Photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters. The device includes: a photovoltaic power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation control switch device, an energy storage control switch device, an energy storage system, a distribution network control switch device, an inverter control switch device, a centralized control device, a distribution network, a rectifier device, and an electrical load; the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the electrical load via the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, and the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the energy storage system via the rectifier device and the energy storage control switch device; the energy storage system is connected to the distribution network via the inverter control switch device; the distribution network is connected to the electrical load via the distribution network control switch device; and the centralized control device is respectively connected to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device, and the inverter control switch device. The present invention solves the problem that existing distributed photovoltaic systems have poor voltage coordination and compatibility with distribution networks, and cannot fully utilize the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation device and a regulation method based on meteorological parameters. Background Art

[0002] In view of the rapid development of distributed power sources, the large amount of dispersion, strong volatility, poor controllability and high risk of grid disconnection, as well as the poor voltage coordination and compatibility between distributed photovoltaics and distribution networks. The output power of photovoltaic power stations is directly related to weather changes. In order to give full play to the efficiency and utilization efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and reduce the impact of photovoltaic power generation on the voltage of the main distribution network, it is necessary to accurately predict the photovoltaic power generation power, coordinate the power load according to the predicted output power, and further improve the direct utilization efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN107317353B discloses a voltage control method and system for a distributed photovoltaic power distribution network. The method comprises: sorting the distributed photovoltaic power generation voltages connected to the distributed photovoltaic power generation access nodes according to the voltage out-of-bounds status of the distribution network nodes, calculating the reactive power increment of the distributed photovoltaic power generation connected to the top-ranked node, and determining whether it is within the regulation range. If so, the reactive power increment is used as the control instruction for the distributed photovoltaic power generation output; if not, the remaining nodes are judged in sequence according to the ranking, and the reactive power increments within the regulation range are selected; if all reactive power increments are not within the regulation range, the active power increment of the distributed photovoltaic power generation connected to the top-ranked node is calculated, and the active power increment is used as the control instruction for the distributed photovoltaic power generation output. This invention only adjusts for the current grid status and fails to fully consider weather forecast data for the next few hours or days, which makes it impossible to maximize the potential of photovoltaic power generation. In particular, when light conditions change rapidly, the best opportunity to adjust photovoltaic power generation output may be missed. Moreover, the method described in the invention requires detailed control and scheduling of the distributed photovoltaic power generation system, requiring the system to have high intelligence and real-time performance, which may increase the complexity and cost of system design and operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters, aiming to solve the problem that the existing distributed photovoltaic and distribution network voltages are poorly coordinated and compatible, and cannot fully exert the efficiency and utilization efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters, including: a photovoltaic power generation system, a photovoltaic power generation control switch device, an energy storage control switch device, an energy storage system, a distribution network control switch device, an inverter control switch device, a centralized control device, a distribution network, a rectifier device, and a power load.

[0006] The output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. At the same time, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the energy storage system through the rectifier device and the energy storage control switch device; the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the distribution network through the inverter control switch device; the output end of the distribution network is connected to the input end of the power load through the distribution network control switch device; the output end of the centralized control device is respectively connected to the input ends of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device and the inverter control switch device for controlling their disconnection.

[0007] When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirement of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0008] When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device to charge the energy storage system.

[0009] When the power load is supplied with working energy by the distribution network, if both the distribution network and the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, causing the voltage of the distribution network to drop, resulting in a decline in the power supply quality of the distribution network, the centralized control device controls the inverter control switch device to turn on, and the energy storage system supplements the distribution network to provide working energy to the power load, thereby increasing the voltage of the distribution network and improving the power supply quality of the distribution network.

[0010] Preferably, the centralized control device includes a meteorological information receiving module, a load power measurement module, a distribution network control switch device driving module, a microprocessor module, an inverter control switch device driving module, an energy storage control switch device driving module, a photovoltaic power generation control switch device driving module, a communication module, a 4G module, a power supply module, a storage module, and a display module.

[0011] The output ends of the meteorological information receiving module and the load power measurement module are respectively connected to the input I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input ends of the distribution network control switch device drive module, the inverter control switch device drive module, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device drive module, and the energy storage control switch device drive module are respectively connected to the output I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input end of the communication module is connected to the communication interface of the output end of the microprocessor module; the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the 4G module; the output end of the power supply module is connected to the power end of the microprocessor module; the input end of the storage module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module; and the input end of the display module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module.

[0012] Preferably, the meteorological information receiving module collects weather information for the next week in real time through networking, thereby realizing photovoltaic output prediction power regulation, specifically:

[0013] If the weather is clear and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0014] If the weather is cloudy and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device to charge the energy storage system.

[0015] The power of the electricity load is allocated according to the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system predicted by meteorological information, so as to try to directly match the electricity load with the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system and maximize the direct utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0016] Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic inverters, and the direct current generated by the photovoltaic cells is converted into 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the photovoltaic inverter.

[0017] The energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and an energy storage inverter device. The energy storage battery stores unit direct current and generates 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the energy storage inverter device.

[0018] Preferably, the power supply of the distribution network is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC; the power load is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC.

[0019] Preferably, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device, the inverter control switch device, and the photovoltaic power generation control switch device use a thyristor fast switching switch, which includes a thyristor and a magnetic latching relay in a parallel structure, and uses an optocoupler as the driving part of the circuit.

[0020] Preferably, when it is detected that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirement of the power load, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic holding relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are converted from the closed state to the open state or remain in the open state. If the photovoltaic power generation control switch device is originally a closed device, the magnetic holding relay is disconnected first, and then the thyristor is quickly disconnected to turn off the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, and the photovoltaic power generation system no longer supplies power to the power load; at the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module receives the signal , the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the energy storage control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, and the energy storage control switch device is turned on, and the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system; at the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the distribution network control switch device drive module. After the distribution network control switch device drive module optocoupler receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the distribution network control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, the distribution network control switch device is closed, and the distribution network supplies power to the power load.

[0021] When the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power load demand, the photovoltaic power generation system directly charges the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. Specifically:

[0022] The microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor is quickly closed first, and then the magnetic latching relay is closed. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device is closed, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0023] If the power supply of the distribution network and photovoltaic power generation system is insufficient to meet the power load demand, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the energy storage control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically shuts down, allowing the energy storage system to supplement the insufficient power supply of the distribution network to the power load.

[0024] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for predicting and regulating photovoltaic output power based on meteorological parameters, comprising the following steps:

[0025] When the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is within 380VAC±10%, the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system through the energy storage control switch device; when the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the power supply generated by the photovoltaic power generation system at this time meets the power load through prediction, the photovoltaic power generation system directly outputs power to the distribution network through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage; when the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power load power, the energy storage system directly outputs power to the distribution network through the inverter control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage.

[0026] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation method based on meteorological parameters as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0027] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention proposes a photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation device based on meteorological parameters. The regulation device obtains meteorological parameter information and combines it with the power size of the power load to accurately adjust the distribution network voltage. The photovoltaic power generation system, energy storage system and distribution network work together, dynamically adjust energy distribution according to meteorological parameter information and power load demand, automatically adjust the working status of each unit, and optimize the operating efficiency of the device.

[0030] 2. The regulation device combines photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems, and intelligently manages the distribution network, effectively improving grid stability and reliability. The energy storage system can provide backup power when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient or in inclement weather, preventing load disruption. Furthermore, by rationally utilizing photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems and minimizing reliance on the distribution network, long-term energy costs can be reduced, especially during peak hours or inclement weather, reducing demand for high-cost energy and optimizing electricity consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation device based on meteorological parameters according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is an overall structural diagram of the centralized control device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a microprocessor module according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is the current acquisition circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is the voltage acquisition circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the communication circuit between the three-phase electric energy metering chip and the microprocessor module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the display module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram of the thyristor fast switching switch described in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the power module described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with specific embodiments of the present application and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters. Figure 1As shown, it includes: photovoltaic power generation system, photovoltaic power generation control switch equipment, energy storage control switch equipment, energy storage system, distribution network control switch equipment, inverter control switch equipment, centralized control device, distribution network, rectifier device, and power load.

[0043] The output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. At the same time, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the energy storage system through the rectifier device and the energy storage control switch device; the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the distribution network through the inverter control switch device; the output end of the distribution network is connected to the input end of the power load through the distribution network control switch device; the output end of the centralized control device is respectively connected to the input ends of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device and the inverter control switch device for controlling their disconnection.

[0044] When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirement of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0045] When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device to charge the energy storage system.

[0046] When the power load is supplied with working energy by the distribution network, if both the distribution network and the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, causing the voltage of the distribution network to drop, resulting in a decline in the power supply quality of the distribution network, the centralized control device controls the inverter control switch device to turn on, and the energy storage system supplements the distribution network to provide working energy to the power load, thereby increasing the voltage of the distribution network and improving the power supply quality of the distribution network.

[0047] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, see Figure 2 As shown, there are meteorological information receiving module, load power measurement module, distribution network control switch device driver module, microprocessor module, inverter control switch device driver module, energy storage control switch device driver module, photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module, communication module, 4G module, power module, storage module, and display module.

[0048] The output ends of the meteorological information receiving module and the load power measurement module are respectively connected to the input I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input ends of the distribution network control switch device drive module, the inverter control switch device drive module, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device drive module, and the energy storage control switch device drive module are respectively connected to the output I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input end of the communication module is connected to the communication interface of the output end of the microprocessor module; the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the 4G module; the output end of the power supply module is connected to the power end of the microprocessor module; the input end of the storage module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module; and the input end of the display module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module.

[0049] The meteorological information receiving module is used to collect meteorological information, mainly including weather conditions (mainly including cloudy or sunny conditions, temperature, wind speed, etc.) within a period of time in the future (generally set to 3 days or a week).

[0050] The load power measurement module is used to measure the real-time power load data of electrical equipment.

[0051] The distribution network control switch device driver module is used to control the distribution network control switch device.

[0052] The inverter control switch device drive module is used to control the inverter control switch device.

[0053] The photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module is used to control the photovoltaic power generation control switch device.

[0054] The energy storage control switch device driver module is used to control the energy storage control switch device.

[0055] The communication module usually adopts an RS485 module to realize the protocol conversion of communication data between the microprocessor module and the 4G module.

[0056] The 4G module is used to wirelessly transmit meteorological information, load power information, distribution network control switch device driver module working status information, inverter control switch device driver module working status information, photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module working status information, and energy storage control switch device driver module working status information to the data management center.

[0057] The power module is used to supply power to the microprocessor module.

[0058] The storage module is used to store the collected data information.

[0059] The display module is used to display the collected data information.

[0060] For details, see Figure 3As shown, the microprocessor module can use an STM32ZET6 microprocessor. Together with the crystal oscillator circuit and reset circuit, it forms the basic operating system of the microcontroller. The crystal oscillator circuit is set to an 8MHz frequency. Once started, it provides a continuous and stable clock signal to the microcontroller, ensuring its normal operation. The reset circuit triggers a reset operation when the microcontroller's RESET pin receives a low level. To improve system stability, a decoupling capacitor circuit is also designed. This circuit effectively absorbs high-frequency noise on the power line, thereby stabilizing the power supply voltage and ensuring a stable power supply for the entire predictive control device during operation, preventing power fluctuations from affecting its performance. In the power supply system, power is first supplied to the load by the distribution network. The STM32F103ZET6 microprocessor controls the entire process, sending a trigger signal that is amplified by a level conversion circuit. The high and low levels of the signal determine the conduction state of the optocoupler: a high level disables the optocoupler, while a low level enables it. Once the optocoupler turns on, the thyristor in the distribution network control switch quickly opens, allowing the distribution network to supply power to the load. Subsequently, the magnetic latching relay in the distribution network control switch device is activated, and the thyristor closes after completing its power supply task, reducing energy loss.

[0061] See Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the load power measurement module includes a current acquisition unit, a voltage acquisition unit, and a three-phase power metering chip. The current acquisition unit uses a current measurement sensor to collect current values ​​from the photovoltaic power generation system and the power load. The voltage acquisition unit uses a voltage acquisition circuit to collect voltage values ​​from the photovoltaic power generation system, the distribution network, and the power load. The RN8302B three-phase power metering chip can be used.

[0062] The current measurement sensor uses three 200A / 5A through-hole current transformers. These are connected via the transformer output terminals to the input terminals IA12 and IA11 of the HCT226JY current transformer. The signals are then output to the corresponding inputs of the RN8302B energy metering chip. The acquired signals are then processed by the ADC and converted to the current values ​​of the photovoltaic power generation and power load. The voltage acquisition circuit uses a ZMPT107 current-type voltage transformer with a 1:1 input-to-output ratio. A 110K resistor is connected in series with the voltage transformer input to convert the 220VAC AC voltage into 2mA AC current. The three-phase metering chip collects the voltage values ​​of Va1 and Va1n, Vb1 and Vb1n, and Vc1 and Vc1n to calculate the voltage values.

[0063] See Figure 6As shown, the RN8302B three-phase energy metering chip uses a 3.3V power supply and is paired with a minimal peripheral system circuit to provide a stable clock frequency. 0.1uf and 10pf capacitors are used to filter out high- and low-frequency interference signals, ensuring smooth and stable signals. The SDO pin of the three-phase energy metering chip corresponds to the MISO pin of the microprocessor module, the SDI pin corresponds to the MOSI pin of the microprocessor module, and the SCLK pin is connected to the SCK pin of the microprocessor module to ensure timing integrity and synchronization. The SPI communication protocol is used between the two, and software simulation is used to achieve communication. The protocol requires sending corresponding byte data to obtain the value stored in the corresponding register of the three-phase energy metering chip. Based on this, the energy calculation can be completed and the power supply system can be judged to determine whether the power requirements of the load are met.

[0064] See Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the display module connects to the TAO Jingchi serial screen through the LCD RX / TX pins. By configuring the MCU TX / RX pins, it receives the data sent by the serial screen and completes the data processing. In addition, the program download port can also communicate with peripherals through the SWCLK and SWDIO pins to download system programs.

[0065] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the meteorological information collection module collects future weather information in real time through networking, thereby realizing photovoltaic output prediction power adjustment, specifically:

[0066] If the weather is clear and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0067] If the weather is cloudy and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device and then charged by the energy storage system. Specifically, taking the rooftop of a commercial building with photovoltaic solar panels as an example, when the photovoltaic solar panels are in clear weather, the three-phase power metering chip of the load power measurement module determines that the power output of the photovoltaic power generation system meets the needs of the household power load and converts the stored power into the 220VAC AC power required by the household user. However, if the weather acquisition module predicts cloudy weather and the three-phase power metering chip calculates that the power generated by the photovoltaic system cannot meet the power load requirements, it will immediately switch to the distribution network for power supply, stopping the photovoltaic power generation system from supplying power to the power load. At this time, the photovoltaic power generation system will charge the energy storage system until the next power supply meets the power load requirements.

[0068] The output power of the photovoltaic power generation system predicted by meteorological information is used to adjust the power of the power load, so as to try to directly match the power load with the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, and maximize the direct utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. Specifically, the microprocessor module first obtains the specific current and voltage data of the three-phase power metering chip, and calculates to determine whether the current power of the photovoltaic power generation system meets the power load requirements. If so, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is directly used. However, if it is rainy weather and the output power of the photovoltaic system decreases, the microprocessor module will output high and low levels through the IO port when it determines that the photovoltaic power generation system is insufficient. The level conversion circuit can boost 3.3V to 12V to turn off or turn on the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation system to cut off the power supply line. At the same time, the control switch devices of other systems are turned on to achieve the purpose of predicting and adjusting the output power according to meteorological parameters.

[0069] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic cells and a photovoltaic inverter. The direct current generated by the photovoltaic cells is converted into 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the photovoltaic inverter.

[0070] The energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and an energy storage inverter device. The energy storage battery stores unit direct current and generates 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the energy storage inverter device.

[0071] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the power supply of the distribution network is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC; the power load is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC.

[0072] As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device, and the energy storage control switch device use thyristor fast switching switches, see Figure 8 As shown, the thyristor fast-switching switch comprises a thyristor (SCR) and a latching relay in a parallel configuration, with an optocoupler serving as the circuit's driver. The MOC3051SM optocoupler is used as the driver, while a 1N4148 diode ensures the thyristor's bidirectional conductivity. A 200kΩ power resistor is connected in series with the latching relay to provide current limiting. When the photovoltaic power generation system's power meets the load's power requirements, the regulator switches on. This process is controlled by the microprocessor module of the centralized control unit. The microprocessor sends a trigger signal, which, after passing through the level conversion circuit, turns on the optocoupler if it receives a low-level signal. Once the optocoupler turns on, the centralized control module sequentially turns on the thyristor and latching relay of the distribution network control switchgear, then turns off the thyristor of the distribution network control switchgear to reduce energy loss.

[0073] For further information, see Figure 9As shown, the power module consists of an AC power supply circuit and a step-down converter circuit. The AC power supply circuit utilizes a variety of components to ensure circuit safety and stability. These components, including fuses, thermistors, varistors, and safety capacitors, work together to protect the circuit from damage caused by excessive current and keep potential surge voltages within safe limits. Common-mode inductors are also used to suppress common-mode noise in the circuit, protecting it from interference. A key component is the 220V to 12V transformer, which converts high-voltage AC power to lower-voltage DC power. The power module's step-down converter circuit further includes two conversion circuits: 12V to 5V and 5V to 3.3V. These circuits ensure that different circuits receive the required voltage levels, resulting in precise power supply. This design not only protects the entire circuit from abnormal current and voltage fluctuations, but also provides stable and appropriate power to various electronic devices.

[0074] As a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, when it is detected that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirement of the power load, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic holding relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are converted from a closed state to an open state or remain in an open state. If the photovoltaic power generation control switch device was originally a closed device, the magnetic holding relay is disconnected first, and then the thyristor is quickly disconnected to turn off the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, and the photovoltaic power generation system no longer supplies power to the power load; at the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module, and the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module After receiving the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the energy storage control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, the energy storage control switch device is turned on, and the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system; at the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the distribution network control switch device drive module. After the distribution network control switch device drive module optocoupler receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the distribution network control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay is closed. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, the distribution network control switch device is closed, and the distribution network supplies power to the power load.

[0075] When the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power load demand, the photovoltaic power generation system directly charges the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. Specifically:

[0076] The microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic latching relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor is quickly closed first, and then the magnetic latching relay is closed. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor is automatically turned off, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device is closed, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load.

[0077] If the power supply of the distribution network and photovoltaic power generation system is insufficient to meet the power load demand, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the energy storage control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically turns off, allowing the energy storage system to supplement the insufficient power supply of the distribution network to the power load and avoid energy loss.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Accordingly, this embodiment provides a method for predicting and adjusting photovoltaic output power based on meteorological parameters, comprising the following steps:

[0080] When the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is within 380VAC±10%, the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system through the energy storage control switch device; when the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the power supply generated by the photovoltaic power generation system at this time meets the power load through prediction, the photovoltaic power generation system directly outputs power to the distribution network through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage; when the distribution network supplies power to the power load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power load power, the energy storage system directly outputs power to the distribution network through the inverter control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] This embodiment provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for predicting and regulating photovoltaic output power based on meteorological parameters as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for predicting and regulating photovoltaic output power based on meteorological parameters as described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In the several embodiments provided in this application, if any function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory; hereinafter referred to as: RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

[0089] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic power generation system, photovoltaic power generation control switch equipment, energy storage control switch equipment, energy storage system, distribution network control switch equipment, inverter control switch equipment, centralized control device, distribution network, rectifier device, power load; The output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. At the same time, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the input end of the energy storage system through the rectifier device and the energy storage control switch device; the output end of the energy storage system is connected to the input end of the distribution network through the inverter control switch device; the output end of the distribution network is connected to the input end of the power load through the distribution network control switch device; the output end of the centralized control device is respectively connected to the input ends of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, the energy storage control switch device, the distribution network control switch device and the inverter control switch device to control their disconnection; When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load; When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the distribution network control switch device to open, so that the distribution network supplies power to the power load. The centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device and then charged to the energy storage system. When the power load is supplied with working energy by the distribution network, if both the distribution network and the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, causing the distribution network voltage to drop and the power supply quality of the distribution network to deteriorate, the centralized control device will control the inverter control switch device to turn on, and the energy storage system will supplement the distribution network to provide working energy to the power load, thereby increasing the distribution network voltage and improving the power supply quality of the distribution network. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device collects weather information for the next week in real time through networking, thereby achieving photovoltaic output prediction and adjustment, specifically: If the weather is clear and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to turn on, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load; If the weather is cloudy and the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirements of the power load, the centralized control device controls the energy storage control switch device to open, and the AC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system is rectified by the rectifier device to charge the energy storage system; The power of the electricity load is allocated according to the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system predicted by meteorological information, so as to try to directly match the electricity load with the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system and maximize the direct utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system.

2. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centralized control device includes a meteorological information receiving module, a load power measurement module, a distribution network control switch device driver module, a microprocessor module, an inverter control switch device driver module, an energy storage control switch device driver module, a photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module, a communication module, a 4G module, a power module, a storage module, and a display module; The output ends of the meteorological information receiving module and the load power measurement module are respectively connected to the input I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input ends of the distribution network control switch device drive module, the inverter control switch device drive module, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device drive module, and the energy storage control switch device drive module are respectively connected to the output I / O ports of the microprocessor module; the input end of the communication module is connected to the communication interface of the output end of the microprocessor module; the output end of the communication module is connected to the input end of the 4G module; the output end of the power supply module is connected to the power end of the microprocessor module; the input end of the storage module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module; and the input end of the display module is connected to the output I / O port of the microprocessor module.

3. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation system includes photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic inverters. The direct current generated by the photovoltaic cells is converted into 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the photovoltaic inverter. The energy storage system includes an energy storage battery and an energy storage inverter device. The energy storage battery stores unit direct current and generates 380VAC three-phase alternating current through the energy storage inverter device.

4. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply of the distribution network is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC; the power load is a three-phase rated voltage of 380VAC.

5. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Energy storage control switch equipment, distribution network control switch equipment, inverter control switch equipment, and photovoltaic power generation control switch equipment use thyristor fast switching switches. The thyristor fast switching switches include thyristors and magnetic latching relays in a parallel structure, and use optocouplers as the driving part of the circuit.

6. The photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment device based on meteorological parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: When it is detected that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power requirement of the power load, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a high-level instruction to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and the magnetic holding relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are converted from the closed state to the open state or remain in the open state. If the photovoltaic power generation control switch device was originally in the closed state, the magnetic holding relay is disconnected first, and then the thyristor is quickly disconnected to turn off the photovoltaic power generation control switch device, and the photovoltaic power generation system no longer supplies power to the power load; at the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module receives the signal, the storage The thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the controllable switch device are converted from an open state to a closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically turns off, and the energy storage control switch device is turned on, and the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system. At the same time, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the distribution network control switch device drive module. After the distribution network control switch device drive module optocoupler receives the signal, the thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the distribution network control switch device are converted from an open state to a closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically turns off, the distribution network control switch device is closed, and the distribution network supplies power to the power load. When the power supply of the photovoltaic power generation system can meet the power load demand, the photovoltaic power generation system directly charges the power load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device. Specifically: The microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level command to the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the photovoltaic power generation control switch device are switched from the open state to the closed state, with the thyristor closing quickly first and then the magnetic latching relay closing. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically turns off, the photovoltaic power generation control switch device is closed, and the photovoltaic power generation system supplies power to the power load. If the power supply of the distribution network and photovoltaic power generation system is insufficient to meet the power load demand, the microprocessor module of the centralized control device sends a low-level instruction to the energy storage control switch device driver module. After the optocoupler of the energy storage control switch device driver module receives the signal, the thyristor and magnetic latching relay of the energy storage control switch device are converted from the open state to the closed state, and the thyristor closes quickly first, and then the magnetic latching relay closes. At this time, since the voltage across the thyristor is 0, the thyristor automatically shuts down, allowing the energy storage system to supplement the insufficient power supply of the distribution network to the power load.

7. A photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation device based on meteorological parameters according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and includes the following steps: When the distribution network supplies power to the load and the distribution network voltage is within 380VAC±10%, the photovoltaic power generation system charges the energy storage system through the energy storage control switch device; when the distribution network supplies power to the load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system at this time meets the power of the load through prediction, the photovoltaic power generation system directly outputs power to the load through the photovoltaic power generation control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage; when the distribution network supplies power to the load and the distribution network voltage is not within 380VAC±10%, if the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system cannot meet the power of the load, the energy storage system directly outputs power to the distribution network through the inverter control switch device to balance the distribution network voltage.

8. An electronic device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the photovoltaic output power prediction and regulation method based on meteorological parameters as claimed in claim 7 when executing the computer program.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the photovoltaic output power prediction and adjustment method based on meteorological parameters according to claim 7 is implemented.

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