A coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine goaf subsidence monitoring, and particularly relates to a coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, which comprises a shell and a controller, the controller is arranged in the shell, the top of the shell is provided with a plurality of anchoring assemblies, a mechanical sensor for detecting the pulling force of the shell on the anchoring assembly is arranged at the connecting position of each anchoring assembly and the shell, a plurality of monitoring assemblies for detecting the surface subsidence are arranged staggeredly in the shell, and an offset detection assembly is arranged in the shell; each anchoring assembly comprises an anchoring column and an anchoring pipe, a storage cavity for storing anchoring liquid is formed in the anchoring column, one end of the anchoring pipe is communicated with the inside of the shell, and a pump assembly for pumping the anchoring liquid into the inside of the shell is communicated with the other end of the anchoring pipe. Through the cooperative work of the anchoring column, the anchoring pipe and the pump assembly, the stability of the shell is realized, the influence of the overall movement of the device on the monitoring data is reduced, and the monitoring accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine goaf area settlement monitoring, and in particular to a coal mine goaf area surface settlement monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] The coal mining industry refers to industries primarily engaged in the mining, processing, and sale of coal. Large-scale utilization of coal as both an energy source and a raw material began with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, when coal became the primary energy source for steam engines. With the acceleration of industrialization, the coal mining industry underwent a transition from small-scale manual mining to modern mechanized mining.

[0003] Coal mine safety is a crucial aspect of the coal mining industry. Both the government and businesses attach great importance to coal mine safety and have implemented a series of measures to ensure safe production. These measures include establishing a comprehensive emergency rescue system, improving emergency response speed and handling capabilities, and minimizing casualties and property losses. Monitoring surface subsidence in coal mine goafs is a key focus. This monitoring can identify changing subsidence trends and provide early warnings for mine safety. When ground subsidence reaches a certain level, mine operations must be adjusted or suspended to prevent mine accidents. Furthermore, mine subsidence can cause surface cracks and deformation, leading to geological disasters. Subsidence monitoring can provide early warning of these disasters and allow for the implementation of appropriate preventive and control measures. Therefore, monitoring devices are often used for real-time monitoring.

[0004] Most of the existing surface settlement monitoring devices for coal mine goafs are composed of a shell and detection components integrated therein. During monitoring, the shell is buried in the detection area to perform real-time detection. Although this method can accurately monitor small surface settlement amplitudes in coal mine goafs relatively quickly, the device as a whole is buried in the soil layer. When the surface settlement area of ​​the coal mine goaf is large or the settlement amplitude is large, not only the detection components will move, but also the device as a whole will move, thereby reducing the accuracy of the monitoring data and possibly causing subsequent safety problems. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a surface settlement monitoring device for coal mine goafs, which, after being buried in the soil layer of the coal mine goaf, can reduce the impact of the overall movement of the device on the monitoring data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surface subsidence monitoring device for a coal mine goaf, comprising a housing and a controller;

[0007] The controller is arranged inside the shell, and a plurality of anchoring assemblies connected to the interior of the shell are arranged on the top of the shell for limiting the movement of the shell in the soil layer. Mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell on the anchoring assemblies are arranged at the connection between the anchoring assemblies and the shell. A plurality of monitoring assemblies for detecting surface settlement are staggered inside the shell. An offset detection assembly for detecting the degree of shell offset is arranged inside the shell, and the offset detection assembly is located below the monitoring assembly. The mechanical sensors, anchoring assemblies, monitoring assemblies and offset detection assemblies are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] The anchoring components include an anchoring column and an anchoring tube. A storage chamber for storing anchoring liquid is opened inside the anchoring column. One end of the anchoring tube is connected to the interior of the shell. Mechanical sensors are respectively arranged at the connection between the anchoring tube and the shell. The other end of the anchoring tube is connected to a pump assembly for extracting anchoring liquid into the interior of the shell. The pump assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the anchoring column, and the pump assembly is electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the monitoring components all include a movable groove opened on the shell surface and connected to the interior of the shell, the inner wall of the shell is vertically slidably connected to a rack corresponding to the movable groove, the rack is engaged with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack, the rack is fixedly connected to a force plate on the side close to the inner wall of the shell, the force plate extends to the outside of the shell through the movable groove, the top of the rack is fixedly connected to a spring, the end of the spring away from the rack is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes a fixed column located at the center of the top wall of the shell and several gears respectively meshed with the racks, the gears are coaxially fixedly connected to a rotating rod, both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell and the fixed column, the rotating rod is threadedly connected to a nut seat at one end close to the fixed column, the nut seat and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure, the top of the nut seat is fixedly connected to a moving rod, the moving rod can pass through the fixed column and the shell in turn and extend to the outside of the shell, and the shell and the fixed column are both slidingly matched with the moving rod.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device described in the present invention, the offset detection component includes a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate arranged inside the shell, the first isolation plate is located above the second isolation plate, the bottom ball hinge of the first isolation plate is provided with a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a hollow ball, the top of the second isolation plate is fixedly connected to a sleeve, the hollow ball is located inside the sleeve, an alarm trigger is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve, the alarm trigger is electrically connected to the controller, and the alarm trigger is activated when the hollow ball tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, the surface of the moving rod is uniformly provided with a conveying groove for conveying the anchoring liquid along the axis thereof, and the conveying groove is opened on the side of the moving rod close to the inner top wall of the shell, and the inner bottom wall of the conveying groove is inclinedly arranged, and the inclined height of the conveying groove close to the one end of the nut seat is higher than that of the other end.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, the inside of the fixed column is provided with a plurality of passages corresponding to the anchoring pipes, the top end of the passage is communicated with the anchoring pipe, the bottom end of the passage extends directly above the connection between the moving rod and the fixed column, and the conveying grooves are respectively located in the flow tracks of the corresponding passages.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, the top of the first isolation plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixed column, and the connection is a rounded structure, and the top of the first isolation plate is a convex rounded structure.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, the pump assembly comprises a conveying pump, the input end of the conveying pump is communicated with the anchoring cavity, the output end of the conveying pump is communicated with the anchoring pipe, and the conveying pump is electrically connected with the controller.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, a plurality of inclined leakage holes are opened on the inner wall of the shell close to the top of the first isolation plate.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device, the controller is further used for analyzing the speed and amplitude of the shell when the shell descends with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell sinks with the stratum, the conveying pump is started to convey the anchoring liquid to the part of the moving rod in contact with the soil for overall reinforcement, and the conveying speed of the anchoring liquid changes with the descending speed, and when the descending speed increases, the conveying speed of the anchoring liquid increases, and vice versa.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. Compared with the poor stability of the shell in the prior art when the surface subsidence area of the coal mine goaf is large or the subsidence amplitude is large, the present application can activate the pump assembly to convey the anchoring liquid from the anchoring column to the inside of the shell when the controller detects the sinking trend of the shell through the mechanical sensor, and then inject the anchoring liquid into the soil around the shell through the guidance of the monitoring assembly, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the shell and the surrounding soil, reducing the sinking speed of the shell, improving the structural stability of the whole monitoring device, and ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring result.

[0019] 2. In this solution, multiple monitoring components are staggered inside the shell, which can accurately detect the amplitude and speed of surface subsidence in multiple directions.

[0020] 3. In this solution, a mechanical sensor is set at the connection between the anchor assembly and the shell to detect the downward pull of the anchor assembly by the shell in real time. The change in this tension can reflect the trend and speed of the shell sinking with the soil.

[0021] 4. In this solution, the design of the offset detection component can detect the degree of horizontal offset of the shell, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data. At the same time, when the degree of offset is large, it can also promptly remind the staff to replace or repair it, thereby providing more comprehensive surface settlement information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0023] Figure 1 This is an overall axonometric diagram of an embodiment of a device for monitoring surface subsidence in a coal mine goaf according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A side view of an embodiment of a device for monitoring surface subsidence in a coal mine goaf according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of section line A of an embodiment of a device for monitoring surface subsidence in a coal mine goaf area according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section line B of an embodiment of the device for monitoring surface subsidence in a coal mine goaf area according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a front cross-sectional view of the moving rod of an embodiment of the coal mine goaf area surface subsidence monitoring device of the present invention.

[0028] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. shell; 2. anchor pipe; 3. delivery pump; 4. anchor column; 5. moving rod; 6. force plate; 7. leakage hole; 8. nut seat; 9. fixing column; 10. second isolation plate; 11. sleeve; 12. hollow ball; 13. connecting rod; 14. first isolation plate; 15. rack; 16. gear; 17. channel; 18. controller; 19. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] As attached Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown: A surface settlement monitoring device for a coal mine goaf area includes a housing 1 and a controller 18. The controller 18 is screwed to the interior of the housing 1. A plurality of anchoring assemblies connected to the interior of the housing 1 for limiting the movement of the housing 1 in the soil layer are provided on the top of the housing 1. Mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the housing 1 on the anchoring assemblies are provided at the connection between the anchoring assemblies and the housing 1. Several monitoring assemblies for detecting surface settlement are staggered inside the housing 1. A deviation detection assembly for detecting the degree of deviation of the housing 1 is provided inside the housing 1 and is located below the monitoring assembly. The mechanical sensors, anchoring assemblies, monitoring assemblies, and deviation detection assemblies are all electrically connected to the controller 18.

[0034] The anchoring components include an anchoring column 4 and an anchoring tube 2. A storage chamber for storing anchoring liquid is opened inside the anchoring column 4. One end of the anchoring tube 2 is connected to the interior of the shell 1. The mechanical sensors are screwed to the connection between the anchoring tube 2 and the shell 1. The other end of the anchoring tube 2 is connected to a pump assembly for extracting anchoring liquid into the interior of the shell 1. The pump assembly is bolted to the top of the anchoring column 4, and the pump assembly is electrically connected to the controller 18.

[0035] The monitoring components all include a movable groove opened on the surface of the shell 1 and connected to the interior of the shell 1. The inner wall of the shell 1 is vertically slidably connected to a rack 15 corresponding to the movable groove. The rack 15 is engaged with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack 15. The rack 15 is integrally formed with a force plate 6 on the side close to the inner wall of the shell 1. The force plate 6 extends to the outside of the shell 1 through the movable groove. A spring 19 is welded to the top of the rack 15, which plays a certain buffering role, ensuring the stability of the sliding of the rack 15, and then ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent monitoring results. The spring 19 is welded to the inner wall of the shell 1 away from the end of the rack 15. A displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack is screwed inside the shell 1, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller 18.

[0036] The telescopic assembly includes a fixed column 9 welded to the center of the top wall of the shell 1 and several gears 16 respectively meshed with the racks 15. Several channels 17 corresponding to the anchor pipes 2 are opened inside the fixed column 9. The top of the channel 17 is communicated with the anchor pipe 2, and the bottom of the channel 17 extends to just above the connection between the moving rod 5 and the fixed column 9, and the conveying grooves are respectively located in the flow trajectory of the corresponding channels 17. The gears 16 are coaxially welded with a rotating rod, and both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 1 and the fixed column 9. The rotating rod is threadedly connected to a nut seat 8 at one end near the fixed column 9. The nut seat 8 and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure, and the top of the nut seat 8 is bolted to a movable rod. The movable rod 5 can pass through the fixed column 9 and the shell 1 in turn and extend to the outside of the shell 1, and the shell 1 and the fixed column 9 are both slidably matched with the movable rod 5. At the same time, the shell 1 and the fixed column 9 are both provided with through holes corresponding to the movable rod 5; the surface of the movable rod 5 is provided with a conveying groove for conveying the anchoring liquid along its axis, and the conveying groove is opened on the side of the movable rod 5 close to the inner top wall of the shell 1, and the bottom wall of the conveying groove is inclined. The inclined height of the conveying groove is higher than that of the other end close to the nut seat 8, and the anchoring liquid is quickly conveyed to the target position through the conveying groove to complete the anchoring, while ensuring that the anchoring liquid will not be retained or overflowed during the conveying process, thereby reducing the waste of the anchoring liquid.

[0037] The offset detection assembly includes a first isolation plate 14 and a second isolation plate 10 welded to the inside of the shell 1. The first isolation plate 14 is located above the second isolation plate 10. The bottom ball joint of the first isolation plate 14 is provided with a connecting rod 13. The bottom end of the connecting rod 13 is welded with a hollow ball 12. The top of the second isolation plate 10 is welded with a sleeve 11. The hollow ball 12 is located inside the sleeve 11. An alarm trigger is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 11. The alarm trigger is electrically connected to the controller 18. When the air ball 12 tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve 11, the alarm trigger is activated, and the offset of the shell 1 is monitored in time, and the information is promptly passed to the staff so that the staff can take corresponding measures in time.

[0038] The pump assembly includes a delivery pump 3 , an input end of the delivery pump 3 is communicated with the anchoring cavity, an output end of the delivery pump 3 is communicated with the anchoring pipe 2 , and the delivery pump 3 is electrically connected to the controller 18 .

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, bury the shell 1 in the soil layer that needs to be monitored for settlement, and at the same time fix several anchor columns 4 on the surface. At the same time, in order to better pull the shell 1, the anchor columns 4 are evenly distributed radially and are all in the same horizontal plane, ensuring that each anchor pipe 2 is subjected to the same force. At the same time, it can better fix the shell 1 and reduce the possibility of the shell 1 tilting, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency.

[0040] When the ground settles to a certain extent, the force-bearing plate 6 is subjected to pressure, driving the rack 15 to slide on the inner wall of the shell 1. At the same time, since the spring 19 is fixedly connected to the rack 15, when the rack 15 slides downward, the spring 19 will be stretched, thereby playing a certain buffering role, reducing the possibility of the rack 15 sliding down too fast, thereby providing sufficient time for the subsequent anchoring process to be implemented, ensuring the normal implementation of the subsequent anchoring function, and then using the displacement sensor to monitor the movement distance of the rack 15 in each direction in real time, and transmit the displacement data to the controller 18, which then analyzes the corresponding coal mine goaf surface settlement trend data and transmits it to the terminal, so that the terminal staff can observe the real-time situation in time and take corresponding countermeasures in time; at the same time, when the shell 1 is taken out, since the surface of the force-bearing plate 6 is not subjected to other forces, the rack 15 will be reset under the elastic potential energy stored in the spring 19, so that it is convenient for the next use. When the rack 15 slides downward, it will drive the gear 16 meshing with it, thereby driving the rotating shaft coaxially fixed with the gear 16 to rotate. Because the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the shell 1 and the fixed column 9, the rotation of the rotating shaft is not affected accordingly. And because the rotating shaft and the nut seat 8 are a ball screw structure, the rotational motion of the rotating shaft can be converted into linear motion of the nut seat 8, thereby driving the moving rod 5 fixedly connected to the nut seat 8 to move horizontally. The moving rod 5 gradually moves and passes through the fixed column 9 and the shell 1 in turn, and is inserted into the soil around the shell 1, thereby playing a certain supporting role on the shell 1, reducing the possibility of the shell 1 descending with the surrounding soil layer, so as to improve the detection result.

[0041] When the moving rod 5 extends out of the shell 1, if the shell 1 has a tendency to descend with the soil layer at this time, this will increase the pulling force of the shell 1 on the anchor pipe 2. The change of this pulling force is collected by the mechanical sensor, and the rate of change of the downward trend of the shell 1 is obtained by analysis through the controller 18. Based on this data, the delivery power of the delivery pump 3 is controlled, and the anchoring liquid in the anchor column 4 is delivered to the delivery groove on the corresponding moving rod 5 through the delivery pump 3 along the anchor pipe 2 and the channel 17 inside the fixed column 9, and flows more accurately and quickly along the inclined delivery groove at the bottom to the part of the moving rod 5 located in the soil, thereby completing the anchoring, further improving the stability of the shell 1 and the surrounding soil, and reducing the possibility of the shell 1 moving and affecting the detection results; at the same time, after multiple moving rods 5 move to the outside of the shell 1 and contact the surrounding soil, the anchoring liquid can be efficiently and quickly delivered to the corresponding position through the delivery grooves on these moving rods 5, thereby completing the reinforcement of the shell 1 all around and reducing the possibility of tilting caused by unilateral reinforcement.

[0042] Since the connecting rod 13 is spherically hinged with the bottom of the first isolation plate 14 and the bottom of the connecting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the hollow ball 12, when the shell 1 is offset, the connecting rod 13 and the hollow ball 12 will tilt relative to the shell 1 due to their own gravity, so that the hollow ball 12 will touch the alarm trigger inside the sleeve 11, the alarm trigger will be activated, and the offset information will be transmitted to the controller 18. After receiving the information, the controller 18 will remind the staff to pay attention to the offset of the shell 1 through the preset alarm mechanism so that corresponding measures can be taken in time.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the top of the first isolation plate 14 is welded to the bottom of the fixed column 9 and the connection is a rounded structure, and the top of the first isolation plate 14 is a convex structure; a plurality of inclined leakage holes 7 are opened on the inner wall of the shell 1 near the top of the first isolation plate 14.

[0045] The specific implementation process is as follows: when the anchoring liquid in the conveying trough overflows and falls to the top of the first isolation plate 14, since the top of the first isolation plate 14 is a convex structure, the anchoring liquid will slide along the inclined surface of the top of the first isolation plate 14 due to its own gravity, and flow out of the shell 1 through the leakage hole 7 opened on the surface of the shell 1, mix with the soil around it and solidify, thereby further fixing the shell 1 and the soil around it, improving the stability of the shell 1, reducing the possibility of it sinking with the soil layer, and improving the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0046] Example 3:

[0047] The difference from Example 2 is that the controller 18 is also used to analyze the speed and amplitude of the shell 1 when it descends along with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell 1 sinks along with the stratum, the delivery pump 3 is started to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod 5 contacts the soil for overall reinforcement, and the anchoring liquid delivery speed changes with the descent speed. When the descent speed increases, the anchoring liquid delivery speed increases, and vice versa.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows: the controller 18 is able to receive and process the data from the mechanical sensor, and obtain the speed and amplitude of the shell 1 when it descends along with the stratum through algorithm analysis. This data analysis capability enables the controller 18 to grasp the dynamic changes of the shell 1 in real time, providing a basis for subsequent decision-making. The controller 18 can also dynamically adjust the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid according to the speed of the shell 1 descent. For example, when the descent speed increases, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid will also increase accordingly to ensure the reinforcement effect; conversely, when the descent speed slows down, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid will also decrease to avoid waste and excessive reinforcement. When the controller 18 detects that the shell 1 sinks along with the stratum, it will immediately start the delivery pump 3 to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod 5 contacts the soil for overall reinforcement. This intelligent control function ensures that the anchoring liquid can be accurately delivered to the designated location when it is most needed.

[0049] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without departing substantially from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete elements may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "means plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structures. Other replacements, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0050] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0051] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual embodiment, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will, for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and production without undue experimentation.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface subsidence monitoring device for coal mine goaf, characterized by: It comprises a housing (1) and a controller (18); The controller (18) is arranged inside the shell (1), and a plurality of anchoring assemblies connected to the inside of the shell (1) for limiting the movement of the shell (1) in the soil layer are arranged on the top of the shell (1), and mechanical sensors for detecting the downward pulling force of the shell (1) on the anchoring assemblies are arranged at the connection between the anchoring assemblies and the shell (1). A plurality of monitoring assemblies for detecting surface settlement are staggeredly arranged inside the shell (1), and an offset detection assembly for detecting the offset degree of the shell (1) is arranged inside the shell (1), and the offset detection assembly is located below the monitoring assembly. The mechanical sensors, the anchoring assemblies, the monitoring assembly, and the offset detection assembly are all electrically connected to the controller (18); The anchoring components each include an anchoring column (4) and an anchoring tube (2), the anchoring column (4) has a storage cavity for storing an anchoring liquid, one end of the anchoring tube (2) is connected to the interior of the housing (1), mechanical sensors are respectively arranged at the connection between the anchoring tube (2) and the housing (1), the other end of the anchoring tube (2) is connected to a pump component for extracting the anchoring liquid into the interior of the housing (1), the pump component is fixedly connected to the top of the anchoring column (4), and the pump component is electrically connected to the controller (18); The monitoring components all include a movable groove opened on the surface of the shell (1) and connected to the inside of the shell (1); a rack (15) corresponding to the movable groove is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); the rack (15) is engaged with a telescopic component for horizontal movement based on the sliding of the rack (15); a force plate (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the rack (15) close to the inner wall of the shell (1); the force plate (6) extends to the outside of the shell (1) through the movable groove; a spring (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the rack (15); an end of the spring (19) away from the rack (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1); a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the rack (15) is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell (1); the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the controller (18); The telescopic assembly includes a fixed column (9) located at the center of the top wall of the shell (1) and a plurality of gears (16) respectively meshed with the racks (15), the gears (16) are coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating rod, both ends of the rotating rod are respectively rotatably connected to the shell (1) and the fixed column (9), the rotating rod is threadedly connected to a nut seat (8) at one end close to the fixed column (9), the nut seat (8) and the rotating rod form a ball screw structure, the top of the nut seat (8) is fixedly connected to a moving rod (5), the moving rod (5) can pass through the fixed column (9) and the shell (1) in sequence and extend to the outside of the shell (1), and the shell (1) and the fixed column (9) are both slidably matched with the moving rod (5); The surface of the moving rod (5) is provided with a delivery groove for delivering the anchoring liquid along its axis, and the delivery groove is opened on the side of the moving rod (5) close to the inner top wall of the shell (1), and the bottom wall of the delivery groove is inclined, and the inclination height of the delivery groove is higher at one end close to the nut seat (8) than at the other end; A plurality of channels (17) corresponding to the anchoring tubes (2) are opened inside the fixed column (9), the top of the channel (17) is connected to the anchoring tube (2), the bottom of the channel (17) extends to the top of the connection between the moving rod (5) and the fixed column (9), and the conveying troughs are respectively located in the flow trajectories of the corresponding channels (17).

2. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset detection assembly comprises a first isolation plate (14) and a second isolation plate (10) arranged inside the housing (1), the first isolation plate (14) being located above the second isolation plate (10), a connecting rod (13) being provided at the bottom of the first isolation plate (14), the bottom end of the connecting rod (13) being fixedly connected to a hollow ball (12), a sleeve (11) being fixedly connected to the top of the second isolation plate (10), the hollow ball (12) being located inside the sleeve (11), an alarm trigger being embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve (11), the alarm trigger being electrically connected to the controller (18), and the alarm trigger being activated when the hollow ball (12) tilts and touches the inside of the sleeve (11).

3. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the first isolation plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed column (9), and the connection is a rounded structure. The top of the first isolation plate (14) is a convex structure.

4. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pump assembly comprises a delivery pump (3), an input end of the delivery pump (3) is communicated with the anchoring cavity, an output end of the delivery pump (3) is communicated with the anchoring pipe (2), and the delivery pump (3) is electrically connected to the controller (18).

5. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of inclined leakage holes (7) are formed on one end of the inner wall of the shell (1) near the top of the first isolation plate (14).

6. The coal mine goaf surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller (18) is also used to analyze the speed and amplitude of the shell (1) when it descends along with the stratum based on the data of the mechanical sensor, and when the shell (1) sinks along with the stratum, the delivery pump (3) is started to deliver the anchoring liquid to the part where the moving rod (5) contacts the soil for overall reinforcement, and the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid changes with the descent speed. When the descent speed increases, the delivery speed of the anchoring liquid increases, and vice versa.

Images