Coordinated Monitoring Device and Method for Frost Heaving Deformation and Surface Displacement of Slopes in Cold Regions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for collaborative monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, which relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring. The device discloses a GNSS base, on the top middle position of which a GNSS antenna is fixedly installed. One side of the GNSS antenna is provided with a monitoring and analysis component. At the four corner positions at the bottom of the GNSS base, frost heave gauges are fixedly installed. The monitoring and analysis component includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module. The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope. Through the combination of the GNSS antenna and the four frost heave gauges, the minute deformation of the slope can be effectively captured, and the regular monitoring module and the monitoring and analysis module can timely discover the monitoring accuracy problem of the monitoring device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, and more specifically, to a device and method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions. Background Art

[0002] In the deformation monitoring of slopes in cold regions, it is usually necessary to separately evaluate the influence of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement caused by other factors. In the existing monitoring technologies, GNSS surface displacement and frost heaving deformation need to be carried out independently. On the one hand, the GNSS surface displacement monitoring avoids the influence of frost heaving deformation by deeply burying the equipment foundation, which causes great damage to the original structure of the slope. On the other hand, the frost heaving deformation monitoring may also be affected by the overall displacement of the slope, resulting in unreliable monitoring data.

[0003] In addition, the existing monitoring methods often lack intelligence and automation and require a lot of manual intervention, which not only increases the monitoring cost but also reduces the monitoring efficiency. At the same time, there are also deficiencies in the in-depth analysis of the monitoring results, making it difficult to accurately judge the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device, thus affecting the accuracy of the slope stability assessment.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method that can comprehensively, efficiently, and accurately monitor the frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and provide a scientific basis for the assessment and early warning of slope stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes a GNSS base, on the top middle position of which a GNSS antenna is fixedly installed. On one side of the GNSS antenna, a monitoring and analysis component is arranged, and frost heave gauges are fixedly installed at the four corner positions of the bottom of the GNSS base.

[0008] The frost heave gauge includes a connecting rod, at the bottom of which a large flange is fixedly installed. At the bottom of the large flange, a measuring rod is installed, and at the bottom of the measuring rod, a small flange is installed.

[0009] The monitoring and analysis component includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module.

[0010] The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope.

[0011] The monitoring and analysis module determines whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device based on the regularly obtained actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, obtains the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and based on the comparison results of the displacement difference value with the high value and the low value of the displacement difference.

[0012] Further, a method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes the following steps:

[0013] Step S1: Arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points of the square.

[0014] Step S2: Place the frost heave gauge of the monitoring device at the bottom of the hole, and fix the small flange at the bottom of the hole by grouting.

[0015] Step S3: Bury the large flange and the GNSS base at the hole opening.

[0016] Step S4: Regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, obtain the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determine whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device based on the comparison results of the displacement difference value with the high value and the low value of the displacement difference.

[0017] Further, arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points of the square. Specifically: use drilling and pilot hole embedding, the drill hole is vertical, and the hole depth should be consistent with the total length of the frost heave gauge. Excavate a square area 30 cm away from the hole opening and level it.

[0018] Further, regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, and obtain the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement. Specifically: set a preset time period h. At the time node of each time period h, obtain the slope deformation simulation model updated at the previous time node, obtain the simulated displacements L´, K´, M´ of the slope at the current time node based on the slope deformation simulation model, and then obtain the actual displacements L, K, M of the slope at the current time node. Use the formula to obtain the displacement difference value pds.

[0019] Further, based on the comparison result of the displacement gap value with the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, it is determined whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device. Specifically: set the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value. When the displacement gap value is greater than or equal to the high displacement gap value, it is determined that it is necessary to detect the monitoring device. When the displacement gap value is less than or equal to the low displacement gap value, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously. When the displacement gap value is between the high displacement gap value and the low displacement gap value, obtain the displacement refinement value, set the displacement refinement threshold. When the displacement refinement value is greater than or equal to the displacement refinement threshold, it is determined that it is necessary to detect the monitoring device. When the displacement refinement value is less than the displacement refinement threshold, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously.

[0020] Further, the displacement refinement value is obtained in the following way: obtain the displacement gap values of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement gap values in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement gap values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the gap change value, set the gap change threshold. When the gap change value is greater than or equal to the gap change threshold, increase the gap change count by one, mark the gap change count as SDj, sum the displacement gap values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the gap persistence value, set the gap persistence threshold. When the gap persistence value is greater than or equal to the gap persistence threshold, increase the gap persistence count by one, mark the gap persistence count as TGe, sum all the displacement gap values and take the average to obtain the displacement gap mean value ZKr, and use the formula to obtain the displacement refinement value XFb, where za is the gap change coefficient and zb is the gap persistence coefficient.

[0021] Further, obtain the actual displacement amounts L, K, and M of the slope at the current time node, specifically:

[0022] Step S41: Set the GNSS original coordinates of the monitoring device at the previous time node as G(x, y, z), and set the central coordinates of the four small flange plates as central coordinate A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), C(x3, y3, z3), D(x4, y4, z4) respectively, and the central coordinates of the small flange plates remain unchanged;

[0023] Step S42: The center coordinates of the four large flanges change with the displacement and deformation of the slope; the center coordinates of the four large flanges at the previous time node are set to be A´(x1´, y1´, z1´), B´(x2´, y2´, z2´), C´(x3´, y3´, z3´), and D´(x4´, y4´, z4´); A´B´C´D´ are in the same plane, and the coordinates of their intersection O´(x0´, y0´, z0´) are the original coordinates of frost heave; the x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´=(x1´+x2´+x3´+x4´) / 4; the y-direction coordinate: y0´=(y1´+y2´+y3´+y4´) / 4; the z-direction coordinate: z0´=(z1´+z2´+z3´+z4´) / 4;

[0024] Step S43: Set the GNSS coordinate change of the current time node to G´(x´, y´, z´); the lengths of the four measuring rods are marked as L1, L2, L3, and L4 respectively, and set the center coordinates of the four large flanges at the current time node to A´´(x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´(x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´(x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), and D´´(x4´´, y4´´, z4´´), and calculate the displacements N, P, and Q of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional direction;

[0025] Step S44: Obtain the displacement of GNSS deformation in three dimensions: R=x´-x; S=y´-y; T=z´-z, and then obtain the actual displacement L, K, M of the slope at the current time node; where L=RN, K=SP, M=TQ.

[0026] Furthermore, the displacement N, P, and Q of frost heave deformation in three dimensions are calculated by combining the following equations:

[0027] AA´´: (x 1- x1´´ 2 + (y 1- y1´´) 2 +(z 1- z1´´) 2 =L1 2 ;

[0028] - BB´´: (x 2- x2´´) 2 + (y 2- y2´´) 2 +(z 2- z2´´) 2 =L2 2 ;

[0029] CC´´: (x 3- x3´´) 2+(y 3- y3´´) 2 +(z 3- z3´´) 2 =L3 2 ;

[0030] DD´´:(x 4- x4´´) 2 +(y 4- y4´´) 2 +(z 4- z4´´) 2 =L4 2 ;

[0031] A´´B´´:(x1´´ - x2´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y2´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z2´´) 2 =n 2 ;

[0032] A´´C´´:(x1´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z3´´) 2 =p 2 ;

[0033] A´´D´´:(x1´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z4´´) 2 =q 2 ;

[0034] B´´C´´:(x2´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z3´´) 2 =q 2 ;

[0035] B´´D´´:(x2´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z4´´)2 = p 2 ;

[0036] D´´C´´: (x4´´ - x3´´) 2 + (y4´´ - y3´´) 2 + (z4´´ - z3´´) 2 = n 2 ;

[0037] Wherein, n and q are the side lengths of the square, and p is the diagonal length;

[0038] The coordinates of frost heaving deformation, i.e., the coordinates of the center O´´ of the square (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´):

[0039] The coordinate in the x direction: x0´´ = (x1´´ + x2´´ + x3´´ + x4´´) / 4;

[0040] The coordinate in the y direction: y0´´ = (y1´´ + y2´´ + y3´´ + y4´´) / 4;

[0041] The coordinate in the z direction: z0´´ = (z1´´ + z2´´ + z3´´ + z4´´) / 4;

[0042] The displacement amounts of frost heaving deformation in the three-dimensional directions are respectively N = x0´´ - x0´; P = y0´´ - y0´; Q = z0´´ - z0´.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The monitoring device of the present invention can effectively capture the minute deformation of the slope through the combination of the GNSS antenna and the four frost heave gauges, and the regular monitoring module and the monitoring and analysis module can timely detect the monitoring accuracy problem of the monitoring device;

[0045] 2. The method of the present invention combines the frost heave gauge and the GNSS technology to realize the efficient and accurate monitoring of the frost heaving deformation and the surface displacement regularly, improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring, and deeply analyzes the monitoring results through the slope deformation simulation model to efficiently determine the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device. Description of the Drawings

[0046] Figure 1 It is the method flow chart of the method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions;

[0047] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the device for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions;

[0048] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional coordinate diagram of the device for collaborative monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions.

[0049] 100, Frost heave gauge; 400, GNSS base; 500, GNSS antenna; 600, Monitoring and analysis component. Specific implementation mode

[0050] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 , the method for collaborative monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S1: Arrange a square area (about 500mm * 500mm) at the position to be measured, and drill holes at the four endpoints (ABCD) of the square; Use drilling and hole-leading embedding, the drilling is vertical, the hole diameter is about 100mm, and the hole depth should be the same as the total length of the frost heave gauge 100; Excavate a square area (500mm * 500mm) at about 30cm away from the hole opening and level it.

[0052] Step S2: Put the frost heave gauge 100 of the monitoring device to the bottom of the hole (after putting it to the bottom of the hole, the frost heave gauge 100 can be fixed in the hole by the popped-up bracket), and fix the small flange at the bottom of the hole by grouting. The grouting volume for each hole is about 3.14dm 3 .

[0053] Step S3: Bury the large flange and the GNSS base 400 at the hole opening.

[0054] Step S4: Set the preset time period h (h is the duration of each time period). At the time node of each time period h, obtain the updated slope deformation simulation model at the previous time node. Based on the slope deformation simulation model, obtain the simulated displacement amounts L´, K´, M´ of the slope at the current time node, and then obtain the actual displacement amounts L, K, M of the slope at the current time node. Use the formula to obtain the displacement difference value pds. Set the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value (the high displacement difference value is greater than the low displacement difference value, and both the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value are system-set thresholds). When the displacement difference value is greater than or equal to the high displacement difference value, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be detected. When the displacement difference value is less than or equal to the low displacement difference value, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously. When the displacement difference value is between the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value, obtain the displacement detailed analysis value. Set the displacement detailed analysis threshold (the displacement detailed analysis threshold is a system-set threshold). When the displacement detailed analysis value is greater than or equal to the displacement detailed analysis threshold, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be detected. When the displacement detailed analysis value is less than the displacement detailed analysis threshold, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously.

[0055] The displacement detailed analysis value is obtained in the following way: Obtain the displacement difference values of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement difference values in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement difference values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the difference change value. Set the difference change threshold (the difference change value is the system-set threshold). When the difference change value is greater than or equal to the difference change threshold, increase the difference change count by one. When the difference change value is less than the difference change threshold, do not make corresponding processing. Mark the difference change count as SDj. Sum up the displacement difference values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the difference persistence value. Set the difference persistence threshold (the difference persistence threshold is the system-set threshold). When the difference persistence value is greater than or equal to the difference persistence threshold, increase the difference persistence count by one. When the difference persistence value is less than the difference persistence threshold, do not make corresponding processing. Mark the difference persistence count as TGe. Sum up all the displacement difference values and take the average to obtain the displacement difference average value ZKr. Use the formula to obtain the displacement detailed analysis value XFb, where za is the difference change coefficient, zb is the difference persistence coefficient, the value of za is 0.97, and the value of zb is 0.83.

[0056] Step S41: The GNSS coordinates of the monitoring device can be obtained through the GNSS antenna 500. Set the original GNSS coordinates of the monitoring device as G(x, y, z), and set the central coordinates of the four small flanges as central coordinates A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), C(x3, y3, z3), D(x4, y4, z4) respectively. The central coordinates of the small flanges remain unchanged.

[0057] Step S42: The central coordinates of the four large flanges will change with the displacement and deformation of the slope. Set the central coordinates of the four large flanges as A´(x1´, y1´, z1´), B´(x2´, y2´, z2´), C´(x3´, y3´, z3´), D´(x4´, y4´, z4´) respectively. A´B´C´D´ are coplanar, and the intersection point coordinates O´(x0´, y0´, z0´) are the original frost heaving coordinates. The x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´ = (x1´ + x2´ + x3´ + x4´) / 4; the y-direction coordinate: y0´ = (y1´ + y2´ + y3´ + y4´) / 4; the z-direction coordinate: z0´ = (z1´ + z2´ + z3´ + z4´) / 4.

[0058] Step S43: The slope undergoes displacement and deformation, and the GNSS coordinates change to G´(x´, y´, z´); all four measuring rods experience telescopic changes. The lengths of the four measuring rods after the telescopic changes are marked as L1, L2, L3, and L4 respectively. The central coordinates of the four large flanges change to A´´(x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´(x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´(x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), and D´´(x4´´, y4´´, z4´´). Calculate the displacement of frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional direction.

[0059] Step S44: Calculate the displacement of frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional direction, specifically: Calculate the central coordinates of the 4 large flanges and solve the following equations simultaneously:

[0060] AA´´: (x 1- x1´´) 2 + (y 1- y1´´) 2 + (z 1- z1´´) 2 = L1 2 ;

[0061] BB´´: (x 2- x2´´) 2 + (y 2- y2´´) 2 + (z 2- z2´´) 2 = L2 2 ;

[0062] CC´´: (x 3- x3´´) 2 + (y 3- y3´´) 2 + (z 3- z3´´) 2 = L3 2 ;

[0063] DD´´: (x 4- x4´´) 2 + (y 4- y4´´) 2 + (z 4- z4´´) 2 = L4 2 ;

[0064] A´´B´´: (x1´´ - x2´´) 2 + (y1´´ - y2´´) 2 + (z1´´ - z2´´) 2=n 2 ;

[0065] A´´C´´: (x1´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z3´´) 2 =p 2 ;

[0066] A´´D´´: (x1´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y1´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z1´´ - z4´´) 2 =q 2 ;

[0067] B´´C´´: (x2´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z3´´) 2 =q 2 ;

[0068] B´´D´´: (x2´´ - x4´´) 2 +(y2´´ - y4´´) 2 +(z2´´ - z4´´) 2 =p 2 ;

[0069] D´´C´´: (x4´´ - x3´´) 2 +(y4´´ - y3´´) 2 +(z4´´ - z3´´) 2 =n 2 ;

[0070] Among them, n and q are the side lengths of a square (about 500mm * 500mm), and p is the diagonal length;

[0071] The coordinates of frost heave deformation, that is, the coordinates of the center O´´ of the square (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´):

[0072] The coordinate in the x - direction: x0´´ = (x1´´ + x2´´ + x3´´ + x4´´) / 4;

[0073] y - direction coordinate: y0´´ = (y1´´ + y2´´ + y3´´ + y4´´) / 4;

[0074] z - direction coordinate: z0´´ = (z1´´ + z2´´ + z3´´ + z4´´) / 4;

[0075] The displacement amounts of frost heaving deformation in three - dimensional directions are respectively N = x0´´ - x0´; P = y0´´ - y0´; Q = z0´´ - z0´;

[0076] Obtain the displacement amounts of GNSS deformation in three - dimensional directions: R = x´ - x; S = y´ - y; T = z´ - z;

[0077] Furthermore, obtain the actual displacement amounts L, K, M of the slope surface in three - dimensional directions; where L = R - N, K = S - P, M = T - Q.

[0078] The construction and update method of the slope deformation simulation model are as follows: Obtain the actual displacement amounts of the slope at all time nodes before the current time and mark them as historical displacement amounts, obtain the historical environmental data of the slope, and construct a slope deformation simulation model based on the historical displacement amounts and historical environmental data (construct a digital twin model corresponding to the actual slope in a virtual environment, and the digital twin model is the slope deformation simulation model).

[0079] The above - mentioned method combines the frost heave meter and GNSS technology to achieve efficient and accurate monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement at regular intervals, improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring, and deeply analyzes the monitoring results through the slope deformation simulation model to efficiently determine the monitoring accuracy of the monitoring device.

[0080] Example 2: Refer to Figures 2 to 3 , a collaborative monitoring device for frost heave deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions, including a GNSS base 400. A GNSS antenna 500 is fixedly installed at the middle position on the top of the GNSS base 400. A monitoring and analysis component 600 is arranged on one side of the GNSS antenna 500. Frost heave meters 100 are fixedly installed at the four corner positions at the bottom of the GNSS base 400.

[0081] The frost heave meter 100 includes a connecting rod. A large flange is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. A measuring rod is installed at the bottom of the large flange. A small flange is installed at the bottom of the measuring rod.

[0082] In addition, multiple rotatable brackets can be installed on the measuring rod. The purpose of the brackets is to facilitate the fixation of the frost heave meter 100 in the hole.

[0083] The monitoring and analysis component 600 includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module.

[0084] The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope.

[0085] Based on the comparison result between the simulated displacement and the actual displacement, the monitoring and analysis module determines whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device.

[0086] The monitoring device of the present invention can effectively capture the minute deformation of the slope through the combination of the GNSS antenna 500 and the four frost heave gauges 100. The regular monitoring module and the monitoring and analysis module can timely discover the monitoring accuracy problem of the monitoring device.

[0087] The above formulas are all dimensionless and take their numerical values for calculation. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0088] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wire or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that the computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0089] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the magnitudes of the serial numbers of the above processes do not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0090] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.

[0091] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0092] In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of the devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0093] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of this application. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0094] The above is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application and should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The device for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions is characterized in that It includes a GNSS base (400), a GNSS antenna (500) is fixedly installed at the middle position on the top of the GNSS base (400), a monitoring and analysis component (600) is arranged on one side of the GNSS antenna (500), and frost heave gauges (100) are fixedly installed at the four corner positions of the bottom of the GNSS base (400); The frost heave gauge (100) includes a connecting rod, a large flange is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod, a measuring rod is installed at the bottom of the large flange, and a small flange is installed at the bottom of the measuring rod; The monitoring and analysis component (600) includes a regular monitoring module and a monitoring and analysis module; The regular monitoring module is used to regularly obtain the actual displacement and the simulated displacement of the slope; Based on the regularly obtained actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, the monitoring and analysis module obtains a displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determines whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

2. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions is applied to the device for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions described in claim 1, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points of the square; Step S2: Put the frost heave gauge (100) of the monitoring device to the bottom of the hole, and fix the small flange at the bottom of the hole by grouting; Step S3: Bury the large flange and the GNSS base (400) at the hole opening; Step S4: Regularly obtain the actual displacement and the simulated displacement of the slope, obtain a displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and the simulated displacement, and determine whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value.

3. The collaborative monitoring method for frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of cold region slopes according to claim 2, wherein Arrange a square area at the position to be measured, and arrange drill holes at the four end points of the square. Specifically: Adopt drilling and hole-leading embedding, the drill hole is vertical, the hole depth should be the same as the total length of the frost heave gauge (100), and a square area is excavated at a distance of 30 cm from the hole opening and leveled.

4. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 2, wherein Regularly obtain the actual displacement and simulated displacement of the slope, and obtain the displacement difference value based on the actual displacement and simulated displacement. Specifically: set a preset time period h. When reaching the time node of each time period h, obtain the slope deformation simulation model updated at the previous time node. Based on the slope deformation simulation model, obtain the simulated displacements L´, K´, M´ of the slope at the current time node, and then obtain the actual displacements L, K, M of the slope at the current time node. Use the formula to obtain the displacement difference value pds.

5. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 2, wherein Based on the comparison result of the displacement difference value with the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value, determine whether it is necessary to detect the monitoring device. Specifically: Set the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value. When the displacement difference value is greater than or equal to the high displacement difference value, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be detected. When the displacement difference value is less than or equal to the low displacement difference value, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously. When the displacement difference value is between the high displacement difference value and the low displacement difference value, obtain a displacement detailed analysis value, set a displacement detailed analysis threshold value. When the displacement detailed analysis value is greater than or equal to the displacement detailed analysis threshold value, it is determined that the monitoring device needs to be detected. When the displacement detailed analysis value is less than the displacement detailed analysis threshold value, the slope deformation monitoring at the current time node is completed, and the slope deformation simulation model is updated synchronously.

6. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heave deformation and surface displacement of cold region slopes according to claim 5, wherein The displacement analysis value is obtained in the following way: Obtain the displacement difference values of the slope at n time nodes before the current time, sort all the displacement difference values in the order of the time nodes, calculate the difference between the displacement difference values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting and take the absolute value to obtain the difference change value. Set the difference change threshold. When the difference change value is greater than or equal to the difference change threshold, increase the difference change count by one, mark the difference change count as SDj. Sum up the displacement difference values of two adjacent time nodes after sorting to obtain the difference duration value. Set the difference duration threshold. When the difference duration value is greater than or equal to the difference duration threshold, increase the difference duration count by one, mark the difference duration count as TGe. Sum up all the displacement difference values and take the average to obtain the displacement difference average value ZKr. Use the formula to obtain the displacement analysis value XFb, where za is the difference change coefficient and zb is the difference duration coefficient.

7. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of cold region slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that Obtain the actual displacements L, K, and M of the slope at the current time node. Specifically: Step S41: Set the GNSS raw coordinates of the monitoring device at the previous time node as G(x, y, z), and set the central coordinates of the four small flanges as central coordinates A(x1, y1, z1), B(x2, y2, z2), C(x3, y3, z3), D(x4, y4, z4) respectively. The central coordinates of the small flanges remain unchanged; Step S42: The central coordinates of the four large flanges change with the slope displacement and deformation. Set the central coordinates of the four large flanges at the previous time node as A´(x1´, y1´, z1´), B´(x2´, y2´, z2´), C´(x3´, y3´, z3´), D´(x4´, y4´, z4´) respectively; A´, B´, C´, D´ are coplanar, and the intersection point coordinates O´(x0´, y0´, z0´) are the original frost heave coordinates; x-direction coordinate of point O´: x0´ = (x1´ + x2´ + x3´ + x4´) / 4; y-direction coordinate: y0´ = (y1´ + y2´ + y3´ + y4´) / 4; z-direction coordinate: z0´ = (z1´ + z2´ + z3´ + z4´) / 4; Step S43: Set the GNSS coordinate change at the current time node as G´(x´, y´, z´); Mark the lengths of the four measuring rods as L1, L2, L3, L4 respectively. Set the central coordinates of the four large flanges at the current time node as A´´(x1´´, y1´´, z1´´), B´´(x2´´, y2´´, z2´´), C´´(x3´´, y3´´, z3´´), D´´(x4´´, y4´´, z4´´) respectively, and calculate the displacement amounts N, P, Q of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional directions; Step S44: Obtain the displacement amounts of the GNSS deformation in the three-dimensional directions: R = x´ - x; S = y´ - y; T = z´ - z, and then obtain the actual displacement amounts L, K, M of the slope at the current time node; where, L = R - N, K = S - P, M = T - Q.

8. The method for collaborative monitoring of frost heaving deformation and surface displacement of slopes in cold regions according to claim 7, characterized in that, Calculate the displacement amounts N, P, Q of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional directions, specifically: Simultaneously solve the following equations: AA´´: (x 1- x1´´) 2 + (y 1- y1´´) 2 + (z 1- z1´´) 2 = L1 2 ; BB´´: (x 2- x2´´) 2 + (y 2- y2´´) 2 + (z 2- z2´´) 2 = L2 2 ; CC´´: (x 3- x3´´) 2 + (y 3- y3´´) 2 + (z 3- z3´´) 2 = L3 2 ; DD´´: (x 4- x4´´) 2 + (y 4- y4´´) 2 + (z 4- z4´´) 2 = L4 2 ; A´´B´´: (x1´´ - x2´´) 2 + (y1´´ - y2´´) 2 + (z1´´ - z2´´) 2 = n 2 ; A´´C´´: (x1´´ - x3´´) 2 + (y1´´ - y3´´) 2 + (z1´´ - z3´´) 2 = p 2 ; A´´D´´: (x1´´ - x4´´) 2 + (y1´´ - y4´´) 2 + (z1´´ - z4´´) 2 = q 2 ; B´´C´´: (x2´´ - x3´´) 2 + (y2´´ - y3´´) 2 + (z2´´ - z3´´) 2 = q 2 ; B´´D´´: (x2´´ - x4´´) 2 + (y2´´ - y4´´) 2 + (z2´´ - z4´´) 2 = p 2 ; D´´C´´: (x4´´ - x3´´) 2 + (y4´´ - y3´´) 2 + (z4´´ - z3´´) 2 = n 2 ; where, n and q are the side lengths of the square, and p is the diagonal length; Frost heave deformation coordinates, that is, the coordinates of the center O´´ point of the square (x0´´, y0´´, z0´´): x-direction coordinate: x0´´ = (x1´´ + x2´´ + x3´´ + x4´´) / 4; y-direction coordinate: y0´´ = (y1´´ + y2´´ + y3´´ + y4´´) / 4; z-direction coordinate: z0´´ = (z1´´ + z2´´ + z3´´ + z4´´) / 4; The displacement amounts of the frost heave deformation in the three-dimensional directions are respectively N = x0´´ - x0´; P = y0´´ - y0´; Q = z0´´ - z0´.

Images