Hemodialyzer structure with filter membrane convenient to replace

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical cleaning, and particularly relates to a hemodialyzer structure convenient for replacing a filter membrane, which comprises a glass tube, a separation unit is arranged on the periphery of the glass tube, a control unit is arranged at one end of the glass tube, and a cleaning unit is arranged in the control unit; when the end cap is pressed, the snake groove in the outer wall of the cake ring and the pin shaft do relative movement until the cake ring rotates by 90 degrees, then the U-shaped opening frame and the angle plate are pulled to smoothly penetrate through the through groove, then the bottom bin is controlled by the electric telescopic rod to drive the dialysis chamber to move in the direction close to the center of the glass tube until the center of the dialysis chamber coincides with the center of the shell, and finally the dialysis chamber is closed. Medical workers manually pull and insert new and old filter membranes, so that the filter membranes are quickly and conveniently replaced, the interaction time between the filter membranes and the medical workers and the external environment is shortened, the cross infection risk is reduced, meanwhile, the replacement steps are simplified, the installation and calibration difficulty is reduced, the dialysis consistency in the alternation process of the new and old filter membranes is fully ensured, and the dialysis efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical cleaning, and in particular relates to a hemodialyzer structure which is convenient for replacing a filter membrane. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialyzer: Blood and dialysate flow on both sides of the dialysate membrane. Since the concentration of small-molecule metabolic wastes such as urea, creatinine and uric acid in the blood is higher than that in the dialysate, the aforementioned substances will diffuse from the blood side through the dialysate membrane to the dialysate side along the concentration gradient. The dialysate membrane is the core component, which separates the blood and the dialysate, and allows metabolic wastes and excess water and electrolytes in the blood to enter the dialysate through diffusion and convection, while preventing the loss of useful components such as blood cells and large molecular proteins in the blood;

[0003] The replacement of the filter membrane is usually required to be carried out in a sterile environment, and the operating table needs to be cleaned and disinfected before the operation to reduce the risk of microbial contamination. Then, the blood access and dialysate access of the hemodialyzer are closed, and the dialyzer is removed from the dialysis machine and placed on the operating table. According to the structure of the dialyzer, the dialyzer shell is opened with appropriate tools (such as a screwdriver, etc.), and the old filter membrane is gently removed from the dialyzer with tweezers. Finally, before installing the new filter membrane, the inside of the dialyzer is cleaned, that is, the inside of the dialyzer is rinsed with saline to remove residual impurities;

[0004] The aforementioned steps require the dialyzer to be basically disassembled and then reset, which increases the overall replacement cycle of the filter membrane (the increase in the cycle will increase the interaction time between the filter membrane and the medical staff and the external environment, thereby increasing the probability of contact between the filter membrane and external microorganisms or bacteria, and increasing the risk of cross-infection of the patient's vascular access). In addition, certain professional tools are required during the replacement process, further increasing the complexity of the filter membrane replacement;

[0005] During this process, there are problems such as improper operation by medical staff (operators are not fully trained, which leads to unfamiliarity with the dialyzer filter membrane replacement process and key points, and then various errors occur during the operation), such as: excessive force, folding or scratching the filter membrane, resulting in filter membrane damage and installation position deviation. The damaged filter membrane will cause the dialysate and blood to mix directly, which will not only fail to complete the dialysis function normally, but also may introduce harmful substances such as impurities or microorganisms in the dialysate into the blood, cross-infecting patients;

[0006] In addition, when replacing the old filter membrane with the new one, there will be problems of dialysis impurities being left behind and dripping from the old filter membrane during the movement, which will further increase the probability of dialysis infection of the new filter membrane and cause secondary harm to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hemodialyzer structure that is convenient for replacing a filter membrane, comprising a glass tube, a separation unit is arranged on the periphery of the glass tube, a control unit is arranged at one end of the glass tube, and a cleaning unit is arranged inside the control unit;

[0008] The control unit comprises:

[0009] The bottom chamber is one in number and is coaxially arranged at one end of the glass tube;

[0010] There are two end plates, which are symmetrically mounted on the outer wall of the bottom bin near the center of the glass tube; in addition, a groove is provided on the outer wall of the glass tube near the bottom bin for sliding and engaging with the end plates;

[0011] The electric telescopic rod is mounted on the end of the end plate away from the axis of the bottom bin;

[0012] The annular groove is provided on the axial side of one end of the bottom chamber close to the center of the glass tube;

[0013] There are two bottom rings, which are symmetrically arranged inside the bottom bin; in addition, a hexagonal groove is provided on the end surface of the bottom ring close to the center of the glass tube;

[0014] The sealing plates are grouped into six and are arranged on the end surface of the bottom ring close to the center of the glass tube, and the sealing plates are installed by sliding and snap-fitting with the hexagonal grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the bottom ring is snap-fitted with an angle ring that is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom bin, the end face of the sealing plate away from the bottom ring is snap-fitted with a pillar, the end face of the angle ring close to the bottom ring is provided with a groove that is slidably snap-fitted with the straight column, the outer wall of the angle ring is provided with a spiral groove, the outer wall of the bottom bin is provided with two strip windows, and the positions of the strip windows correspond one to one to the angle rings, the outer wall of the strip windows is slidably snap-fitted with a vertical rod that is snap-fitted with the spiral groove, and the vertical rod is slidably mounted inside the glass tube.

[0016] Preferably, a dialysis chamber is movably arranged at the axis of the bottom bin, a filter membrane is clamped and installed inside the dialysis chamber, a rubber ring is clamped and installed on the outer wall of the dialysis chamber near one end of the bottom bin, and a wedge ring is clamped and installed on one end of the dialysis chamber near the bottom bin.

[0017] Preferably, the separation unit comprises:

[0018] The outer shell is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube, and the outer shell is clamped and installed with the outer wall of the glass tube;

[0019] The middle door has a cross-sectional shape of half a circle, is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube, and is slidably mounted with the outer shell; in addition, a fracture area is reserved in the middle of the outer wall of the outer shell, and the cross-sectional shape of the fracture area is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the middle door; the axial length of the middle door is at least ten centimeters greater than the axial length of the dialysis chamber;

[0020] There are two end covers, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shell, and the end covers are threadedly mounted on the shell;

[0021] The bolt mouth is plugged and installed on the axis of the end cover;

[0022] There are two corner tubes, which are symmetrically plugged and installed at both ends of the shell;

[0023] Horizontal bar, snap-fitted and installed in the middle position on one side of the middle door;

[0024] There are two ear seats, which are symmetrically clamped and installed on the outer wall of the shell; in addition, a through groove is opened in the middle of the ear seat.

[0025] Preferably, the middle door section is snap-fitted with a rubber pad, both side end faces of the middle door are evenly provided with balls, and the balls are rotatably mounted with the middle door, and a ring bin is provided inside the shell to accommodate the middle door.

[0026] Preferably, the outer wall of the middle door is symmetrically snap-fitted with a one-to-one corresponding ear seat, a ring tube is plugged into and installed in the middle position of the ring frame, a gasket is snap-fitted with the inner wall of the ring tube away from the ear seat, a horizontal axis is slidably snap-fitted with the axis of the gasket, a cake ring is snap-fitted with the outer wall of the end of the horizontal axis close to the gasket, and the cake ring fits with the inner wall of the ring tube. In addition, a snake groove is provided on the outer wall of the cake ring, and a telescopic spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the end of the horizontal axis close to the ear seat, and the telescopic spring is located between the cake ring and the end of the ring tube close to the mouth frame, an end cap is snap-fitted with the end of the horizontal axis away from the mouth frame, a corner plate matching the through groove is snap-fitted with the end of the horizontal axis close to the mouth frame, and a pin shaft snap-fitted with the snake groove is plugged into and installed on the outer wall of the ring tube.

[0027] Preferably, the cleaning unit comprises:

[0028] The hydration ring is clamped and installed in the middle of the inner wall of the bottom bin, and the end of the hydration ring away from the center of the glass tube is chamfered;

[0029] The nozzle is circumferentially arranged on the chamfered surface of the hydration ring;

[0030] The liquid outlet is annularly arranged on the periphery of one end of the hydration ring away from the center of the glass tube, and the inner wall of the liquid outlet on the side away from the axis of the hydration ring is chamfered;

[0031] The water valve is symmetrically plugged and installed on the outer wall of the hydration ring, and a slot for the water supply valve to move is provided on the outer wall of the glass tube near the bottom bin;

[0032] The hose is clamped and installed at the end of the water valve away from the axis of the hydration ring;

[0033] The water storage cylinder is mounted in a clamped connection inside the end cover near one end of the bottom bin. In addition, the other end of the hose is connected to the water storage cylinder. The electric telescopic rod is mounted in a clamped connection with the inner wall of the end cover near one side of the bottom bin.

[0034] The electric heating plate is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the middle door;

[0035] There are two angle valves, which are symmetrically plug-in installed on the outer wall of one side of the shell.

[0036] Preferably, the vertical distance between the end face of the rubber ring close to the wedge ring and the end face of the wedge ring away from the rubber ring is equal to the vertical distance between the end face of the bottom bin close to the glass tube and the end face of the corner ring close to the rubber ring away from the center of the glass tube, the vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber away from the bottom bin and the end face of the middle door away from the bottom bin is greater than the vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber close to the bottom bin and the end face of the middle door close to the bottom bin, the inner diameter of the corner ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin close to the center of the glass tube, the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin close to the center of the glass tube is equal to the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber, and the inner diameter of the bottom bin away from the glass tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber.

[0037] A convenient method for replacing and cleaning the filter membrane inside the dialyzer is to use the above-mentioned hemodialyzer structure that is easy to replace the filter membrane to implement replacement and cleaning. The specific steps are as follows:

[0038] S1: First, the end cap is pressed to compress the telescopic spring of the cake ring. During this process, the snake groove on the outer wall of the cake ring and the pin shaft produce relative movement, causing the cake ring to rotate 90 degrees during the movement. Then the medical staff pulls the mouth frame, and the angle plate passes through the through groove smoothly. Under the guidance of the ball support, the middle door moves toward the inside of the ring bin until the horizontal bar contacts the outer shell;

[0039] S2: Then, the relative movement between the vertical rod and the spiral groove causes the corner ring away from the center of the glass tube to rotate until the sealing plate is completely closed and the dialysis path of the old filter membrane is cut off. After that, the electric telescopic rod controls the bottom bin to drive the dialysis chamber to move toward the center of the glass tube until the center of the dialysis chamber coincides with the center of the outer shell;

[0040] S3: Finally, the medical staff manually pulls out and inserts the old and new filter membranes. Before replacing the new filter membrane, the vertical rod near the center of the glass tube is used to control the rotation of the corner ring near the center of the glass tube until the sealing plate is completely closed. The disinfectant cleaning liquid inside the water storage cylinder is guided to the nozzle through a hose, and the nozzle continuously sprays the disinfectant cleaning liquid to the sealing area of ​​the two sets of sealing plates.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1. The present invention causes the cake ring to compress the telescopic spring by pressing the end cap. During this process, the snake groove on the outer wall of the cake ring and the pin shaft produce relative movement, causing the cake ring to rotate ninety degrees during the movement. Then the medical staff pulls the mouth frame, and the corner plate passes through the through groove smoothly. The middle door moves toward the inside of the ring bin under the guidance of the ball support until the horizontal bar contacts the outer shell. Then, the bottom bin is controlled by the electric telescopic rod to drive the dialysis chamber to move toward the center of the glass tube until the center of the dialysis chamber coincides with the center of the outer shell. Finally, the medical staff manually pulls out and inserts the old and new filter membranes, that is, by simply pressing the end cap, the sealing state of the middle door to the outer shell is released, the replacement steps are simplified, the filter membrane can be quickly and conveniently replaced, the interaction time between the filter membrane and the medical staff and the external environment is reduced, the risk of cross infection is reduced, and at the same time, the difficulty of installation and calibration is reduced, the dialysis consistency during the alternation of the old and new filter membranes is fully ensured, and the dialysis efficiency is improved.

[0043] 2. In the present invention, the vertical rod intermittently moves relative to the spiral groove under the guidance of the strip window, causing the corner ring to rotate at a certain angle, thereby changing the sealing state of the diagonal ring or the bottom ring of the sealing plate. At the same time, the disinfecting cleaning liquid inside the water storage cylinder is guided to the nozzle through the hose. Thereafter, the nozzle continuously sprays the disinfecting cleaning liquid to the sealing areas of the two groups of sealing plates, and the sealing state of the sealing plate away from one end of the glass tube changes linearly during specific implementation, that is, the sealing plate continuously reciprocates and expands, changing the kinetic energy of the disinfecting cleaning liquid fluid, further improving the flushing and cleaning effect of the disinfecting cleaning liquid, and fully ensuring the cleanliness of the filter membrane operating area inside the bottom bin when the old filter membrane is replaced with the new one, thereby reducing the risk of cross infection.

[0044] 3. The present invention reasonably controls the inner diameter of the bottom bin close to the center of the glass tube, the inner diameter of the corner ring, and the inner diameter of the bottom bin away from the center of the glass tube, thereby avoiding the splashing range of the dialyzed impurity liquid during the detachment of the old filter membrane to a certain extent. At the same time, a wedge ring closing groove is added to ensure that when the old filter membrane is detached from the bottom bin, the dialyzed impurity liquid on it will not fall onto the corner ring when dripping, but will only drip onto the end face and the opening groove on one side of the bottom bin close to the center of the glass tube, thereby reducing the risk of cross infection and improving the safety and timeliness of dialysis with the new filter membrane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 The present invention is attached Figure 1 Three-dimensional display of the structure from another perspective.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the internal structure of the shell of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the door and the local structure assembly thereof in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the partial structural section of the separation unit of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the local structure of the control unit of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 7 The present invention is attached Figure 6 Plan view of the internal structure of the medium structure.

[0052] Figure 8 The present invention is attached Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure in the middle.

[0053] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing the local structure of the control unit of the present invention from another perspective.

[0054] Fig.10 The present invention is attached Fig. 9 The three-dimensional display diagram of the structure after omitting the glass tube.

[0055] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the hydration ring of the present invention and the local structure thereon.

[0056] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the local structure of the control unit in the present invention.

[0057] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the bottom ring of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.14 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the dialysis room and its local structure in the present invention.

[0059] Numbers in the figure: 1, glass tube; 2, separation unit; 3, control unit; 4, cleaning unit;

[0060] 11. Dialysis chamber; 12. Filter membrane; 13. Rubber ring; 14. Wedge ring;

[0061] 21. Shell; 22. Middle door; 23. End cover; 24. Bolt mouth; 25. Angle tube; 26. Horizontal bar; 27. Ear seat; 28. Through slot;

[0062] 211, rubber pad; 212, ball bearing; 213, ring chamber;

[0063] 221, mouth frame; 222, ring tube; 223, gasket; 224, horizontal axis; 225, cake ring; 226, telescopic spring; 227, end cap; 228, angle plate; 229, shaft pin;

[0064] 31. Bottom bin; 32. End plate; 33. Mouth groove; 34. Electric telescopic rod; 35. Ring groove; 36. Bottom ring; 37. Hexagonal groove; 38. Sealing plate;

[0065] 311, corner ring; 312, pillar; 313, groove; 314, spiral groove; 315, strip window; 316, vertical rod;

[0066] 41. Hydration ring; 42. Nozzle; 43. Liquid outlet; 44. Water valve; 45. Hose; 46. Water storage cylinder; 47. Electric heating plate; 48. Angle valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used in this document are only for the purpose of explanation and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0069] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0070] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that a hemodialyzer structure that is convenient for replacing a filter membrane 12 comprises a glass tube 1, a separation unit 2 is arranged on the periphery of the glass tube 1, a control unit 3 is arranged at one end of the glass tube 1, and a cleaning unit 4 is arranged inside the control unit 3;

[0071] Reference Figure 3 and Fig.14 It can be seen that a dialysis chamber 11 is movably arranged at the axis of the bottom bin 31, a filter membrane 12 is mounted inside the dialysis chamber 11, a rubber ring 13 is mounted on the outer wall of one end of the dialysis chamber 11 close to the bottom bin 31, and a wedge ring 14 is mounted on one end of the dialysis chamber 11 close to the bottom bin 31;

[0072] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the separation unit 2 includes: a shell 21, which is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube 1, and the shell 21 is installed by clamping and matching with the outer wall of the glass tube 1; a middle door 22, which has a cross-sectional shape of half a circle, is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube 1, and the middle door 22 is installed by sliding and matching with the shell 21; in addition, a fracture area is reserved in the middle of the outer wall of the shell 21, and the cross-sectional shape of the fracture area is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the middle door 22; the axial length of the middle door 22 is at least ten centimeters greater than the axial length of the dialysis chamber 11;

[0073] The end covers 23 are two in number and are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the housing 21, and the end covers 23 and the housing 21 are threadedly mounted; the bolt opening 24 is plugged and mounted on the axis of the end covers 23; the angle tubes 25 are two in number and are symmetrically plugged and mounted at both ends of the housing 21; the horizontal bar 26 is snap-fitted and mounted in the middle position of one side of the middle door 22; the ear seats 27 are two in number and are symmetrically snap-fitted and mounted on the outer wall of the housing 21; in addition, a through slot 28 is provided in the middle position of the ear seats 27;

[0074] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the middle door 22 has a rubber pad 211 installed on the cross section, and both side end surfaces of the middle door 22 are evenly provided with balls 212, and the balls 212 are rotatably installed with the middle door 22. A ring compartment 213 is provided inside the housing 21 to accommodate the middle door 22.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the outer wall of the middle door 22 is symmetrically mounted with a mouth frame 221 corresponding to the ear seat 27, and a ring tube 222 is inserted and installed in the middle position of the mouth frame 221. The inner wall of the ring tube 222 away from the ear seat 27 is mounted with a gasket 223, and the gasket 223 is slidably mounted with a horizontal axis 224 at the axis center. The outer wall of the horizontal axis 224 close to the gasket 223 is mounted with a cake ring 225, and the cake ring 225 is in contact with the inner wall of the ring tube 222. In addition, the cake ring 225 is mounted on the inner wall of the ring tube 222. A snake groove is provided on the outer wall of 25, and a telescopic spring 226 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the transverse axis 224 near the ear seat 27, and the telescopic spring 226 is located between the cake ring 225 and the end of the ring tube 222 near the mouth frame 221, and an end cap 227 is clamped and installed on the end of the transverse axis 224 away from the mouth frame 221, and an angle plate 228 matching the through groove 28 is clamped and installed on the end of the transverse axis 224 near the mouth frame 221, and a pin shaft that is clamped and matched with the snake groove is inserted and installed on the outer wall of the ring tube 222.

[0076] A brief description of the dialysis process:

[0077] First, the external blood to be dialyzed is guided to the dialysis chamber 11 through the plug port 24 at one end (in specific implementation, the dialysis chamber 11 and the plug port 24 can be connected through an internal pipeline to ensure the normal progress of dialysis);

[0078] Next, the blood is dialyzed through the filter membrane 12 (and before that, the dialysate is introduced into the dialysis chamber 11 through the angle tube 25 away from the end where the blood is introduced, so as to achieve interaction between the dialysate and the blood);

[0079] Finally, the dialyzed blood is led out to the dialyzer 11 through the plug port 24 at the other end, and the dialysate that has completed the dialysis (the discarded dialysate after the interaction with the blood) is led out of the dialyzer 11 through the angle tube 25 at the other end;

[0080] Shell 21, end cap 23: Through the cooperation between the shell 21 and the end cap 23, isolation protection is provided to the dialysis chamber 11 and the filter membrane 12, the control unit 3 and the cleaning unit 4 therein, which helps to increase the service life of the relevant components, and at the same time helps to further improve the operation safety of the control unit 3 and the cleaning unit 4, and reduce the invasion of bacteria in the external environment;

[0081] The specific control process of the separation unit 2 on the opening and closing state between the middle door 22 and the outer shell 21 is as follows:

[0082] Take opening the middle door 22 as an example:

[0083] First, the medical staff presses the end cap 227 and maintains a certain interaction force. After that, the horizontal shaft 224 drives the cake ring 225 to compress the telescopic spring 226 to a specified deformation amount under the combined action of the reverse force of the end cap 227 and the guide of the gasket 223 (in the initial state, the angle plate 228 and the ear seat 27 are engaged with each other, and the elastic potential energy of the telescopic spring 226 causes the angle plate 228 and the ear seat 27 to maintain a certain engagement interaction force).

[0084] Next, during the movement of the cake ring 225, the snake groove on its surface continuously moves with the axial pin 229, thereby causing the cake ring 225 to rotate at a corresponding angle while moving along the axial direction of the ring tube 222 (in specific implementation, the interaction between the snake groove and the axial pin 229 can only support the cake ring 225 to rotate 90 degrees), until the angle plate 228 is arranged opposite to the through groove 28 (in specific implementation, the size of the angle plate 228 is at least one unit smaller than the through groove 28, that is, the angle plate 228 is not completely equal to the through groove 28, so as to ensure that the angle plate 228 can completely separate from the through groove 28 when the middle door 22 rotates, that is, the size of the angle plate 228 is limited, and space is reserved for it to pass through the through groove 28);

[0085] Finally, the medical staff holds the corresponding opening frame 221 with both hands, and drives the middle door 22 to rotate a certain angle. In this process, the friction potential energy consumption between the middle door 22 and the outer shell 21 is reduced by the ball bearing 212, which improves the opening and closing smoothness of the middle door 22 and reduces the loss caused by the frequent opening and closing of the middle door 22, thereby increasing the service life of the middle door 22.

[0086] Rubber pad 211: on the one hand, it can effectively improve the sealing performance of the connection between the middle door 22 and the outer shell 21, and reduce the probability of bacteria in the external environment invading the inner part of the outer shell 21; at the same time, it can further reduce the collision loss between the middle door 22 and the outer shell 21 during the opening and closing process, thereby further improving the service life of the middle door 22 and the outer shell 21;

[0087] Ring chamber 213: The ring chamber 213 is used to implement incomplete disassembly storage of the middle door 22, which not only provides sufficient space for medical staff to replace the internal filter membrane 12, but also reduces the complexity of overall replacement, reduces the replacement cycle of the filter membrane 12, reduces the degree of interaction between the control unit 3 and the cleaning unit 4 and other related components and the external environment, and reduces the risk of secondary cross infection of patients;

[0088] The middle door 22 closes the outer shell 21 again and interacts with the external environment:

[0089] With reference to the aforementioned opening of the middle door 22, the specific operation method is opposite to the aforementioned principle.

[0090] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 and Fig.13 It can be seen that the control unit 3 includes: a bottom bin 31, which is one in number and is coaxially arranged at one end of the glass tube 1; two end plates 32, which are symmetrically clamped and installed on the outer wall of the bottom bin 31 at one end near the center of the glass tube 1; in addition, a groove 33 is provided on the outer wall of the end of the glass tube 1 near the bottom bin 31, which is slidably clamped and installed with the end plate 32; an electric telescopic rod 34 is clamped and installed at one end of the end plate 32 away from the axis of the bottom bin 31; and an annular groove 35 is provided on the axis side of the end of the bottom bin 31 near the center of the glass tube 1.

[0091] There are two bottom rings 36, which are symmetrically arranged inside the bottom bin 31; in addition, a hexagonal groove 37 is provided on the end surface of the bottom ring 36 close to the center of the glass tube 1; six sealing plates 38 are arranged in a group on the end surface of the bottom ring 36 close to the center of the glass tube 1, and the sealing plates 38 are slidably engaged with the hexagonal groove 37 for installation;

[0092] Reference Figure 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.12It can be seen that the outer wall of the bottom ring 36 is snap-fitted with an angle ring 311 that is rotatably mounted with the inner wall of the bottom bin 31, the end face of the sealing plate 38 away from the bottom ring 36 is snap-fitted with a pillar 312, the end face of the angle ring 311 close to the bottom ring 36 is provided with a groove 313 that is slidably snap-fitted with the straight column, the outer wall of the angle ring 311 is provided with a spiral groove 314, the outer wall of the bottom bin 31 is provided with two strip windows 315, and the strip windows 315 correspond to the angle ring 311 in position one by one, the outer wall of the strip windows 315 is slidably snap-fitted with a vertical rod 316 that is snap-fitted with the spiral groove 314, and the vertical rod 316 is slidably mounted in the glass tube 1;

[0093] The vertical distance between the end face of the rubber ring 13 close to the wedge ring 14 and the end face of the wedge ring 14 away from the rubber ring 13 is equal to the vertical distance between the end face of the bottom bin 31 close to the glass tube 1 and the end face of the corner ring 311 close to the rubber ring 13 away from the center of the glass tube 1. The vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber 11 away from the bottom bin 31 and the end face of the middle door 22 away from the bottom bin 31 is greater than the vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber 11 close to the bottom bin 31 and the end face of the middle door 22 close to the bottom bin 31. The inner diameter of the corner ring 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1. The inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber 11. The inner diameter of the bottom bin 31 away from the glass tube 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber 11.

[0094] The process of moving the old filter membrane 12:

[0095] First, the vertical rod 316 (the end away from the center of the glass tube 1) gradually moves relative to the spiral groove 314 under the guidance of the strip window 315. In specific implementation, the vertical rod 316 can be driven to move by an electric slider. In this process, the corner ring 311 drives the sealing plate 38 to close toward the axial end of the bottom bin 31 under the reverse action of the vertical rod 316 (when the corner ring 311 rotates, the inner groove 313 forces the support 312 to drive the sealing plate 38 to move a specified distance under the further guidance of the hexagonal groove 37), until the sealing plate 38 (a plurality of sealing plates 38 in the same group move simultaneously) completely seals the corner ring 311 and the center of the bottom ring 36, thereby cutting off the dialysis of the filter membrane 12 toward the plug port 24 (the end for blood extraction) (at this time, the residual dialysis impurity liquid in the filter membrane 12 continuously flows to the area between the two groups of sealing plates 38 under the action of gravity);

[0096] The vertical distance between the end face of the rubber ring 13 close to the wedge ring 14 and the end face of the wedge ring 14 away from the rubber ring 13 is equal to the vertical distance between the end face of the bottom bin 31 close to the glass tube 1 and the end face of the corner ring 311 close to the rubber ring 13 away from the center of the glass tube 1. Purpose:

[0097] Ensure that the wedge ring 14 is always in contact with the end surface of the corner ring 311 (away from the center end of the glass tube 1) close to the center of the glass tube 1 (to ensure the feasibility of the first step of the moving process of the old filter membrane 12);

[0098] Rubber ring 13: On the one hand, it further seals the flow area between the dialysis chamber 11 and the glass tube 1 to reduce the degree of interaction between the external environment and the internal components of the glass tube 1; on the other hand, it further ensures the operational stability of the dialysis chamber 11 in the glass tube 1, indirectly improving the dialysis effect;

[0099] Next, the end plate 32 drives the bottom bin 31 to move as a whole toward the center end of the glass tube 1 under the extension and retraction action of the electric extension rod 34 (in this process, the movement limit of the glass tube 1 on the end plate 32 is released through the opening groove 33, and the movement accuracy of the end plate 32 is further improved, and the position installation consistency of the new and old filter membranes 12 is indirectly improved), until the dialysis chamber 11 is arranged opposite to the middle door 22;

[0100] Finally, the medical staff pulls out the old filter membrane 12 with both hands;

[0101] The old filter membrane 12 has the problem of dialysis impurities dripping during the removal process - Solution:

[0102] The inner diameter of the corner ring 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1. The inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber 11. The inner diameter of the side of the bottom bin 31 away from the glass tube 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber 11.

[0103] By reasonably controlling the inner diameter of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1, the inner diameter of the corner ring 311, and the inner diameter of the bottom bin 31 away from the center of the glass tube 1, the splashing range of the dialyzed impurity liquid during the detachment of the old filter membrane 12 can be avoided to a certain extent. At the same time, the wedge ring 14 is added with a closing groove 33 to ensure that when the old filter membrane 12 is detached from the bottom bin 31, the dialyzed impurity liquid on it does not fall toward the corner ring 311 when dripping, but only drips toward the end surface of the bottom bin 31 close to the center of the glass tube 1 and the opening groove 33, thereby reducing the risk of cross infection and improving the safety and timeliness of the dialysis of the new filter membrane 12.

[0104] Medical staff install new filter membrane 12 process:

[0105] First, the vertical rod 316 (the end close to the center of the glass tube 1) gradually moves relative to the spiral groove 314 under the guidance of the strip window 315. During this process, the corner ring 311 drives the sealing plate 38 to close toward the axial end of the bottom bin 31 under the reverse action of the vertical rod 316, until the sealing plate 38 (a plurality of sealing plates 38 in the same group move simultaneously) completely seals the center of the corner ring 311 and the bottom ring 36.

[0106] Next, the end plate 32 is controlled again by the electric telescopic rod 34 to drive the bottom bin 31 to move away from the center end of the glass tube 1 to the initial position, at which time the rubber ring 13 is in contact with the inner wall of the glass tube 1;

[0107] Finally, the vertical rod 316 moves in the opposite direction, that is, the sealing plate 38 here gradually releases the seal of the diagonal ring 311 and the bottom ring 36, until the dialysis chamber 11 can pass through the diagonal ring 311 (close to the center side of the glass tube 1), and at this time the rubber ring 13 is just in contact with the bottom bin 31, and finally, the sealing plate 38 away from the center side of the glass tube 1 is controlled to synchronously release its seal of the diagonal ring 311 and the bottom ring 36 at the corresponding position, so as to ensure that the new filter membrane 12 can implement hemodialysis again.

[0108] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the cleaning unit 4 includes: a hydration ring 41, which is clamped and installed at the middle position of the inner wall of the bottom bin 31, and the end of the hydration ring 41 away from the center of the glass tube 1 is chamfered; a nozzle 42 is circumferentially arranged on the chamfered surface of the hydration ring 41; a liquid outlet 43 is annularly arranged on the periphery of the end of the hydration ring 41 away from the center of the glass tube 1, and the inner wall of the side of the liquid outlet 43 away from the axis of the hydration ring 41 is chamfered; a water valve 44 is symmetrically plugged and installed on the outer wall of the hydration ring 41, and a groove for the movement of the water supply valve 44 is arranged on the outer wall of the end of the glass tube 1 close to the bottom bin 31;

[0109] The hose 45 is snap-fitted to the end of the water valve 44 away from the axis of the hydration ring 41; the water storage cylinder 46 is snap-fitted to the inside of the end cover 23 near one end of the bottom bin 31. In addition, the other end of the hose 45 is connected to the water storage cylinder 46; the electric telescopic rod 34 is snap-fitted to the inner wall of the end cover 23 near the bottom bin 31; the electric heating plate 47 is snap-fitted to the middle position of the inner wall of the middle door 22; there are two angle valves 48, which are symmetrically plug-in mounted on the outer wall of one side of the shell 21.

[0110] The cleaning process of the cleaning unit 4 on the working surface of the dialysis chamber 11:

[0111] It is hereby explained that at this time, the two sets of sealing plates 38 respectively implement complete sealing treatment on the bottom ring 36 and the corner ring 311 at the corresponding positions;

[0112] First, the disinfectant cleaning liquid and clean water in the water storage cylinder 46 (in the specific implementation, there are two areas in the water storage cylinder 46, which are separated from each other) are guided to different layers in the hydration ring 41 through angle valves 48 at different positions through the hose 45. In the specific implementation, the liquid in the water storage cylinder 46 can be guided to the designated area through the built-in water pump;

[0113] Next, the disinfectant cleaning liquid and clean water are sprayed respectively through the nozzle 42 (the specific angle can be calculated externally, and the spraying range of the nozzle 42 completely includes the sealing plate 38) and the liquid outlet 43, and the chamfer structure of the liquid outlet 43 is improved (for details, please refer to the attached Figure 8 ), thereby further ensuring that the clean water can completely interact with the inner wall of the bottom bin 31, further increasing the flushing range of the approaching water;

[0114] In this process, the sealing plate 38 far away from one end of the glass tube 1 changes its sealing state linearly during the specific implementation, that is, the sealing plate 38 continuously reciprocates and expands, changing the kinetic energy of the disinfection cleaning liquid fluid, further improving the flushing and cleaning effect of the disinfection cleaning liquid, and fully ensuring that when the new and old filter membranes 12 are replaced, the filter membrane 12 operation area inside the bottom bin 31 is clean and tidy, reducing the risk of cross infection;

[0115] In specific implementation, heat dissipation plates are embedded inside the bottom ring 36 and the corner ring 311 to speed up the drying process of the two sets of sealing plates 38 after cleaning, which helps to further eliminate the environment for bacteria to breed;

[0116] Finally, when the middle door 22 is closed, the external disinfectant is sprayed in an atomized manner between the outer shell 21 and the glass tube 1 through the angle valve 48 (in specific implementation, the externally stored disinfectant can be pumped to the angle valve 48 area through an external water pump), assisted by the heating effect of the electric heating plate 47, to disinfect the bacteria in the area between the outer shell 21 and the glass tube 1 (when the middle door 22 is opened, there is an interaction process with the external environment), thereby fully ensuring the sterilization of dialysis.

[0117] The working principle of the hemodialyzer structure for facilitating replacement of the filter membrane 12 provided by the present invention is as follows: Step 1: First, by pressing the end cap 227, the cake ring 225 is prompted to compress the telescopic spring 226. During this process, the snake groove on the outer wall of the cake ring 225 and the pin shaft produce relative movement, causing the cake ring 225 to rotate at a 90-degree angle during the movement. Then, the medical staff pulls the mouth frame 221, and the angle plate 228 smoothly passes through the through groove 28. The middle door 22 moves toward the inside of the ring bin 213 under the support and guidance of the ball bearing 212 until the horizontal bar 26 contacts the outer shell 21;

[0118] Step 2: Then, the relative movement between the vertical rod 316 and the spiral groove 314 causes the corner ring 311 away from the center of the glass tube 1 to rotate until the sealing plate 38 is completely closed, cutting off the dialysis path of the old filter membrane 12. After that, the electric telescopic rod 34 controls the bottom bin 31 to drive the dialysis chamber 11 to move toward the center of the glass tube 1 until the center of the dialysis chamber 11 coincides with the center of the housing 21.

[0119] Step 3: Finally, the medical staff manually pulls out and plugs in the old and new filter membranes 12, and before replacing the new filter membrane 12, the vertical rod 316 near the center side of the glass tube 1 is used to control the rotation of the corner ring 311 near the center side of the glass tube 1 until the sealing plate 38 is completely closed here, and then the disinfectant cleaning liquid inside the water storage cylinder 46 is guided to the nozzle 42 through the hose 45, and the nozzle 42 continuously sprays the disinfectant cleaning liquid to the sealing area of ​​the two sets of sealing plates 38.

[0120] The circuits and controls involved in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0121] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hemodialyzer structure for facilitating replacement of a filter membrane (12), comprising a glass tube (1), characterized in that: A separation unit (2) is arranged on the periphery of the glass tube (1), a control unit (3) is arranged at one end of the glass tube (1), and a cleaning unit (4) is arranged inside the control unit (3); The control unit (3) comprises: A bottom bin (31), which is one in number and is coaxially arranged at one end of the glass tube (1); There are two end plates (32) which are symmetrically mounted on the outer wall of one end of the bottom bin (31) close to the center of the glass tube (1); in addition, a groove (33) is provided on the outer wall of one end of the glass tube (1) close to the bottom bin (31) for slidingly engaging with the end plate (32); An electric telescopic rod (34) is mounted on the end of the end plate (32) away from the axis of the bottom bin (31) by clamping; The annular groove (35) is provided on the axial side of one end of the bottom bin (31) close to the center of the glass tube (1); Two bottom rings (36) are symmetrically arranged inside the bottom bin (31); in addition, a hexagonal groove (37) is formed on the end surface of the bottom ring (36) close to the center of the glass tube (1); The sealing plates (38) are grouped in six and are arranged on the end surface of the bottom ring (36) close to the center of the glass tube (1). The sealing plates (38) are installed by sliding and snap-fitting with the hexagonal grooves (37).

2. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the bottom ring (36) is snap-fitted with an angle ring (311) that is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom bin (31); the end face of the sealing plate (38) away from the bottom ring (36) is snap-fitted with a pillar (312); the end face of the angle ring (311) close to the bottom ring (36) is provided with a groove (313) that is slidably snap-fitted with a straight column; the outer wall of the angle ring (311) is provided with a spiral groove (314); the outer wall of the bottom bin (31) is provided with two strip windows (315), and the strip windows (315) correspond to the positions of the angle ring (311) one by one; the outer wall of the strip window (315) is slidably snap-fitted with a vertical rod (316) that is snap-fitted with the spiral groove (314); and the vertical rod (316) is slidably mounted inside the glass tube (1).

3. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dialysis chamber (11) is movably arranged at the axis center of the bottom bin (31), a filter membrane (12) is clamped and installed inside the dialysis chamber (11), a rubber ring (13) is clamped and installed on the outer wall of one end of the dialysis chamber (11) close to the bottom bin (31), and a wedge ring (14) is clamped and installed on one end of the dialysis chamber (11) close to the bottom bin (31).

4. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation unit (2) comprises: The outer shell (21) is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube (1), and the outer shell (21) is mounted by snap-fitting with the outer wall of the glass tube (1); The middle door (22) has a cross-sectional shape of a half-circle and is coaxially arranged outside the glass tube (1), and the middle door (22) is slidably mounted with the outer shell (21); in addition, a fracture area is reserved in the middle of the outer wall of the outer shell (21), and the cross-sectional shape of the fracture area is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the middle door (22); the axial length of the middle door (22) is at least ten centimeters greater than the axial length of the dialysis chamber (11); Two end covers (23) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the housing (21), and the end covers (23) and the housing (21) are threadedly mounted; The bolt mouth (24) is plugged and installed on the axis of the end cover (23); Two corner tubes (25) are symmetrically plugged and installed at both ends of the housing (21); A horizontal bar (26) is mounted in a middle position on one side of the middle door (22) by snap-fitting; There are two ear seats (27) which are symmetrically mounted on the outer wall of the housing (21). In addition, a through slot is provided in the middle of the ear seats (27).

5. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle door (22) is provided with a rubber pad (211) in a cross-section snap-fitted thereon. Ball bearings (212) are evenly arranged on both side end surfaces of the middle door (22). The ball bearings (212) are rotatably mounted with the middle door (22). A ring bin (213) is provided inside the housing (21) for receiving the middle door (22).

6. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the middle door (22) is symmetrically mounted with a mouth frame (221) corresponding to the ear seat (27), a ring tube (222) is inserted and installed in the middle position of the mouth frame (221), a gasket (223) is mounted on the inner wall of the end of the ring tube (222) away from the ear seat (27), a transverse axis (224) is mounted at the axis of the gasket (223) in a sliding manner, a cake ring (225) is mounted on the outer wall of the end of the transverse axis (224) close to the gasket (223), and the cake ring (225) is fitted with the inner wall of the ring tube (222). In addition, the cake ring (225) A snake groove is provided on the outer wall of the transverse axis (224) near the ear seat (27), and a telescopic spring (226) is sleeved on the outer wall, and the telescopic spring (226) is located between the cake ring (225) and the end of the ring tube (222) near the mouth frame (221), and an end cap (227) is installed in a snap-fit ​​manner at the end of the transverse axis (224) away from the mouth frame (221), and an angle plate (228) matching the through groove is installed in a snap-fit ​​manner at the end of the transverse axis (224) near the mouth frame (221), and a pin shaft matching the snake groove is inserted and installed on the outer wall of the ring tube (222).

7. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning unit (4) comprises: A hydration ring (41) is clamped and installed at the middle position of the inner wall of the bottom bin (31), and the end of the hydration ring (41) away from the center of the glass tube (1) is chamfered; A nozzle (42) is circumferentially arranged on the chamfered surface of the hydration ring (41); The liquid outlet (43) is annularly arranged on the periphery of one end of the hydration ring (41) away from the center of the glass tube (1), and the inner wall of the liquid outlet (43) on the side away from the axis of the hydration ring (41) is chamfered; The water valve (44) is symmetrically plugged and installed on the outer wall of the hydration ring (41), and a notch (28) for the water supply valve (44) to move is provided on the outer wall of one end of the glass tube (1) close to the bottom bin (31); A hose (45) is mounted on the end of the water valve (44) away from the axis of the hydration ring (41) by snap-fitting; The water storage cylinder (46) is mounted in a clamping connection inside the end cover (23) near one end of the bottom bin (31). In addition, the other end of the hose (45) is connected to the water storage cylinder (46). The electric telescopic rod (34) is mounted in a clamping connection with the inner wall of the end cover (23) near one side of the bottom bin (31). The electric heating plate (47) is mounted on the middle position of the inner wall of the middle door (22); There are two angle valves (48) which are symmetrically plug-connected and installed on one side of the outer wall of the housing (21).

8. A hemodialyzer structure that facilitates replacement of the filter membrane (12) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the end face of the rubber ring (13) close to the wedge ring (14) and the end face of the wedge ring (14) away from the rubber ring (13) is equal to the vertical distance between the end face of the bottom chamber (31) close to the glass tube (1) and the end face of the corner ring (311) close to the rubber ring (13) away from the center of the glass tube (1). The vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber (11) away from the bottom chamber (31) and the end face of the middle door (22) away from the bottom chamber (31) is equal to the vertical distance between the end face of the bottom chamber (31) close to the glass tube (1) and the end face of the corner ring (311) away from the center of the glass tube (1). The vertical distance between the two ends is greater than the vertical distance between the end face of the dialysis chamber (11) close to the bottom bin (31) and the end face of the middle door (22) close to the bottom bin (31); the inner diameter of the corner ring (311) is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin (31) close to the center of the glass tube (1); the inner diameter of the end of the bottom bin (31) close to the center of the glass tube (1) is equal to the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber (11); and the inner diameter of the side of the bottom bin (31) away from the glass tube (1) is smaller than the outer diameter of the dialysis chamber (11).

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