A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device and system based on a Pitot tube array

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field related to wind tunnel tests, and discloses a wind turbine wake measurement device and system based on a Pitot tube array for wind tunnel tests. The measurement device includes a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module: The wind measurement module includes wind measurement units connected in series along the horizontal direction. Each wind measurement unit includes two scissor arms and a Pitot tube. The centers of the two scissor arms are fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them; The Pitot tube is fixedly connected to the center of the scissor arm, and its installation direction is the same as the direction of the airflow to be measured. The Pitot tube is used to measure the airflow velocity of the wake in real time; The wind measurement module is connected to the adjustable mounting bracket module. By adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting bracket module, the height and width of the wind measurement module are adjusted, and further the height and the spacing between the wind measurement units in the wind measurement module are adjusted. Through the present invention, the problem that it is difficult to be applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios simultaneously in wake measurement is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to wind tunnel tests, and more specifically, relates to a wind turbine wake measurement device and system for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of the scale of wind farms and the increase in the single-unit power, the wind power generation field is gradually facing the challenge of the wake effect of wind turbines. The wake effect not only reduces the inflow wind speed of downstream wind turbines, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency, but also generates an uneven airflow field, causing downstream wind turbines to bear unstable aerodynamic loads, affecting their structural safety and service life. Therefore, the research on wind turbine wakes has important theoretical and practical significance for the optimal layout design of wind farms, improving the overall power generation efficiency, and reducing equipment failure rates.

[0003] In wind tunnel experiments, measuring the velocity field distribution and turbulence intensity of wind turbine wakes is one of the important means to analyze wake characteristics. As a classic fluid velocity measurement instrument, the Pitot tube is widely used in wind tunnel experiments due to its simple structure and high measurement accuracy. However, traditional single Pitot tubes or velocity measurement instruments are less efficient in wake measurement. Usually, it is necessary to move the measurement device point by point, and it is difficult to obtain complete wake velocity field data in a short time. In addition, in the face of large-scale wind turbine wakes, traditional measurement methods may miss some flow field characteristics and cannot accurately capture the detailed information of the wake.

[0004] Although instruments such as hot-wire anemometers and particle image velocimeters have the ability of multi-point measurement, due to their high prices, it is difficult for many laboratories to be equipped with such devices. At the same time, some existing self-developed wind measurement devices have poor reusability and are difficult to be simultaneously applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios, increasing the experimental cost and complexity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wake measurement device that can perform multi-point synchronous measurement, is applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios, has high reusability and low cost, so as to improve the measurement efficiency and data accuracy and promote the progress of wind turbine wake research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a wind turbine wake measurement device and system for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array, which solves the problem that it is difficult to be simultaneously applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios in wake measurement.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array. The measurement device includes a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module:

[0007] The anemometry module includes anemometry units connected in series in the horizontal direction. Each anemometry unit includes two scissor arms and a pitot tube. The centers of the two scissor arms are fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them. The pitot tube is fixedly connected to the center of the scissor arms, and its installation direction is the same as the direction of the airflow to be measured. The pitot tube is used to measure the airflow velocity of the wake in real time.

[0008] The width and height of the adjustable mounting bracket module are adjustable. The anemometry module is connected to the adjustable mounting bracket module. By adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting bracket module, the height and width of the anemometry module are adjusted, and further the height and the distance between the anemometry units in the anemometry module are adjusted.

[0009] Further preferably, the anemometry module includes multiple layers of anemometry units connected in series in the horizontal direction, and the layers are connected by connection units arranged in the vertical direction.

[0010] Further preferably, the multiple layers of anemometry units connected in series in the horizontal direction make the pitot tubes form an N*M array structure, where N and M are positive integers.

[0011] Further preferably, the connection unit includes two scissor arms with their centers fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them.

[0012] Further preferably, locking washers are provided at the connection points between the connection unit and the anemometry units connected in series in the horizontal direction at the top and bottom layers.

[0013] Further preferably, the adjustable mounting bracket module includes two scissor linkages, a liftable support column, and a base. The centers of the two scissor linkages are both connected to the upper end of the liftable support column, and the two scissor linkages can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them. The height of the liftable support column is adjustable, and the base is provided at the bottom end of the liftable support column.

[0014] Further preferably, the four vertices on the side of the anemometry module are connected to the scissor linkages.

[0015] Further preferably, chutes are provided on the scissor linkages to cooperate with the four vertices on the side of the anemometry module, and the four vertices on the side of the anemometry module can slide along the chutes.

[0016] Further preferably, the chutes are formed by grooving on the scissor linkages, and the four vertices on the side of the anemometry module slide in the chutes through stop bolts.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement system based on a Pitot tube array. The measurement system includes the measurement device and the pressure measurement device described above. The Pitot tube is connected to the pressure measurement device and is used to measure the flow velocity in the direction of the Pitot tube in real time.

[0018] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0019] 1. Through the retractable design of the scissors arm mechanism and the adjustable mounting bracket module, the number and spacing of the Pitot tube array can be flexibly adjusted to meet the measurement requirements of wind turbine models with different scale ratios, improving the reusability of the device. Through the overall retractable adjustment of the liftable support column and the scissor link, the device can adapt to wind turbine models of different heights, ensuring that the measurement points are aligned with the center of the wind wheel and improving the data accuracy.

[0020] 2. By adding scissors arm mechanisms in the horizontal and vertical directions, an N×M array layout mode can be achieved, enabling large-scale and high-resolution synchronous measurement of the wake of a wind turbine (or building). Moreover, the device has a small windward area, a low blockage ratio, and little interference to the flow field, ensuring accurate capture of the velocity field and turbulence intensity in the wake area.

[0021] 3. The device adopts a modular design with a simple structure, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost. The wind measurement module and the bracket module are designed to be independently detachable and replaceable, greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost. At the same time, it improves the convenience of the device during transportation, enabling rapid installation and debugging at the test site. This device is also applicable to various types of wind tunnel tests, with high versatility and broad application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a front view and a rear view of the wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is the front view and (b) is the rear view;

[0024] Figure 3 is a side view of the wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a partial enlarged view of the corresponding part;

[0025] Figure 4 is a top view of the wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a partial enlarged view of the corresponding part.

[0026] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, where:

[0027] 1 - Scissor arm, 2 - Joint pin, 3 - Pitot tube, 4 - Fixed bracket, 5 - Double - acting hinge joint, 6 - Standard half - threaded bolt, 7 - Scissor - type connecting rod, 8 - Special half - threaded bolt, 9 - Liftable support column, 10 - Base, 11 - Locking washer, 12 - Tri - acting hinge joint, 13 - Extended half - threaded bolt, 14 - Manometer tube. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present invention provides a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array. The device includes a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module, aiming to achieve high - precision measurement of the wind turbine wake through the Pitot tube array.

[0030] The wind measurement module is mainly composed of multiple wind measurement units. Each unit includes two scissor arms 1, a joint pin 2 and a Pitot tube 3. The scissor arms 1 are hinged at the central position through the joint pin 2 to form a telescopic cross - shaped structure. The Pitot tube 3 is installed at the joint pin of the scissor arm through the fixed bracket 4, and the installation direction is the same as the air flow direction. The static pressure hole and total pressure hole of the Pitot tube are respectively connected to an external pressure scanning valve through the connected manometer tube 14 for real - time measurement of the air flow velocity in the wake.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the multi - layer scissor arm 1 and joint pin 2 mode form a stable array structure, and the Pitot tubes 3 are arranged neatly in the horizontal direction, enabling multi - point synchronous measurement of the wind turbine wake. By adjusting the telescopic length of the scissor arm, the measuring point spacing of the wind measurement module can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to wind turbine models with different scale ratios.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, due to the influence of the self - thickness of the scissor arm, locking washers 11 are installed at the hinge joints of the top and bottom scissor arms in the vertical direction. The standard half - threaded bolt 6 passes through the washer and is fixed on the double - acting hinge joint 5. Tighten the standard half - threaded bolt to prevent displacement during the experiment.

[0033] As Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the support module consists of two scissor linkages 7, a liftable support column 9, and a base 10. The center of the scissor linkage 7 has an opening and is fixed to the support column by special semi-threaded bolts 8. The bottom of the support column 9 is rigidly connected to the base 10 to ensure the stability of the entire device during the experiment. Through the liftable support column 9, the device can be adjusted in height in the vertical direction to ensure that the central measurement point of the pitot tube array is aligned with the impeller center of the wind turbine model, thereby realizing the all-round measurement of the wake flow in the rotor plane.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the scissor linkage 7 are designed with hollowed-out areas. Four extended semi-threaded bolts 13 pass through the hollowed-out parts of the linkage and are connected to the three-way hinge joints 12 at the four corner points of the pitot tube wind measurement module. The wind measurement module is firmly fixed to the scissor linkage through the friction force of the bolts. By adjusting the positions of the four extended semi-threaded bolts in the hollowed-out area, the wind measurement device can be adjusted proportionally in both the horizontal and vertical directions to adapt to the requirements of wind tunnel experiments of different sizes.

[0035] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, the wind measurement units in the horizontal direction are sequentially hinged through the scissor arms 1 to form a horizontal array; in the vertical direction, the scissor arm units are also hinged through the joint pins to form a vertical array, but no pitot tubes are installed. Multiple horizontal arrays are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction, finally forming an N×M pitot tube array for the all-round measurement of the wind turbine wake.

[0036] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, in one embodiment of the present invention, three-way hinge joints 12 are provided at the four corner points of the wind measurement array module and are fixed to the scissor linkage 7 by extended semi-threaded bolts 13. The three-way hinge joints 12 provide a flexible angle adjustment function to ensure the precise positioning of the pitot tube array and adapt to different experimental requirements.

[0037] In addition, the stop bolts and the hollowed-out design of the scissor linkage provide sufficient redundancy, facilitating the adjustment of the overall size of the device and the spacing of the pitot tubes according to experimental requirements, ensuring the flexibility and accuracy of the measurement.

[0038] In actual use, the pitot tube array obtains the air flow velocity and pressure data in the wind turbine wake through a pressure scanning valve and calculates the wind speed based on the Bernoulli equation. By adjusting the telescopic length and height of the scissor linkage 7 and the support column 9, the position and spacing of the pitot tube array can be flexibly adjusted to ensure the measurement accuracy under different experimental conditions.

[0039] Through the design of the present invention, it is possible to achieve large-range and multi-point synchronous wake measurement in wind tunnel experiments. Especially for the wake of large-scale wind turbines with a large scale ratio, the measurement efficiency and data accuracy can be significantly improved.

[0040] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array, characterized in that, The wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device includes a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module, where: The wind measurement module includes wind measurement units connected in series in the horizontal direction. The wind measurement unit includes two scissors arms (1) and a pitot tube (3). The centers of the two scissors arms (1) are fixedly connected, and the two scissors arms (1) can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them; the pitot tube (3) is fixedly connected to the center of the scissors arm, and its installation direction is the same as the direction of the airflow to be measured. The pitot tube (3) is used to measure the airflow velocity of the wake in real time; The width and height of the adjustable mounting bracket module are adjustable. The wind measurement module is connected to the adjustable mounting bracket module. By adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting bracket module, the height and width of the wind measurement module are adjusted, and further the height and the distance between the wind measurement units in the wind measurement module are adjusted; The wind measurement module includes multiple layers of wind measurement units connected in series in the horizontal direction. The layers are connected by connection units arranged in the vertical direction; The multiple layers of wind measurement units connected in series in the horizontal direction enable the pitot tubes to form an N×M array structure, where N and M are positive integers; The connection unit includes two scissors arms (1) with their centers fixedly connected. The two scissors arms (1) can rotate around the center point to adjust the angle between them; The adjustable mounting bracket module includes two scissor linkages (7), a liftable support column (9), and a base (10). The centers of the two scissor linkages (7) are both connected to the upper end of the liftable support column (9). The two scissor linkages (7) can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them. The height of the liftable support column is adjustable, and the base (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the liftable support column (9).

2. The wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a pitot tube array according to claim 1, characterized in that, Locking washers are provided at the connection points between the connection unit and the wind measurement units connected in series in the horizontal direction of the top layer and the bottom layer.

3. The wind turbine wake measurement device based on a pitot tube array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four vertices on the side surface of the wind measurement module are connected to the scissor linkages (7).

4. The wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a pitot tube array according to claim 3, characterized in that, Chutes are provided on the scissor linkages and are matched with the four vertices on the side surface of the wind measurement module. The four vertices on the side surface of the wind measurement module can slide along the chutes.

5. The wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array according to claim 4, characterized in that The chutes are formed by grooving on the scissor linkages. The four vertices on the side surface of the wind measurement module slide in the chutes through stop bolts.

6. A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement system based on a Pitot tube array, characterized in that, The wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement system includes the wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device according to any one of claims 1-5 and a pressure measurement device. The pitot tube is connected to the pressure measurement device and is used to measure the flow velocity in the flow direction at the location where the pitot tube is located in real time.

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