Preparation method of soft capsule for leech culture

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a soft capsule for leech culture, which comprises the following steps: cutting off the tails of snails, and removing the shells of the snails to obtain snail meat; centrifuging the snail meat, and reserving supernate to obtain snail blood; the method comprises the following steps: filtering and purifying snail blood, adding an anti-blood-coagulation substance into the filtered snail blood to obtain snail blood subjected to anti-blood-coagulation treatment, and sterilizing to obtain sterilized snail blood; and filling the sterilized snail blood into the capsule material, and preparing into a sausage shape to obtain the soft capsule for leech culture. The capsule is prepared by extracting the blood of the snails, so that the survival rate of leech breeding can be increased, the intestinal bacterial infection caused by non-fresh snails and the cost of adjusting water quality indexes are reduced, meanwhile, it is guaranteed that the leeches suck the fresh blood of the snails, and waste is reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for preparing soft capsules for leech culture. Background Art

[0002] Leeches are organisms with high medicinal and economic value. They have certain medicinal effects in reducing swelling and blood stasis, dispersing knots and promoting menstruation, reducing swelling and removing accumulation, and reducing inflammation and detoxification. As a traditional Chinese medicinal material, its dried whole body is flat in nature, salty and bitter in taste, slightly toxic, and has great medicinal development value. Leech saliva contains substances such as hirudin, antithromboxane, and heparin. Among them, hirudin is an anticoagulant substance that has the effects of relieving spasms, lowering blood pressure, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Therefore, artificial breeding of leeches has broad market development prospects. Leeches are omnivorous animals. The main natural bait is freshwater snails, water earthworms and some insects. Artificial breeding can be fed with animal blood, viscera, fish, shrimp, snails, and compound feed and crop straw. Among them, snails are the main bait of leeches, but leeches only suck snail blood and do not eat snail meat. After the snails are sucked of blood, their muscles and viscera decompose in the aquaculture water, causing water quality indicators such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite to rise, which need to be adjusted through microorganisms, algae, aquatic plants, etc. For leech breeding companies, this not only wastes a lot of high-quality protein from high-quality snails, but also invests a lot of money in treating the aquaculture water. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing soft capsules for leech breeding in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The method extracts the blood of snails to make capsules, which can not only improve the survival rate of leech breeding, reduce intestinal bacterial infection caused by stale snails and the cost of adjusting water quality indicators, but also ensure that leeches suck fresh snail blood, thereby minimizing waste.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing soft capsules for leech breeding, the method comprising:

[0005] S1. Cut off the tail of the snail, remove the snail shell, and obtain the snail meat;

[0006] S2, centrifuging the snail meat obtained in S1, retaining the supernatant, and obtaining snail blood;

[0007] S3, after filtering and purifying the snail blood obtained in S2, adding an anticoagulant substance to the filtered snail blood to obtain anticoagulant treated snail blood;

[0008] S4, sterilizing the snail blood after anticoagulation treatment obtained in S3 to obtain sterilized snail blood;

[0009] S5. Pour the sterilized snail blood obtained in S4 into capsule material to make it into sausage shape, thereby obtaining soft capsules for leech culture.

[0010] Preferably, the centrifugal speed in S2 is 4000 r / min, and the centrifugal time is 10 min.

[0011] Preferably, the anticoagulant substance in S3 is anticoagulant heparin or blood anticoagulant.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the filtered snail blood to the anticoagulant substance in S3 is 3:1.

[0013] Preferably, the sterilization method in S4 is: temperature is 85°C to 100°C, and time is 2 hours.

[0014] Preferably, the capsule material in S5 is porcine small intestine, edible artificial casing or a material prepared from pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch, carrageenan, glycerin and purified water.

[0015] Preferably, the soft capsule for leech culture described in S5 has a length of 1 cm to 2 cm, a width of 0.2 cm to 0.5 cm, and a height of 0.1 cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The invention extracts snail blood and makes capsules, which can not only improve the survival rate of leech farming and reduce the cost of intestinal bacterial infection and water quality adjustment caused by stale snails, but also ensure that leeches suck fresh snail blood to minimize waste.

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1

[0020] The preparation method of the soft capsule for leech breeding of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0021] S1. Cut off the tail of the snail, remove the snail shell, and obtain the snail meat;

[0022] S2, centrifuging the snail meat obtained in S1 at a rotation speed of 4000 r / min for 10 min, retaining the supernatant to obtain snail blood;

[0023] S3, filtering and purifying the snail blood obtained in S2 by a low-temperature ethanol method, adding an anticoagulant (anticoagulant heparin) to the filtered snail blood to obtain anticoagulant treated snail blood; the mass ratio of the filtered snail blood to the anticoagulant is 3:1;

[0024] The anticoagulant heparin was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute;

[0025] Low-temperature ethanol method ("Kong's method"): Using snail blood as raw material, gradually lowering the pH value (from 7.0 to 4.0), increasing the ethanol concentration from 0 to 40%, and lowering the temperature from 2°C to -2°C. Under different conditions, various proteins will be precipitated from the solution in the form of components (crude products) and separated by filtration;

[0026] S4, sterilizing the snail blood after anticoagulation treatment obtained in S3 at 85° C. for 2 h to obtain sterilized snail blood;

[0027] S5. The sterilized snail blood obtained in S4 is poured into capsule material (pig small intestine) to make it into a sausage shape, thereby obtaining a soft capsule for leech culture.

[0028] The prepared soft capsule for leech culture has a length of 2 cm, a width of 0.5 cm and a height of 0.1 cm.

[0029] The capsule material is made of pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch, carrageenan, glycerin and purified water. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0030] The capsule material is prepared by including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch, 1 part of carrageenan, 50 parts of glycerol, and 100 parts of purified water.

[0031] The preparation method is:

[0032] Step 1, weighing the amount of pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch, carrageenan, glycerin and purified water, heating and stirring at 90° C. for 2 hours to fully dissolve, vacuum degassing and standing for 1 hour to obtain a capsule material solution;

[0033] Step 2, filling and drying: After being prepared by the rotary rolling mold method, the soft capsules are transferred into a rotating cage for drying to obtain soft capsules.

[0034] The soft capsule for leech culture prepared in this embodiment is used for feeding leeches.

[0035] When leeches are at the 0-0.3g stage, it is appropriate to feed them snails that are 3-4 times their body weight;

[0036] At the 0.3-1g stage, snails 1-3 times their body weight should be fed;

[0037] At the 1-3g stage, feed snails about twice their body weight;

[0038] When leeches are 3 to 6g in size, it is appropriate to feed them with snails that are 0.8 to 1 times their body weight.

[0039] When the mass of leeches is greater than 6g, feed them with 0.7 to 1 times the mass of snails, and all the snails of corresponding weight are centrifuged to make snail blood capsules for feeding.

[0040] In this embodiment, the blood of snails is extracted to make capsules, which can not only improve the survival rate of leech farming, reduce the cost of intestinal bacterial infection caused by stale snails and adjusting water quality indicators, but also ensure that leeches suck fresh snail blood to minimize waste.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The preparation method of the soft capsule for leech breeding of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0043] S1. Cut off the tail of the snail, remove the snail shell, and obtain the snail meat;

[0044] S2, centrifuging the snail meat obtained in S1 at a rotation speed of 4000 r / min for 10 min, retaining the supernatant to obtain snail blood;

[0045] S3, after the snail blood obtained in S2 is filtered and purified by low-temperature ethanol, an anticoagulant (blood anticoagulant) is added to the filtered snail blood to obtain anticoagulant treated snail blood; the mass ratio of the filtered snail blood to the anticoagulant is 3:1;

[0046] The blood anticoagulant was MAS, 0.1 M glucose, 15 mmol / L trisodium citrate, 13 mmol / L citric acid, 10 mmol / L ETA, 45 mmol / L sodium chloride, pH 7.0;

[0047] S4, sterilizing the snail blood after anticoagulation treatment obtained in S3 at a temperature of 100° C. for 2 h to obtain sterilized snail blood;

[0048] S5. Fill the sterilized snail blood obtained in S4 into capsule material (edible artificial casing) to make it into a sausage shape, thereby obtaining a soft capsule for leech culture.

[0049] The prepared soft capsule for leech culture has a length of 1 cm, a width of 0.2 cm and a height of 0.1 cm.

[0050] The soft capsule for leech culture prepared in this embodiment is used for feeding leeches.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The preparation method of the soft capsule for leech breeding of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0053] S1. Cut off the tail of the snail, remove the snail shell, and obtain the snail meat;

[0054] S2, centrifuging the snail meat obtained in S1 at a rotation speed of 4000 r / min for 10 min, retaining the supernatant to obtain snail blood;

[0055] S3, filtering and purifying the snail blood obtained in S2 by a low-temperature ethanol method, adding an anticoagulant (anticoagulant heparin) to the filtered snail blood to obtain anticoagulant treated snail blood; the mass ratio of the filtered snail blood to the anticoagulant is 3:1;

[0056] The anticoagulant heparin was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute;

[0057] S4, sterilizing the snail blood after anticoagulation treatment obtained in S3 at 100° C. for 2 h to obtain sterilized snail blood;

[0058] S5. The sterilized snail blood obtained in S4 is poured into capsule material (pig small intestine) to make it into a sausage shape, thereby obtaining a soft capsule for leech culture.

[0059] The prepared soft capsule for leech culture has a length of 1.5 cm, a width of 0.3 cm and a height of 0.1 cm.

[0060] The soft capsule for leech culture prepared in this embodiment is used for feeding leeches.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing soft capsules for leech cultivation, characterized in that: The method is: S1. Cut off the tail of the snail, remove the snail shell, and obtain the snail meat; S2, centrifuging the snail meat obtained in S1, retaining the supernatant, and obtaining snail blood; S3, after filtering and purifying the snail blood obtained in S2, adding an anticoagulant substance to the filtered snail blood to obtain anticoagulant treated snail blood; S4, sterilizing the snail blood after anticoagulation treatment obtained in S3 to obtain sterilized snail blood; S5. Pour the sterilized snail blood obtained in S4 into capsule material to make it into sausage shape, thereby obtaining soft capsules for leech culture.

2. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal speed in S2 is 4000 r / min, and the centrifugal time is 10 min.

3. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anticoagulant substance in S3 is anticoagulant heparin or blood anticoagulant.

4. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the filtered snail blood to the anticoagulant substance in S3 is 3:

1.

5. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sterilization method described in S4 is: temperature is 85°C to 100°C, and time is 2h.

6. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule material described in S5 is porcine small intestine, edible artificial casing or a material prepared from pregelatinized hydroxypropyl starch, carrageenan, glycerin and purified water.

7. The method for preparing a soft capsule for leech cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft capsule for leech culture described in S5 has a length of 1 cm to 2 cm, a width of 0.2 cm to 0.5 cm, and a height of 0.1 cm.