Mineral processing methods for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores

Abstract

This application provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, belonging to the field of comprehensive mineral resource utilization technology. This application utilizes a process flow involving mixed flotation of fluorite-rare earth elements and barite, flotation of fluorite-partially rare earth elements and barite, strong magnetic gravity separation of fluorite-remaining rare earth elements, and strong magnetic gravity separation of a small portion of rare earth elements and barite. This not only efficiently recovers rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite, avoiding the waste of associated resources, but also simplifies the operation process, makes the process more stable, and significantly reduces mineral processing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, specifically to a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth elements are a group of elements with unique physicochemical properties. Due to these properties, they play an indispensable role in modern industry and high-tech fields, serving as key minerals for global economic development and social progress. Therefore, they are hailed as the "MSG of industry" and the "mother of new materials." Fluorite and barite, as two important non-metallic minerals, also have wide and significant applications in industry.

[0003] Carbonate-type rare earth ores are mainly composed of bastnaesite and bastnaesite-calcium bastnaesite. Common associated gangue minerals include barite and fluorite. These minerals have similar floatability and often have complex association relationships, making them difficult to separate. Therefore, improving the comprehensive utilization level of fluorite and barite in carbonate-type rare earth ores plays a positive role in achieving comprehensive resource utilization.

[0004] Currently, the commonly used beneficiation methods for processing this type of ore include single beneficiation processes and combined beneficiation processes. Single beneficiation processes mainly include single flotation, single gravity separation, and single magnetic separation. While single flotation has a good recovery effect on fine-grained rare earth elements and ensures a high recovery rate, it requires the addition of large amounts of sulfuric acid to suppress fluorite minerals during the refining process. Sulfuric acid is a hazardous chemical, posing significant safety hazards in actual production and being environmentally unfriendly. Furthermore, the suppressed fluorite minerals are difficult to reactivate and recover. Single gravity separation can obtain high-grade rare earth concentrates, but the recovery rate is low, and fluorite and barite in the gravity separation tailings are difficult to enrich and recover, resulting in the waste of associated resources. Single magnetic separation is similar to single gravity separation, obtaining high-grade rare earth concentrates, but the recovery rate is low, and fluorite and barite in the magnetic separation tailings cannot be recovered through magnetic separation, resulting in the waste of associated resources. Combined mineral processing technologies mainly include magnetic separation-gravity separation, gravity separation-flotation, and magnetic separation-flotation. Although the magnetic separation-gravity separation combined process can obtain better rare earth concentrate indicators, its application range is narrow and it is not suitable for ores with fine-grained disseminated particles and complex mineral compositions. Moreover, this process has poor recovery effects on associated fluorite and barite in the ore. The gravity separation-flotation combined process recovers coarse-grained minerals through gravity separation and fine-grained minerals through flotation. However, the gravity separation tailings need to be concentrated before entering the flotation operation, which requires the addition of concentration equipment in actual production, increasing the mineral processing cost. The magnetic separation-flotation combined process also requires the addition of concentration equipment in actual production to concentrate the magnetic separation tailings, increasing the mineral processing cost.

[0005] In summary, the existing technologies for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores suffer from low efficiency, high cost, and low concentrate grade, which have become technical problems that urgently need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a mineral processing method for simultaneously recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, aiming to solve the problems of low recovery efficiency, high recovery cost and low concentrate grade of rare earth, fluorite and barite in carbonate rare earth ores in existing mineral processing technologies.

[0007] This application provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. After crushing the raw ore, grind it into a fine powder and add water to obtain the raw ore slurry;

[0009] S2. The raw ore slurry is subjected to roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings;

[0010] S3. The mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite is subjected to fine and fine separation operations in sequence to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine and rough separation tailings.

[0011] S4. The fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1. Then, the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1. The magnetic separation tailings 1 and gravity separation tailings 1 are combined into fluorite concentrate.

[0012] S5. The tailings from the roughing and finishing processes are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic tailings 2. The rare earth rough concentrate 2 is then subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity tailings 2. The magnetic tailings 2 and gravity tailings 2 are combined and entered into a second gravity separation operation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the process flow of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-remaining rare earth strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small portion of rare earth-barite strong magnetic gravity separation achieves efficient recovery of rare earth, fluorite and barite, avoids the waste of associated resources, and obtains high-grade rare earth concentrate, especially for neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide, which can reach high valuation standards. Moreover, the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the beneficiation cost is significantly reduced.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S1, the content of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 60-65%; the concentration of the raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

[0015] In this embodiment, the raw ore is ground into a slurry for mineral processing.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of water glass used is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, with a amount of 150-300 g / t.

[0017] In this embodiment, water glass inhibitor is added during the roughing operation to selectively inhibit silicate minerals (quartz, feldspar, calcite, etc.), while sodium oleate collector is added to flotate and collect rare earth, fluorite, and barite, thereby obtaining a roughing mixed concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step S3, the flotation process is repeated seven times; the flotation reagents used in the roughing and cleaning processes and the seven cleaning processes include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the roughing and cleaning processes, the amount of acidified water glass used is 1200–1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate used is 400–600 g / t; in the seven cleaning processes, the amount of acidified water glass used is 600–800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate used is 200–300 g / t. The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid at a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0019] In this embodiment, acidified water glass is added to the roughing and finishing operations and the seven finishing operations to inhibit the flotation of silicate and carbonate minerals; sodium sulfate is used as a barite inhibitor to suppress barite in the mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite, resulting in a mixed fluorite-rare earth concentrate and roughing and finishing tailings.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

[0021] In this embodiment, rare earth elements in the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate are recovered by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

[0023] In this embodiment, rare earth elements are recovered from the roughing and cleaning tailings by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic separation tailings 2.

[0024] In some embodiments, the device used for the reselection operation in step S4 refers to a shaking table device.

[0025] In this embodiment, rare earth elements are recovered from rare earth concentrate 1 by gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1.

[0026] In some embodiments, in step S5, the equipment used for the first reselection operation is a shaking table; the equipment used for the second reselection operation is a spiral chute.

[0027] In this embodiment, the rare earth elements in the rare earth concentrate 2 are separated by a first gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity separation tailings 2; the barite in the magnetic separation tailings 2 and gravity separation tailings 2 is recovered by a second gravity separation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores in Example 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application are described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly, and are therefore only examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0032] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0033] To address the problems of low recovery efficiency, high recovery cost, and low concentrate grade of rare earth elements (REEs), fluorite, and barite in existing mineral processing technologies for carbonate-type REE ores, this application provides a mineral processing method for recovering REEs, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type REE ores. Through a process flow involving fluorite-REE-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial REE-barite flotation, fluorite-residual REE strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small portion of REE-barite strong magnetic gravity separation, this method not only efficiently recovers REEs, fluorite, and barite, avoiding the waste of associated resources, but also simplifies the operation process, makes the process more stable, and significantly reduces mineral processing costs.

[0034] This application provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. After crushing and grinding the raw ore, water is added to obtain raw ore slurry;

[0036] S2. The raw ore slurry is subjected to roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings;

[0037] S3. The mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite is subjected to fine and fine separation operations in sequence to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine and rough separation tailings.

[0038] S4. The fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1. Then, the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1. The magnetic separation tailings 1 and gravity separation tailings 1 are combined into fluorite concentrate.

[0039] S5. The tailings from the roughing and finishing processes are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic tailings 2. The rare earth rough concentrate 2 is then subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity tailings 2. The magnetic tailings 2 and gravity tailings 2 are combined and entered into a second gravity separation operation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0040] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the process flow of fluorite-rare earth-barite mixed flotation, fluorite-partial rare earth-barite flotation, fluorite-remaining rare earth strong magnetic gravity separation, and a small portion of rare earth-barite strong magnetic gravity separation achieves efficient recovery of rare earth, fluorite and barite, avoids the waste of associated resources, and obtains high-grade rare earth concentrate, especially for neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide, which can reach high valuation standards. Moreover, the operation process is simplified, the process is more stable, and the beneficiation cost is significantly reduced.

[0041] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S1, the content of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 60-65%; the concentration of raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

[0042] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the raw ore is ground into a slurry for mineral processing.

[0043] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of water glass used is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, with a usage of 150-300 g / t. It should be noted that all reagent dosages in this application refer to the dosage relative to the raw ore, i.e., the mass of reagent required per ton of raw ore, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0044] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, water glass inhibitor is added to selectively inhibit silicate minerals (quartz, feldspar and calcite, etc.) during the roughing operation, while sodium oleate collector is added to flotate and collect rare earth, fluorite and barite, thereby obtaining roughing mixed concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0045] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S3, the refining operation is performed seven times; the flotation reagents used in the roughing and refining operations and the seven refining operations include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the roughing and refining operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 1200-1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 400-600 g / t; in the seven refining operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 600-800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 200-300 g / t. The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid at a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0046] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, acidified water glass is added to the roughing and finishing operations and the seven-stage cleaning operation to inhibit the flotation of silicate minerals and carbonate minerals; sodium sulfate is used as a barite inhibitor to inhibit barite in the mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite, so as to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and roughing and finishing tailings.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

[0048] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, rare earth in fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is recovered by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

[0050] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, rare earth elements are recovered from the roughing and cleaning tailings by strong magnetic separation, thereby obtaining rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic separation tailings 2.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S4, the reselection device refers to a shaking table device of various industrial models.

[0052] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, rare earth is recovered from rare earth crude concentrate 1 by gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S5, the first reselection device refers to the shaking table equipment of various industrial models; the second reselection device refers to the spiral chute equipment of various industrial models.

[0054] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the rare earth in the rare earth crude concentrate 2 is separated by the first gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity separation tailings 2; the barite in the magnetic separation tailings 2 and gravity separation tailings 2 is recovered by the second gravity separation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0055] The following are some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores. The mineral processing flow diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0058] 1. Crush the raw ore to -2mm, then wet grind it to a fineness of -0.074mm (62.37%), and then add water to bring the slurry concentration to 33%.

[0059] 2. The slurry is fed into a flotation machine, and 1500g / t water glass and 200g / t sodium oleate are added to carry out one roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings (i.e. tailings 1).

[0060] 3. Add 1400g / t of acidified water glass and 400g / t of sodium sulfate to the mixed rough concentrate for one fine-roughing operation, then add 700g / t of acidified water glass and 200g / t of sodium sulfate for seven fine-refinement closed-circuit tests, and return the middlings in sequence to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine-roughing tailings.

[0061] 4. The fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation under a magnetic field strength of 1.4T to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1. The rare earth rough concentrate 1 is then subjected to shaking table gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1. The magnetic separation tailings 1 and gravity separation tailings 1 are mixed to obtain fluorite concentrate.

[0062] 5. The tailings from the roughing and finishing processes are subjected to magnetic separation under a magnetic field strength of 1.4T to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic tailings 2; then the rare earth rough concentrate 2 is subjected to shaking table gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity tailings 2; the magnetic tailings 2 and gravity tailings 2 are mixed and fed into a spiral sluice for gravity separation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

[0063] The source and performance parameters of the ore sample are as follows: The raw ore is a low-grade rare earth mine in Henan Province. The main elements available for beneficiation and enrichment of the raw ore are rare earth and fluorite, with grades of 1.31% and 17.91%, respectively. The main rare earth element is cerium oxide (accounting for 52.96% of the total rare earth), followed by lanthanum oxide (accounting for 27.23% of the total rare earth). It belongs to the carbonate type rare earth. The gangue minerals are mainly composed of quartz, calcite, orthoclase, biotite, barite, etc., with barite grade of 2.17%, which can be comprehensively recovered as an associated mineral.

[0064] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in this embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Separation Indicators of Carbonate-Type Rare Earth Minerals in Example 1

[0066]

[0067] According to the beneficiation method of this embodiment, rare earth concentrate product 1 with a yield of 0.83%, REO grade of 67.47%, and recovery rate of 42.77% can be obtained; rare earth concentrate product 2 with a yield of 0.66%, REO grade of 54.31%, and recovery rate of 27.37% can be obtained; the total rare earth concentrate yield is 1.49%, REO grade is 61.64%, and total recovery rate is 70.14%; fluorite concentrate product with a yield of 15.23%, CaF2 grade of 94.23%, and recovery rate of 80.13% can be obtained; and barite product with a yield of 1.73%, BaSO4 grade of 90.12%, and recovery rate of 72.00% can be obtained. Analysis shows that the total content of neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide in the rare earth concentrates is greater than 15%.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite and barite from carbonate rare earth ores. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the source of the selected raw ore is different. The other steps are roughly the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again here.

[0070] The source and performance parameters of the mineral sample are as follows: The raw ore is a low-grade rare earth ore in Sichuan Province. The REO grade in the raw ore is 1.65%. Cerium and lanthanum are the main rare earth elements in the mineral sample. The grades of fluorite and barite are relatively low, at 16.66% and 2.65% respectively. The gangue minerals are mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, calcite, mica and other minerals.

[0071] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in this embodiment are shown in Table 2.

[0072] Table 2 Separation Indicators of Carbonate-Type Rare Earth Minerals in Example 2

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the comparison of the test results in Table 2 with those in Example 1, the mineral processing flow of this application is stable, has a high recovery effect on different raw ores, and the rare earth concentrate obtained is of high grade.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] This comparative example provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores. The difference from Example 1 lies in the mineral processing steps. The raw ore slurry is first subjected to flotation to obtain a rare earth-fluorite-barite rough concentrate and flotation tailings (i.e., tailings 1). Then, the rare earth-fluorite-barite rough concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain a rare earth concentrate and magnetic separation tailings. Finally, the magnetic separation tailings are concentrated and adjusted for flotation separation to obtain rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite. The rare earth-fluorite rough concentrate and the rare earth-barite rough concentrate are then subjected to spiral sluice gravity separation to obtain barite rough concentrate and gravity separation tailings (i.e., tailings 2). The rare earth-fluorite rough concentrate and the barite rough concentrate are then separated and impurities are removed by strong magnetic separation. The resulting magnetically separated concentrates are rare earth secondary concentrate 1 and rare earth secondary concentrate 2, and the magnetically separated tailings are fluorite concentrate and barite concentrate, respectively. The other steps are roughly the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 3.

[0078] Table 3 Separation Indicators of Carbonate-Type Rare Earth Minerals in Comparative Example 1

[0079]

[0080] As can be seen from the test results of Comparative Example 1 in Table 3, the process of flotation-magnetic separation-flotation-gravity separation-magnetic separation for beneficiation of rare earth, fluorite and barite in carbonate rare earth ores can yield rare earth concentrate with a total yield of 2.04%, REO grade of 47.85% and total recovery of 74.42%; fluorite concentrate with a yield of 14.16%, CaF2 grade of 94.78% and recovery of 74.94%; and barite concentrate with a yield of 1.65%, BaSO4 grade of 90.47% and recovery of 68.81%. The rare earth concentrate grade is relatively low, and the total content of neodymium oxide and praseodymium oxide in the concentrate is less than 15%, which makes it impossible to obtain a high valuation standard.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] Comparative Example 2 provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores. The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that the mineral processing steps are different. In Comparative Example 2, the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is first subjected to shaking table gravity separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1. Then, the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to magnetic separation under a magnetic field strength of 1.4T to obtain magnetic separation tailings 1 and rare earth concentrate 1. The magnetic separation tailings 1 and gravity separation tailings 1 are mixed to obtain fluorite concentrate. Other steps are roughly the same as in Example 1 and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] The test results of the separation index of carbonate rare earth ore in Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 4.

[0084] Table 4 Separation Indicators of Carbonate-Type Rare Earth Minerals in Comparative Example 2

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from the test results of Comparative Example 2 in Table 4, the rare earth concentrate product with a total yield of 1.07%, REO grade of 60.28%, and total recovery rate of 49.25% can be obtained by using a process of gravity separation followed by magnetic separation on the fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate. The recovery rate is relatively low.

[0087] In summary, this application provides a mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate rare earth ores, belonging to the field of comprehensive mineral resource utilization technology. Through a process flow involving mixed flotation of fluorite-rare earth elements and barite, flotation of fluorite-partially rare earth elements and barite, strong magnetic gravity separation of fluorite-remaining rare earth elements, and strong magnetic gravity separation of a small portion of rare earth elements and barite, not only are rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite efficiently recovered, avoiding the waste of associated resources, but the operation process is also simplified, more stable, and the mineral processing cost is significantly reduced.

[0088] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After crushing the raw ore, grind it into a fine powder and add water to obtain the raw ore slurry; S2. The raw ore slurry is subjected to roughing operation to obtain a mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite and roughing tailings; S3. The mixed rough concentrate of rare earth-fluorite-barite is subjected to fine and fine separation operations in sequence to obtain fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate and fine and rough separation tailings. S4. The fluorite-rare earth mixed concentrate is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 1 and magnetic separation tailings 1. Then, the rare earth rough concentrate 1 is subjected to gravity separation to obtain rare earth concentrate 1 and gravity separation tailings 1. The magnetic separation tailings 1 and gravity separation tailings 1 are combined into fluorite concentrate. S5. The tailings from the roughing and finishing processes are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain rare earth rough concentrate 2 and magnetic tailings 2. The rare earth rough concentrate 2 is then subjected to a first gravity separation operation to obtain rare earth concentrate 2 and gravity tailings 2. The magnetic tailings 2 and gravity tailings 2 are combined and entered into a second gravity separation operation to obtain barite concentrate and tailings 2.

2. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the grinding fineness refers to the content of ore with a grinding fineness of -0.074 mm being 60-65%; the concentration of the raw ore slurry is 33-35%.

3. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the flotation reagents used in the roughing operation include water glass and a collector; the amount of water glass used is 1000-2000 g / t, and the collector is sodium oleate, with a amount of 150-300 g / t.

4. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the refining operation is performed seven times; the flotation reagents used in the roughing and refining operations and the seven refining operations include acidified water glass and sodium sulfate; in the roughing and refining operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 1200-1600 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 400-600 g / t; in the seven refining operations, the amount of acidified water glass is 600-800 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfate is 200-300 g / t.

5. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

6. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation operation is 1.2 to 1.5T, and the magnetic separation operation adopts a coarse-scan process.

7. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sodium oleate is produced by saponifying oleic acid and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1:

2.

8. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 4, characterized in that, The acidified water glass is prepared by mixing water glass stock solution and dilute sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:

1.

9. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the equipment used for the reselection operation refers to a shaking table.

10. The mineral processing method for recovering rare earth elements, fluorite, and barite from carbonate-type rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the equipment used in the first re-selection operation refers to a shaking table; the equipment used in the second re-selection operation refers to a spiral chute.

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