Activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material

Abstract

The invention discloses an activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material. The device comprises an activation unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit and a power generation unit, the activation unit is used for activating the hydrogen storage material, so that the material has higher hydrogen storage density, higher hydrogen absorption / desorption rate and better cycle stability; the hydrogen energy storage unit is used for storing hydrogen, and the hydrogen is stored in the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material to realize hydrogen energy storage; and the power generation unit is used for converting hydrogen energy into electric energy, releasing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material, and realizing hydrogen-electricity conversion through chemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell. Hydrogen energy storage and hydrogen-electricity conversion can be conveniently and efficiently achieved, electricity is supplied to electric appliances, the problems that in an existing hydrogen storage technology, hydrogen storage performance is poor, safety is low, the size is large, transportation is inconvenient and the like are solved, and flexible electricity utilization of a terminal can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices and hydrogen energy power generation, and specifically relates to an activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are three existing hydrogen storage methods: high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology is mature, but its safety is low and its hydrogen storage density is low; although liquid hydrogen has a higher hydrogen storage density, its energy consumption is high and there are strict requirements for storage containers; compared with other hydrogen storage technologies, solid-state hydrogen storage has the advantages of high volume hydrogen storage density, high safety, and long-term hydrogen storage without leakage. It is known as the most promising hydrogen storage method. And through hydrogen fuel cells, the conversion of hydrogen energy to electrical energy can be realized, which can achieve the flexibility of energy storage and power supply, promote the consumption of new energy and the "peak shaving and valley filling" of the power grid.

[0003] However, the activation, energy storage and power generation of magnesium-based materials is a complex process, which involves the installation position of pipelines and valves and requires accurate hydrogen absorption / desorption temperature and pressure conditions. CN 110788331A discloses a hydrogen storage alloy hydrogenation and activation treatment device. The hydrogenation and activation device is composed of a container and a first shell and a vacuum layer therebetween to form a heat-insulating structure. The heat exchange cavity between the first shell and the second shell is separated by a partition. Cold water and hot water are used alternately in the annular heat exchange tube to meet the filling and activation treatment of the hydrogen storage material. However, the device is only evacuated by a vacuum pump and a vacuum valve during the activation process, and it does not take into account that there may be residual active gas in the device after evacuation, which poses certain safety hazards; when the device improves its thermal management performance, the space for storing hydrogen storage materials inside is greatly reduced, and the volume hydrogen storage density of the device is low.

[0004] Based on the above background, there is an urgent need to design a hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology, using magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials as hydrogen storage materials to realize the functions of hydrogen storage material activation, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen energy conversion to electrical energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials, which can conveniently and efficiently realize hydrogen energy storage and hydrogen-electricity conversion, supply electricity to electrical appliances, and solve the problems of poor hydrogen storage performance, low safety, large size and inconvenient transportation in the existing hydrogen storage technology, and can realize flexible electricity use at the terminal.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials, comprising an activation unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit and a power generation unit;

[0008] The activation unit is used to activate the hydrogen storage material, so that the material has a higher hydrogen storage density, a faster hydrogen absorption / desorption rate and better cycle stability;

[0009] The hydrogen energy storage unit is used to store hydrogen, and the hydrogen is stored in a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material to achieve hydrogen energy storage;

[0010] The power generation unit is used for converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy, releasing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material, and realizing hydrogen-electricity conversion through the chemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0011] The activation unit includes a vacuum pump 1, an exhaust port 2, a vacuum gauge 3, a hollow tube 6, an argon gas bottle 8, and a heating jacket 9;

[0012] The output end of the vacuum pump 1 is fixedly connected to a vacuum gauge 3, which is connected to the second valve 402. The second valve 402 outputs two paths, one of which is connected to the first valve 401, and the first valve 401 is connected to the exhaust port 2; the other path is connected to the third valve 403;

[0013] The valve three 403 is connected to one end of the four-way 14, and the other ports of the four-way 14 are connected to the valve four 404, the valve five 405 and the valve six 406.

[0014] The valve 5 405 on the four-way 14 is connected to the valve 8 408 through the hollow tube 6, and the valve 8 408 is connected to the argon gas bottle 8;

[0015] The valve four 404 on the four-way 14 is connected to the valve seven 407 through the hollow tube 6, and the valve seven 407 is set on the hydrogen bottle 7.

[0016] The hydrogen energy storage unit includes a hydrogen storage tank 5, a hydrogen cylinder 7, and a pressure gauge 13;

[0017] The hydrogen storage tank 5 includes an air inlet 501, a hexagonal tank opening 502, a spherical head 503, a cylinder 504 and an air outlet 505;

[0018] Both ends of the cylinder 504 are connected to the air inlet 501 or the air outlet 505 through the spherical head 503 and the hexagonal can mouth 502 respectively;

[0019] The air inlet 501 is connected to the valve 6 406 via a thread, the air outlet 505 is connected to the pressure gauge 13 via a thread, and the cylinder 504 is filled with hydrogen storage material powder;

[0020] The hexagonal tank opening 502 can be conveniently tightened using tools, and the air inlet 501 is connected to the valve six 406 and the air outlet 505 is connected to the pressure gauge 13.

[0021] The hydrogen storage material is a high-performance magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material.

[0022] The spherical end cap 503 can significantly reduce the end cap thickness and has good stress-bearing properties.

[0023] The power generation unit includes a valve nine 409, one end of the valve nine 409 is connected to the pressure gauge 13, and the other end is connected to the quick plug connector 12, and the valve nine 409 is threadedly connected to the pressure gauge 13 and the quick plug connector 12; the fuel cell 11 is connected to the valve nine 409 through the quick plug connector 12, the heating sleeve 9 is located on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank 5, and the hydrogen storage tank 5 is located on the bracket 10 and connected to the pressure gauge 13.

[0024] The heating sleeve 9 is an elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve;

[0025] The fuel cell 11 is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell;

[0026] The hydrogen storage tank 5 is a stainless steel seamless pipe, the outer diameter of the hydrogen storage tank 5 is 92 mm, and the wall thickness of the hydrogen storage tank 5 is 3 mm.

[0027] The bracket 10 includes a bracket base 1001, a bracket component 1 1002, a fully threaded stud 1003, a bracket component 2 1004 and a bolt 1005. The bracket component 1 1002 is symmetrically fixed to the bracket bottom 1001, and the bracket component 2 1004 is connected to the bracket component 1 1002 by a fully threaded bolt 1003. A plurality of bracket components 2 1004 respectively clamp the hexagonal tank openings 502 at the left and right ends of the hydrogen storage tank 5 and are connected and fixed by bolts 1005;

[0028] The method for using the activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials includes the following three processes:

[0029] Step 1: vacuuming process before activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials;

[0030] Step 2: Activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen energy storage process;

[0031] Step 3: Hydrogen release and power generation process based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials.

[0032] The step 1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, open valve 1 401, valve 3 403, valve 4 404, valve 5 405, valve 6 406 in sequence, balance the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hollow tube 6 with the external atmospheric pressure through valve 1 401, and close the above valves after the pressure is balanced;

[0034] Step 2, start the vacuum pump 1, and open the valve 2 402, valve 3 403, valve 404, valve 5 405, valve 6 406 in sequence, evacuate the entire hollow tube 6 and the hydrogen storage tank 5 for a period of time through the vacuum pump 1, and then close the valve 6 406, valve 5 405, valve 4 404, valve 3 403, valve 2 402 and the vacuum pump 1 in sequence;

[0035] Step 3, open valve eight 408, valve five 405, valve six 406 in sequence, so that the argon gas in the argon gas bottle 8 enters the hydrogen storage tank 5 through the pipeline and the hydrogen storage tank air inlet 501, and after the air pressure is stable, close valve eight 408, valve five 405, valve six 406 in sequence;

[0036] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3, and observe the indication of the vacuum gauge 3 until the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hollow tube 6 are in a vacuum state.

[0037] The step 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: When charging hydrogen, valve seven 407, valve four 404, and valve six 406 are opened in sequence, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle 7 enters the hydrogen storage tank 5 equipped with high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material through the hydrogen storage tank air inlet 501, so that the internal pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 5 reaches the hydrogen absorption pressure condition;

[0039] Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 to heat the hydrogen storage tank 5;

[0040] Step 3: When the stable hydrogen absorption temperature condition is reached, the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material starts to absorb hydrogen, and the pressure is maintained until the hydrogen absorption is completed, thereby realizing hydrogen energy storage;

[0041] Step 4: After the hydrogen charging is completed, close the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9, valve seven 407, valve four 404, and valve six 406 in sequence.

[0042] The step three specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1, connecting the fuel cell 11 and the quick-connect connector 12 to the valve nine 409;

[0044] Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 to heat the hydrogen storage tank 5;

[0045] Step 3: When a stable hydrogen release temperature condition is reached, the valve 9 409 is opened to allow the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material that has stored hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 5 to start releasing hydrogen, and the hydrogen enters the fuel cell 11 through the gas outlet 505;

[0046] Step 4: The conversion of hydrogen energy into electrical energy is achieved through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; when the power is stopped, the valve 409 and the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 are closed in sequence, and the device stops running. When the power is used next time, the above steps can be repeated.

[0047] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0048] 1. The present invention uses magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy as the hydrogen storage material. Since magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, low pressure, long-term hydrogen storage without leakage, the device has the characteristics of low cost, large hydrogen storage capacity and high safety.

[0049] 2. The present invention uses a quick-plug connector to connect the hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell. The hydrogen storage tank needs to be disconnected from the fuel cell when filling with hydrogen, and needs to be connected to the fuel cell when discharging hydrogen. The quick-plug connector can connect and disconnect the hydrogen storage tank and the fuel cell more conveniently and quickly, which can improve the working efficiency of the device and is more convenient and practical.

[0050] 3. The present invention uses an elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve, which can fit tightly on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank when the temperature conditions are required for hydrogen absorption / release, thereby reducing heat loss, improving thermal efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0051] 4. The present invention uses a ball valve as a valve, which has the characteristics of wear resistance, good sealing performance, convenient switching and long service life. It can prevent hydrogen leakage during transmission and improve the safety and service life of the device.

[0052] 5. The present invention enables the activation process of the hydrogen storage material and the hydrogen absorption / release process to be continuously integrated, without the need for frequent loading and unloading of the hydrogen storage material, avoiding the reaction with air during the loading and unloading process of the hydrogen storage material, which has an adverse effect on the material, and can ensure that the material is fully exposed to the hydrogen environment during the activation process, thereby achieving rapid and efficient hydrogen storage. This design helps to reduce energy loss and time cost during the hydrogen storage process and improve the overall hydrogen storage efficiency; it can further ensure the safety of the material during the hydrogen storage process; it can greatly simplify the operation process, and can integrate multiple functions into one, such as activation, hydrogen storage, hydrogen release, etc., thereby reducing the number of equipment and operation steps, and reducing the difficulty and cost of operation; magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials have good reversibility and can be recycled during the hydrogen absorption and release process. Through the integrated design of the activation and hydrogen storage device, the recycling of materials can be more conveniently achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen energy storage device based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials.

[0054] Figure 2This is a top view of the structure of a hydrogen energy storage device based on magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen storage tank of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support base of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket component 1 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket component 2 of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention.

[0061] Among them, 1. vacuum pump; 2. exhaust port; 3. vacuum gauge; 4. valve; 5. hydrogen storage tank; 6. hollow tube; 7. hydrogen cylinder; 8. argon cylinder; 9. heating jacket; 10. bracket; 11. fuel cell; 12. quick plug connector; 13. pressure gauge; 14. four-way. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] Implementation Case 1 is basically as follows Figure 1-5 As shown:

[0065] The device for activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials includes: a vacuum pump 1, an exhaust port 2, a vacuum gauge 3, a valve 4, a hydrogen storage tank 5, a hollow tube 6, a hydrogen cylinder 7, an argon cylinder 8, a heating jacket 9, a bracket 10, a fuel cell 11, a quick-connect connector 12, a pressure gauge 13 and a cross-connect 14;

[0066] The operation of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device mainly includes three processes: the vacuum process before the activation of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material, the activation and hydrogen energy storage process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material, and the hydrogen release and power generation process of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material.

[0067] Based on the vacuuming process before the activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0068] Step 1, open valve 1 401, valve 3 403, valve 404, valve 5 405, valve 6 406 in sequence, and gradually balance the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hollow tube 6 with the external atmospheric pressure through valve 1 401, and close the above valves after the pressure is balanced;

[0069] Step 2, start the vacuum pump 1, and open the valve 2 402, valve 3 403, valve 404, valve 5 405, valve 6 406 in sequence, the vacuum pump 1 starts to evacuate the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hollow tube 6 for 3 minutes, and then close the valve 6 406, valve 5 405, valve 4 404, valve 3 403, valve 2 402 and the vacuum pump 1 in sequence;

[0070] Step 3, open valve eight 408, valve five 405, valve six 406 in sequence, adjust the pressure to 2MPa, so that the argon gas in the argon gas bottle 8 is transported to the hydrogen storage tank 5 through the hollow tube 6 and the hydrogen storage tank air inlet, so that the internal air pressure is stable, and then close valve eight 408, valve five 405, valve six 406 in sequence after the air pressure is stable;

[0071] Step 4, repeat the above steps 2 and 3, and ensure that the hydrogen storage tank 5 and the hollow tube 7 are in a vacuum state by observing the indication of the vacuum gauge 3.

[0072] Based on the activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials and the hydrogen energy storage process, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0073] Step 1: When charging hydrogen, valve seven 407, valve four 404, and valve six 406 are opened in sequence, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle 7 enters the hydrogen storage tank 5 equipped with high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material through the hydrogen storage tank air inlet 501, so that the internal pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 5 reaches the hydrogen absorption pressure condition;

[0074] Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 to heat the hydrogen storage tank 5;

[0075] Step 3: When the stable hydrogen absorption temperature condition is reached, the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material starts to absorb hydrogen, and the pressure is maintained until the hydrogen absorption is completed, thereby realizing hydrogen energy storage;

[0076] Step 4: After the hydrogen charging is completed, close the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9, valve seven 407, valve four 404, and valve six 406 in sequence.

[0077] The process of hydrogen release and power generation based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1, connecting the fuel cell 11 and the quick-connect connector 12 to the valve nine 409;

[0079] Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 to heat the hydrogen storage tank 5;

[0080] Step 3: When the heating temperature reaches about 200° C., the valve 9 409 is opened to allow the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material that has stored hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 5 to start releasing hydrogen, which enters the fuel cell 11 through the gas outlet 505 of the hydrogen storage tank 5;

[0081] Step 4: The conversion of hydrogen energy into electrical energy is achieved through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; when the power is stopped, the valve 409 and the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve 9 are closed in sequence, and the device stops running. When the power is used next time, the above steps can be repeated.

[0082] The hydrogen storage material is a Mg-Ni-Y multiphase eutectic alloy hydrogen storage material. The alloy can be fully activated after 3-4 cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption, and the hydrogen storage capacity is 5.3%.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, the bracket component 1002 is provided with threads inside, which can be threadedly connected to the full-thread stud 1003. The height can be adjusted by rotating the threads, which facilitates the connection between the hydrogen storage tank and other components.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, the bracket component 1004 is in a "V" shape. The two bracket components 1004 cooperate to clamp the hexagonal tank mouth 502 of the hydrogen storage tank 5, and then connect them through bolts 1005, thereby fixing the hydrogen storage tank.

[0085] like Figure 8 As shown, a four-way valve and a valve are used to connect the various components to make the device integrated, easy to operate, and improve work efficiency. The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials, characterized in that: It includes an activation unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit and a power generation unit; The activation unit is used to activate the hydrogen storage material, so that the material has a higher hydrogen storage density, a faster hydrogen absorption / desorption rate and better cycle stability; The hydrogen energy storage unit is used to store hydrogen, and the hydrogen is stored in a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material to achieve hydrogen energy storage; The power generation unit is used for converting hydrogen energy into electrical energy, releasing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage material, and realizing hydrogen-electricity conversion through the chemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell.

2. The activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activation unit comprises a vacuum pump (1), an exhaust port (2), a vacuum gauge (3), a hollow tube (6), an argon gas bottle (8), and a heating jacket (9); The vacuum pump (1) is fixedly connected to a vacuum gauge (3) at its output end, the vacuum gauge (3) is connected to valve 2 (402), the valve 2 (402) has two output paths, one path is connected to valve 1 (401), the valve 1 (401) is connected to an exhaust port (2), and the other path is connected to valve 3 (403); The valve three (403) is connected to one end of the four-way (14), and the remaining ports of the four-way (14) are connected to the valve four (404), the valve five (405) and the valve six (406).

3. The activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve five (405) on the four-way (14) is connected to the valve eight (408) through the hollow tube (6), and the valve eight (408) is connected to the argon gas bottle (8); The valve 4 (404) on the four-way (14) is connected to the valve 7 (407) through the hollow tube (6), and the valve 7 (407) is arranged on the hydrogen bottle (7).

4. The activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen energy storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank (5), wherein the hydrogen storage tank (5) comprises an air inlet (501), a hexagonal tank opening (502), a spherical head (503), a cylinder (504) and an air outlet (505); Both ends of the cylinder (504) are connected to the air inlet (501) or the air outlet (505) through the spherical head (503) and the hexagonal can mouth (502) respectively; The air inlet (501) is connected to the valve six (406) via a thread, the air outlet (505) is connected to the pressure gauge (13) via a thread, and the cylinder (504) is filled with hydrogen storage material powder; The air inlet (501) is connected to the valve six (406) and the air outlet (505) is connected to the pressure gauge (13).

5. The activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation unit comprises a valve nine (409), one end of the valve nine (409) is connected to a pressure gauge (13), and the other end is connected to a quick connector (12), and the valve nine (409) is threadedly connected to the pressure gauge (13) and the quick connector (12); the fuel cell (11) is connected to the valve nine (409) via the quick connector (12), the heating sleeve (9) is located on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank (5), and the hydrogen storage tank (5) is located on the bracket (10) and connected to the pressure gauge (13); The heating sleeve (9) is an elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve; The fuel cell (11) is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell; The hydrogen storage tank (5) is a stainless steel seamless pipe.

6. The activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support (10) comprises a support base (1001), a support component one (1002), a fully threaded stud (1003), a support component two (1004) and a bolt (1005); the support component one (1002) is symmetrically fixed to the support base (1001); the support component two (1004) is connected to the support component one (1002) via a fully threaded bolt (1003); a plurality of support components two (1004) respectively clamp the hexagonal tank openings (502) at the left and right ends of the hydrogen storage tank (5) and are connected and fixed by bolts (1005).

7. The method for using the activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following three processes: Step 1: vacuuming process before activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials; Step 2: Activation of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen energy storage process; Step 3: Hydrogen release and power generation process based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials.

8. The method for using the activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 1 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, open valve 1 (401), valve 3 (403), valve 4 (404), valve 5 (405), and valve 6 (406) in sequence, balance the pressure inside the hydrogen storage tank (5) and the hollow tube (6) with the external atmospheric pressure through valve 1 (401), and close the above valves after the pressure is balanced; Step 2, start the vacuum pump (1), and open valve two (402), valve three (403), valve four (404), valve five (405), and valve six (406) in sequence, evacuate the entire hollow tube (6) and the hydrogen storage tank (5) for a period of time through the vacuum pump (1), and then close valve six (406), valve five (405), valve four (404), valve three (403), valve two (402) and the vacuum pump (1) in sequence; Step 3, open valve eight (408), valve five (405), and valve six (406) in sequence, so that the argon gas in the argon gas bottle (8) enters the hydrogen storage tank (5) through the pipeline and the hydrogen storage tank air inlet (501), and after the air pressure is stable, close valve eight (408), valve five (405), and valve six (406) in sequence; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3, and observe the reading on the vacuum gauge (3) until the hydrogen storage tank (5) and the hollow tube (6) are in a vacuum state.

9. The method for using the activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: When charging hydrogen, valve seven (407), valve four (404), and valve six (406) are opened in sequence, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen bottle (7) enters the hydrogen storage tank (5) containing the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material through the hydrogen storage tank air inlet (501), so that the internal pressure in the hydrogen storage tank (5) reaches the hydrogen absorption pressure condition; Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve (9) to heat the hydrogen storage tank (5); Step 3: When the stable hydrogen absorption temperature condition is reached, the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material starts to absorb hydrogen, and the pressure is maintained until the hydrogen absorption is completed, thereby realizing hydrogen energy storage; Step 4: After the hydrogen charging is completed, close the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve (9), valve seven (407), valve four (404), and valve six (406) in sequence.

10. The method for using the activation, hydrogen energy storage and power generation device based on magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step three specifically includes the following steps: Step 1, connecting the fuel cell (11) and the quick-connect connector (12) to the valve nine (409); Step 2, opening the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve (9) to heat the hydrogen storage tank (5); Step 3: When a stable hydrogen release temperature condition is reached, valve nine (409) is opened to allow the high-performance magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material that has stored hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (5) to start releasing hydrogen and enter the fuel cell (11) through the gas outlet (505); Step 4: The conversion of hydrogen energy into electrical energy is achieved through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. When the power supply is stopped, the valve nine (409) and the elastic self-tightening electric heating sleeve (9) are closed in sequence, and the device stops running. When the power supply is next used, the above steps can be repeated.

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