Pressure relief component, battery monomer, battery and electric equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a pressure relief component, a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The pressure relief component is used for a battery monomer, the pressure relief component is provided with a nick groove, at least two convex parts are arranged in an area defined by the nick groove, the convex parts protrude out of one side of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction, and the convex parts are sunken in the other side of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction. The battery monomer formed by the pressure relief component has relatively high reliability.

Description

Pressure relief components, battery cells, batteries and electrical equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a pressure relief component, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry. Electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of the sustainable development of the automotive industry. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a key factor in their development.

[0003] In the battery manufacturing process, in addition to improving the battery's energy density, reliability is also an issue that cannot be ignored. Therefore, how to improve reliability is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in battery technology.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pressure relief component, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device. The battery cell formed by the pressure relief component has high reliability.

[0006] This application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a pressure relief component for a battery cell, wherein the pressure relief component is provided with a notched groove, and at least two protrusions are provided in the area surrounded by the notched groove, wherein the protrusions protrude from one side of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction, and the protrusions are recessed on the other side of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction.

[0008] According to the pressure relief component of the embodiment of the present application, at least two protrusions are arranged in the area surrounded by the notched groove, and the formation positions of the at least two protrusions have stress concentration areas. The stress concentration areas correspond to the notched grooves, and the notched grooves are easy to crack. Under the same opening pressure, the groove depth of the notched grooves can be shallower, and the residual thickness at the notched grooves can be thicker, which can increase the strength at the notched grooves and reduce the risk of premature cracking of the notched grooves, so that the pressure relief component has a longer service life, and the battery cell formed by the pressure relief component has higher reliability.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove is annular.

[0010] In the above solution, the notched groove is annular in shape, so that after the notched groove is cracked, a larger pressure relief area is formed to achieve rapid pressure relief.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the score groove is provided along an edge of the convex portion.

[0012] In the above solution, a portion of the notched groove is provided along the edge of the convex portion, and the stress at the edge of the convex portion is more concentrated, so that the notched groove is easily cracked, thereby facilitating the release of the pressure inside the battery cell.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove includes a first straight groove segment, a second straight groove segment, a first arc groove segment and a second arc groove segment, the first arc groove segment and the second arc groove segment are respectively arranged along the edges of the two convex portions, the first straight groove segment connects the first end of the first arc groove segment and the first end of the second arc groove segment, and the second straight groove segment connects the second end of the first arc groove segment and the second end of the second arc groove segment.

[0014] In the above scheme, the first straight groove segment, the second straight groove segment, the first arc groove segment and the second arc groove segment form a ring, and the first arc groove segment and the second arc groove segment are respectively arranged along the edges of the two convex parts. The first arc groove segment and the second arc groove segment respectively have a larger corresponding area with the corresponding convex parts to facilitate the cracking of the notched groove. The structure is simple and easy to process.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief component includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along its thickness direction, the first surface is provided with a recessed groove, the notched groove is provided on the bottom wall of the recessed groove, and the protrusion is part of the bottom wall.

[0016] In the above solution, the arrangement of the sink groove facilitates the processing of the notched groove and facilitates cracking; the sink groove can be stamped and formed, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the bottom wall of the groove has a third surface facing the opening of the sink, and the protrusion protrudes from the third surface.

[0018] In the above solution, since the sink is formed by the depression of the first surface and the protrusion protrudes from the third surface, the space in the direction perpendicular to the third surface can be reasonably utilized, thereby reducing space occupation.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the height of the protrusion protruding from the third surface is H1, and the thickness of the bottom wall of the groove where the notch groove is set is H2, satisfying 1≤H1 / H2≤10.

[0020] In the above embodiment, the height of the protrusion above the third surface satisfies the aforementioned relationship, which, on the one hand, facilitates processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, ensures that the groove bottom wall has high strength. If H1 / H2 is small (e.g., less than 1), the height of the protrusion above the third surface is small, making processing and manufacturing more difficult. If H1 / H2 is large (e.g., greater than 10), the height of the protrusion above the third surface is high, resulting in low strength of the groove bottom wall and prone to cracking at the edge of the protrusion.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, 3≤H1 / H2≤5.

[0022] In the above solution, compared with 1≤H1 / H2≤10, when 3≤H1 / H2≤5, on the one hand, the processing and manufacturing difficulty is lower, and on the other hand, the strength of the groove bottom wall is higher.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion protrudes from the first surface.

[0024] In the above solution, the convex portion protrudes from the first surface, so that the groove bottom wall can have higher strength.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present application, at least two protrusions are symmetrically arranged along the geometric center of the area surrounded by the scoring groove.

[0026] In the above solution, at least two protrusions are symmetrically arranged along the geometric center of the area surrounded by the scored groove, so that the pressure relief component can have higher strength in the area surrounded by the scored groove, and the area surrounded by the scored groove is subjected to balanced force, so that the scored groove can be cracked.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, the convex portion is formed by stamping.

[0028] In the above solution, the convex portion is formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising a pressure relief component as provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0030] The battery cell according to the embodiment of the present application adopts the above-mentioned pressure relief component and has a longer service life.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery cell includes a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover closes the opening, the end cover is provided with a through hole, and the pressure relief component closes the through hole.

[0032] In the above solution, the through hole is a pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief component closes the through hole. The pressure relief component has a long service life, so that the battery cell has good long-term reliability.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery cell includes a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover closes the opening, and the pressure relief component is the end cover.

[0034] In the above solution, the pressure relief component is an end cover, so that the end cover has a pressure relief function. The pressure relief structure is formed by arranging a notch groove on the end cover. The pressure relief structure has better stability and good long-term reliability.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery cell includes a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover closes the opening, and the pressure relief component is the shell.

[0036] In the above solution, the pressure relief component is a shell, which has both the function of accommodating the electrode assembly and the function of pressure relief.

[0037] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising a battery cell as provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0038] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a battery as provided in any of the above embodiments, the battery being used to provide electrical energy.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] FIG3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0044] FIG4 is an axonometric view of a pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0045] FIG5 is a top view of the pressure relief component shown in FIG4 ;

[0046] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure relief component shown in FIG5 along the AA direction;

[0047] FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of position B of the pressure relief component shown in FIG6;

[0048] FIG8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of multiple protrusions of a pressure relief component along a first direction according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0049] FIG9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of multiple protrusions of a pressure relief component along a second direction according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0050] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cap and a pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0051] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief component provided in other embodiments of the present application;

[0052] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief component provided in yet other embodiments of the present application;

[0053] In the drawings, the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0054] Marking instructions: 100-battery; 10-case; 11-first sub-case; 12-second sub-case; 20-battery cell; 21-housing; 211-housing; 212-end cover; 2121-through hole; 22-electrode assembly; 221-tab; 23-electrode terminal; 24-adapter; 3-pressure relief component; 31-notched groove; 311-first straight groove segment; 312-second straight groove segment; 313-first arc groove segment; 313a-first arc groove segment One end; 313b-the second end of the first arc-line slot segment; 314-the second arc-line slot segment; 314a-the first end of the second arc-line slot segment; 314b-the second end of the second arc-line slot segment; 32-the convex portion; 33-the first surface; 34-the second surface; 35-the sinking groove; 351-the bottom wall of the groove; 352-the third surface; 36-the connecting area; 37-the peripheral wall; 38-the bottom wall; P1-the first side; P2-the second side; 200-the controller; 300-the motor; 1000-the vehicle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0058] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0060] The term "multiple" in this application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0061] The development of battery technology must take into account multiple design factors at the same time, such as energy density, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate and other performance parameters. In addition, battery reliability must also be considered.

[0062] The battery cell includes a pressure relief structure that can be actuated to release pressure within the battery cell. Actuation can include rupturing or opening the pressure relief structure. For example, the pressure relief structure can include a scored groove that ruptures to release pressure from the pressure relief structure.

[0063] In the related art, in order to facilitate pressure release, the groove depth of the notched groove is relatively deep, that is, the thickness of the structure where the notched groove is set is relatively thin. When subjected to external force, the notched groove is easy to crack, causing the pressure relief structure to open by mistake, making the pressure relief structure function invalid and the reliability of the battery cell low.

[0064] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of short service life of the pressure relief structure and low reliability of the battery cell, the inventor has designed a technical solution after in-depth research, in which at least two protrusions are arranged in the area surrounded by the notched groove, and the formation positions of the at least two protrusions have stress concentration areas, which correspond to the notched grooves, making the notched grooves easy to crack. Therefore, under the same opening pressure, the groove depth of the notched groove can be made shallower, and the residual thickness at the notched groove can be thicker, which can increase the strength at the notched groove and reduce the risk of premature cracking of the notched groove, so that the pressure relief component has a longer service life, and the battery cell composed of the pressure relief component has higher reliability.

[0065] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but are not limited to, in electrical equipment such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical equipment.

[0066] The embodiments of the present application provide an electric device that uses a battery as a power source. The electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. The electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, etc. The spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, etc.

[0067] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application. Vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1000, such as for the working power requirements during the startup, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1000.

[0069] The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 . The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, to meet the power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 2, which is an exploded view of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 being housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 can include a first sub-housing 11 and a second sub-housing 12, which cover each other and together define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second sub-housing 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first sub-housing 11 can be a plate-like structure, with the first sub-housing 11 covering the open side of the second sub-housing 12, so that the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 jointly define a storage space; the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 can also be hollow structures with one end open, with the open side of the first sub-housing 11 covering the open side of the second sub-housing 12.

[0072] In the battery 100, there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. A hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the entire battery cell 20 may be housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery 100 may be constructed by first connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, which is then connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a complete battery module, and then housed within the housing 10. The battery 100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 20.

[0073] The battery 100 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may include one or more battery cells 20 to provide a single physical module with higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells 20, the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series, in parallel, or in hybrid through electrical connectors.

[0074] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may be a battery module. When there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0075] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 . The battery cells 20 or battery modules are housed in the case 10 .

[0076] In some embodiments, the box 10 may serve as part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the box 10 may form at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the box 10 may form at least a portion of the cross member and longitudinal member of the vehicle 1000.

[0077] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may be an energy storage device, including an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 20 that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell 20 is discharged.

[0079] The battery cell 20 can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead storage battery, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0080] A battery cell 20 typically includes an electrode assembly 22. The electrode assembly 22 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 20, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) are intercalated and released between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits while allowing the active ions to pass through.

[0081] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0082] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0083] As an example, the positive electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel with a silver surface treatment, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium, etc. may be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0084] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used.

[0085] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0086] As an example, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, the metal foil may be silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium.

[0087] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector has two opposite surfaces in its thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0088] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material for battery 100 that is well known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, etc. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other traditional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0089] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of separator, and any known separator with a porous structure having good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0090] As an example, the primary material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation. The separator can be a separate component positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.

[0091] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte, which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and serves to transport ions and isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0092] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into the wound structure.

[0093] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 may include a housing. The housing is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The housing may be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, a plastic housing (e.g., polypropylene), a composite metal housing (e.g., a copper-aluminum composite housing), or an aluminum-plastic film.

[0095] In some embodiments, the housing includes an end cap and a shell. The shell has an opening, and the end cap closes the opening to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly, electrolyte, and other substances. The shell may have one or more openings. One or more end caps may also be provided.

[0096] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with at least one electrode terminal, which is electrically connected to a tab of the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal may be directly connected to the tab or indirectly connected to the tab via an adapter. The electrode terminal may be provided on an end cap or on the housing.

[0097] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with an explosion-proof valve for releasing the internal pressure of the battery cell.

[0098] As an example, the battery cells may be cylindrical, prismatic, soft-pack, or other shaped battery cells. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic, blade-shaped, and polygonal prismatic cells. Polygonal prismatic cells, for example, hexagonal, are examples of these. This embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited. Referring to FIG. 3 , this embodiment of the present application uses a prismatic battery cell as an example.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 3, which is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, a battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, and a pressure relief component (not shown in Figure 3). Housing 21 includes a shell 211 and an end cap 212. Shell 211 has an opening, and end cap 212 closes the opening to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment.

[0100] The shell 211 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 212 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22, electrolyte and other components. The shell 211 and the end cover 212 can be independent components. The shell 211 can be of various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the shell 211 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22. The material of the shell 211 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this. The embodiment of the present application takes the shell 211 as a rectangular parallelepiped as an example.

[0101] The end cap 212 refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell 211 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 212 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 211 to match the shell 211. Optionally, the end cap 212 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 212 is not easily deformed when squeezed or collided, so that the battery cell 20 can have a higher structural strength and the safety performance can also be improved. Functional components such as electrode terminals 23 can be provided on the end cap 212. The electrode terminal 23 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 22 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20. The material of the end cap 212 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating structure may be provided inside the end cap 212 to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 211 from the end cap 212 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating structure may be made of plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0102] The electrode assembly 22 is a component where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20. One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained in the housing 211.

[0103] The battery cell 20 further includes a connecting piece 24 , which connects the tab 221 of the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 23 .

[0104] The pressure relief component is a component that releases pressure within the battery cell 20. When the pressure or temperature within the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, the pressure relief component releases the pressure within the battery cell 20. The pressure relief component can be located on the end cap 212, or the housing 211 or the end cap 212 can function as the pressure relief component. The specific structure of the pressure relief component is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 4, which is an axonometric view of a pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 is a top view of the pressure relief component shown in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure relief component shown in Figure 5 along the AA direction. An embodiment of the present application provides a pressure relief component 3, which is provided with a notched groove 31, and at least two protrusions 32 are provided in the area surrounded by the notched groove 31. The protrusion 32 protrudes from one side of the pressure relief component 3 in the thickness direction, and the protrusion 32 is recessed on the other side of the pressure relief component 3 in the thickness direction.

[0106] In the figure, the direction indicated by the letter Z is the thickness direction of the pressure relief component 3.

[0107] The pressure relief component 3 can be a component installed on the end cover 212, for example, the pressure relief component 3 is an explosion-proof disk installed on the end cover 212; the pressure relief component 3 can also be the end cover 212 as a whole; the pressure relief component 3 can be a part of the shell 211, for example, the pressure relief component 3 can be a wall portion of the shell 211 or a part of a wall portion.

[0108] The pressure relief component 3 includes a first side P1 and a second side P2 that are opposite to each other along its thickness. The protrusion 32 may protrude from the first side P1, while the protrusion 32 may be recessed from the second side P2. The first side P1 may be the side of the pressure relief component 3 facing away from the interior of the battery cell 20, while the second side P2 may be the side of the pressure relief component 3 facing the interior of the battery cell 20.

[0109] The area enclosed by the notched groove 31 may be a closed area, for example, the notched groove 31 may be annular, or the area enclosed by the notched groove 31 may be an open area, for example, the notched groove 31 may be C-shaped.

[0110] The convex portion 32 protrudes from one side of the pressure relief component 3 in the thickness direction, and is recessed on the other side of the pressure relief component 3 in the thickness direction. The convex portion 32 can be formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0111] According to the pressure relief component 3 of the embodiment of the present application, at least two protrusions 32 are provided in the area surrounded by the notched groove 31. The formation positions of the at least two protrusions 32 have stress concentration areas, which correspond to the notched groove 31. The notched groove 31 is easy to crack. Under the same opening pressure, the groove depth of the notched groove 31 can be shallower, and the residual thickness at the notched groove 31 can be thicker, which can increase the strength at the notched groove 31 and reduce the risk of premature cracking of the notched groove 31, so that the pressure relief component 3 has a longer service life, and the battery cell 20 formed by the pressure relief component 3 has higher reliability.

[0112] According to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 32 is formed by stamping.

[0113] The convex portion 32 is formed by stamping, and the stress of the pressure relief component 3 is concentrated in the formation area of ​​the convex portion. The notched groove 31 corresponds to the stress center area, so that the notched groove 31 is easy to crack.

[0114] In the above solution, the protrusion 32 is formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0115] 4 and 5 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the notched groove 31 is annular.

[0116] The shape of the notch groove 31 can be various, for example, a circular ring, a rectangular ring, etc.

[0117] During the pressure relief process, the pressure relief component 3 can rupture along the scored groove 31, so that the area surrounded by the scored groove 31 can be opened in a detached manner, thereby increasing the pressure relief area of ​​the pressure relief component 3 and improving the pressure relief rate of the pressure relief component 3.

[0118] In the above solution, the notched groove 31 is annular, so that after the notched groove 31 is cracked, a larger pressure relief area is formed to achieve rapid pressure relief.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 6 and further to Figure 7 , which is a partial enlarged view of point B of the pressure relief component shown in Figure 6 . According to some embodiments of the present application, a portion of the notched groove 31 is provided along the edge of the protrusion 32 .

[0120] A portion of the scored groove 31 is provided along the edge of the convex portion 32 , and an extending direction of the portion of the scored groove 31 may correspond to an extending direction of the edge of the convex portion 32 .

[0121] In the above solution, a portion of the notched groove 31 is provided along the edge of the protrusion 32 , and the stress at the edge of the protrusion 32 is more concentrated, so that the notched groove 31 is easy to crack, thereby facilitating the release of the pressure inside the battery cell 20 .

[0122] Please refer to Figure 5. According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove 31 includes a first straight groove segment 311, a second straight groove segment 312, a first arc groove segment 313 and a second arc groove segment 314. The first arc groove segment 313 and the second arc groove segment 314 are respectively arranged along the edges of the two protrusions 32. The first straight groove segment 311 connects the first end 313a of the first arc groove segment and the first end 314a of the second arc groove segment. The second straight groove segment 312 connects the second end 313b of the first arc groove segment and the second end 314b of the second arc groove segment.

[0123] The first straight groove segment 311 , the second straight groove segment 312 , the first arc groove segment 313 and the second arc groove segment 314 are connected to form a ring. After the notched groove 31 is cracked, the area surrounded by the notched groove 31 can be opened in a detached manner.

[0124] The first end 313a of the first arc-line slot segment is arranged opposite to the first end 314a of the second arc-line slot segment, so that the first straight slot segment 311 connects the first end 313a of the first arc-line slot segment and the first end 314a of the second arc-line slot segment; the second end 313b of the first arc-line slot segment is arranged opposite to the second end 314b of the second arc-line slot segment, so that the second straight slot segment 312 connects the second end 313b of the first arc-line slot segment and the second end 314b of the second arc-line slot segment.

[0125] The first straight slot segment 311 and the second straight slot segment 312 may be arranged in parallel.

[0126] Two or more convex portions 32 may be provided within the area enclosed by the notched groove 31. For example, as shown in FIG6 , two convex portions 32 are provided within the area enclosed by the notched groove 31, and the two convex portions 32 correspond to the first arcuate groove segment 313 and the second arcuate groove segment 314, respectively.

[0127] In the above scheme, the first straight groove segment 311, the second straight groove segment 312, the first arc groove segment 313 and the second arc groove segment 314 form a ring, and the first arc groove segment 313 and the second arc groove segment 314 are respectively arranged along the edges of the two protrusions 32. The first arc groove segment 313 and the second arc groove segment 314 respectively have a larger corresponding area with the corresponding protrusion 32 to facilitate the cracking of the notched groove 31. The structure is simple and easy to process.

[0128] Please refer to Figures 6 and 7. According to some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief component 3 includes a first surface 33 and a second surface 34 arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof. The first surface 33 is provided with a recessed groove 35. The notched groove 31 is provided on the bottom wall 351 of the recessed groove 35. The protrusion 32 is part of the bottom wall 351.

[0129] The first surface 33 and the second surface 34 are two surfaces arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the pressure relief component 3 . The first surface 33 and the second surface 34 may be parallel to each other, and the thickness direction of the pressure relief component 3 may be perpendicular to the first surface 33 and the second surface 34 .

[0130] The first surface 33 is recessed toward the second surface 34 to form the recessed groove 35 . A portion of the bottom wall 351 protrudes toward the opening of the recessed groove 35 to form a convex portion 32 . The convex portion 32 is recessed on the second surface 34 .

[0131] The notched groove 31 is provided on the bottom wall 351 of the sink 35 . The notched groove 31 is easily cracked to facilitate pressure relief.

[0132] In the above solution, the arrangement of the sink groove 35 facilitates the processing of the notched groove 31 and facilitates cracking; the sink groove 35 can be formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0133] According to some embodiments of the present application, the notched groove 31 is arranged along the edge of the bottom wall 351 of the sink 35, so that the area surrounded by the notched groove 31 is larger. After the notched groove 31 is cracked, the pressure relief component 3 can form a larger pressure relief area.

[0134] Referring to FIG. 6 , according to some embodiments of the present application, two adjacent protrusions 32 are connected by a connecting region 36 , and both ends of the connecting region 36 along the extension direction may extend to the notched groove 31 , respectively.

[0135] The connection area 36 is a region between two adjacent protrusions 32 , and the connection area 36 connects the two adjacent protrusions 32 .

[0136] When the protrusions 32 are stamped, a connection area 36 is formed between two adjacent protrusions 32. This connection area 36 is a stress concentration area, and the intersection of the score groove 31 with the connection area 36 is more susceptible to cracking than other areas. When the battery cell 20 formed by the pressure relief component 3 releases pressure due to thermal runaway, the intersection of the score groove 31 with the connection area 36 cracks first, followed by other areas of the score groove 31, thus forming a pressure relief channel.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 7 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the groove bottom wall 351 has a third surface 352 facing the opening of the sink 35 , and the protrusion 32 protrudes from the third surface 352 .

[0138] The third surface 352 is a surface of the bottom wall 351 facing the opening of the sink 35 , and the notched groove 31 is formed on the third surface 352 .

[0139] In the above solution, since the sink 35 is formed by the depression of the first surface 33 and the protrusion 32 protrudes from the third surface 352 , the space in the direction perpendicular to the third surface 352 can be reasonably utilized, thereby reducing space occupation.

[0140] 6 and 7 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the height of the protrusion 32 protruding from the third surface 352 is H1, and the thickness of the groove bottom wall 351 where the notch groove 31 is provided is H2, satisfying 1≤H1 / H2≤10.

[0141] The thickness direction of the groove bottom wall 351 is parallel to the thickness direction of the pressure relief component 3 , and the depth direction of the scored groove 31 is parallel to the thickness direction of the groove bottom wall 351 .

[0142] The thickness of the groove bottom wall 351 at the location of the scored groove 31 refers to the residual thickness of the groove bottom wall 351 at the location of the scored groove 31 , that is, the thickness of the groove bottom wall 351 minus the groove depth of the scored groove 31 .

[0143] In the above embodiment, the height of the protrusion 32 protruding from the third surface 352 satisfies the aforementioned relationship, which, on the one hand, facilitates processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, ensures that the groove bottom wall 351 has high strength. If H1 / H2 is small (e.g., less than 1), the height of the protrusion 32 protruding from the third surface 352 is small, making processing and manufacturing more difficult. If H1 / H2 is large (e.g., greater than 10), the height of the protrusion 32 protruding from the third surface 352 is high, resulting in low strength of the groove bottom wall 351, which is prone to cracking at the edge of the protrusion 32.

[0144] Alternatively, H1 / H2 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0145] According to some embodiments of the present application, 3≤H1 / H2≤5.

[0146] Alternatively, H1 / H2 can be 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 or 5.

[0147] In the above solution, compared with 1≤H1 / H2≤10, when 3≤H1 / H2≤5, on the one hand, the difficulty of processing and manufacturing is lower, and on the other hand, the strength of the groove bottom wall 351 is higher.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 7 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the protrusion 32 protrudes from the first surface 33 .

[0149] The convex portion 32 protrudes from the first surface 33 and has a large deformation. In the embodiment in which the convex portion 32 is formed by stamping, the groove bottom wall 351 can have a higher strength.

[0150] Referring to FIG. 6 , according to some embodiments of the present application, at least two protrusions 32 are symmetrically arranged along the geometric center of the area surrounded by the notched groove 31 .

[0151] The at least two protrusions 32 can be arranged sequentially along the first direction X, which is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the pressure relief component 3. The at least two protrusions 32 can be provided in an even number, with the even number of protrusions 32 being symmetrically arranged around the midpoint of the area enclosed by the scored groove 31 in the first direction X. Alternatively, the at least two protrusions 32 can be provided in an odd number, with the central protrusion 32 of the at least two protrusions 32 being provided at the midpoint of the area enclosed by the scored groove 31 in the first direction X and the second direction Y, and the remaining protrusions 32 being symmetrically arranged around the central protrusion 32.

[0152] In the above scheme, at least two protrusions 32 are symmetrically arranged along the geometric center of the area surrounded by the notched groove 31, so that the pressure relief component 3 can have higher strength in the area surrounded by the notched groove 31, and the area surrounded by the notched groove 31 is subjected to balanced force, so that the notched groove 31 can crack.

[0153] According to some embodiments of the present application, two protrusions 32 are disposed within the area enclosed by the scored groove 31. The two protrusions 32 are arranged along the first direction X. The two protrusions 32 are connected by a connecting region 36, which extends along the second direction Y. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of the pressure relief component 3 are perpendicular to each other. Both ends of the connecting region 36 extend to the scored groove 31. The connecting region 36 can be the area between two adjacent protrusions 32.

[0154] Please refer to Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of multiple protrusions of a pressure relief component along a first direction, and Figure 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of multiple protrusions of a pressure relief component along a second direction, according to some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, multiple protrusions 32 are disposed within the area enclosed by the notched groove 31. Multiple protrusions 32 are disposed along the first direction X, and multiple protrusions 32 are disposed along the second direction Y. A larger number of protrusions 32 are disposed within the area enclosed by the notched groove 31.

[0155] An embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 , which includes a pressure relief component 3 as provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0156] According to the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell 20 adopts the above-mentioned pressure relief component 3 and has a longer service life.

[0157] Please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap and pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 211 and an end cap 212. The housing 211 has an opening, the end cap 212 closes the opening, and the end cap 212 is provided with a through hole 2121. The pressure relief component 3 closes the through hole 2121.

[0158] The pressure relief component 3 may be a burst-proof disk, and the pressure relief component 3 may be welded to the end cover 212 , or the pressure relief component 3 may be bonded to the end cover 212 .

[0159] In the above solution, the through hole 2121 is a pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief component 3 closes the through hole 2121 . The pressure relief component 3 has a long service life, so that the battery cell 20 has good long-term reliability.

[0160] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief component provided in some other embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 3 and 11, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 211 and an end cap 212. The housing 211 has an opening, and the end cap 212 closes the opening. The pressure relief component 3 is the end cap 212.

[0161] In the above solution, the pressure relief component 3 can be the end cover 212, so that the end cover 212 has a pressure relief function. By setting a notched groove 31 on the end cover 212 to form a pressure relief structure, the pressure relief structure has better stability and good long-term reliability.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief component provided in some embodiments of the present application. According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 3 and 12, the battery cell 20 includes a housing 211 and an end cap 212. The housing 211 has an opening, and the end cap 212 closes the opening. The pressure relief component 3 is the housing 211.

[0163] In the above solution, the pressure relief component 3 may be a shell 211 , and the pressure relief component 3 has both the function of accommodating the electrode assembly 22 and the function of pressure relief.

[0164] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 12 , the housing 211 includes a peripheral wall 37 and a bottom wall 38 . The peripheral wall 37 surrounds the edge of the bottom wall 38 , and the peripheral wall 37 and the bottom wall 38 together define a receiving space. An opening is formed at the end opposite the peripheral wall 37 and the bottom wall 38 , and the bottom wall 38 serves as the pressure relief component 3 . The end cap 212 is used to cover the opening. The peripheral wall 37 and the bottom wall 38 are integrally formed.

[0165] In an embodiment in which the housing 211 is cylindrical, the housing 211 may have two walls, one being a bottom wall 38 and the other being a cylindrical peripheral wall 37. As shown in FIG12 , in an embodiment in which the housing 211 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the housing 211 may have five walls, a bottom wall 38 and four side walls, which are connected end to end to form the peripheral wall 37.

[0166] According to some embodiments of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100, including the battery cell 20 provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0167] According to some embodiments of the present application, an electrical device is provided, comprising the battery 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery 100 is used to provide electrical energy.

[0168] The power-consuming device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .

[0169] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 3 to 12 , a battery cell 20 is provided. The battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, and a pressure relief component 3. The housing 21 includes a shell 211 and an end cap 212. The shell 211 has an opening, which is closed by the end cap 212. The end cap 212 is provided with a through hole 2121, and the pressure relief component 3 closes the through hole 2121. The pressure relief component 3 is a burst-proof disk. The pressure relief component 3 includes a first surface 33 and a second surface 34 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The first surface 33 is provided with a recessed groove 35. A notched groove 31 is provided on the bottom wall 351 of the recessed groove 35, and a protrusion 32 is part of the bottom wall 351. The bottom wall 351 has a third surface 352 facing the opening of the recessed groove 35. The protrusion 32 protrudes from the third surface 352 and from the first surface 33. The notched groove 31 is provided along the edge of the bottom wall 351 of the recessed groove 35 and is annular in shape. The area enclosed by the scored groove 31 is provided with two protrusions 32, which are arranged along the first direction X and are symmetrically arranged about the geometric center of the area enclosed by the scored groove 31. The two protrusions 32 are connected by a connecting region 36, which extends along the second direction Y, with both ends of the connecting region 36 extending to the scored groove 31.

[0170] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components may be substituted with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pressure relief component for a battery cell, the pressure relief component being provided with a notched groove, and at least two protrusions being provided within an area enclosed by the notched groove, the protrusions protruding from one side of the pressure relief component in a thickness direction and recessed from the other side of the pressure relief component in the thickness direction.

2. The pressure relief component according to claim 1, wherein: The scoring groove is annular.

3. The pressure relief component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: A portion of the scoring groove is provided along an edge of the convex portion.

4. The pressure relief component according to claim 3, wherein: The scoring groove includes a first straight groove segment, a second straight groove segment, a first arc groove segment and a second arc groove segment. The first arc groove segment and the second arc groove segment are respectively arranged along the edges of the two protrusions. The first straight groove segment connects the first end of the first arc groove segment and the first end of the second arc groove segment. The second straight groove segment connects the second end of the first arc groove segment and the second end of the second arc groove segment.

5. The pressure relief component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The pressure relief component includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof. The first surface is provided with a recessed groove. The notched groove is provided on the bottom wall of the recessed groove. The protrusion is a part of the bottom wall.

6. The pressure relief component according to claim 5, wherein: The groove bottom wall has a third surface facing the opening of the sink, and the protrusion protrudes from the third surface.

7. The pressure relief component according to claim 6, wherein: The height of the protrusion protruding from the third surface is H1, and the thickness of the groove bottom wall where the notch groove is set is H2, satisfying 1≤H1 / H2≤10.

8. The pressure relief component according to claim 7, wherein: 3≤H1 / H2≤5.

9. The pressure relief component according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: The convex portion protrudes from the first surface.

10. The pressure relief component according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The at least two protrusions are symmetrically arranged along the geometric center of the area surrounded by the scoring groove.

11. The pressure relief component according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The convex portion is formed by stamping.

12. A battery cell comprising the pressure relief component according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The battery cell according to claim 12, wherein: The battery cell includes a shell and an end cover. The shell has an opening. The end cover closes the opening. The end cover is provided with a through hole. The pressure relief component closes the through hole.

14. The battery cell according to claim 12, wherein: The battery cell includes a shell and an end cover. The shell has an opening. The end cover closes the opening. The pressure relief component is the end cover.

15. The battery cell according to claim 12, wherein: The battery cell includes a shell and an end cover. The shell has an opening. The end cover closes the opening. The pressure relief component is the shell.

16. A battery comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 12 to 15.

17. An electrical device comprising the battery according to claim 16, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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