Railway wagon heating system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a railway wagon heating system and method, and belongs to the technical field of railway wagons, the heating system comprises a power generation unit, a rectification module, a first DC-DC module and a heating unit, the power generation unit is arranged at the axle end of a wagon and used for converting mechanical energy of the axle end of the wagon into alternating current; an input port of the rectifier module is connected with the power generation unit and is used for converting alternating current output by the power generation unit into direct current; the input port of the first DC-DC module is connected with the output port of the rectifier module, and the first DC-DC module is used for converting the voltage output by the rectifier module; and the heating unit is connected with the output port of the first DC-DC module, is arranged in the carriage and is used for heating the carriage so as to prevent the coal from being frozen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway freight cars, and more specifically, relates to a railway freight car heating system and method. Background Art

[0002] In winter, the outdoor temperature drops to below -20℃. Existing railway freight cars are prone to freezing during loading, unloading, stopping and transporting coal. When the coal freezes and sticks to the walls of the transport carriages, it increases the difficulty of unloading and seriously affects transportation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a railway freight car heating system and method to solve the problem that railway freight cars are prone to freezing during the process of loading, unloading, stopping and transporting coal.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a railway freight car heating system, comprising:

[0005] A power generation unit, the power generation unit is arranged at the axle end of the truck and is used to convert the mechanical energy of the axle end of the truck into alternating current;

[0006] A rectifier module, the input port of which is connected to the power generation unit, and is used to convert the alternating current output by the power generation unit into direct current;

[0007] a first DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the first DC-DC module is connected to an output port of the rectifier module and is used to transform a voltage output by the rectifier module;

[0008] A heating unit is connected to the output port of the first DC-DC module and is disposed in the vehicle compartment for heating the vehicle compartment.

[0009] Optionally, the railway freight car heating system further comprises:

[0010] A battery module, wherein a charging port of the battery module is connected to an output port of the first DC-DC module, a discharging port of the battery module is connected to the heating unit, and the battery module is capable of detecting its own power and issuing a charging demand instruction;

[0011] a second DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the second DC-DC module is connected to a discharge port of the battery module for converting a voltage output by the battery module, an external power supply port of the rectifier module and an external power supply port of the first DC-DC module are connected in parallel to an output port of the second DC-DC module and are powered by the second DC-DC module;

[0012] A controller is connected to the battery module and the second DC-DC module, the controller is used to receive a charging demand instruction issued by the battery module and control the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction, and the controller is powered by the second DC-DC module.

[0013] Optionally, the railway freight car heating system further comprises:

[0014] An empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit is connected to the controller and is used to detect the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck and send the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck to the controller. The controller is also used to control whether the heating unit is working according to the empty and loaded vehicle state.

[0015] Optionally, the controller is connected to the rectifier module, and is also used to detect the input parameters of the rectifier module and obtain the truck speed according to the motor characteristic curve. The controller is also used to control the on and off of the power supply of the heating unit and the first DC-DC module and the on and off of the power supply of the heating unit and the battery module according to the truck speed.

[0016] Optionally, the battery module comprises:

[0017] Battery;

[0018] A BMS system is connected to the controller, and the BMS system is used to detect the battery status and send a charging demand instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery according to the charging demand instruction.

[0019] Optionally, the power generation unit includes a transmission wheel and a generator arranged at the shaft end of the vehicle, and the generator is connected to the shaft end through the transmission wheel.

[0020] Optionally, a first switch is provided between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit, the first switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit through the first switch.

[0021] Optionally, a second switch is provided between the battery module and the heating unit, the second switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the battery module and the heating unit through the second switch.

[0022] Optionally, a third switch is connected between the battery module and the second DC-DC module, the third switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on and off of the current between the battery module and the second DC-DC module through the third switch.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a railway freight car heating method, based on the railway freight car heating system described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0024] The controller determines the empty and loaded vehicle status based on the empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit;

[0025] If the vehicle is in an empty state, the controller controls the first switch and the second switch to be disconnected, the heating unit stops working, the battery module sends a charging demand instruction to the controller according to its own power, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction;

[0026] If it is a heavy vehicle state, the controller determines the relationship between the truck speed and the set speed;

[0027] If the speed of the truck is less than the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to be disconnected, the controller controls the second switch to be closed, and the heating unit is powered by the battery module;

[0028] If the speed of the truck is greater than or equal to the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to close, and the controller controls the second switch to open, and the heating unit is powered by the power generation unit.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a railway freight car heating system is provided, the system comprising: a power generation unit, a rectifier module, a first DC-DC module and a heating unit, the power generation unit is arranged at the axle end of the freight car, and is used to convert the mechanical energy of the axle end of the freight car into alternating current; the input port of the rectifier module is connected to the power generation unit, and is used to convert the alternating current output by the power generation unit into direct current; the input port of the first DC-DC module is connected to the output port of the rectifier module, and is used to convert the voltage output by the rectifier module; the heating unit is connected to the output port of the first DC-DC module, and is arranged in the carriage, and is used to heat the carriage to prevent the coal from freezing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a railway freight car heating system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a railway freight car heating system, comprising:

[0035] A power generation unit, the power generation unit is arranged at the axle end of the truck and is used to convert the mechanical energy of the axle end of the truck into alternating current;

[0036] A rectifier module, the input port of which is connected to the power generation unit, and is used to convert the alternating current output by the power generation unit into direct current;

[0037] a first DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the first DC-DC module is connected to an output port of the rectifier module and is used to transform a voltage output by the rectifier module;

[0038] A heating unit is connected to the output port of the first DC-DC module and is disposed in the vehicle compartment for heating the vehicle compartment.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, a power generation unit is installed at the axle end of the vehicle to generate electricity. After being rectified by a rectifier module, a stable direct current is output through a first DC-DC module to power a heating unit. The power supplied by the heating unit can heat the carriage to prevent the coal from freezing.

[0040] Optionally, the railway freight car heating system further comprises:

[0041] A battery module, wherein a charging port of the battery module is connected to an output port of the first DC-DC module, a discharging port of the battery module is connected to the heating unit, and the battery module is capable of detecting its own power and issuing a charging demand instruction;

[0042] a second DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the second DC-DC module is connected to a discharge port of the battery module for converting a voltage output by the battery module, an external power supply port of the rectifier module and an external power supply port of the first DC-DC module are connected in parallel to an output port of the second DC-DC module and are powered by the second DC-DC module;

[0043] A controller is connected to the battery module and the second DC-DC module, the controller is used to receive a charging demand instruction issued by the battery module and control the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction, and the controller is powered by the second DC-DC module.

[0044] In this embodiment, the controller is a PLC.

[0045] Specifically, the charging port of the battery module is connected to the output port of the first DC-DC module. When the power generation unit generates excess electric energy, it is stored in the battery; the discharge port of the battery module is connected to the heating unit to power the heating unit as a backup power supply.

[0046] Optionally, the railway freight car heating system further comprises:

[0047] An empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit is connected to the controller and is used to detect the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck and send the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck to the controller. The controller is also used to control whether the heating unit is working according to the empty and loaded vehicle state.

[0048] Specifically, when the vehicle is empty, there is no cargo in the vehicle and heating is not required, so the controller controls the heating unit to stop working; when the vehicle is loaded, there is cargo in the vehicle and heating is required to avoid freezing, so the controller controls the heating unit to enter the working state.

[0049] Optionally, the controller is connected to the rectifier module, and is also used to detect the input parameters of the rectifier module and obtain the truck speed according to the motor characteristic curve. The controller is also used to control the on and off of the power supply of the heating unit and the first DC-DC module and the on and off of the power supply of the heating unit and the battery module according to the truck speed.

[0050] Specifically, the controller determines the power generation capacity of the power generation unit by the speed of the truck, and selects to use the power generation unit to power the heating unit or to select the battery unit to power the heating unit according to whether the power generation capacity of the power generation unit meets the working requirements.

[0051] Optionally, the battery module comprises:

[0052] Battery;

[0053] A BMS system is connected to the controller, and the BMS system is used to detect the battery status and send a charging demand instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery according to the charging demand instruction.

[0054] Specifically, the BMS system communicates with the first DC-DC module through a controller to control the charging current and voltage. After the battery is fully charged, the BMS system automatically stops charging.

[0055] Optionally, the power generation unit includes a transmission wheel and a generator arranged at the shaft end of the vehicle, and the generator is connected to the shaft end through the transmission wheel.

[0056] Specifically, the shaft end can drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity.

[0057] Optionally, a first switch is provided between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit, the first switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit through the first switch.

[0058] Optionally, a second switch is provided between the battery module and the heating unit, the second switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the battery module and the heating unit through the second switch.

[0059] Optionally, a third switch is connected between the battery module and the second DC-DC module, the third switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on and off of the current between the battery module and the second DC-DC module through the third switch.

[0060] Specifically, the third switch is the main switch of the heating system. After closing, the second DC-DC module is put into operation to provide working power for the rectifier, the first DC-DC module and the controller, and the heating system works.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] This embodiment provides a railway freight car heating method, based on the railway freight car heating system in the first embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0063] The controller determines the empty and loaded vehicle status based on the empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit;

[0064] If the vehicle is in an empty state, the controller controls the first switch and the second switch to be disconnected, the heating unit stops working, the battery module sends a charging demand instruction to the controller according to its own power, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction;

[0065] If it is a heavy vehicle state, the controller determines the relationship between the truck speed and the set speed; in this embodiment, the set speed is 20KM / h, and the controller determines the relationship between the truck speed and the set speed according to the input voltage of the rectifier module. The corresponding relationship is shown in Table 1;

[0066] If the speed of the truck is less than the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to be disconnected, the controller controls the second switch to be closed, and the heating unit is powered by the battery module;

[0067] If the speed of the truck is greater than or equal to the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to close, the controller controls the second switch to open, and the heating unit is powered by the power generation unit;

[0068] The controller detects the battery module power and determines whether the battery needs to be charged;

[0069] If the battery module needs to be charged, the controller controls the battery module to charge;

[0070] If the battery module does not need to be charged, the control controls the battery module to stop charging.

[0071] Specifically, when the input information of the empty and loaded vehicle sensor does not reach the threshold value after being judged by the PLC, it is judged to be an empty vehicle state. In the empty vehicle state, the heating unit is not put into operation, and the PLC collects relevant information to determine whether the battery unit needs to be charged. When the speed of the railway freight car does not reach 20KM / h, the PLC controls the rectifier module and the first DC-DC module not to be put into operation, and there is no output; when the speed of the railway freight car reaches 20KM / h and above, the PLC determines whether charging is required based on the information of the battery module. When charging is required, the BMS system communicates with the first DCDC module through the PLC to control the charging current and voltage. After full charge, the BMS system automatically stops charging; when the speed of the railway freight car reaches 20KM / h and above, if the battery module does not need to be charged, the PLC controls the rectifier module and the first DC-DC module not to be put into operation.

[0072] When the input information of the empty and loaded vehicle sensor reaches the threshold after being judged by the PLC and is determined to be in a heavy vehicle state, and the speed of the railway freight car does not reach 20KM / h, the PLC controls the rectifier module and the first DC-DC module not to be put into operation, the PLC output KA2 is energized, the interlocking second switch is closed, and the battery unit provides power to the heating device; when the speed of the railway freight car does not reach 20KM / h, the PLC controls the rectifier module and DC-DC module 1 to be put into operation, the PLC output KA1 is energized, and the interlocking first switch is closed, KA2 is de-energized, and the interlocking second switch is disconnected, and the power generation unit supplies power to the heating unit. When there is surplus power generated, the battery unit can be charged.

[0073] Table 1 Correspondence between train speed, motor speed and line voltage

[0074] Train speed (kph) Motor speed (rpm) Line voltage (V) 5 188 41 10 375 82 15 563 121 20 750 164 25 938 205 30 1125 246 35 1313 284 40 1500 333 45 1688 374 50 1875 416 55 2063 457 60 2250 499 65 2438 540 70 2625 582 75 2813 624 80 3000 665

[0075] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A railway freight car heating system, characterized in that: include: A power generation unit, the power generation unit is arranged at the axle end of the truck and is used to convert the mechanical energy of the axle end of the truck into alternating current; A rectifier module, the input port of which is connected to the power generation unit, and is used to convert the alternating current output by the power generation unit into direct current; a first DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the first DC-DC module is connected to an output port of the rectifier module and is used to transform a voltage output by the rectifier module; A heating unit is connected to the output port of the first DC-DC module and is disposed in the vehicle compartment for heating the vehicle compartment.

2. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A battery module, wherein a charging port of the battery module is connected to an output port of the first DC-DC module, a discharging port of the battery module is connected to the heating unit, and the battery module is capable of detecting its own power and issuing a charging demand instruction; a second DC-DC module, wherein an input port of the second DC-DC module is connected to a discharge port of the battery module for converting a voltage output by the battery module, an external power supply port of the rectifier module and an external power supply port of the first DC-DC module are connected in parallel to an output port of the second DC-DC module and are powered by the second DC-DC module; A controller is connected to the battery module and the second DC-DC module, the controller is used to receive a charging demand instruction issued by the battery module and control the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction, and the controller is powered by the second DC-DC module.

3. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit is connected to the controller and is used to detect the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck and send the empty and loaded vehicle state of the truck to the controller. The controller is also used to control whether the heating unit is working according to the empty and loaded vehicle state.

4. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controller is connected to the rectifier module, and is also used to detect the input parameters of the rectifier module and obtain the truck speed according to the motor characteristic curve. The controller is also used to control the on and off of the heating unit power supply and the first DC-DC module and the on and off of the heating unit power supply and the battery module according to the truck speed.

5. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery module comprises: Battery; A BMS system is connected to the controller, and the BMS system is used to detect the battery status and send a charging demand instruction to the controller, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery according to the charging demand instruction.

6. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power generation unit includes a transmission wheel and a generator arranged at the shaft end of the vehicle, and the generator is connected to the shaft end through the transmission wheel.

7. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first switch is provided between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit, the first switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the first DC-DC module and the heating unit through the first switch.

8. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second switch is provided between the battery module and the heating unit, the second switch is connected to the controller, and the controller is further used to control the on-off of the current between the battery module and the heating unit through the second switch.

9. The railway freight car heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third switch is connected between the battery module and the second DC-DC module, and the third switch is connected to the controller. The controller is also used to control the on and off of the current between the battery module and the second DC-DC module through the third switch.

10. A railway freight car heating method, based on the railway freight car heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The controller determines the empty and loaded vehicle status based on the empty and loaded vehicle sensing unit; If the vehicle is in an empty state, the controller controls the first switch and the second switch to be disconnected, the heating unit stops working, the battery module sends a charging demand instruction to the controller according to its own power, and the controller controls the first DC-DC module to charge the battery module according to the charging demand instruction; If it is a heavy vehicle state, the controller determines the relationship between the truck speed and the set speed; If the speed of the truck is less than the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to be disconnected, the controller controls the second switch to be closed, and the heating unit is powered by the battery module; If the speed of the truck is greater than or equal to the set speed, the controller controls the first switch to close, and the controller controls the second switch to open, and the heating unit is powered by the power generation unit.

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