A system and method for measuring thermal-fluid-structure coupling characteristics of a working medium in a high-pressure gas storage channel

Abstract

The application provides a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel, which is characterized in that: before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through an electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, a low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump cools the gas storage medium in a storage tank to a liquid state, a high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage medium in the storage tank to a preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas storage medium, an electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas storage medium output by the preheating unit to an experimental unit for heating; a mass flow meter, a pressure sensor and a pressure difference meter measure and detect the mass flow and pressure difference of the gas storage medium, a strain detection unit and a temperature detection unit detect the stress and wall temperature of the pipeline wall of the experimental unit, a cooling unit cools the gas storage medium output by the experimental unit, the gas storage medium output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through a back pressure valve, and the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are adjusted and controlled so that the gas storage medium is kept in a set flow pressure state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement, and particularly relates to a heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system and method for high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compressed gas energy storage has the advantages of large scale, low cost, clean and pollution-free, and is considered as one of the most potential large-scale energy storage technologies. In a large-capacity energy storage system, how to solve the problem of underground gas storage technology is the key to the safe, stable and economic operation of the energy storage system. Compared with salt cavern gas storage and ground tank gas storage, underground gas storage has the advantages of large capacity, strong economy and no regional restrictions, and is an ideal gas storage technology for compressed gas energy storage system.

[0003] In the underground gas storage, the most critical thing is to maintain the long-term, safe and stable storage of the gas storage working medium in the gas storage, which requires the gas storage to have good sealing property, mechanical stability and long service life. However, the periodic compression and expansion behavior of the gas storage working medium affects the structure and material strength of the gas storage channel: on the one hand, the pressure change of the gas storage working medium will directly apply alternating stress to the pipe wall; on the other hand, the increase of the internal energy of the working medium will cause uneven temperature distribution of the pipe wall, resulting in local thermal stress. Therefore, in addition to further developing low-cost gas storage sealing technology, how to measure the flow and heat exchange behavior of the gas storage working medium in the gas storage and even the entire gas storage system is the key to ensuring the controllability of the system, maintaining the stable operation of the system and ensuring the safety in production.

[0004] The flow and heat exchange behavior is generally reflected by the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics. The heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium are characterized by temperature, velocity and strain, and in the prior art, the temperature and strain measurements are usually carried out separately. In the temperature measurement, a high-pressure gas storage working medium convective heat exchange experimental system needs to be built, and thermocouples, thermal resistors, infrared thermal imaging and other methods are used to measure the temperature. In the strain measurement, there is no related work applied to the convective heat exchange process of high-pressure gas storage working medium.

[0005] The measurement of the heat-fluid-solid characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium is a complex and key research work, which first needs to build an integrated measurement system. This system needs to have the accurate adjustment capability of pressure, temperature, heating power and mass flow. The current high-pressure gas storage working medium system has made certain progress in the measurement of heat flow characteristics, but still faces challenges in effectively combining the measurement of heat, flow and solid characteristics. Therefore, there is currently a lack of a measurement method for effectively combining the existing heat flow measurement system and strain measurement technology to form a heat-solid-fluid characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage working medium, and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data of the measurement system. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0007] To this end, a first object of the present application is to provide a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel, so as to realize comprehensive measurement of heat, flow and solid characteristics of the high-pressure gas storage medium and ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0008] A second object of the present application is to provide a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement method for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel, comprising a low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, a storage tank, a high-pressure circulating pump, a preheating unit, an electromagnetic three-way valve, a mass flow meter, an experimental unit, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure gauge, a strain detection unit, a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, a back pressure valve and a data collection system.

[0010] Before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned with inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through the electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump cools the gas storage medium in the storage tank to a liquid state, the high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage medium in the storage tank to the preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas storage medium, and the electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas storage medium output by the preheating unit to the experimental unit; the experimental unit heats the gas storage medium; the mass flow meter is used to detect the mass flow of the gas storage medium entering the experimental unit, the pressure sensor and the differential pressure gauge are used to measure the pressure difference of the gas storage medium, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are used to detect the stress and temperature of the pipe wall of the experimental unit and send them to the data collection system, the cooling unit cools the gas storage medium output by the experimental unit, and the gas storage medium output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through the back pressure valve, wherein the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are controlled so that the gas storage medium maintains a set flow pressure state.

[0011] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, the preheating unit comprises a preheating section pipe, a first heating power supply and a resistance wire, the inlet of the preheating section pipe is connected to the high-pressure circulating pump, the outlet of the preheating section pipe is connected to the electromagnetic three-way valve, the resistance wire is wound around the outer periphery of the preheating section pipe, and the resistance wire is connected to the first heating power supply, so as to realize temperature adjustment of the gas storage medium by controlling the current of the first heating power supply.

[0012] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, the strain detection unit comprises a resistance transmitter and a plurality of strain gauges arranged on the experimental section pipeline of the experimental unit.

[0013] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, the temperature detection unit comprises a temperature transmitter and a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the experimental section pipeline, the number of strain gauges is consistent with the number of thermocouples, and the installation positions of each thermocouple and the corresponding strain gauge are opposite.

[0014] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, the temperature detection unit further comprises a plurality of armored thermocouples arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the experimental section pipeline.

[0015] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, the experimental unit comprises a second heating power supply, a heating guide wire, and two fixing devices fixed at the inlet and outlet of the experimental section pipeline respectively, each fixing device connects the experimental section pipeline and the heating guide wire, the heating guide wire is connected with the second heating power supply, and the heat flux density is controlled by adjusting the current size of the second heating power supply.

[0016] In the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel provided in the first aspect of the present application, further comprising a pressure stabilizing tank and a check valve, the high-pressure circulating pump is connected with the inlet of the preheating section pipeline through the pressure stabilizing tank and the check valve.

[0017] To achieve the above purpose, the second aspect of the present application provides a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement method based on the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system for high-pressure gas storage medium in a channel of the first aspect, comprising:

[0018] Filling inert gas to clean the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system;

[0019] After cleaning, entering the measurement experiment, filling the gas storage medium into the storage tank and opening the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump to cool the gas storage medium in the storage tank;

[0020] Setting a target flow rate, opening the high-pressure circulating pump, and using the high-pressure circulating pump to keep the flow rate in the pipeline of the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system at the target flow rate;

[0021] Setting a target inlet pressure, controlling the opening degree of the back pressure valve to keep the pressure sensor at the target inlet pressure;

[0022] Set a target inlet temperature, adjust the current size of the first heating power supply, so that the temperature measurement result of the armored thermocouple at the inlet side of the experimental section pipeline remains at the target inlet temperature;

[0023] Set a target heat flux density, and adjust the current size of the second heating power supply based on the target heat flux density;

[0024] Record the detection data corresponding to the mass flow meter, pressure sensor, differential pressure gauge, strain detection unit and temperature detection unit, and complete the measurement of the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the gas storage medium under the working condition.

[0025] In the method for measuring the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the high-pressure gas storage medium in the channel provided in the second aspect of the present application, after the inert gas is used to clean the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system, the method further comprises: filling the gas storage medium to perform secondary cleaning on the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system.

[0026] In the method for measuring the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the high-pressure gas storage medium in the channel provided in the second aspect of the present application, the adjusting of the current size of the second heating power supply based on the target heat flux density comprises: obtaining a current value of the second heating power supply, calculating the heating power based on the current value by using Ohm's law, calculating a current heat flux density based on the heating power and the cross-sectional area of the experimental section pipeline, and adjusting the current size of the second heating power supply until the current heat flux density is equal to the target heat flux density.

[0027] The application provides a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system and method of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel, and the measurement system comprises a low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, a storage tank, a high-pressure circulating pump, a preheating unit, an electromagnetic three-way valve, a mass flow meter, an experimental unit, a pressure sensor, a pressure difference meter, a strain detection unit, a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, a back pressure valve and a data collection system; before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through the electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump cools the gas storage working medium in the storage tank to a liquid state, the high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage working medium in the storage tank to the preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas storage working medium, and the electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas storage working medium output by the preheating unit to the experimental unit; the experimental unit heats the gas storage working medium; the mass flow meter is used for detecting the mass flow of the gas storage working medium entering the experimental unit, the pressure sensor and the pressure difference meter are used for measuring the pressure difference of the gas storage working medium, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are used for detecting the stress and the temperature of the pipeline wall surface of the experimental unit and sending the stress and the temperature to the data collection system, the cooling unit cools the gas storage working medium output by the experimental unit, and the gas storage working medium output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through the back pressure valve, wherein the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are adjusted so that the gas storage working medium is kept in a set flow pressure state. In this case, the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, the storage tank, the high-pressure circulating pump, the preheating unit, the electromagnetic three-way valve, the mass flow meter, the experimental unit, the pressure sensor, the pressure difference meter, the strain detection unit, the temperature detection unit, the cooling unit and the back pressure valve form a circulation loop, the stress and the temperature of the pipeline wall surface are detected by the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit respectively, the flow and the pressure difference of the high-pressure gas storage working medium are detected by the mass flow meter, the pressure sensor and the pressure difference meter, and the comprehensive measurement of the heat, the flow and the solid characteristics of the high-pressure gas storage working medium is realized. In addition, before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, so that the influence of impurities on the measurement result is reduced, the temperature of the gas storage working medium is adjusted by controlling the preheating unit, the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are adjusted so that the gas storage working medium is kept in a set flow pressure state, and thus the measurement result under different working conditions is obtained, and the accuracy of the measurement data is ensured.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and be more readily understood through consideration of the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A block diagram of a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 2 A connection diagram of the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system of the high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the suction stroke and the discharge stroke of the plunger pump provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the preheating unit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the experimental unit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of the temperature detection unit and the strain detection unit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 7 A flow chart of the heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement method of the high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same numbers refer to the same or similar elements throughout the drawings. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0038] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or an ordered or numerical limitation of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application means and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0040] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0041] The present application proposes a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system and method of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel to realize comprehensive measurement of heat, flow and solid characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium, and ensure the accuracy of measurement data.

[0042] Figure 1 A block diagram of a heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel is provided for the embodiments of the present application. The heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel in the present application can be simply referred to as a measurement system. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 The heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel includes a low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, a storage tank, a high-pressure circulating pump, a preheating unit, an electromagnetic three-way valve, a mass flow meter, an experimental unit, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure gauge, a strain detection unit, a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, a back pressure valve, and a data collection system.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the preheating unit includes a preheating section pipeline, and the experimental unit includes an experimental section pipeline. The storage tank is connected with the inlet of the preheating section pipeline through the high-pressure circulating pump, the outlet of the preheating section pipeline is connected with the inlet of the experimental section pipeline through the electromagnetic three-way valve, and the outlet of the experimental section pipeline is connected with the storage tank through the cooling unit and the back pressure valve to obtain a closed circulation system. The mass flow meter and the pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline between the electromagnetic three-way valve and the inlet of the experimental section pipeline, the differential pressure gauge is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the experimental section pipeline, the strain detection unit is arranged on the experimental section pipeline, the temperature detection unit is arranged on the experimental section pipeline, and the differential pressure gauge, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are respectively connected with the data collection system.

[0044] In the embodiment, before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through the electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, the high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas working substance in the storage tank to the preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas working substance, and the electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas working substance output by the preheating unit to the experimental unit; the experimental unit heats the gas working substance; the mass flow meter is used to detect the mass flow of the gas working substance entering the experimental unit, the pressure sensor and the differential pressure gauge are used to measure the pressure difference of the gas working substance, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are used to detect the stress and the temperature of the pipeline wall of the experimental unit and send them to the data collection system, and the cooling unit cools the gas working substance output by the experimental unit, and the gas working substance output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through the back pressure valve, wherein the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are adjusted to keep the gas working substance in a set flow pressure state.

[0045] In the embodiment, the measurement system further comprises a pressure stabilizing tank and a check valve, and the high-pressure circulating pump is connected with the inlet of the preheating section pipeline through the pressure stabilizing tank and the check valve.

[0046] In some embodiments, taking nitrogen as an example, Figure 2 The connection schematic diagram of the channel high-pressure gas working substance heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0047] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 The first inlet of the storage tank is connected with the gas working substance high-pressure cylinder, and the first inlet of the storage tank is also connected with the nitrogen cylinder. The outlet of the storage tank is connected with the inlet of the preheating section pipeline (referred to as a preheating section) through the high-pressure circulating pump, the pressure stabilizing tank and the check valve. The outlet of the preheating section is connected with the left inlet of the electromagnetic three-way valve. The lower outlet of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the experimental section pipeline (referred to as an experimental section). The outlet of the experimental section is connected with the second inlet of the storage tank through the cooling section pipeline (referred to as a cooling section) of the cooling unit and the back pressure valve. The right outlet of the electromagnetic three-way valve is an exhaust hole. The right inlet of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the vacuum pump. The mass flow meter and the pressure sensor are arranged on the pipeline between the lower outlet of the electromagnetic three-way valve and the inlet of the experimental section. The pressure sensor is close to the inlet side of the experimental section. The differential pressure gauge is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the experimental section. The storage tank cools the gas working substance in the storage tank through the corresponding low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump. The cooling section cools the gas working substance output by the experimental section through the corresponding low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump.

[0048] In some embodiments, the high-pressure circulating pump can be a high-pressure plunger pump. Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the suction stroke and the discharge stroke of the plunger pump provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 3As shown, after the target flow rate is input on the control panel of the data collection system, the high-pressure plunger pump will control the moving speed of the plunger through the electrical signal to realize the adjustment of the flow rate. For the suction stroke, when the plunger moves backward, the pressure in the pump cavity decreases, the fluid pressure outside the pump cavity is larger, and the fluid is pushed into the pump cavity after the inlet valve, at this time the outlet valve remains closed due to the flange restriction; for the discharge stroke, when the plunger moves forward, the pressure in the pump cavity increases, the inlet valve is closed and the outlet valve is opened, and the liquid is discharged from the pump cavity.

[0049] In the embodiment, the preheating unit comprises a preheating section pipeline, a first heating power supply and a resistance wire, the inlet of the preheating section pipeline is connected with the high-pressure circulating pump, the outlet of the preheating section pipeline is connected with the electromagnetic three-way valve, the resistance wire is wound around the outer periphery of the preheating section pipeline, and the resistance wire is connected with the first heating power supply, so that the temperature adjustment of the gas storage medium is realized by controlling the current of the first heating power supply.

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the preheating unit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the preheating unit comprises a preheating section pipeline (referred to as a preheating section), a first heating power supply, a resistance wire, a shell and thermal insulation cotton. The inlet of the preheating section enters the low-temperature fluid, and the outlet outputs the high-temperature fluid. The shell adopts a metal shell, and the preheating section is arranged in the metal shell. The resistance wire is wound around the outer periphery of the preheating section from the inlet side of the preheating section to the outlet side of the preheating section. The resistance wire is connected with the first heating power supply. The metal shell is arranged with the thermal insulation cotton, and the thermal insulation cotton wraps the preheating section. The temperature of the high-temperature fluid output by the preheating section can be adjusted by controlling the current of the first heating power supply. The pipeline of the preheating section is S-shaped. Thus, the preheating can be fully realized.

[0051] In the embodiment, the experimental unit comprises a second heating power supply, a heating guide wire and two fixing devices, the two fixing devices are respectively fixed at the inlet and the outlet of the experimental section pipeline, each fixing device connects the experimental section pipeline and the heating guide wire, the heating guide wire is connected with the second heating power supply, and the control of the heat flux density is realized by adjusting the current of the second heating power supply.

[0052] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the experimental unit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown, the experimental unit comprises an experimental section pipeline (referred to as an experimental section), a second heating power supply, two fixing devices and a heating guide wire. The two fixing devices are respectively fixed at the inlet and the outlet of the experimental section. Each fixing device comprises a copper electrode, a reinforcing bolt and a nut. The copper electrode has an experimental section perforation, the inner diameter of the experimental section perforation is equal to the outer diameter of the experimental section, and the experimental section perforation is used for penetrating the experimental section. The reinforcing bolt and the nut are used for fixing the heating guide wire. The heating guide wire is connected with the second heating power supply. The control of the heat flux density is realized by adjusting the current of the second heating power supply.

[0053] In the embodiment, the strain detection unit includes a resistance transmitter and a plurality of strain gauges arranged on the experimental section pipeline of the experimental unit. The temperature detection unit includes a temperature transmitter and a plurality of thermocouples arranged on the experimental section pipeline, the number of strain gauges is consistent with the number of thermocouples, and the installation positions of each thermocouple and the corresponding strain gauge are opposite to each other.

[0054] In some embodiments, taking the number of strain gauges as an example, Figure 6 The arrangement diagram of the temperature detection unit and the strain detection unit provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the front view as Figure 6 shown, three thermocouples are arranged at equal intervals on the outer wall of the experimental section, and each thermocouple is connected with the temperature transmitter. As shown in the rear view and the side view, Figure 6 three strain gauges are arranged at equal intervals on the outer wall of the experimental section, and each strain gauge is connected with the resistance transmitter. The installation positions of each thermocouple and the corresponding strain gauge are symmetrical relative to the axis of the experimental section.

[0055] In the embodiment, the temperature detection unit further includes a plurality of armored thermocouples arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the experimental section pipeline. For example, the temperature detection unit further includes two armored thermocouples arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the experimental section respectively (see Figure 2 ).

[0056] Specifically, in combination with Figure 2 , the circulating process of the gas storage working medium in the channel high-pressure gas storage working medium heat-flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system is as follows:

[0057] 1) The gas storage working medium flows from the gas storage working medium high-pressure cylinder into the storage tank and is cooled to a liquid state by the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump in the storage tank;

[0058] 2) Then enters the high-pressure circulating pump. The high-pressure circulating pump has the functions of pressurization and circulation, realizes the functions of pressurization and pumping of the gas storage working medium. The high-pressure circulating pump pumps the fluid output from the storage tank to a high-pressure state, and the back pressure valve only allows fluid with a pressure higher than the rated pressure to be discharged, so the pipeline between the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve constitutes the high-pressure part of the measurement device. When the high-pressure circulating pump pumps a certain flow of fluid, adjusting the back pressure valve can keep the high-pressure circulation in the system at a specified pressure, thereby simulating the high-pressure state of the gas storage working medium in the gas storage system;

[0059] 3) The high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage working medium into the pressure stabilizing tank to eliminate the flow and pressure fluctuations caused by the working characteristics of the high-pressure circulating pump;

[0060] 4) The gas storage working medium flows through the check valve to prevent backflow of the fluid;

[0061] 5) The gas storage medium enters the preheating section, and the temperature of the fluid before entering the experimental section is adjusted by controlling the current size of the power supply (which is the first heating power supply);

[0062] 6) The electromagnetic three-way valve is used to adjust the direction of the gas storage medium, which can select to close the circulating pipeline or to exhaust, so as to empty the system pipeline gas;

[0063] 7) The gas storage medium flows through the mass flow meter to measure the mass flow rate;

[0064] 8) The gas storage medium flows through the pressure sensor and the differential pressure sensor (i.e. differential pressure gauge) to record the inlet pressure before entering the experimental section and the pressure drop lost after passing through the experimental section;

[0065] 9) The armored thermocouple arranged at the inlet of the experimental section measures the fluid inlet temperature of the experimental section;

[0066] 10) The gas storage medium is heated in the experimental section, the heat flux density is controlled by adjusting the current size of the power supply (which is the second heating power supply), and the temperature of the fluid and the strain of the solid pipeline are measured by the sensor (i.e. thermocouple and strain gauge) to obtain the heat flow-solid characteristics of the gas storage medium;

[0067] 11) After the gas storage medium flows out of the experimental section, the fluid outlet temperature of the experimental section is measured by the armored thermocouple at the outlet of the experimental section;

[0068] 12) The high-temperature gas storage medium enters the cooling section to cool down, and the temperature is reduced to room temperature;

[0069] 13) After flowing through the back pressure valve, it returns to the storage tank to complete the circulation process, and the whole process forms a closed circulation loop.

[0070] Considering that the measurement of the heat flow-solid characteristics of high-pressure gas storage medium is a complex and key research work, an integrated measurement system needs to be built. The measurement system needs to be equipped with various sensors, including temperature measuring sensors, pressure sensors, mass flow meters and strain sensors, and needs to have precise adjustment capabilities for pressure, temperature, heating power and mass flow rate, so as to monitor the heat, flow and solid characteristics of the fluid under different operating conditions. Therefore, the system of the present application has a variety of sensors, including mass flow meters, pressure sensors, differential pressure gauges, strain detection units, temperature detection units, armored thermocouples and other sensors, which realize the measurement of heat flow-solid characteristics. For the precise adjustment capability, the system of the present application is realized by adjusting multiple key variables. The multiple key variables include mass flow rate, inlet temperature, inlet pressure and heat flux density. The specific control method is as follows:

[0071] (1) Mass flow rate: controlled by the high-pressure circulating pump, and the mass flow meter is used to measure the mass flow rate. For the high-pressure circulating pump: a high-pressure plunger pump is used, and the fluid delivery is divided into suction stroke and discharge stroke, and the two strokes are cyclically reciprocated to realize the pumping of the fluid at a set flow rate. For the mass flow meter: the Coriolis effect is used to measure the flow rate. Specifically, a pair of parallel flow channels are present in the flow meter, and a magnetic coil is placed at the outlet and inlet as a sensor to measure the vibration signal; when the fluid enters the flow meter, it is divided into two streams, and when passing through the bend, the Coriolis force causes a phase difference in the vibration signal at the inlet and outlet, and the mass flow rate can be obtained by measuring the phase difference.

[0072] (2) Inlet pressure of the experimental section: at a set flow rate, the opening of the back pressure valve is controlled to adjust the inlet pressure of the experimental section, and the pressure is measured by the differential pressure gauge and pressure gauge, and the pressure is stabilized by the pressure stabilizing tank. For the back pressure valve: the combination of the piston and the spring senses the fluid pressure in the valve, and once the pressure exceeds the pressure value at a certain opening, the fluid in the valve pushes the piston valve, and part of the fluid is diverted to the low-pressure side of the system, thereby maintaining the constant pressure on the high-pressure side. For the pressure sensor and differential pressure gauge: the principles of the pressure sensor and differential pressure gauge are similar, and the fluid pressure or pressure difference is measured by strain gauges and other elements, and is converted into a standard current signal output. For the pressure stabilizing tank: the fluid is filled in the air bag or diaphragm, and the compressibility of the gas layer is used to stabilize the pressure.

[0073] (3) Inlet temperature of the experimental section: controlled by the current of the first heating power supply of the preheating section, and the armored thermocouple installed at the inlet of the experimental section can control the size of the inlet temperature. For the preheating section: multiple turns of resistance wire are wound on the flow channel, and are wrapped with thermal insulation cotton to achieve heat insulation. By adjusting the current of the first heating power supply, the temperature of the fluid before entering the experimental section is controlled (see Figure 4 ). For the thermocouple: the thermocouple measures the temperature by the thermoelectric effect, and by wrapping two metal materials in a metal shell, the fluid heats the thermocouple to generate two different electric potentials, and the temperature transmitter converts this potential difference into a standard electrical signal to accurately measure the temperature.

[0074] (4) Heat flux density of the experimental section: controlled by the heating power of the second heating power supply of the experimental section, as shown in Figure 5 , two copper electrode plates are clamped on the experimental section, and the area between the copper electrode plates is the heated experimental section, and different heat flux densities are achieved by adjusting the current of the second heating power supply. The copper electrode plate has a circular hole matching the diameter of the experimental section (i.e. the experimental section is perforated), and the heating lead is fixed on the copper electrode plate by reinforcing bolts and nuts. This method supports the measurement of the heat flow-solid coupling characteristics of the gas storage working medium, which is characterized by the wall temperature, inlet pressure and pressure drop and strain of the experimental section, respectively. The inlet pressure and pressure drop are measured by the pressure and differential pressure sensors, and the details of the temperature and strain measurement are as followsFigure 6 The experimental section is horizontally or vertically placed, Figure 6 Taking horizontal placement as an example, in the front view, the thermocouples are installed along the flow direction, and the temperature measurement signals of the thermocouples are transmitted to the temperature transmitter by the measuring points through the wires, and finally processed and analyzed through the data collection system. In the rear view, the strain gauges are installed along the flow direction, and the resistance signals are transmitted to the resistance transmitter by the strain gauges, and finally processed and analyzed through the data collection system. In the side view, the installation positions of the thermocouples and the strain gauges are opposite, which ensures that the wall temperature and strain information at one position can be obtained at the same time; note that in order to enable the strain gauges to fit the pipe, the measurement position of the experimental section needs to be polished first, but note that the pressure resistance and sealing of the experimental section should not be affected. The example shows three thermocouples and strain gauges, and the actual number can be increased or decreased as needed.

[0075] The following is an embodiment of the method of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiment of the method of the present application, please refer to the system embodiment of the present application. The method embodiment of the present application proposes a method for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel. The method for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel utilizes the system for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel described above. The method for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel of the present application can be simply referred to as the measurement method.

[0076] Figure 7 The flowchart of the method for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0077] As Figure 7 shown, the method for measuring the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium in a channel includes:

[0078] Step S101, filling inert gas to clean the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system;

[0079] Step S102, after cleaning, entering the measurement experiment, filling the gas storage working medium into the storage tank and opening the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump to cool the gas storage working medium in the storage tank;

[0080] Step S103, setting the target flow rate, opening the high-pressure circulating pump, and using the high-pressure circulating pump to keep the flow rate in the pipeline of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system at the target flow rate;

[0081] Step S104, setting the target inlet pressure, controlling the opening degree of the adjusting back pressure valve to keep the pressure sensor at the target inlet pressure;

[0082] Step S105, setting the target inlet temperature, adjusting the current size of the first heating power supply to keep the temperature measurement result of the armored thermocouple at the inlet side of the experimental section pipeline at the target inlet temperature;

[0083] Step S106, set the target heat flux density, adjust the current size of the second heating power source based on the target heat flux density;

[0084] Step S107, record the detection data corresponding to the quality flow meter, pressure sensor, differential pressure gauge, strain detection unit and temperature detection unit, complete the measurement of the heat flow-solid coupling characteristics of the gas storage medium under the working condition.

[0085] In step S101, after cleaning the heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system with inert gas, it further includes: filling the gas storage medium to clean the heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system again.

[0086] In step S106, adjusting the current size of the second heating power source based on the target heat flux density includes: obtaining the current current value of the second heating power source, calculating the heating power based on the current current value using Ohm's law, calculating the current heat flux density based on the heating power and the cross-sectional area of the experimental section pipeline, and adjusting the current size of the second heating power source until the current heat flux density is equal to the target heat flux density.

[0087] In some embodiments, taking nitrogen as an example, the heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement method of high-pressure gas storage medium in the channel includes:

[0088] Step 21: Before the experiment, clean the heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system (referred to as system) with nitrogen: connect the vacuum pump to the exhaust hole of the electromagnetic three-way valve, temporarily close the exhaust hole, open the nitrogen cylinder, and the system is filled with gas; when the system pressure reaches the rated pressure, close the nitrogen cylinder, open the exhaust hole, and use the vacuum pump to remove the nitrogen, cycle 2-3 times.

[0089] Step 22: Clean the system with the gas storage medium: close the exhaust hole, open the high-pressure gas storage medium cylinder, and the system is filled with gas; when the system reaches the rated pressure, close the high-pressure gas storage medium cylinder, open the exhaust hole, and use the vacuum pump to remove the gas storage medium, cycle 1-2 times.

[0090] Step 23: Fill the gas storage medium and start the experiment: disconnect the vacuum pump connection, close the exhaust hole and nitrogen passage, open the high-pressure gas storage medium cylinder, until the internal pressure of the system is equivalent to the pressure of the high-pressure gas storage medium cylinder, and then close the high-pressure gas storage medium cylinder.

[0091] Step 24: Open the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump to continuously cool the storage tank and the cooling section, so that the gas storage medium remains in a low-temperature state.

[0092] Step 25: Set the target flow, open the high-pressure circulating pump to adjust the flow of the gas storage medium, and observe the flow reading of the mass flow meter until the flow reading of the flow meter is stable and the same as the set target flow.

[0093] Step 26: set the target inlet pressure, adjust the opening of the back pressure valve, and observe the value of the pressure gauge at the inlet of the experimental section until the value reaches the specified target inlet pressure and remains stable.

[0094] Step 27: set the target inlet temperature, turn on the first heating power of the preheating section, adjust the current of the first heating power, and observe the temperature measurement result of the armored thermocouple at the inlet of the experimental section until the inlet temperature reaches the specified target inlet temperature and remains stable.

[0095] Step 28: set the target heat flux density, turn on the second heating power of the experimental section, adjust the current of the second heating power, calculate the heating power according to Ohm's law, and convert it to heat flux density according to the area of the experimental section, until the calculated heat flux density is equal to the specified target heat flux density and remains stable.

[0096] Step 29: after the above parameters of the system are stable, record the mass flow rate, pressure differential, stress on the pipeline wall, and pipeline wall temperature of the experimental section to obtain the wall temperature characteristics, inlet pressure and flow characteristics, and strain characteristics, and complete the measurement of the thermal-fluid-solid characteristics of the gas storage medium under one working condition.

[0097] Step 30: change at least one of the target flow rate, target inlet pressure, target inlet temperature, and target heat flux density, wait for the working condition to stabilize, measure the thermal-fluid-solid characteristics, and repeat the measurement work of the next working condition.

[0098] Step 31: after the experiment is completed, turn off the power of the experimental section and the preheating section, stop heating, turn off the high-pressure circulating pump and the low-temperature cooling circulating pump, open the back pressure valve and the exhaust hole, and empty the gas storage medium in the system.

[0099] It should be noted that the above description of the channel high-pressure gas storage medium thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system embodiment is also applicable to the channel high-pressure gas storage medium thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement method of the embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0100] The above embodiment numbers of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0101] The heat flow solid coupling characteristic measurement system and method of the high-pressure gas storage working medium in the channel in the embodiment of the present application, the measurement system comprises a low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, a storage tank, a high-pressure circulating pump, a preheating unit, an electromagnetic three-way valve, a mass flow meter, an experimental unit, a pressure sensor, a pressure difference meter, a strain detection unit, a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, a back pressure valve and a data collection system; before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through the electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump cools the gas storage working medium in the storage tank to a liquid state, the high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage working medium in the storage tank to the preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas storage working medium, and the electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas storage working medium output by the preheating unit to the experimental unit; the experimental unit heats the gas storage working medium; the mass flow meter is used to detect the mass flow of the gas storage working medium entering the experimental unit, the pressure sensor and the pressure difference meter are used to measure the pressure difference of the gas storage working medium, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are used to detect the stress and the temperature of the pipe wall of the experimental unit and send them to the data collection system, the cooling unit cools the gas storage working medium output by the experimental unit, and the gas storage working medium output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through the back pressure valve, wherein the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are controlled to keep the gas storage working medium in a set flow pressure state. In this case, the low-temperature cooling liquid circulating pump, the storage tank, the high-pressure circulating pump, the preheating unit, the electromagnetic three-way valve, the mass flow meter, the experimental unit, the pressure sensor, the pressure difference meter, the strain detection unit, the temperature detection unit, the cooling unit and the back pressure valve form a circulation loop, the stress and the temperature of the pipe wall are detected by the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit respectively, the flow and the pressure difference of the high-pressure gas storage working medium are detected by the mass flow meter, the pressure sensor and the pressure difference meter, and the comprehensive measurement of the heat, flow and solid characteristics of the high-pressure gas storage working medium is realized. In addition, before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned by inert gas, which reduces the influence of impurities on the measurement results, the temperature of the gas storage working medium is adjusted by controlling the preheating unit, the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are controlled to keep the gas storage working medium in a set flow pressure state, and thus the measurement results under different working conditions are obtained, and the accuracy of the measurement data is ensured.

[0102] The method and system of the present application can realize the simultaneous measurement of the thermal characteristics, flow characteristics and strain characteristics of high-pressure gas storage working medium, which helps to study the influence of the periodic compression behavior and expansion behavior of the gas storage working medium on the structure and material strength of the gas storage working medium channel. The method and system are expected to provide guidance for the structural design, safety monitoring and energy efficiency improvement of compressed gas energy storage systems, and to be applied and popularized in the engineering technology system of compressed gas energy storage systems, to accelerate the promotion and deployment of renewable energy power generation equipment, and to promote the development of the energy and power industry. In addition, in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the experiment, the system of the present application has the following key characteristics: selecting high-pressure and high-temperature resistant materials to ensure the stability of the system under extreme working conditions; having good sealing property to prevent fluid leakage and external pollution; finally, the overall stability of the system is high, which ensures the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement data.

[0103] The structural schematic diagram according to the disclosed embodiment of the present application is shown in the accompanying drawings. These drawings are not drawn to scale, in which some details are exaggerated for the purpose of clear expression, and some details can be omitted. The shapes of various regions, layers shown in the drawings and their relative size, positional relationship are only exemplary, and in actuality, there can be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art can additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, relative positions according to actual needs.

[0104] It should be understood that the steps shown above can be reordered, added or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present application can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different order, as long as the desired results of the disclosed technical solutions of the present application can be achieved, and the present application does not limit here.

[0105] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for measuring thermal-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of a working fluid in a high-pressure gas storage channel, characterized in that, The system comprises a low-temperature coolant circulating pump, a storage tank, a high-pressure circulating pump, a preheating unit, an electromagnetic three-way valve, a mass flow meter, an experimental unit, a pressure sensor, a differential pressure gauge, a strain detection unit, a temperature detection unit, a cooling unit, a back pressure valve, and a data collection system. Before the measurement experiment, the measurement system is cleaned with inert gas, and the inert gas is discharged through the electromagnetic three-way valve; during the measurement experiment, the low-temperature coolant circulating pump cools the gas storage medium in the storage tank to a liquid state, the high-pressure circulating pump pumps the gas storage medium in the storage tank to the preheating unit, the preheating unit adjusts the temperature of the gas storage medium, the electromagnetic three-way valve sends the gas storage medium output by the preheating unit to the experimental unit; the experimental unit heats the gas storage medium; the mass flow meter is used to detect the mass flow of the gas storage medium entering the experimental unit, the pressure sensor and the differential pressure gauge are used to measure the pressure difference of the gas storage medium, the strain detection unit and the temperature detection unit are used to detect the stress and temperature of the pipe wall of the experimental unit and send them to the data collection system, the cooling unit cools the gas storage medium output by the experimental unit, and the gas storage medium output by the cooling unit reaches the storage tank through the back pressure valve, wherein the high-pressure circulating pump and the back pressure valve are controlled to keep the gas storage medium in a set flow pressure state.

2. The system for measuring the thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of the working fluid in the high-pressure gas storage channel according to claim 1, wherein, The preheating unit comprises a preheating section pipe, a first heating power supply and a resistance wire, the inlet of the preheating section pipe is connected to the high-pressure circulating pump, the outlet of the preheating section pipe is connected to the electromagnetic three-way valve, the resistance wire is wound around the outer periphery of the preheating section pipe, and the resistance wire is connected to the first heating power supply; the temperature of the gas storage medium is adjusted by controlling the current of the first heating power supply.

3. The system for measuring the thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of the working fluid in the high-pressure gas storage channel according to claim 1, wherein, The strain detection unit comprises a resistance transmitter and a plurality of strain gauges, and the plurality of strain gauges are arranged on the experimental section pipe of the experimental unit.

4. The system for measuring thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of a working fluid in a high-pressure gas storage channel according to claim 3, wherein, The temperature detection unit comprises a temperature transmitter and a plurality of thermocouples, the plurality of thermocouples are arranged on the experimental section pipe, the number of strain gauges is consistent with the number of thermocouples, and the installation positions of each thermocouple and the corresponding strain gauge are opposite.

5. The system for measuring thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of a working fluid in a high-pressure gas storage channel according to claim 4, wherein, The temperature detection unit further comprises a plurality of armored thermocouples, and the plurality of armored thermocouples are arranged on the inlet side and the outlet side of the experimental section pipe.

6. The system for measuring thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of working fluid in a high-pressure gas storage in a channel according to claim 1, wherein, The experimental unit comprises a second heating power supply, a heating guide wire and two fixing devices, the two fixing devices are respectively fixed on the inlet and outlet of the experimental section pipe, each fixing device is connected to the experimental section pipe and the heating guide wire, the heating guide wire is connected to the second heating power supply, and the heat flux density is controlled by adjusting the current of the second heating power supply.

7. The system for measuring thermo-hydro-elastic coupling characteristics of working fluid in a high-pressure gas storage in a channel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system further comprises a pressure stabilizing tank and a check valve, and the high-pressure circulating pump is connected to the inlet of the preheating section pipe through the pressure stabilizing tank and the check valve.

8. A thermal-fluid-structure coupling characteristic measurement method based on the thermal-fluid-structure coupling characteristic measurement system of the channel high-pressure gas storage working medium according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The system comprises: filling the heat flow-solid coupling characteristic measurement system with inert gas for cleaning; after cleaning, entering the measurement experiment, filling the storage tank with gas storage medium and turning on the low-temperature coolant circulating pump to cool the gas storage medium in the storage tank; Setting a target flow rate, opening a high-pressure circulating pump, and using the high-pressure circulating pump to keep the flow rate in a pipeline of a heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system at the target flow rate; Setting a target inlet pressure, controlling the opening of an adjusting back pressure valve to keep the pressure sensor at the target inlet pressure; Setting a target inlet temperature, adjusting the current of the first heating power supply to keep the temperature detection result of the armored thermocouple at the inlet side of the experimental section pipeline at the target inlet temperature; Setting a target heat flux density, and adjusting the current of the second heating power supply based on the target heat flux density; Recording the detection data of the mass flow meter, the pressure sensor, the differential pressure gauge, the strain detection unit, and the temperature detection unit, and completing the measurement of the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristics of the gas storage working medium under the working condition.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: After cleaning the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system with inert gas, the method further includes: filling the gas storage working medium to clean the heat-fluid-solid coupling characteristic measurement system again.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises: The adjusting of the current of the second heating power supply based on the target heat flux density includes: Obtaining the current value of the second heating power supply, calculating the heating power based on the current value by using Ohm's law, calculating the current heat flux density based on the heating power and the cross-sectional area of the experimental section pipeline, and adjusting the current of the second heating power supply until the current heat flux density is equal to the target heat flux density.

Images