Highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of textile fabric preparation. The method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a polyurethane resin in a twin-screw extruder by a chain extender, a compounding agent, a polyol, and a diisocyanate, crushing and dissolving the polyurethane resin to obtain a polyurethane solution; adding the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, and aluminum chloride to a reactor and heating the reaction for 4-8 hours; adding benzene to the reactor, cooling the reaction to 0-5°C for 15-20 hours; adding a finishing agent, stirring, separating, and collecting an organic phase A to obtain a mixed solution; electrospinning the mixed solution and stretching and curing it to obtain a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric; the benzene rings are chemically bonded to the urea functional groups of the hard segments of the fiber, thereby reducing the sliding and relative displacement of the hard segments of the fiber, improving the node firmness of the hard segments, and thereby increasing the elasticity of the fiber. The introduction of the benzene rings increases the fiber thickness and improves its wrinkle resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile fabric preparation, and particularly relates to a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Spandex is an elastic fiber primarily composed of polyurethane, with a network structure formed by a block copolymer of soft and hard segments, which gives it excellent elasticity and good moisture absorption. The resulting fabric provides a cool and comfortable feel to the wearer. Although spandex fabric has good elasticity, the gases or solvents introduced during the spandex production process cause pores within the fibers. These pores form voids within the fiber structure, affecting the fiber's density and continuity. When external forces are applied, the pores cause stress concentration, making the fiber structure uneven, resulting in discontinuous load transfer and making the fiber more susceptible to breakage or deformation, thereby weakening the fiber's elastic properties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof. The present invention discloses a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of textile fabric preparation. The method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a polyurethane resin in a twin-screw extruder by combining a chain extender, a compounding agent, a polyol, and a diisocyanate, crushing and dissolving the resin to obtain a polyurethane solution; adding the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, and aluminum chloride to a reactor and heating the reaction for 4-8 hours; adding benzene to the reactor, cooling the reaction to 0-5°C for 15-20 hours; adding a finishing agent, stirring, separating, and collecting an organic phase A to obtain a mixed solution; electrospinning the mixed solution and stretching and curing the mixture to obtain a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric; the benzene rings are chemically bonded to the urea functional groups of the hard segments of the fiber, thereby reducing slippage and relative displacement of the hard segments, improving the node strength of the hard segments, and thereby increasing the elasticity of the fiber. The introduction of the benzene rings increases the fiber thickness and improves its wrinkle resistance.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-elasticity wrinkle-resistant fabric to enhance the elastic properties of the fiber.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Synthesizing a polyurethane resin in a twin-screw extruder by one step by combining a chain extender, a compounding agent, a polyol, and a diisocyanate, crushing and dissolving the polyurethane resin to obtain a polyurethane solution;

[0008] (2) adding the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, and aluminum chloride into a reactor and heating the reaction for 4-8 hours, adding benzene into the reactor, cooling to 0-5°C and reacting for 15-20 hours, adding a finishing agent, stirring, separating, and taking the organic phase A to obtain a mixed solution;

[0009] (3) The mixed solution is subjected to electrostatic spinning and stretched to solidify, thereby obtaining the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (1), the mass ratio of the chain extender, the complexing agent, the polyol, and the diisocyanate is 1:0.05-0.1:3-4:5-6.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step (2), the mass ratio of the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, aluminum chloride, benzene, and finishing agent is 1:1-2:2-3:1.2-1.8:1-1.2:0.2-0.5.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the chain extender comprises the following steps:

[0013] Mix carbon tetrachloride, phosphorus oxychloride and hydrochloric acid, heat to 25°C in a water bath, add butane tetraol while stirring, keep the temperature at 25°C for 1-1.5 hours, raise the temperature to 50°C and continue the reaction for 5-6 hours, cool to 30°C and stir for 3-5 hours, extract to obtain organic phase B, add the organic phase B to sodium hydroxide solution, separate, and take organic phase C to obtain the chain extender.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mass ratio of carbon tetrachloride, phosphorus oxychloride, hydrochloric acid, butanetetraol, and sodium hydroxide solution is 10-15:1:0.5-1:3-4:6-8.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the finishing agent includes the following steps:

[0016] Chitosan, benzophenone imine and linoleic acid are mixed, heated and stirred, cooled, and filtered to obtain the finishing agent.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mass ratio of chitosan, benzophenone imine and linoleic acid is 1:0.13-0.2:0.53-0.6;

[0018] The heating and stirring refers to heating and stirring in an 80°C water bath for 4-6 hours; the cooling refers to cooling to 25°C.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the compounding agent is at least one of phenol, p-phenylenediamine, and benzophenone.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the aspect ratio of the screw of the twin-screw extruder is 30-45:1, the extrusion temperature is 165-240°C, the screw speed is 150-200r / min, and the head pressure is 100-150kg / cm 2 .

[0021] A highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric produced by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] (1) The present invention discloses a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric and a preparation method thereof. After the polyurethane is polymerized, a benzene ring is introduced to form a stable chemical bond connection with the urea functional group of the hard segment through nucleophilic substitution, thereby improving the compactness of the hard segment and increasing the firmness of the node of the hard segment, effectively hindering the sliding and relative displacement of the fiber hard segment, thereby improving the elasticity of the fabric, and introducing the benzene ring to increase the fiber thickness and improve its wrinkle resistance.

[0024] (2) Furthermore, during the fabric preparation process, a stable π-π stacking is formed between the chitosan in the finishing agent and the benzene ring, thereby adsorbing each other and filling the finishing agent into the pores generated by the fibers; at the same time, chitosan is mixed with benzophenone imine and linoleic acid, and benzophenone imine improves the dispersibility of chitosan in linoleic acid. Linoleic acid serves as a carrier for the flow of chitosan, allowing chitosan to more evenly fill the gaps in the polyurethane fibers. Chitosan contains a large number of hydroxyl and amino groups, which adsorb each other with the urea group, thereby improving the pore filling rate. After the gaps between the fibers are filled, when the fibers are subjected to external stress in the gaps, the finishing agent will bear part of the stress, thereby reducing the relative displacement of the fiber hard segments, increasing the density of the fiber hard segments, and reducing the wrinkle problem of the fibers.

[0025] (3) Furthermore, the introduction of hydroxyl-rich chain extenders during the polyurethane synthesis process can improve the mechanical properties of polyurethane and the viscosity of the polyurethane system, which is beneficial to regulating the processing properties of the fabric.

[0026] (4) Furthermore, in order to prevent the polyurethane structure from being corroded by alkali solution during the introduction of benzene rings, a phosphoric acid group is introduced into the chain extender to improve the alkali resistance of the polyurethane, which can effectively reduce the corrosive effect of alkali solution on the polyurethane structure, thereby improving the performance of the polyurethane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] 10 parts by mass of carbon tetrachloride, 1 part by mass of phosphorus oxychloride, and 0.5 parts by mass of hydrochloric acid were mixed, heated to 25°C in a water bath, 3 parts by mass of butane tetraol were added while stirring, and the mixture was kept at 25°C for 1 hour, then heated to 50°C and continued to react for 5 hours, cooled to 30°C and stirred for 3 hours, and extracted to obtain an organic phase B. The organic phase B was added to 6 parts by mass of a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, separated, and an organic phase C was taken to obtain the chain extender; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid was 2 mol / L;

[0030] 1 part by mass of chitosan, 0.13 part by mass of benzophenone imine, and 0.53 part by mass of linoleic acid were mixed, heated and stirred in a water bath at 80° C. for 4 hours, then cooled to 25° C., and filtered to obtain the finishing agent;

[0031] 1 part by mass of chain extender, 0.05 part by mass of phenol, 3 parts by mass of glycerol and 5 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 30:1 at an extrusion temperature of 165°C, a screw speed of 150 r / min and a die pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution, 1 part by mass of a 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 2 parts by mass of bromine gas, and 1.2 parts by mass of aluminum chloride are added to a reactor and heated at 45°C for reaction for 4 hours, 1 part by mass of benzene is added to the reactor, the temperature is lowered to 0°C for reaction for 15 hours, 0.2 parts by mass of a finishing agent is added, the mixture is stirred, separated, and an organic phase A is taken to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, stretched and cured to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] 12 parts by mass of carbon tetrachloride, 1 part by mass of phosphorus oxychloride, and 0.7 parts by mass of hydrochloric acid were mixed, heated to 25° C. in a water bath, 3.5 parts by mass of butanetetrahydrofuran (3.5 parts by mass) were added while stirring, and the mixture was kept at 25° C. for 1.25 hours, then heated to 50° C. for 5.5 hours, cooled to 30° C. and stirred for 4 hours, and extracted to obtain an organic phase B. The organic phase B was added to 7 parts by mass of a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, separated, and an organic phase C was taken to obtain the chain extender; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid was 2 mol / L;

[0034] 1 part by mass of chitosan, 0.17 part by mass of benzophenone imine, and 0.57 part by mass of linoleic acid were mixed, heated and stirred in a water bath at 80° C. for 5 h, then cooled to 25° C., and filtered to obtain the finishing agent;

[0035] 1 part by mass of chain extender, 0.07 part by mass of p-phenylenediamine, 3.5 parts by mass of xylitol and 5.5 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 40:1 at an extrusion temperature of 200°C, a screw speed of 180 r / min and a die pressure of 120 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution, 1.5 parts by mass of a 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 2.5 parts by mass of bromine gas, and 1.6 parts by mass of aluminum chloride are added to a reactor and heated at 42°C for reaction for 5 hours; 1.1 parts by mass of benzene is added to the reactor, the temperature is lowered to 2.5°C and the reaction is carried out for 17 hours; 0.3 parts by mass of a finishing agent is added, stirred, separated, and an organic phase A is taken to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, stretched and cured to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] 15 parts by mass of carbon tetrachloride, 1 part by mass of phosphorus oxychloride, and 1 part by mass of hydrochloric acid were mixed, heated to 25°C in a water bath, 4 parts by mass of butanetetraol were added while stirring, and the mixture was kept at 25°C for 1.5 hours, then heated to 50°C and continued to react for 6 hours, cooled to 30°C and stirred for 5 hours, and extracted to obtain an organic phase B. The organic phase B was added to 8 parts by mass of a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, separated, and an organic phase C was taken to obtain the chain extender; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid was 2 mol / L;

[0038] 1 part by mass of chitosan, 0.2 part by mass of benzophenone imine, and 0.6 part by mass of linoleic acid were mixed, heated and stirred in a water bath at 80° C. for 6 hours, then cooled to 25° C., and filtered to obtain the finishing agent;

[0039] 1 part by mass of chain extender, 0.1 part by mass of benzophenone, 4 parts by mass of sorbitol and 6 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 45:1 at an extrusion temperature of 240°C, a screw speed of 200 r / min and a die pressure of 150 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution, 2 parts by mass of a 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 3 parts by mass of bromine gas, and 1.8 parts by mass of aluminum chloride are added to a reactor and heated at 40°C for reaction for 8 hours, 1.2 parts by mass of benzene is added to the reactor, the temperature is lowered to 5°C and the reaction is carried out for 20 hours, 0.5 parts by mass of a finishing agent is added, the mixture is stirred, separated, and an organic phase A is taken to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, stretched and cured to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] 1 part by mass of chitosan, 0.17 part by mass of benzophenone imine, and 0.57 part by mass of linoleic acid were mixed, heated and stirred in a water bath at 80° C. for 5 h, then cooled to 25° C., and filtered to obtain the finishing agent;

[0042] 1 part by mass of 1,4-butanediol, 0.07 part by mass of p-phenylenediamine, 3.5 parts by mass of xylitol and 5.5 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 40:1 at an extrusion temperature of 200°C, a screw speed of 180 r / min and a die pressure of 120 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution, 1.5 parts by mass of a 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 2.5 parts by mass of bromine gas, and 1.6 parts by mass of aluminum chloride are added to a reactor and heated at 42°C for reaction for 5 hours; 1.1 parts by mass of benzene is added to the reactor, the temperature is lowered to 2.5°C and the reaction is carried out for 17 hours; 0.3 parts by mass of a finishing agent is added, stirred, separated, and an organic phase A is taken to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, stretched and cured to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] 12 parts by mass of carbon tetrachloride, 1 part by mass of phosphorus oxychloride, and 0.7 parts by mass of hydrochloric acid were mixed, heated to 25° C. in a water bath, 3.5 parts by mass of butanetetrahydrofuran (3.5 parts by mass) were added while stirring, and the mixture was kept at 25° C. for 1.25 hours, then heated to 50° C. for 5.5 hours, cooled to 30° C. and stirred for 4 hours, and extracted to obtain an organic phase B. The organic phase B was added to 7 parts by mass of a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, separated, and an organic phase C was taken to obtain the chain extender; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid was 2 mol / L;

[0045] 1 part by mass of chain extender, 0.07 part by mass of p-phenylenediamine, 3.5 parts by mass of xylitol and 5.5 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 40:1 at an extrusion temperature of 200°C, a screw speed of 180 r / min and a die pressure of 120 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution, 1.5 parts by mass of a 40% sodium hydroxide solution, 2.5 parts by mass of bromine gas, and 1.6 parts by mass of aluminum chloride are added to a reactor and heated at 42°C for reaction for 5 hours; 1.1 parts by mass of benzene is added to the reactor, the temperature is lowered to 2.5°C, and the reaction is carried out for 17 hours. The organic phase A is separated and the mixed solution is obtained; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, and stretched and solidified to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] 12 parts by mass of carbon tetrachloride, 1 part by mass of phosphorus oxychloride, and 0.7 parts by mass of hydrochloric acid were mixed, heated to 25° C. in a water bath, 3.5 parts by mass of butanetetrahydrofuran (3.5 parts by mass) were added while stirring, and the mixture was kept at 25° C. for 1.25 hours, then heated to 50° C. for 5.5 hours, cooled to 30° C. and stirred for 4 hours, and extracted to obtain an organic phase B. The organic phase B was added to 7 parts by mass of a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, separated, and an organic phase C was taken to obtain the chain extender; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid was 2 mol / L;

[0048] 1 part by mass of chitosan, 0.17 part by mass of benzophenone imine, and 0.57 part by mass of linoleic acid were mixed, heated and stirred in a water bath at 80° C. for 5 h, then cooled to 25° C., and filtered to obtain the finishing agent;

[0049] 1 part by mass of chain extender, 0.07 part by mass of p-phenylenediamine, 3.5 parts by mass of xylitol and 5.5 parts by mass of diisocyanate were extruded in a twin-screw extruder with an aspect ratio of 40:1 at an extrusion temperature of 200°C, a screw speed of 180 r / min and a die pressure of 120 kg / cm 2 The polyurethane resin is synthesized under the conditions of the present invention, crushed, and dissolved with 10 parts by mass of acetone to obtain a polyurethane solution; 1 part by mass of the polyurethane solution is added to a reactor, 0.3 parts by mass of a finishing agent is added, stirred, separated, and an organic phase A is taken to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is electrostatically spun at a voltage of 50 kV, stretched and cured to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric.

[0050] Performance Testing

[0051] Anti-wrinkle performance test is carried out according to GB / T 3819-1997;

[0052] The elasticity test was performed according to ASTM D 3107-75.

[0053] The high-elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested for wrinkle resistance and elasticity according to the above standards. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] As can be seen from Table 1, Comparative Examples 1-3 were prepared on the basis of Example 2, wherein the anti-wrinkle performance of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 was reduced, and the anti-wrinkle performance of Comparative Example 2 was significantly reduced; the elasticity of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 was worse than that of Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 was worse than Comparative Example 1.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Synthesizing polyurethane resin in one step by chain extender, compounding agent, polyol and diisocyanate in a twin-screw extruder, crushing and dissolving to obtain polyurethane solution; (2) Add the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, and aluminum chloride into a reactor and heat to react for 4-8 hours. Add benzene to the reactor, cool to 0-5°C, and react for 15-20 hours. Add a finishing agent, stir, separate, and take the organic phase A to obtain a mixed solution. (3) subjecting the mixed solution to electrostatic spinning, stretching and curing to obtain the highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric; The preparation of the chain extender comprises the following steps: Mix carbon tetrachloride, phosphorus oxychloride, and hydrochloric acid, heat to 25°C in a water bath, add butanethrol while stirring, keep the temperature at 25°C for 1-1.5 hours, raise the temperature to 50°C, continue the reaction for 5-6 hours, cool to 30°C, stir for 3-5 hours, and extract to obtain an organic phase B. Add the organic phase B to a sodium hydroxide solution, separate, and take an organic phase C to obtain the chain extender; the mass ratio of carbon tetrachloride, phosphorus oxychloride, hydrochloric acid, butanethrol, and sodium hydroxide solution is 10-15:1:0.5-1:3-4:6-8; The preparation of the finishing agent comprises the following steps: Chitosan, benzophenone imine and linoleic acid are mixed, heated and stirred, cooled and filtered to obtain the finishing agent; the mass ratio of chitosan, benzophenone imine and linoleic acid is 1:0.13-0.2:0.53-0.6; the heating and stirring refers to heating and stirring in an 80°C water bath for 4-6 hours; the cooling refers to cooling to 25°C.

2. The method for preparing a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of the chain extender, the complexing agent, the polyol, and the diisocyanate is 1:0.05-0.1:3-4:5-6.

3. The method for preparing a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of the polyurethane solution, sodium hydroxide solution, bromine gas, aluminum chloride, benzene, and finishing agent is 1:1-2:2-3:1.2-1.8:1-1.2:0.2-0.

5.

4. The method for preparing a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compounding agent is at least one of phenol, p-phenylenediamine and benzophenone.

5. The method for preparing a highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length-diameter ratio of the screw of the twin-screw extruder is 30-45:1, the extrusion temperature is 165-240°C, the screw speed is 150-200r / min, and the head pressure is 100-150kg / cm 2 .

6. A highly elastic and wrinkle-resistant fabric produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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