surface of the reaction tube segment 120 is coated with a high light absorption coating, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of solar radiation energy. The outer periphery of the reaction tube segment 120 is provided with an ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121. The ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121 made of high-transmittance and high-strength glass can reduce the loss of solar radiation energy when it penetrates the glass cover; a second vacuum insulation layer 122 is formed between the ammonia decomposition outer transparent cover 121 and the reaction tube segment 120, which does not block light from passing through the second vacuum insulation layer 122 to reach the interior of the reaction tube segment 120, and the heat inside the reaction tube segment 120 can be isolated by the second vacuum insulation layer 122, so the second vacuum insulation layer 122 can reduce the dissipation of light and heat energy.

[0053] A hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is disposed within the reaction tube section 120, providing reaction channels 127 and hydrogen output channels 126, respectively, located on either side of the membrane 125. The reaction channels 127 extend through both ends of the reaction tube section 120, while the hydrogen output channels 126 communicate with the outlet of the reaction tube section 120. An electric heating module and an ammonia decomposition catalytic module are disposed within the reaction channels 127. In this embodiment, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is barrel-shaped, with the hydrogen output channels 126 located within the membrane 125. The reaction channels 127 are disposed between the outer periphery of the membrane 125 and the reaction tube section 120. The electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module can be evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the membrane 125. The barrel-shaped hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 can effectively promote the forward motion of the reaction by reducing the hydrogen partial pressure during the ammonia decomposition reaction, thereby increasing the reaction rate and ammonia conversion rate. In some other embodiments, the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 can separate the reaction tube section 120 into two upper and lower channels, one of which is a reaction channel 127 and the other is a hydrogen output channel 126 .

[0054] The electric heating module also includes a reaction heating grid 123, which provides uniform heating. In some other embodiments, the electric heating module can be a heating rod. The electric heating module can continue to heat the ammonia gas by consuming a certain amount of electricity when natural solar radiation energy is insufficient. It can also effectively transfer heat energy from the walls of the preheating tube segment 110 to the ammonia gas when natural solar radiation energy is sufficient. The reaction heating grid 123 is cylindrical, allowing it to be evenly distributed between the reaction tube segment 120 and the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125. The ammonia decomposition catalytic module comprises an ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124. The reaction heating grid 123 supports the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124, which can continue to provide heat for the ammonia decomposition reaction by consuming a certain amount of electricity when natural solar radiation energy is insufficient. It can also effectively transfer heat energy from the walls of the reaction tube segment 120 to the ammonia gas when natural solar radiation energy is sufficient. The substantial heat energy required for the ammonia decomposition reaction comes from heat concentrated by the decomposition reaction mirror field 320, electrical heat energy from the reaction heating grid 123, or a combination of both. The electric energy consumed by the reaction heating grid 123 comes from the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and a portion of external power.

[0055] Reference Figure 4 An expansion joint 140 is provided between the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120. The expansion joint 140 can relieve the thermal stress of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 caused by heating, thereby improving system safety.

[0056] The ammonia gas to be decomposed first enters the preheating section 110 and is heated to a first temperature (e.g., 500°C). After reaching the first temperature, the ammonia gas to be decomposed is discharged from the output end of the preheating section 110, flows through the expansion joint 140 located between the preheating section 110 and the reaction section 120, and enters the input end of the reaction section 120, where it comes into contact with the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 to produce hydrogen and nitrogen. The operating temperature of the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 is a second temperature (e.g., 450°C). The generated hydrogen and nitrogen are separated by the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 within the reaction section 120. The hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 is preferably made of a palladium membrane or a palladium alloy membrane with high hydrogen-nitrogen selectivity and permeability. It can effectively separate hydrogen molecules at a certain pressure and temperature, allowing the hydrogen to enter the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125 to form ultrapure hydrogen. Nitrogen and undecomposed ammonia continue to flow through the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 until the ammonia is completely decomposed. Ultimately, nitrogen is discharged from the output end of the reaction tube section 120, and ultrapure hydrogen is discharged from the output end of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane 125.

[0057] Reference Figures 5 and 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for a solar-controlled, concentrated, all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system applicable to the above embodiment. According to the sun's position in the sky, ambient temperature, and weather conditions during different seasons and times of the day, by adjusting the rotation angles of the respective rows of reflective mirrors 301 driven by the respective motors 302, the solar radiation energy received by the preheating tube segment 110, the reaction tube segment 120, and the photovoltaic panels is controlled. This allows the ammonia gas to be preheated to a first temperature, such as 500°C, and the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 to be heated to a second temperature, such as 450°C. Furthermore, the photovoltaic panels are configured to generate electricity to provide auxiliary heating for the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 through electrical heating when natural solar radiation conditions are poor, thereby achieving all-weather solar-driven ammonia decomposition hydrogen production.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 , the control method specifically includes the following steps:

[0059] Step S100: introducing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube;

[0060] Step S200: rotating the reflective lens 301 to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, transferring the heat of the solar energy to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube via the reflective lens 301 to heat and decompose the ammonia;

[0061] Step S300: rotating the reflective lens 301 to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, converting the solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic panel and storing it in the battery module;

[0062] Step S400: supplying power to the electric heating module via the battery module to heat and decompose the ammonia;

[0063] Step S500: Under different working conditions, a portion of the reflective lenses 301 is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another portion of the reflective lenses 301 is controlled to reflect light to the photovoltaic panel for power generation.

[0064] The following are the control methods for the system according to different working conditions.

[0065] Under conditions where the natural solar radiation intensity is sufficient:

[0066] When the system is cold and started, each driving unit is controlled to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 to track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the composite curved concentrator 130, so that the incident light is reflected and converged again onto the surface of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120;

[0067] Controlling the ordinary solar panel module to generate electricity and provide power to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123;

[0068] Controlling the auxiliary heating of the preheating grid 112 so that the preheating pipe section 110 can quickly preheat the ammonia gas to the first temperature;

[0069] The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to perform auxiliary heating so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 is quickly heated to the second temperature.

[0070] During cold startup of the system, each row of reflective mirrors 301 is driven by a corresponding motor 302. All reflective mirrors 301 in the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge sunlight onto the compound curved concentrator 130. The compound curved concentrator 130 then reflects and converges the incident light onto the surfaces of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120, achieving high-intensity solar concentrating heating. Simultaneously, the preheating grids 112 and the reaction heating grids 123 within the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 simultaneously consume a small amount of power for electrical auxiliary heating, further increasing the heating speed during cold startup of the system. This allows the preheating tube segment 110 to quickly preheat ammonia to the first temperature, while simultaneously allowing the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 within the reaction tube segment 120 to be quickly heated to the second temperature, enabling the system to start up and produce hydrogen. During this phase, conventional solar power generation modules absorb solar energy and generate electricity, supplementing some of the power consumption of the preheating grids 112 and the reaction heating grids 123.

[0071] After the system is started cold, some reflective lenses 301 are dynamically adjusted according to the sun's position and ambient temperature parameters to continue to focus sunlight on the surface of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120, while other reflective lenses 301 reflect sunlight and focus it under the concentrating photovoltaic power generation module to generate electricity and store it.

[0072] After the system is started cold, in order to keep the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 at the first temperature and the second temperature respectively, only a part of the reflective lenses 301 continue to concentrate sunlight onto the surfaces of the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120; the other reflective lenses 301 reflect and concentrate sunlight onto the concentrating photovoltaic power generation module to achieve high-magnification concentrating photovoltaic power generation; at this time, the number of reflective lenses 301 in each row that concentrate light on the preheating tube section 110, the reaction tube section 120 and the photovoltaic panel will be dynamically adjusted according to parameters such as the position of the sun and the ambient temperature; at the same time, the ordinary solar panel module continues to absorb solar energy and generate electricity, and the photovoltaic panel uses the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 as power reserve when the solar radiation intensity is insufficient.

[0073] When the natural solar radiation intensity is insufficient, the specific control methods are as follows:

[0074] In weather conditions with a small amount of overcast or poor air quality, the solar radiation heating effect is still significant. At this time, all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the compound curved concentrator 130. The compound curved concentrator 130 reflects the incident light again and converges it onto the surfaces of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120, achieving solar concentrating heating. At the same time, the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 in the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 also synchronously consume a certain amount of electricity for electric auxiliary heating, jointly maintaining the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120 at the first and second temperatures respectively. During this stage, the ordinary solar power generation module absorbs solar energy and generates electricity, supplementing a portion of the power consumption of the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0075] By controlling each driving unit to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 to track the movement of the sun and reflect and converge the sunlight into the compound curved concentrator 130 so that the incident light is reflected and converged again onto the surfaces of the preheating tube segment 110 and the reaction tube segment 120;

[0076] Controlling the preheating grid 112 for auxiliary heating so that the preheating pipe section 110 and the sunlight concentrating the preheating pipe section 110 can jointly maintain the ammonia gas at the first temperature;

[0077] Controlling the reaction heating grid 123 to assist in heating the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 and the sunlight to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 to maintain the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 at the second temperature;

[0078] The ordinary solar panel module covered on the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module is controlled to generate electricity and provide power to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 .

[0079] Under completely overcast weather conditions, the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 rely on the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 to maintain the first and second temperatures, respectively. The power consumed for heating comes from the electricity stored in the photovoltaic panels and a portion of external power. At this time, all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320 reflect a small amount of direct sunlight and converge it onto the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to achieve photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, the ordinary solar power generation module absorbs solar energy and generates electricity, which together supplements a portion of the power consumption of the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0080] By controlling each driving unit to drive all the reflective lenses 301 of the preheating mirror field 310 and the decomposition reaction mirror field 320, a small amount of direct sunlight is reflected and concentrated onto the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module panels covered under the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to realize photovoltaic power generation;

[0081] Control the ordinary solar panel module covered on the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module to absorb solar energy and generate electricity;

[0082] The electricity generated by the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module is provided to the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123;

[0083] Controlling the preheating grid 112 to heat the preheating pipe section 110 to maintain the ammonia gas in the preheating pipe section 110 at a first temperature;

[0084] The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 is maintained at the second temperature.

[0085] During nighttime operation, the preheating tube section 110 and the reaction tube section 120 rely on the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123 to maintain the first and second temperatures, respectively. The power consumed for heating comes from the electricity stored in the photovoltaic panels and a portion of external power. The specific control steps are as follows:

[0086] The electricity stored by the concentrated photovoltaic power generation module and a portion of the external electricity are used to power the preheating grid 112 and the reaction heating grid 123;

[0087] Controlling the preheating grid 112 to heat the preheating pipe section 110 so that the ammonia gas in the preheating pipe section 110 maintains a first temperature;

[0088] The reaction heating grid 123 is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 in the reaction tube section 120 so that the ammonia decomposition catalyst bed 124 maintains the second temperature.

[0089] The above specifically describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system, characterized in that: include: An ammonia decomposition assembly includes an ammonia decomposition reaction tube, wherein an ammonia decomposition catalytic module and an electric heating module are provided inside the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube includes at least two heating tube sections connected in sequence, wherein the at least two heating tube sections include a preheating tube section for preheating ammonia gas and a reaction tube section for ammonia decomposition reaction; A solar power generation assembly comprising interconnected photovoltaic panels and battery modules, wherein the battery modules are connected to the electric heating module, and the electric heating module is used for preheating the ammonia for reaction and / or for ammonia decomposition reaction; The reflective assembly is provided with multiple reflective lenses and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is used to drive the reflective lenses to rotate. The ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged on the outside of the reflector at intervals along the rotation direction of the reflective lens, so that the reflective lens can illuminate the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel respectively. The multiple reflective lenses can be independently controlled to turn to achieve dynamic distribution of solar energy. Under different working conditions, some of the reflective lenses are controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another part of the reflective lenses are controlled to reflect and generate electricity on the photovoltaic panel.

2. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective assembly includes at least two reflective mirror fields, the at least two reflective mirror fields correspond one-to-one to at least two heating tube sections, and the reflective mirror field includes a plurality of reflective mirror sheets arranged at intervals.

3. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the preheating pipe section is sheathed with a preheating outer transparent cover, and a first vacuum insulation layer is formed between the preheating outer transparent cover and the preheating pipe section.

4. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer transparent ammonia decomposition cover is provided on the outer periphery of the reaction tube section, and a second vacuum insulation layer is formed between the outer transparent ammonia decomposition cover and the reaction tube section.

5. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is provided inside the reaction tube segment, so that a reaction channel and a hydrogen output channel are respectively provided inside the reaction tube segment, the reaction channel runs through both ends of the reaction tube segment, the hydrogen output channel is connected to the outlet end of the reaction tube segment, and the electric heating module and the ammonia decomposition catalytic module are provided in the reaction channel.

6. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane is barrel-shaped, the hydrogen output channel is located inside the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane, and the reaction channel is provided between the outer periphery of the hydrogen-nitrogen separation membrane and the reaction tube section.

7. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition component further includes a compound curved surface condenser located on the outer peripheral side of the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the ammonia decomposition reaction tube is located at the focus of the compound curved surface condenser.

8. The solar controlled concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective lens, the ammonia decomposition reaction tube and the photovoltaic panel are arranged in a north-south direction in their length direction, and their relative positions along the north-south direction are adjustable.

9. A control method, characterized in that: It is applied to the solar controllable concentrating all-weather ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the control method comprises the following steps: Passing ammonia to be decomposed into an ammonia decomposition reaction tube; The reflective lens is rotated to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and the heat of the solar energy is transferred to the ammonia decomposition reaction tube through the reflective lens to heat and decompose the ammonia; Rotating the reflective lens to a position where it reflects sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, converting the solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic panel and storing the electrical energy in the battery module; The battery module supplies power to the electric heating module to heat and decompose the ammonia; Under different working conditions, a part of the reflective lenses is controlled to heat the ammonia decomposition reaction tube, and another part of the reflective lenses is controlled to reflect light to the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity.

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