Water body sediment particle size distribution and sediment concentration on-line measuring device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of water body silt particle size distribution and sediment concentration online measuring device and method, ultrasonic sediment concentration sensing box is installed on the outside of online measuring transfer box in online measurement, single-chip microcomputer is installed in ultrasonic sediment concentration sensing box, the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the ultrasonic emission head and ultrasonic receiving head installed on the inner wall of online measuring transfer box by line, the bottom side of online measuring transfer box is provided with liquid outlet pipe, one-way liquid outlet electromagnetic valve and liquid pump are installed on liquid outlet pipe, the top of online measuring transfer box is communicated with comprehensive measuring cylinder, the top of comprehensive measuring cylinder is communicated with water source by inlet pipe, inlet pump, anti-backflow electromagnetic valve and liquid flowmeter are installed on inlet pipe;While guaranteeing the accuracy of measurement result, it does not affect the operation of single liquid discharge operation, when single measurement operation detection result reaches early warning value, stop bit user end provides water source, realizes the online detection operation of water end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water body sediment measurement, and in particular to a device and method for online measurement of water body sediment particle gradation and sediment content. Background Art

[0002] Sediment particle size distribution in water refers to the particle size distribution of sediment particles within the water body, specifically the proportion and distribution of sediment particles of different sizes. Sediment particle size distribution is an important basis for studying the laws of sediment movement and is widely used in areas such as reservoir siltation, riverbed evolution, harbor regulation, and water quality treatment.

[0003] The traditional measurement of sediment particle gradation uses a laser particle size analyzer to perform measurement operations after collecting a separate water body. The laser irradiation produces different diffraction and scattering angles when particles of different sizes are irradiated. Through the forward and reverse Fourier transform combined with the intelligent laser particle size analysis technology of the optical path system, the size of the sediment particles in the sample and their proportion are calculated, and the particle size distribution of particles of different sizes is finally obtained. This method requires the water body to be collected separately and placed in the measuring equipment, and online measurement operations cannot be realized. Even though some online measurement devices have appeared on the market, there are certain drawbacks in their automatic collection and measurement processes. Specifically, the measurement accuracy is low, and only separate fixed-point measurements can be implemented. Real-time measurements cannot be performed during water transportation, and the sediment content cannot be measured synchronously. As a result, the water supply operation at the terminal water supply location needs to be measured separately, which reduces the operating efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an online measurement device and method for the silt particle grading and sand content of water at a water source location, which can be used to perform online measurement of the silt particle grading and sand content of water at a water source location during water transportation at a water terminal. The device and method have a simple overall structure, a high degree of integration, accurate measurement, and a simple and easy-to-operate method, and have broad market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a device and method for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sand content in water at a water source location, which can be used to perform online measurement of the sediment particle gradation and sand content of water at a water source location during water transportation at a water terminal. The device and method have a simple overall structure, a high degree of integration, accurate measurement, and a simple and easy-to-operate method, and are used to overcome the defects in the existing technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: an online measurement device for sediment particle grading and sediment content in a water body, comprising an online measurement transfer box, an ultrasonic sediment content sensor box is installed on the outside of the online measurement transfer box, a single-chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box, the single-chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box through a circuit, a liquid outlet pipe is provided on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box, a one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve and a liquid pump are installed on the liquid outlet pipe, the top of the online measurement transfer box is connected to an integrated measuring cylinder, the top of the integrated measuring cylinder is connected to a water source through a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid inlet pump, an anti-backflow solenoid valve and a liquid flow meter are installed on the liquid inlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder is divided into a liquid inlet cavity, a diversion cavity and a liquid outlet cavity from top to bottom. A measuring support body is provided at the center position of the diversion cavity. The outer wall of the measuring support body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder through at least three longitudinal isolation plates. Laser monitoring probes are symmetrically provided on both sides of each longitudinal isolation plate. A laser monitoring probe is also provided on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates. A laser detection probe is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates. The emitting end of the laser detection probe is tilted toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity. The laser monitoring probe and the laser detection probe are connected to the laser particle size measurement box provided on the top of the online measurement transfer box through a wire.

[0008] Preferably, the online measurement transfer box is a square box structure, the ultrasonic transmitting head and the ultrasonic receiving head are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box, the outer wall of the integrated measuring cylinder is provided with a supporting fixing ring, the bottom of the supporting fixing ring is provided with a pillar, and the bottom of the pillar is fixedly installed on the top of the online measurement transfer box.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid inlet chamber is an inverted funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid inlet chamber is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe, the diversion chamber is a cylindrical chamber structure, the top of the diversion chamber is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber, the liquid outlet chamber is a funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid outlet chamber is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber, a liquid inlet is provided at the top center position of the online measurement transfer box, and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber is connected to the mixing chamber arranged in the online measurement transfer box through the liquid inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the longitudinal isolation plate is a square plate structure, the length of the longitudinal isolation plate is equal to the depth of the diversion cavity, and the two sides of the longitudinal isolation plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder and the outer wall of the measuring support body respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the measurement support body is a cylindrical structure, and a top cambered body and a bottom cambered body are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the measurement support body, and a laser emitter mounting cavity is provided inside the measurement support body, a laser emitter is installed in the laser emitter mounting cavity, and the laser emitter is electrically connected to the laser detection probe.

[0012] Preferably, the laser detection probe is fixedly installed at the center position of the top of the outer wall of the measurement support body between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates, and the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe and the measurement support body is 30-45 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe provided on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder between the two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support body.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of the laser emitter installation cavity is connected to the wire installation cavity opened in the longitudinal isolation plate, the outer end of one wire installation cavity is connected to the wire entry hole opened on the outer wall of the integrated measuring cylinder, the wire entry hole is connected to the branch wiring hole opened on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder, and the inner side of the branch wiring hole is connected to the wire installation cavity.

[0015] An online measurement method for the above-mentioned device for measuring the particle gradation and sediment content of a water body comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Turn on the liquid inlet pump, and the source water enters the liquid inlet chamber through the liquid inlet pipe. The liquid flow meter measures the single pumping volume. The water entering the liquid inlet chamber is diverted at the top of the diversion chamber by the measuring support and the longitudinal isolation plate;

[0017] S2. Turn on the laser detection probe and the laser monitoring probe to perform online laser measurement of the sediment particle size distribution of the water diverted into each diversion cavity. The measurement data is collected by the laser particle size measurement box, which performs a summary calculation on the sediment particle size distribution of the water in each diversion cavity and obtains the sediment particle size distribution value of the water in a single pumping operation.

[0018] S3. After the measurement is completed, the water in the diversion chamber finally flows into the online measurement transfer box through the liquid outlet chamber. After completing a single liquid extraction operation, the liquid inlet pump is turned off, and the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver are turned on. The sediment content is measured online through the single-chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box.

[0019] S4. After completing the single pumping and sediment content measurement operation, turn on the pumping pump and the one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve to transport the liquid in the online measurement transfer box to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe. When all the liquid in the online measurement transfer box is pumped out, turn on the liquid inlet pump again to implement the next single pumping operation. The cycle is repeated in sequence to complete the online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sediment content of the water body for all the required pumping volumes.

[0020] The present invention has the following positive effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides an online measurement device for sediment particle grading and sediment content in water bodies, which realizes online transfer and online sediment particle grading and sediment content measurement operations in water bodies through an online measurement transfer box. The online measurement transfer box serves as a transfer carrier, and extracts a single quantitative water body for measurement through a liquid inlet pump, and then transfers and stores it in the online measurement transfer box. When the water demand operation is implemented at the water user end, the online measurement operation can be implemented on the water source water body, and the sediment particle grading of the water body is measured by the laser detection probe and the laser monitoring probe installed in the comprehensive measuring cylinder, and then the sediment content online measurement operation is implemented for the single pumped liquid amount transferred to the online measurement transfer box. The online measurement of sediment particle grading and sediment content in the water body is implemented separately in steps, while ensuring the accuracy of the measurement result, it does not affect the operation of the single liquid discharge operation. When the detection result of the single measurement operation reaches the warning value, the water source is stopped from being provided to the user end, thereby realizing the online detection operation of the water user end.

[0022] 2. The present invention adopts a measuring support body to support the longitudinal isolation plate, and implements a diversion measurement operation for a single water supply in the diversion chamber. It can implement a more accurate zoning measurement operation for the sand particle grading measurement in the water body, improve the accuracy of measuring sediment of different particle sizes, implement detailed diversion measurement, and use a laser detection probe set at an angle downward to implement the measurement of the water flow direction. It uses multiple laser monitoring probes to implement more accurate monitoring operations, which improves the measurement accuracy. At the same time, the laser detection probe is set downward and is not easily contaminated or blocked, which extends the maintenance time and improves work and operation efficiency.

[0023] 3. The present invention provides an online measurement method for an online measurement device for measuring sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies. The online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies is realized by connecting the aforementioned equipment. By means of a single liquid extraction online measurement, accurate online detection is performed on the entire required water delivery process to ensure the accuracy of data control at the water-using end. At the same time, the detection data is provided to the water-using end, and front-end data is provided for the next purification, use and other operations. The data is summarized based on a single measurement operation, and accurate control is implemented on all stages in the water supply process to meet different water needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the online measurement device for water sediment particle gradation and sediment content of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic top view of the structure of the online measurement device for water sediment particle gradation and sediment content according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the online measuring device for water sediment particle gradation and sediment content of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal top view structure of the comprehensive measuring cylinder of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal top view structure of the comprehensive measuring cylinder of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the following description of the invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. The term "connected" simply indicates a connection between devices and does not have any special meaning.

[0032] Specific embodiments refer to Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, an online measurement device for sediment particle grading and sediment content in a water body comprises an online measurement transfer box 1, an ultrasonic sediment content sensor box 5 is installed on the outside of the online measurement transfer box 1, a single-chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box 5, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitter 21 and an ultrasonic receiver 22 installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box 1 through a circuit, a liquid outlet pipe 2 is provided on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box 1, a one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve 3 and a liquid pump 4 are installed on the liquid outlet pipe 2, the top of the online measurement transfer box 1 is connected to the integrated measuring cylinder 11, the top of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 is connected to the water source through the liquid inlet pipe 6, and a liquid inlet pump 9, an anti-backflow solenoid valve 8 and a liquid flow meter 7 are installed on the liquid inlet pipe 6. The inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 is divided into a liquid inlet cavity 14, a diversion cavity 31 and a liquid outlet cavity 19 from top to bottom. A measuring support body 15 is provided at the center position of the diversion cavity 31. The outer wall of the measuring support body 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 through at least three longitudinal isolation plates 16. Laser monitoring probes 17 are symmetrically provided on both sides of each longitudinal isolation plate 16. A laser monitoring probe 17 is also provided on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates 16. A laser detection probe 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body 15 between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates 16. The emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 is tilted toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity 19. The laser monitoring probe 17 and the laser detection probe 18 are connected to the laser particle size measurement box 10 arranged on the top of the online measurement transfer box 1 through a wire.

[0033] The online measurement transfer box 1 is a square box structure. The ultrasonic transmitter 21 and the ultrasonic receiver 22 are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box 1. The outer wall of the integrated measurement tube 11 is provided with a support ring 12. The bottom of the support ring 12 is provided with a support pillar 13. The bottom of the support pillar 13 is fixedly mounted on the top of the online measurement transfer box 1. The liquid inlet chamber 14 is an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure. The top of the liquid inlet chamber 14 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe 6. The diversion chamber 31 is a cylindrical cavity structure. The top of the diversion chamber 31 is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber 14. The liquid outlet chamber 19 is a funnel-shaped cavity structure. The top of the liquid outlet chamber 19 is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber 31. A liquid inlet port 30 is opened at the center position of the top of the online measurement transfer box 1. The bottom of the liquid outlet chamber 19 is connected to the mixing chamber 20 set in the online measurement transfer box 1 through the liquid inlet port 30.

[0034] The longitudinal partition plate 16 is a square plate-like structure, with a length equal to the depth of the diversion chamber 31. Its two sides are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder 11 and the outer wall of the measuring support body 15, respectively. The measuring support body 15 is a cylindrical structure, with a top camber 23 and a bottom camber 24 disposed at its top and bottom, respectively. A laser emitter mounting cavity 28 is disposed within the measuring support body 15, within which a laser emitter 29 is mounted. The laser emitter 29 is electrically connected to the laser detection probe 18.

[0035] The laser detection probe 18 is fixedly mounted at the top center position of the outer wall of the measuring support body 15 between the two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16, and the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 and the measuring support body 15 is 30-45 degrees. The transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe 17 arranged on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube 11 between the two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16 intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support body 15. The outer side of the laser emitter installation cavity 28 is connected to the wire installation cavity 26 opened in the longitudinal partition plate 16, and the outer end of one of the wire installation cavities 26 is connected to the wire entry hole 25 opened on the outer wall of the integrated measuring tube 11, and the wire entry hole 25 is connected to the branch wiring hole 27 opened on the inner wall of the integrated measuring tube 11, and the inner side of the branch wiring hole 27 is connected to the wire installation cavity 26.

[0036] Specifically, the online measurement transfer box 1 provides a water transfer capacity for online testing operations. The liquid inlet pump 9 implements a single pumping operation. By presetting the pumping time of the liquid inlet pump 9, the pumping volume is controlled. The liquid flow meter 7 implements statistical measurement of the single pumping volume, accurately achieving control of the liquid inlet volume. Accurate single water supply control operations are performed during the operation of all testing operations at the water demand end. The transported water body is tested at any time. The ultrasonic transmitter head 21 and the ultrasonic receiver head 22 cooperate with each other to perform the final ultrasonic test of the sediment content of the single collected water volume. The ion content is calculated by measuring the reflection time of the ultrasonic wave propagating in the medium. The ultrasonic transmitter head 21 generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves. These sound waves propagate in the single-pumped water body and are reflected when they encounter sediment. The ultrasonic receiver head 22 receives these reflected waves and calculates the sediment content and concentration by analyzing the time delay of the reflected waves.

[0037] Specifically, the integrated measuring tube 11 can be installed in various forms such as horizontal installation and vertical installation. The integrated measuring tube 11 performs advance measurement of the sediment particle grading of the water body during the liquid feeding process before the single water volume is collected, and the single liquid feed is diverted through the longitudinal isolation plate 16. The laser monitoring probe 17 and the laser detection probe 18 are used to cooperate to detect the liquid flowing through the diversion chamber 31. When the water flows through the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 6 and enters the liquid inlet chamber 14, the flow rate decreases. According to the connection equation, the flow rate is equal to the flow area multiplied by the flow rate. When the pipeline outlet expands, the flow area increases. In order to ensure that the flow rate remains unchanged, the flow rate becomes smaller. In addition, the blocking operation of the top surface of the measurement support body can implement slow flow control operation on the single liquid feeding water body in the diversion chamber, providing more measurement time for online measurement, and cooperating with the liquid outlet end with a reduction at the bottom, the accuracy and reaction measurement time of laser particle size measurement are improved.

[0038] Specifically, the angle between the emitting end of the laser detection probe 18 and the measurement support 15 is 30-45 degrees, and the laser source is emitted obliquely downward. Laser monitoring probes 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of each longitudinal partition plate 16. The inner wall of the integrated measuring tube 11 between two adjacent longitudinal partition plates 16 is also provided with a laser monitoring probe 17. The corresponding laser monitoring probes 17 are distributed on both sides and in front of the bottom below the laser detection probe 18. When the laser beam is irradiated on the particles, the sediment particles will produce different scattered light according to their size and shape. The intensity and distribution of the scattered light are measured by the laser monitoring probes 17 arranged at different positions, and the particle size distribution of the particles is inferred. The arrangement of multiple laser monitoring probes 17 is conducive to the accuracy of signal reception and collection, and implements efficient, accurate and fast measurement during the flow of water.

[0039] The present application is used for carrying out the on-line measurement of the water body sediment particle size distribution and sediment concentration. The liquid inlet pump 9 is opened, the source water body enters the liquid inlet cavity 14 through the liquid inlet pipe 6, the liquid flow meter 7 measures the single liquid pumping amount, the water body in the liquid inlet cavity 14 is divided into two parts at the top of the shunt cavity 31 by the measuring support 15 and the longitudinal partition plate 16. The laser detection probe 18 and the laser monitoring probe 17 are opened, the on-line sediment particle size distribution laser measurement of the water body in each shunt cavity 31 is carried out, the measurement data is collected by the laser particle size measurement box 10, the laser particle size measurement box 10 carries out the summary operation of the water body sediment particle size distribution in each shunt cavity 31, and the sediment particle size distribution value of the single liquid pumping amount is obtained. The water body in the shunt cavity 31 is finally converged into the on-line measurement transfer box 1 through the liquid outlet cavity 19 after the measurement is carried out. After the single liquid pumping operation is completed, the liquid inlet pump 9 is closed, the ultrasonic emission head 21 and the ultrasonic receiving head 22 are opened, and the on-line measurement of the sediment concentration is carried out by the single-chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment concentration sensing box 5. After the single liquid pumping sediment concentration measurement operation is completed, the liquid in the on-line measurement transfer box 1 is transported to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe 2 by opening the liquid pumping pump 4 and the one-way liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 3. When the liquid in the on-line measurement transfer box 1 is pumped out, the next single liquid pumping operation is carried out by opening the liquid inlet pump 9 again, and the operation is repeated in sequence, so that the on-line measurement of the water body sediment particle size distribution and sediment concentration of the whole required liquid pumping amount is completed.

[0040] As Figure 6 In combination Figure 1-5 As shown in the drawings, as another embodiment of the present application, the mixing cavity 20 of the on-line measurement transfer box 1 is two or more than two during use, the bottom of the comprehensive measurement cylinder 11 is communicated with the mixing cavities 20 arranged in the two or more than two on-line measurement transfer boxes 1 through the multi-pass branch pipe, and the on-line detection of the first mixing cavity 20 is carried out during the initial operation. After the detection is completed, the other mixing cavities 20 are detected without interruption by changing the passageway. During the detection of the other mixing cavities 20, the liquid in the initial first mixing cavity 20 is discharged to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe 2. The liquid outlet pipe 2 is communicated with the bottoms of different mixing cavities 20 through the multi-pass valve, and the high-efficiency uninterrupted water pumping on-line detection operation is carried out through this mode.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An online measuring device for sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water, comprising an online measuring transfer box (1), characterized in that: An ultrasonic sand content sensor box (5) is installed on the outside of the online measurement transfer box (1), and a single-chip microcomputer is installed in the ultrasonic sand content sensor box (5). The single-chip microcomputer is connected to an ultrasonic transmitter (21) and an ultrasonic receiver (22) installed on the inner wall of the online measurement transfer box (1) through a line. A liquid outlet pipe (2) is provided on one side of the bottom of the online measurement transfer box (1), and a one-way liquid outlet electromagnetic valve (3) and a liquid pump (4) are installed on the liquid outlet pipe (2). The top of the online measurement transfer box (1) is connected to the integrated measurement cylinder (11), and the top of the integrated measurement cylinder (11) is connected to the water source through the liquid inlet pipe (6). A liquid inlet pump (9), an anti-backflow electromagnetic valve (8) and a liquid flow meter (7) are installed on the liquid inlet pipe (6); The inner cavity of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) is divided into a liquid inlet cavity (14), a diversion cavity (31) and a liquid outlet cavity (19) from top to bottom. A measuring support body (15) is provided at the center of the diversion cavity (31). The outer wall of the measuring support body (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) through at least three longitudinal isolation plates (16). Laser monitoring probes (17) are symmetrically provided on both sides of each longitudinal isolation plate (16). The inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16) is also provided with a laser monitoring probe (17). A laser detection probe (18) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the measuring support body (15) between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16). The emitting end of the laser detection probe (18) is tilted toward the top position of the liquid outlet cavity (19). The laser monitoring probe (17) and the laser detection probe (18) are connected to the laser particle size measurement box (10) provided on the top of the online measurement transfer box (1) through a wire.

2. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online measurement transfer box (1) is a square box structure, the ultrasonic transmitting head (21) and the ultrasonic receiving head (22) are horizontally arranged in the longitudinal middle position of the online measurement transfer box (1), the outer wall of the integrated measurement tube (11) is provided with a supporting fixing ring (12), the bottom of the supporting fixing ring (12) is provided with a pillar (13), and the bottom of the pillar (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the online measurement transfer box (1).

3. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet chamber (14) is an inverted funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid inlet chamber (14) is connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (6), the diversion chamber (31) is a cylindrical chamber structure, the top of the diversion chamber (31) is connected to the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber (14), the liquid outlet chamber (19) is a funnel-shaped chamber structure, the top of the liquid outlet chamber (19) is connected to the bottom of the diversion chamber (31), a liquid inlet (30) is provided at the top center of the online measurement transfer box (1), and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber (19) is connected to the mixing chamber (20) provided in the online measurement transfer box (1) through the liquid inlet (30).

4. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal isolation plate (16) is a square plate-shaped structure. The length of the longitudinal isolation plate (16) is equal to the depth of the diversion cavity (31). Both sides of the longitudinal isolation plate (16) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) and the outer wall of the measuring support body (15).

5. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring support body (15) is a cylindrical structure, and a top cambered body (23) and a bottom cambered body (24) are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the measuring support body (15). A laser emitter mounting cavity (28) is provided inside the measuring support body (15), and a laser emitter (29) is installed in the laser emitter mounting cavity (28). The laser emitter (29) is electrically connected to the laser detection probe (18).

6. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser detection probe (18) is fixedly mounted at the center position of the top of the outer wall of the measurement support (15) between two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16), and the angle between the emission end of the laser detection probe (18) and the measurement support (15) is 30-45 degrees.

7. The device for online measurement of water sediment particle gradation and sediment content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse center axis of the laser monitoring probe (17) provided on the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11) between the two adjacent longitudinal isolation plates (16) intersects with the longitudinal center axis of the measuring support (15).

8. The device for online measurement of sediment particle gradation and sediment content in water bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the laser transmitter installation cavity (28) is connected to the wire installation cavity (26) provided in the longitudinal isolation plate (16), the outer end of one wire installation cavity (26) is connected to the wire entry hole (25) provided in the outer wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11), the wire entry hole (25) is connected to the branch wiring hole (27) provided in the inner wall of the integrated measuring cylinder (11), and the inner side of the branch wiring hole (27) is connected to the wire installation cavity (26).

9. An online measurement method for the device for online measurement of water sediment particle gradation and sediment content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement method includes the following steps: S1. Turn on the liquid inlet pump (9), and the source water enters the liquid inlet chamber (14) through the liquid inlet pipe (6). The liquid flow meter (7) measures the single pumping amount. The water entering the liquid inlet chamber (14) is diverted at the top of the diversion chamber (31) through the measuring support (15) and the longitudinal isolation plate (16); S2, turning on the laser detection probe (18) and the laser monitoring probe (17), performing an online laser measurement operation of sediment particle gradation on the water body diverted into each diversion cavity (31), collecting the measurement data through the laser particle size measurement box (10), and performing a summary operation on the sediment particle gradation of the water body in each diversion cavity (31), and obtaining the sediment particle gradation value of the water body for a single pumping amount; S3. After the measurement is performed, the water in the diversion chamber (31) is finally converged into the online measurement transfer box (1) through the liquid outlet chamber (19). After completing a single liquid extraction operation, the liquid inlet pump (9) is turned off, and the ultrasonic transmitter (21) and the ultrasonic receiver (22) are turned on. The sediment content is measured online by the single chip microcomputer installed in the ultrasonic sediment content sensor box (5); S4. After completing the single pumping operation for measuring the sediment content, the pumping pump (4) and the one-way liquid outlet solenoid valve (3) are turned on to transport the liquid in the online measurement transfer box (1) to the water terminal through the liquid outlet pipe (2). When all the liquid in the online measurement transfer box (1) is pumped out, the liquid inlet pump (9) is turned on again to perform the next single pumping operation. The cycle is repeated in sequence to complete the online measurement of the sediment particle grading and sediment content of the water body for all the required pumping volumes.

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