A factory-scale synchronous circulation production method for potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of potato breeding, and more particularly to a method for factory-scale synchronous cycle production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes, wherein the top of a potato plant is rooted and cultured to obtain a potato seedling with a new root, and the seedling culture is performed to obtain a potato seedling, and then the top is cut off and the root culture of the next cycle is performed. The plant after the top is cut off is a topless seedling, and the seedling without the top cut off is used for conventional potato cultivation and production. The topless seedling is subjected to axillary bud induction or tuber cultivation according to the demand in actual production. After the axillary bud culture, the axillary bud is cut off and the root culture of the next cycle is performed. The topless seedling of the tuber cultivation is picked after growing to mature micro-tubers, and is graded according to the size of the tubers. The large potatoes are used as micro-tuber seed potatoes for conventional potato cultivation and production, and the remaining micro-tuber and small potatoes are germinated. The young buds are cut off and used as the top of a new potato plant to carry out the root culture of the next cycle, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the virus-free potato breeding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of potato breeding, and in particular to a method for factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes. Background Art

[0002] There are two main methods for breeding virus-free potatoes: one is to use tissue culture to obtain potato seedlings, which are then used as seedlings for greenhouse cultivation. The other is to use aeroponics or substrate culture to obtain potato microtubers, which are then used as seed potatoes for greenhouse or field cultivation.

[0003] The production of existing tissue culture seedlings is mainly carried out in aseptic tissue culture rooms, which is costly and technical, requiring supporting aseptic operation equipment and a large number of professional and technical workers, and the tissue culture seedlings grow in tissue culture bottles, and the seedlings are thin and weak. The production of micro-seed potatoes is mainly carried out in greenhouses, and the production is disposable, cannot be recycled, and is subject to seasonal restrictions. The time when micro-seed potatoes can be harvested each year is limited, and the harvest time does not match the planting time. During planting, the emergence of micro-seed potatoes is often caused by reasons such as premature germination or dormancy of the seed potatoes. Taking Sichuan as an example, potatoes can be planted in spring, autumn and winter in plain and hilly areas. Plateau and mountainous areas plant potatoes in spring or in autumn after planting in early spring. The annual planting time is mainly February to March, August to September and December, but seed potatoes can only be harvested in April to May, August to September and November to December. The dormancy period of different potato seed potatoes is different. The dormancy period of early-maturing varieties is about 50-100 days, and that of mid- and late-maturing varieties is about 100-150 days. For example, if seed potatoes are planted for harvest in April and May, if the planting time is August to September, the interval between planting and harvesting is 90-150 days. Early-maturing varieties are prone to early germination due to the long interval, and medium- and late-maturing varieties are prone to late emergence due to the short interval, both of which will affect the growth and yield of the plants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a method for the factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes to solve the technical problems in the prior art of virus-free potato breeding, such as high technical requirements, high costs, poor seedling quality, and the inability to produce cyclically due to restrictions such as seasonal environment.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Rooting culture

[0007] Cut the top of a potato plant at 6 to 8 cm, soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormones, and then fix the top of the potato plant on a planting plate. The planting plate is placed on an opaque plastic box containing a 100-fold diluted solution of rooting agent C. The lower 1 to 2 cm of the top of the planting plant must be in contact with the liquid surface of the 100-fold diluted solution of rooting agent C. Rooting is cultured and grown in an environment of 20 to 24° C., 16 hours / day of light, and a light intensity of not less than 3500 lx (the same for seedling culture, tuber culture, axillary bud induction, etc.);

[0008] S2. Seedling Culture

[0009] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, and the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and cultured at 20-24° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during the seedling culture.

[0010] S3. Tuber culture

[0011] After 30 days of potato seedling cultivation or when the plant height exceeds 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber formation culture or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber formation culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber formation nutrient solution, and the potato microtubers are cultured at 18-22° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day to obtain potato microtubers; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, and a spray head is set up at the root of the plant. The nutrient solution is transported by the water pump to the spray head for spraying the root with the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is sprayed every 7 minutes for 20 seconds each time. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during tuber formation culture;

[0012] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0013] After 30 days of culturing potato seedlings or when the plant height exceeds 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture. The seedlings without the top can be cultured for tuber formation or axillary bud induction after the top is cut off. During axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during axillary bud induction. The potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and again subjected to rooting culture.

[0014] S5, potato germination

[0015] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a combined treatment method of temperature and medicine to obtain mini-tuber with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; the young shoots of the mini-tuber with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0016] Optionally, the rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78 g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64 g / L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

[0017] Optionally, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of rooting agent A and rooting agent B is 0.5 g of rooting agent B per liter of rooting agent A.

[0018] Optionally, the top of the potato plant is immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes.

[0019] Optionally, the improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula.

[0020] Optionally, the improved tuber culture nutrient solution is 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula.

[0021] Optionally, the axillary bud induction nutrient solution is 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula.

[0022] Optionally, the method of combined temperature and agent treatment is specifically performed as follows: after washing and drying the harvested micro-tubers, store them in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soak them in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, store them in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then store them in a 20-24°C environment until they germinate.

[0023] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for the factory-based synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and micro-seed potatoes. (1) It does not require strict aseptic operation, is simple to operate, and has a lower cost than tissue culture seedlings. The seedlings are also more robust, and the stress resistance and yield of the plants after greenhouse planting are also improved to a certain extent. (2) The present invention carries out factory-based production under an artificially controlled environment, and the quality and yield of micro-seed potatoes are more stable. It can also achieve year-round uninterrupted circulation production as needed, without being restricted by seasons and local climate environments. (3) The present invention realizes the synchronous production, circulation production, and factory-based production of seedlings and micro-seed potatoes through improvements in cultivation layout, planting methods, nutritional regulation, and drug regulation. The production process does not require a strict aseptic environment and realizes open production. It is not restricted by seasons and climate environments and realizes year-round production. It can also control the production of seedlings and seed potatoes in different time periods according to actual production needs and the dormancy characteristics of the variety, thereby solving the problems of high cost, weak seedlings, mismatch between seed potato harvest time and planting time, and inability to achieve year-round circulation production in existing production technologies. (4) No hormones are used in the entire production process, including the rooting stage, germination stage, and growth stage, thus avoiding the harm caused by plant hormones in conventional rooting agents and germination agents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flow chart for conventional tissue culture seedling production;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of seedling production of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Cultivate distribution maps for the plant;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the embodiment and the tissue culture seedling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, a method for factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Rooting culture

[0031] Cut the top of a potato plant at 6-8 cm, soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormones, and then fix the top of the plant to a planting board. The planting board is placed on an opaque plastic box containing a 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C. The lower 1-2 cm of the top of the plant must be in contact with the liquid surface of the 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C. Rooting is cultured in an environment of 20-24°C and 16 hours / day of light.

[0032] S2. Seedling Culture

[0033] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained, and the diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and cultured at 20-24° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during the seedling culture.

[0034] S3. Tuber culture

[0035] After 30 days of potato seedling cultivation or when the plant height exceeds 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber formation culture or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber formation culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber formation nutrient solution, and the potato microtubers are cultured at 18-22° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day to obtain potato microtubers; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, and a spray head is set up at the root of the plant. The nutrient solution is transported by the water pump to the spray head for spraying the root with the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is sprayed every 7 minutes for 20 seconds each time. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during tuber formation culture;

[0036] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0037] After 30 days of culturing potato seedlings or when the plant height exceeds 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture. The seedlings without the top can be cultured for tuber formation or axillary bud induction after the top is cut off. During axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during axillary bud induction. The potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and again subjected to rooting culture.

[0038] S5, potato germination

[0039] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are germinated by a combined treatment method of temperature and medicine to obtain mini-tuber with sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; the young shoots of the mini-tuber with sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0040] In the present application, get the potato plant top and carry out rooting culture, cultivate about 4-7 days plant growth to be the potato seedling with new root, carry out seedling culture, cultivate about 30 days after plant growth to be the potato seedling of plant height more than 20cm, the potato seedling is cut the top, promptly obtain the new potato plant top and carry out the rooting culture of next cycle.The plant without the top after cutting the top is the topless seedling, and the seedling that does not cut the top is the potato virus-free seedling.The virus-free seedling can be used for the conventional cultivation production of potato.The topless seedling carries out the axillary bud induction or tuber formation culture of next step according to the demand in the actual production.When the axillary bud is cultivated to the potato plant axillary bud growing to about 8cm, the axillary bud can be cut and carried out the rooting culture of next cycle as the new potato plant top. The potatoes grown in tuber cultivation can be picked when the top seedlings grow to mature microtubers. After picking, they are graded according to the size of the tubers. The large potatoes can be used as microtuber seed potatoes for conventional potato cultivation and production, and the remaining microtuber small potatoes are germinated. When the sprouts grow to about 8 cm, the young sprouts are cut off as the tops of new potato plants for the next cycle of rooting culture.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution. The combined action of rooting agents A and B provides excellent root induction, while rooting agent C provides nutrients suitable for rooting. Together, these three agents achieve optimal rooting results.

[0042] As an optional embodiment, the mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5g of rooting agent B per liter of rooting agent A. The mixing ratio of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is further optimized to further improve the rooting effect.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the potato plant tops are immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes. Optimizing the soaking time can further improve the rooting effect.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, the improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula; the improved tuber culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 2 Hoagland, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; the axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 2 Hoagland, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are both adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula. The nutrients required by potato plants in the seedling stage are less than those required in the later growth stages. Therefore, when carrying out soilless cultivation of potatoes, the concentration of the nutrient solution used in the seedling stage is usually less than the concentration of the nutrient solution used in the later growth stages. In addition, potatoes are potassium-requiring plants, so the content of phosphorus and potassium elements is increased when potatoes are planted.

[0045] As an optional embodiment, the temperature- and agent-based combined treatment method specifically involves washing and drying the harvested microtubers, storing them at 4-6°C for 10 days, then soaking them in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, storing them at 30-37°C for 10 days, and then storing them at 20-24°C until they germinate. Soaking in the sodium metabisulfite solution effectively reduces the weight loss rate of the stored microtubers and increases the germination rate after 50 days of storage compared to microtubers not treated with sodium metabisulfite. Combined with the temperature-controlled treatment, the microtubers germinate faster and grow longer, achieving the desired bud length for the rooting culture of the present invention earlier.

[0046] Test Example 1

[0047] Experimental study on rooting nutrient solution. Using naphthaleneacetic acid, a conventional rooting agent, as the rooting agent, the lower part of the top of the virus-free potato seedlings was soaked in the rooting agent. The experiment was repeated three times, with 80 plants in each repeat. The conventional operation (rooting with clean water) was used as the control, and the effects of five rooting nutrient solutions on rooting were compared. Among them, treatment 4 (a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L diammonium phosphate solution, i.e. rooting agent C) had the best rooting effect. The rooting rate reached 100% on the 10th day, 2 days earlier than the control. The root length reached 11.63cm on the 30th day, an increase of 32.3% over the control. See the table below for details:

[0048] Table 1: Rooting nutrient solution test treatment settings

[0049]

[0050] Table 2: Rooting rate data table of rooting nutrient solution test

[0051]

[0052] Table 3: Root length data of rooting nutrient solution test

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Test Example 2

[0056] Rooting agent experimental study. Based on the rooting nutrient solution experimental study, the rooting effect of hydrogen peroxide as a rooting immersion agent in agent C rooting nutrient solution was studied. The experiment set up three replicates, each with 80 plants. The conventional rooting immersion agent naphthaleneacetic acid was used as a control. The effects of hydrogen peroxide on rooting at different concentrations were compared. Treatment 3 (0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, i.e., rooting agent A) had the best rooting effect, with a rooting rate of 100% on the 6th day, 4 days earlier than the control. Root length reached 12.63cm on the 30th day, a 7.7% increase over the control. See the table below for details:

[0057] Table 4: Rooting agent test treatment settings

[0058] Processing number Processing formula 1 0.1g / L naphthaleneacetic acid 2 0.003‰ hydrogen peroxide 3 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide 4 0.3‰ hydrogen peroxide 5 3‰ hydrogen peroxide 6 30‰ hydrogen peroxide 7 300‰ hydrogen peroxide

[0059] Table 5: Rooting rate data of rooting agent test

[0060]

[0061] Table 6: Root length data of rooting agent test

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Test Example 3

[0065] Experimental study of a composite rooting agent. Building on experimental research on rooting nutrient solutions and rooting agents, the rooting effects of composite rooting agents containing varying ratios of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate as rooting immersion agents in rooting agent C were investigated. Three replicates, each with 80 plants, were used. Using a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution as a control, the rooting effects of the various ratios of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate were compared. Treatment 1 (0.5g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, i.e., 0.5g of rooting agent B per liter of rooting agent A) achieved the best rooting effect, reaching 100% rooting rate by day 4, three days earlier than the control. Root length reached 17.21cm by day 30, a 52.2% increase over the control.

[0066] See the table below for details:

[0067] Table 7: Compound rooting agent test treatment settings

[0068] Processing number Treatment solution formulation 1 Add 0.50g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 2 Add 1.00g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 3 Add 0.25g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 4 Add 1.50g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 5 Add 0.15g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate per liter of 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution 6 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution

[0069] Table 8: Rooting rate data of compound rooting agent test

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 9: Root length data of compound rooting agent test

[0073]

[0074] Test Example 4

[0075] Rooting verification test of virus-free test tube seedlings of different varieties of potato: A composite rooting agent composed of rooting agent A and rooting agent B was used as a rooting soaking agent (soaking time was 10 minutes), and rooting agent C was used as a rooting nutrient solution. 12 potato varieties were selected and a rooting verification test was conducted under a light intensity of 3500-4000lx, a light duration of 16h / d, and an ambient temperature of 22±2°C. The test was repeated three times, with 300 plants in each repeat. Oxygen was introduced into the nutrient solution during the rooting period to maintain an oxygen concentration greater than 3mg / L. The rooting rate was measured on the 7th day of growth, and the rooting rate of the 12 potato varieties could reach more than 98%. See the table below for details:

[0076] Table 10: Rooting data of different varieties of virus-free potato test tube seedlings

[0077] variety Favorita Mira Chapoti Black Beauty Cooperation 88 Anshu 56 Rooting rate (%) 100 98.6 98.7 99.2 99.4 99.6 variety Sichuan taro breakfast Sichuan Taro No. 5 Sichuan Taro No. 6 Dashu No. 1 Da Yu No. 4 Da Yu No. 6 Rooting rate (%) 100 99.3 98.8 100 99.7 99.6

[0078] Test Example 5

[0079] Combined treatment of temperature and chemicals promotes seed potato germination

[0080] (1) Study on the effect of sodium metabisulfite on mini potato storage

[0081] The experiment involved four treatments (see Table 11 below), three replicates per treatment, and 100 minitubers per replicate. After 50 days, the weight loss and germination rates of the minitubers were measured (see Table 12 below). Sodium metabisulfite treatment effectively reduced the weight loss of minitubers during storage and increased the germination rate at 50 days compared to minitubers not treated with sodium metabisulfite.

[0082] Table 11: Processing settings table

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Table 12: Test results

[0086] Processing number 50-day weight loss rate 50-day germination rate 1 1.26％ 0％ 2 1.06％ 24％ 3 2.34％ 95％ 4 1.61％ 100％

[0087] (2) Effects of temperature change combined with sodium metabisulfite treatment on storage germination of mini-tubers

[0088] The experiment was conducted using six treatments (see Table 13 below), with three replicates per treatment and 100 microtubers per replicate. The germination rate of the microtubers was measured after 50 days, and the germination rate and sprout length of the microtubers were measured after 150 days (see Table 14 below). Treatment 6 (storage temperature 4-6°C for 10 days → soaking in 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour → storage temperature 30-37°C for 10 days → storage temperature 20-24°C) achieved a germination rate of 100% after 50 days of storage, and an average sprout length of 6.37 cm after 150 days. This showed faster germination and longer sprout length than the other treatments, achieving the desired sprout length for rooting culture according to the present invention earlier.

[0089] Table 13: Processing settings table

[0090]

[0091] Table 14: Test results

[0092] Processing number 50-day germination rate 150-day germination rate 150-day bud length (cm) 1 19％ 52％ 0.37 2 62％ 100％ 3.73 3 81％ 100％ 5.12 4 95％ 100％ 4.95 5 71％ 100％ 4.71 6 100％ 100％ 6.37

[0093] Example 1

[0094] A method for the factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes comprises the following steps:

[0095] S1. Rooting culture

[0096] Cut the top of the potato plant at 6-8 cm and soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormones for 10 minutes. The soaking depth should be enough to submerge 1-2 axillary buds below the top. Then fix the top of the potato plant on a planting board. The planting board is placed on an opaque plastic box. The plastic box contains a 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C. The bottom 1-2 cm of the planting top should be in contact with the surface of the 100-fold dilution of rooting agent C. 00-4000lx, 16h / d light duration environment for rooting; the rooting agent A is 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution; the mixing ratio of the mixture of the rooting agents A and B is 0.5g of rooting agent B per liter of rooting agent A; the oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 3mg / L;

[0097] S2. Seedling Culture

[0098] After 4-7 days of rooting culture, potato seedlings are obtained. The diluted solution of the rooting agent C is replaced with an improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and with a light intensity of 16 hours per day. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture, and the nutrient solution is replaced every 15 days during the seedling culture. The improved seedling culture nutrient solution has a 1 / 5 concentration and a phosphorus content that is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula. The oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 3 mg / L.

[0099] S3. Tuber culture

[0100] After 30 days of potato seedling cultivation or when the plant height is more than 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for tuber cultivation or axillary bud induction culture; during tuber cultivation, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved tuber cultivation nutrient solution, and the potato microtubers are cultivated in an environment of 18-22°C and a light duration of 16 hours / day to obtain potato microtubers; during cultivation, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, and a sprinkler head is set up at the root of the plant. The nutrient solution is transported to the sprinkler head by the water pump for root spraying, and the nutrient solution is sprayed once every 7 minutes for 20 seconds each time. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during tuber cultivation; the improved tuber cultivation nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; the oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 6 mg / L;

[0101] S4. Axillary bud induction

[0102] After culturing potato seedlings for 30 days or when the plant height exceeds 20 cm, potato seedlings are obtained, and the top 6-8 cm of the plant is cut off and transferred to rooting culture. The seedlings without the top of the plant can be cultured for tuber formation or axillary bud induction. During axillary bud induction, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and the seedlings are cultured at 20-24° C. and a light intensity of 16 hours per day to obtain potato seedlings with axillary buds. Oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture. The nutrient solution is replaced every 10 days during axillary bud induction. The axillary buds of the potato seedlings with axillary buds are cut off and rooted again. The axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula. The oxygen concentration is maintained at greater than 3 mg / L.

[0103] S5, potato germination

[0104] The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber sprouts; the mini-tuber sprouts are germinated by a combined temperature and drug treatment method; the harvested mini-tuber sprouts are washed and dried, stored in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soaked in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, stored in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then stored in a 20-24°C environment until sprouting to obtain sprouted mini-tuber sprouts; direct sunlight is avoided during germination; the young shoots of the sprouted mini-tuber sprouts are cut and rooting culture is performed again.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] The conventional tissue culture seedling production process is used for seedling cultivation. For specific process, see Figure 1 .

[0107] Table 15: Comparison of tissue culture seedling costs between Examples and Comparative Examples

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] Table 16: Comparison of seedlings of Example and Comparative Example

[0111]

[0112] The seed potato production test was conducted on 12 varieties of potatoes using the production method of the embodiment. The test was set up with 3 repetitions, each with 300 plants. After 100 days, seed potatoes with a single potato weight of >1g were harvested and counted, as shown in Table 17 below.

[0113] Table 17: Quality and yield data of different potato varieties

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] As can be seen from the above table, one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application also have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0117] (1) The production method of the present application has the best rooting effect for the production of seedlings, shortens the rooting time, improves production efficiency, and at the same time reduces the technical requirements and reduces production costs.

[0118] (2) The production method of the present application is suitable for the production of potato seedlings of different varieties, and has an excellent rooting rate.

[0119] (3) The production method of the present application effectively reduces the weight loss rate of stored mini-tubers and improves seedling quality and seed potato yield.

[0120] (4) The production method of the present application is not affected by the environment and can realize the synchronous production, circular production and factory production of seedlings and micro-seed potatoes without interruption throughout the year.

Claims

1. A method for the factory-scale synchronous circulation production of potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Rooting culture: Cut the top of the potato plant and soak it in a mixture of rooting agent A and rooting agent B without hormones. Then, fix the top of the potato plant on a planting plate for rooting culture. The planting plate is placed on an opaque plastic box containing a diluted solution of rooting agent C. The lower part of the planting top must contact the liquid surface of the diluted solution of rooting agent C. S2. Seedling culture: After the rooting culture, the potato seedlings are obtained, and the diluted solution of rooting agent C is replaced with an improved seedling culture nutrient solution. The potato seedlings are cultured in the improved seedling culture nutrient solution, and oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution during the culture. S3. Potato seedling cultivation: potato plant seedlings are cultured to obtain potato seedlings, the plant tops are cut off and transferred to rooting culture, and the top seedlings without tops are cut off for potato culture or axillary bud induction culture; during potato culture, the seedling culture nutrient solution is replaced with an improved potato culture nutrient solution, and potato mini-tubers are cultured in the improved potato culture nutrient solution; during culture, a water pump is connected to the nutrient solution, and a spray head is set up at the root of the plant, and the nutrient solution is transported by the water pump to the spray head for spraying the nutrient solution on the roots; S4. Axillary bud induction potato plant seedling culture to obtain potato seedlings, cutting the plant tops and transferring them to rooting culture, cutting the topless seedlings to tuber culture or axillary bud induction; during axillary bud induction, replacing the seedling culture nutrient solution with an improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution, and culturing potato seedlings with axillary buds in the improved axillary bud induction nutrient solution; during the culture, oxygen is introduced into the nutrient solution; cutting the axillary buds from the potato seedlings with axillary buds and performing rooting culture again; S5, accelerating the sprouting of small potatoes: The potato mini-tubers are graded to obtain mini-tuber seed potatoes and mini-tuber small potatoes; the mini-tuber small potatoes are accelerated to obtain sprouted small potatoes by a combined treatment method of temperature and medicine; direct sunlight is avoided during the germination; young shoots of the sprouted small potatoes are cut and rooted again; The rooting agent A is a 0.03‰ hydrogen peroxide solution, the rooting agent B is solid ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and the rooting agent C is a mixture of 21.78g / L potassium nitrate and 1.64g / L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution; The improved seedling culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 / 5, and its phosphorus content is 2-2.5 times that of the 1 / 5 Hoagland formula; The improved tuber culture nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus content is adjusted to 1.4 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula, and its potassium content is adjusted to 2.2 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; The axillary bud induction nutrient solution is a 1 / 2 concentration Hoagland nutrient solution, and its phosphorus and potassium contents are adjusted to 1.6 times that of the 1 / 2 Hoagland formula; The specific operation of the temperature-agent combined treatment method is: after washing and drying the harvested micro-tubers, store them in a 4-6°C environment for 10 days, then soak them in a 0.1% sodium metabisulfite solution for 1 hour, store them in a 30-37°C environment for 10 days, and then store them in a 20-24°C environment until they germinate.

2. The method for producing potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes in a factory-scale synchronous cycle according to claim 1, wherein: The mixing ratio of the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B is 0.5 g of the rooting agent B per liter of the rooting agent A.

3. A method for synchronously circulating potato seedlings and miniature seed potatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the potato plant is immersed in the mixed solution of the rooting agent A and the rooting agent B for 10 minutes.

Images