Gas leakage early warning method, gas cloud monitoring method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas leakage early warning method, a gas cloud monitoring method and application, according to the scheme, normalized spectrum detection is ingeniously carried out on a chemical storage area through an infrared spectrum detection module, spectrum detection data is used for judging gas components and / or concentration of corresponding detection data for analysis and judgment, and then the gas leakage early warning method and the gas cloud monitoring method are obtained based on the analysis and judgment. Timely early warning is carried out, and reliable monitoring and early warning of the storage area are realized; on the basis, spectrum detection data and position and attitude information of corresponding detection modules are further multiplexed to roughly judge a leakage area, and then combined scanning is performed on the infrared spectrum detection modules, so that a leakage source is further positioned to obtain leakage positioning information; in addition, according to the scheme, prediction and trajectory tracking are further carried out on gas cloud generated by leaked gas through the gas plume monitoring model, reliable data support and mechanism guarantee are provided for gas leakage tracking of the chemical storage area, and the method has positive practical application significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of hazardous chemicals storage monitoring technology and gas monitoring technology, and in particular to a gas leakage early warning method and a gas cloud monitoring method and application. Background Art

[0002] As an important transit point for sea and river transportation, port terminals not only play the role of transporting industrial products, but also serve as a transit point for the transportation of chemical raw materials. With the continuous vigorous development of the chemical industry, the demand for raw materials from downstream manufacturers is increasing, which makes the transportation of chemical raw materials and hazardous chemicals gradually present a large-scale trend. When these chemical raw materials and hazardous chemicals are transited at port terminals, they often need to be temporarily stored in specific places for a certain degree of isolation. Especially for some hazardous chemicals that are in the gas phase or may produce gas phase substances, it is very necessary to monitor them closely. The current more common way is to place Sensors are used to prevent or respond to gas leaks based on their monitoring feedback. However, most sensors are deployed in the lower space of the storage area. For the upper or aerial parts, there is often a lack of reliable and routine monitoring methods. This also means that when harmful gas leaks occur, there is a certain lag in the on-site emergency feedback or it is difficult to achieve early warning. At present, some literature has disclosed the use of TDLAS technology to achieve non-contact detection of gas leaks. However, this type of equipment has the problem of high purchase cost, making it difficult to achieve large-scale deployment and routine monitoring in scenes such as port terminals with open terrain and large site areas.

[0003] Infrared spectroscopy detection equipment is a common device in non-contact detection of hazardous chemicals. It is widely used in detection in chemical production areas because it can detect gas composition and concentration to a certain extent. However, there are currently few literatures disclosing its application in gas leakage monitoring in storage areas. Therefore, how to use infrared spectroscopy detection modules to judge and monitor gas leaks in a regular manner, and at the same time, combine other detection equipment to achieve reliable early warning and tracking of gas leaks when abnormalities occur is a research topic with very positive and practical significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a gas leakage warning method and a gas cloud monitoring method and application which are reliable in implementation, flexible in application, have good detection response efficiency, and have strong reference value for data results.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A gas leakage early warning method is used for chemical storage monitoring, wherein a plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area, and each of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules is provided with an electric control pan / tilt for controlling the detection direction thereof, comprising:

[0007] S01. Detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the storage area of ​​the chemical according to a preset detection frequency and detection angle by using an infrared spectrum detection module to generate spectrum detection data. At the same time, record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the deployed position, and then associate the data with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information.

[0008] S02, obtaining spectrum detection information, detecting spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generating a detection result;

[0009] S03. Obtain the detection results and judge them according to preset conditions. When the detection results indicate that there is a gas leakage in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the warning threshold, generate a warning instruction. At the same time, associate the spectral detection information with it to form warning information and output it.

[0010] As a possible implementation method, further, the solution also includes:

[0011] S04. Obtain warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage location information and output it.

[0012] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules in this solution all have unique ID numbers.

[0013] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in the present solution S01, the posture data detected by the infrared spectrum detection module includes the horizontal angle θ i and vertical angle The coordinates of its deployment location are recorded as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i is the ID number or preset serial number of the infrared spectrum detection module; when the spectrum detection data and posture data are recorded, they are both correspondingly provided with a timestamp.

[0014] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S04, the early warning information is obtained, and the suspected leakage area pointed to by the early warning information is roughly determined according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then a joint scan is performed by multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area, including:

[0015] A041. Obtain warning information, extract the spectrum detection information associated with it, and then obtain the horizontal angle θ at the time of detection according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection described in the spectrum detection information. i and vertical angle , and the coordinates of their deployment locations (x i ,y i , z i ), and then roughly determine the scope of the storage area pointed to by the warning information, and set it as the suspected leakage area;

[0016] A042, calling multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to jointly scan the suspected leakage area, and defining the deployment position of the infrared spectrum detection module in three-dimensional space as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i=1, 2, 3...N, which is the sequence number of the infrared spectrum detection module;

[0017] The scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module is defined as a sector area, which has a central scanning angle and an angle range, and the coverage function C(r j ) is the grid point coordinate r where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas j The total number of covered points is set to maximize the total number of scan coverage of all grid points by each infrared spectrum detection module, while minimizing the overlapping area as the optimization goal, and establish an angle optimization model for multi-module coordination. The objective function is defined as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i, R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i , radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, when the grid point r j When it is in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0; through the function Ensure that each grid point is counted as covered at most once to avoid overlapping calculations;

[0020] The conditions and constraints of the infrared spectrum detection module are as follows:

[0021] Angle range limitation: The scanning angle range of each infrared spectrum detection module has physical limitations, that is, 0 < α i ≤α max ;

[0022] Scanning distance limitation: The detection radius of each infrared spectrum detection module is limited by performance, that is, 0<R i ≤R max ;

[0023] A043. Solve based on the optimization goal and assign an initial scanning angle θ to each infrared spectrum detection module i，0 and half-angle range α i，0 , the gradient descent method is used to adjust the central angle θ of each infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i , so that the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points is maximized, and its formula is defined as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module in a given posture, that is, the total number of spatial grid points effectively covered; θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i , R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i, radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, which is used to determine the grid point r j Is it in the scanning area S of the infrared spectrum detection module i? i (θ i , α i , R i ), when the grid point r j When it is located in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0;

[0026] In the gradient descent method adjustment, the central angle θ of the infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i The update formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] Among them, η is the learning rate, k is the number of iterations, and C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module under a given posture, that is, the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points; Respectively represent C versus scanning angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i The partial derivatives of , which respectively reflect the impact of adjusting these two parameters on the total coverage C;

[0030] A044. Obtain the deployment position coordinates corresponding to the infrared spectrum detection module and the scanning angle θ defined by solving in the multi-module coordinated angle optimization model. i 、Half-angle range α i , its posture is controlled by the electric-controlled pan-tilt platform connected to it, and a plurality of the infrared spectrum detection modules are used for joint scanning to cover the suspected leakage area.

[0031] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in the present solution S01, the infrared spectrum detection module detects gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the storage area of ​​the chemical at a first detection frequency;

[0032] In S04, adjusting the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module includes: jointly scanning the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules at a second detection frequency; wherein the first detection frequency is lower than the second detection frequency;

[0033] The method for adjusting the working frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module from the first detection frequency to the second detection frequency includes one of the following:

[0034] (1) Switching is performed by setting the first detection frequency to be used in the daily detection state and setting the second detection frequency to be used in the joint scanning state;

[0035] (2) The frequency adjustment formula model is used for adjustment, and its formula is defined as follows:

[0036] f(t)=f0·(1+α·H(tT trigger ))

[0037] Wherein, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; α is the adjustment coefficient of the detection frequency, which is used to indicate the degree of improvement of the detection frequency; H(tT trigger ) is a step function, which is used to represent the time T trigger Post-detection is defined as an increase in detection frequency when abnormal conditions occur; T trigger is the time that triggers the adjustment of the detection frequency, i.e. the time point when the detection is defined as abnormal;

[0038] (3) According to the gas concentration detected by the spectral detection data, the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module is adjusted in a linear or exponential manner, wherein the formula for exponential adjustment is defined as follows:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; β is the adjustment parameter, that is, the rate of change of the control detection frequency with the degree of abnormal concentration; c detected is the currently detected gas concentration, c threshold is the preset abnormal concentration threshold.

[0041] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in S04 of this solution, the suspected leakage area is further located, and leakage location information is obtained and output including:

[0042] According to the spectrum detection data obtained by the joint scanning of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, the gas concentration at the corresponding detection area position is obtained, and the gas concentration is matched with the coordinates of the center of the detection area position;

[0043] Assume that the coordinates of the leakage point in the storage area are (x0, y0, z0); it causes an abnormal increase in the infrared spectrum detection concentration of the surrounding area position c (x, y, z). Therefore, the location of the leakage source can be deduced by the following diffusion model about the concentration gradient. The model formula is as follows:

[0044]

[0045] Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0);

[0046] Assuming that the ambient wind speed is stable and lower than the preset influencing wind speed value, and ignoring the influence of flow terms, the diffusion model can be defined as the diffusion-dominated model as follows:

[0047]

[0048] The gas concentration measured by the multiple infrared spectrum detection modules and the coordinates of the center of the corresponding detection area are used to determine the location of the leakage source using the multi-point inversion method. Assuming that the coordinates of the center of the detection area of ​​N infrared spectrum detection modules are (x i ,y i , z i ), and their corresponding measured concentrations are c(x i ,y i , z i , t); a formula model is established near the leakage source assuming that the concentration is exponentially decaying, as follows:

[0049]

[0050] in, represents the distance between the center of the detection area of ​​the external spectrum detection module and the leakage source, t is the leakage duration, D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function;

[0051] For each infrared spectrum detection module, the measured concentration satisfies the following definition:

[0052]

[0053] in,

[0054] The equations corresponding to the N infrared spectrum detection modules are sorted out, and the least square method is used to solve the leakage source position (x0, y0, z0), and the leakage location information is obtained and output; the optimization objective function is:

[0055]

[0056] Based on the above, the present solution also provides a gas cloud monitoring method, which includes the gas leakage early warning method described above; it also includes:

[0057] S05. Obtain leakage location information, conduct gas cloud monitoring on the upper part of the storage area, and generate gas cloud monitoring information.

[0058] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, this solution S05 includes:

[0059] S051. According to the leakage location information, the ambient wind speed in the area is collected to obtain the ambient wind speed u=(u x ,u y ,u z ); at the same time, obtaining the leakage source intensity Q (x, y, z, t) at the leakage source position, which is used to describe the escape rate of the gas at the leakage source;

[0060] S052. Establish a plume diffusion model and use the convection-diffusion equation to describe the diffusion behavior of the gas plume in space. This equation can be used to predict the concentration distribution of leaked gas under wind and diffusion. The formula is defined as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the intensity function of the gas leakage source, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0);

[0063] S053, using multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to perform high-frequency sampling of the concentration in the gas plume area, and analyzing the spectrum detection data fed back by the sampling to obtain concentration distribution data c (x, y, z, t); then using it to update the plume diffusion model in real time;

[0064] S054. The main diffusion path of the plume is represented based on the centerline of the gas plume, and this path is usually the area with the highest concentration. The position and direction of the plume centerline are tracked using the concentration gradient.

[0065] For the centerline tracking model, assume that at a certain position (x c ,y c , z c ), the concentration gradient direction is the largest, then the diffusion path of the plume centerline can be approximately defined as:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, r c =(x c ,y c , z c ) represents the position of the plume centreline; is the velocity of the plume centerline; u is the ambient wind speed; is the spatial gradient of concentration, which indicates the direction of change of gas concentration;

[0068] S055: Based on the concentration distribution data of S053 and the centerline tracking model established in S054, the diffusion of the gas plume is predicted in real time.

[0069] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S055, the formula model for real-time prediction of the diffusion of the gas plume is defined as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Here, Δt is the time step.

[0072] Based on the above, this solution also provides a gas leakage warning and monitoring system, which includes:

[0073] A plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area and are used to detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the chemical storage area at a preset detection frequency and detection angle to generate spectrum detection data;

[0074] An electric-controlled pan-tilt platform, the number of which corresponds to and is connected to a plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, and is used to control the posture of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection;

[0075] The device management unit is used to record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the position where it is deployed, and then associate it with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information;

[0076] A data detection unit, used to obtain spectrum detection information, detect spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generate a detection result;

[0077] A data judgment unit is used to obtain the test results and judge them according to preset conditions;

[0078] The early warning instruction unit obtains the judgment result generated by the data judgment unit, and generates an early warning instruction when the detection result indicates that there is a gas leak in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the early warning threshold; it is also used to associate the spectral detection information with it, form early warning information and output it;

[0079] The leakage positioning unit is used to obtain early warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the early warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage positioning information and output it.

[0080] Based on the above, the present solution also provides a method for managing hazardous chemicals at a port terminal, which is applied with the above-mentioned gas leakage warning method or the above-mentioned gas cloud monitoring method.

[0081] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present scheme cleverly performs normalized spectral detection on a preset range within the chemical storage area through an infrared spectral detection module, and uses the spectral detection data to determine the gas composition and / or concentration of the corresponding detection data for analytical judgment, and then based on this, timely warning is carried out to achieve reliable monitoring and early warning of the storage area; and on this basis, the present scheme further reuses the spectral detection data and the position information and posture information of its corresponding detection module to roughly determine the leakage area, and then further locates the leakage source by jointly scanning the infrared spectral detection modules to obtain leakage location information; in addition, the present scheme further predicts and tracks the gas cloud generated by the leaking gas through a gas plume monitoring model, thereby providing reliable data support and mechanism guarantee for gas leakage tracking in chemical storage areas, which has positive practical application significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0083] Figure 1 This is a brief implementation flow diagram of one of the early warning methods of this program;

[0084] Figure 2 This is another brief implementation flow diagram of the early warning method of this scheme;

[0085] Figure 3 It is a brief implementation flow diagram of the gas cloud monitoring method of this scheme;

[0086] Figure 4This is a brief unit module connection diagram of this solution system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is particularly noted that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only partial embodiments of the present invention rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a gas leakage warning method, which is used for chemical storage monitoring. A plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area, and each of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules is provided with an electric control pan-tilt for controlling the detection direction thereof, which comprises:

[0089] S01. Detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the storage area of ​​the chemical according to a preset detection frequency and detection angle by using an infrared spectrum detection module to generate spectrum detection data. At the same time, record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the deployed position, and then associate the data with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information.

[0090] S02, obtaining spectrum detection information, detecting spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generating a detection result;

[0091] S03. Obtain the detection results and judge them according to preset conditions. When the detection results indicate that there is a gas leakage in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the warning threshold, generate a warning instruction. At the same time, associate the spectral detection information with it to form warning information and output it.

[0092] This solution cleverly utilizes an infrared spectrum detection module to perform infrared spectrum detection on the space within a preset range of the storage area, and determines whether to issue a safety warning based on the gas composition and / or concentration obtained by the detection, thereby providing a basis for efficient response and reliable results for gas leakage safety in chemical storage areas.

[0093] In order to further improve the comprehensiveness of monitoring and provide further data support for on-site managers, combined with Figure 2 As shown, as a possible implementation mode, further, this solution also includes:

[0094] S04. Obtain warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage location information and output it.

[0095] In order to improve the orderliness of data and correspond to corresponding detection modules, as a better implementation option, preferably, the multiple infrared spectrum detection modules in this solution all have unique ID numbers.

[0096] At the same time, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, in the present solution S01, the posture data detected by the infrared spectrum detection module includes the horizontal angle θ i and vertical angle The coordinates of its deployment location are recorded as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i is the ID number or preset serial number of the infrared spectrum detection module; when the spectrum detection data and posture data are recorded, they are both correspondingly provided with a timestamp.

[0097] In terms of the rough estimation of the leakage area, in this solution S04, the warning information is obtained, and the suspected leakage area pointed to by the warning information is roughly determined according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then a joint scan is performed through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area, including:

[0098] A041. Obtain warning information, extract the spectrum detection information associated with it, and then obtain the horizontal angle θ at the time of detection according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection described in the spectrum detection information. i and vertical angle , and the coordinates of their deployment locations (x i ,y i , z i ), and then roughly determine the scope of the storage area pointed to by the warning information, and set it as the suspected leakage area;

[0099] A042, calling multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to jointly scan the suspected leakage area, and defining the deployment position of the infrared spectrum detection module in three-dimensional space as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i=1, 2, 3...N, which is the sequence number of the infrared spectrum detection module;

[0100] The scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module is defined as a sector area, which has a central scanning angle and an angle range, and the coverage function C(r j ) is the grid point coordinate r where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas j The total number of covered points is set to maximize the total number of scan coverage of all grid points by each infrared spectrum detection module, while minimizing the overlapping area as the optimization goal, and establish an angle optimization model for multi-module coordination. The objective function is defined as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i , R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i , radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, when the grid point r j When it is in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0; through the function Ensure that each grid point is counted as covered at most once to avoid overlapping calculations;

[0103] The conditions and constraints of the infrared spectrum detection module are as follows:

[0104] Angle range limitation: The scanning angle range of each infrared spectrum detection module has physical limitations, that is, 0 < α i ≤α max ;

[0105] Scanning distance limitation: The detection radius of each infrared spectrum detection module is limited by performance, that is, 0<R i ≤R max ;

[0106] A043. Solve based on the optimization goal and assign an initial scanning angle θ to each infrared spectrum detection module i，0 and half-angle range αi，0 , the gradient descent method is used to adjust the central angle θ of each infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i , so that the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points is maximized, and its formula is defined as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Where C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module in a given posture, that is, the total number of spatial grid points effectively covered; θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i , R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i , radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, which is used to determine the grid point r j Is it in the scanning area S of the infrared spectrum detection module i? i (θ i , α i , R i ), when the grid point r j When it is located in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0;

[0109] In the gradient descent method adjustment, the central angle θ of the infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i The update formula is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, η is the learning rate, k is the number of iterations, and C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module under a given posture, that is, the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points; Respectively represent C versus scanning angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i The partial derivatives of , which respectively reflect the impact of adjusting these two parameters on the total coverage C;

[0112] A044. Obtain the deployment position coordinates corresponding to the infrared spectrum detection module and the scanning angle θ defined by solving in the multi-module coordinated angle optimization model. i 、Half-angle range α i , its posture is controlled by the electric-controlled pan-tilt platform connected to it, and a plurality of the infrared spectrum detection modules are used for joint scanning to cover the suspected leakage area.

[0113] In terms of the data detection area range, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S01, the infrared spectrum detection module performs gas composition detection on the middle and / or upper area of ​​the chemical storage area at a first detection frequency.

[0114] Since the comprehensiveness and importance of the data during normal detection by the infrared spectrum detection module are different from those during joint scanning, in order to improve the reliability and continuity of detection data acquisition during the early warning period.

[0115] In S04, adjusting the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module includes: jointly scanning the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules at a second detection frequency; wherein the first detection frequency is lower than the second detection frequency.

[0116] In terms of operating frequency adjustment, a method for adjusting the operating frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module from the first detection frequency to the second detection frequency includes one of the following:

[0117] (1) Switching is performed by setting the first detection frequency to be used in the daily detection state and setting the second detection frequency to be used in the joint scanning state;

[0118] (2) The frequency adjustment formula model is used for adjustment, and its formula is defined as follows:

[0119] f(t)=f0·(1+α·H(tT trigger ))

[0120] Wherein, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; α is the adjustment coefficient of the detection frequency, which is used to indicate the degree of improvement of the detection frequency; H(tT trigger ) is a step function, which is used to represent the time T trigger Post-detection is defined as an increase in detection frequency when abnormal conditions occur; T trigger is the time that triggers the adjustment of the detection frequency, i.e. the time point when the detection is defined as abnormal;

[0121] (3) According to the gas concentration detected by the spectral detection data, the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module is adjusted in a linear or exponential manner, wherein the formula for exponential adjustment is defined as follows:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; β is the adjustment parameter, that is, the rate of change of the control detection frequency with the degree of abnormal concentration; c detected is the currently detected gas concentration, c threshold is the preset abnormal concentration threshold.

[0124] In terms of further refinement of the leakage location information, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, in S04 of this solution, the suspected leakage area is further located, and the leakage location information is obtained and output including:

[0125] According to the spectrum detection data obtained by the joint scanning of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, the gas concentration at the corresponding detection area position is obtained, and the gas concentration is matched with the coordinates of the center of the detection area position;

[0126] Assume that the coordinates of the leakage point in the storage area are (x0, y0, z0); it causes an abnormal increase in the infrared spectrum detection concentration of the surrounding area position c (x, y, z). Therefore, the location of the leakage source can be deduced by the following diffusion model about the concentration gradient. The model formula is as follows:

[0127]

[0128] Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0);

[0129] Assuming that the ambient wind speed is stable and lower than the preset influencing wind speed value, and ignoring the influence of flow terms, the diffusion model can be defined as the diffusion-dominated model as follows:

[0130]

[0131] The gas concentration measured by the multiple infrared spectrum detection modules and the coordinates of the center of the corresponding detection area are used to determine the location of the leakage source using the multi-point inversion method. Assuming that the coordinates of the center of the detection area of ​​N infrared spectrum detection modules are (x i ,y i , z i ), and their corresponding measured concentrations are c(x i ,y i , z i , t); a formula model is established near the leakage source assuming that the concentration is exponentially decaying, as follows:

[0132]

[0133] in, represents the distance between the center of the detection area of ​​the external spectrum detection module and the leakage source, t is the leakage duration, D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function;

[0134] For each infrared spectrum detection module, the measured concentration satisfies the following definition:

[0135]

[0136] in,

[0137] The equations corresponding to the N infrared spectrum detection modules are sorted out, and the least square method is used to solve the leakage source position (x0, y0, z0), and the leakage location information is obtained and output; the optimization objective function is:

[0138]

[0139] In this embodiment, if the chemicals in the storage area are connected by containers or pipelines, the gas leakage intensity function Q(x, y, z, t) can be estimated based on the parameters on the container or pipeline, for example, by calculating the pressure in the container, gas type and other parameters. This is a common method and will not be described in detail here.

[0140] When the leakage location is unknown or can only be roughly known, the concentration data of the detection area can be reversely estimated through the infrared spectrum detection module to obtain the leakage source intensity of the leakage source or suspected leakage source area. The concentration data of the detection module at different positions can be used to estimate the leakage source intensity through diffusion model and inverse algorithm (such as least squares method).

[0141] If there is gas disturbance in the storage area, the leakage source intensity function can also be obtained through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. By establishing a simulation model containing a gas diffusion model, the actual detection data is input into the model, and the intensity and diffusion rate of the leakage source are determined through simulation. This is also a prior art, and the calculation and deduction principles will not be elaborated here.

[0142] Combination Figure 3 As shown, based on the above, this solution also provides a gas cloud monitoring method, which includes the gas leakage early warning method described above; it also includes:

[0143] S05. Obtain leakage location information, conduct gas cloud monitoring on the upper part of the storage area, and generate gas cloud monitoring information.

[0144] Specifically, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, this solution S05 includes:

[0145] S051. According to the leakage location information, the ambient wind speed in the area is collected to obtain the ambient wind speed u=(u x ,u y ,u z ); at the same time, obtaining the leakage source intensity Q (x, y, z, t) at the leakage source position, which is used to describe the escape rate of the gas at the leakage source;

[0146] S052. Establish a plume diffusion model and use the convection-diffusion equation to describe the diffusion behavior of the gas plume in space. This equation can be used to predict the concentration distribution of leaked gas under wind and diffusion. The formula is defined as follows:

[0147]

[0148] Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the intensity function of the gas leakage source, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0);

[0149] S053, using multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to perform high-frequency sampling of the concentration in the gas plume area, and analyzing the spectrum detection data fed back by the sampling to obtain concentration distribution data c (x, y, z, t); then using it to update the plume diffusion model in real time;

[0150] S054. The main diffusion path of the plume is represented based on the centerline of the gas plume, and this path is usually the area with the highest concentration. The position and direction of the plume centerline are tracked using the concentration gradient.

[0151] For the centerline tracking model, assume that at a certain position (x c ,y c , z c ), the concentration gradient direction is the largest, then the diffusion path of the plume centerline can be approximately defined as:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, r c =(x c ,y c , z c ) represents the position of the plume centreline; is the velocity of the plume centerline; u is the ambient wind speed; is the spatial gradient of concentration, which indicates the direction of change of gas concentration;

[0154] S055: Based on the concentration distribution data of S053 and the centerline tracking model established in S054, the diffusion of the gas plume is predicted in real time.

[0155] As an example of a preferred implementation option, preferably, in the present solution S055, the formula model for real-time prediction of the diffusion of the gas plume is defined as follows:

[0156]

[0157] Here, Δt is the time step.

[0158] Based on the above, the present solution also provides a method for managing hazardous chemicals at a port terminal, which is applied with the above-mentioned gas leakage warning method or the above-mentioned gas cloud monitoring method.

[0159] Combination Figure 4 As shown, based on the above, this solution also provides a gas leakage warning and monitoring system, which includes:

[0160] A plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area and are used to detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the chemical storage area at a preset detection frequency and detection angle to generate spectrum detection data;

[0161] An electric-controlled pan-tilt platform, the number of which corresponds to and is connected to a plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, and is used to control the posture of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection;

[0162] The device management unit is used to record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the position where it is deployed, and then associate it with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information;

[0163] A data detection unit, used to obtain spectrum detection information, detect spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generate a detection result;

[0164] A data judgment unit is used to obtain the test results and judge them according to preset conditions;

[0165] The early warning instruction unit obtains the judgment result generated by the data judgment unit, and generates an early warning instruction when the detection result indicates that there is a gas leak in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the early warning threshold; it is also used to associate the spectral detection information with it, form early warning information and output it;

[0166] The leakage positioning unit is used to obtain early warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the early warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage positioning information and output it.

[0167] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0168] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0169] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas leakage warning method for chemical storage monitoring, wherein a plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area, and each of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules is provided with an electric control pan / tilt for controlling the detection direction thereof, characterized in that: It includes: S01. Detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the storage area of ​​the chemical according to a preset detection frequency and detection angle by using an infrared spectrum detection module to generate spectrum detection data. At the same time, record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the deployed position, and then associate the data with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information. S02, obtaining spectrum detection information, detecting spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generating a detection result; S03. Obtain the detection results and judge them according to preset conditions. When the detection results indicate that there is a gas leakage in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the warning threshold, generate a warning instruction. At the same time, associate the spectral detection information with it to form warning information and output it.

2. The gas leakage early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes: S04. Obtain warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage location information and output it.

3. The gas leakage early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules has a unique ID number; In S01, the posture data detected by the infrared spectrum detection module includes the horizontal angle θ i and vertical angle The coordinates of its deployment location are recorded as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i is the ID number or preset serial number of the infrared spectrum detection module; when the spectrum detection data and the posture data are recorded, they are both correspondingly provided with a timestamp; In S04, the warning information is obtained, and the suspected leakage area pointed to by the warning information is roughly determined according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then a joint scan is performed by multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area, including: A041. Obtain warning information, extract the spectrum detection information associated with it, and then obtain the horizontal angle θ at the time of detection according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection described in the spectrum detection information. i and vertical angle and the coordinates of the locations where they are deployed (x i ,y i , z i ), and then roughly determine the scope of the storage area pointed to by the warning information, and set it as the suspected leakage area; A042, calling multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to jointly scan the suspected leakage area, and defining the deployment position of the infrared spectrum detection module in three-dimensional space as (x i ,y i , z i ), wherein i=1, 2, 3...N, which is the sequence number of the infrared spectrum detection module; The scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module is defined as a sector area, which has a central scanning angle and an angle range, and the coverage function C(r j ) is the grid point coordinate r where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas j The total number of covered points is set to maximize the total number of scan coverage of all grid points by each infrared spectrum detection module, while minimizing the overlapping area as the optimization goal, and establish an angle optimization model for multi-module coordination. The objective function is defined as follows: Among them, θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i , R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i , radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, when the grid point r j When it is in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0; through the function Ensure that each grid point is counted as covered at most once to avoid overlapping calculations; The conditions and constraints of the infrared spectrum detection module are as follows: Angle range limitation: The scanning angle range of each infrared spectrum detection module has physical limitations, that is, 0 < α i ≤α max ; Scanning distance limitation: The detection radius of each infrared spectrum detection module is limited by performance, that is, 0<R i ≤R max ; A043. Solve based on the optimization goal and assign an initial scanning angle θ to each infrared spectrum detection module i,0 and half-angle range α i,0 , the gradient descent method is used to adjust the central angle θ of each infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i , so that the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points is maximized, and its formula is defined as follows: Where C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module in a given posture, that is, the total number of spatial grid points effectively covered; θ i is the scanning center angle of infrared spectrum detection module i, α i is the scanning half-angle range of the infrared spectrum detection module i, and the scanning range is 2α; R i is the detection radius of infrared spectrum detection module i; r j =(x j ,y j , z j ), which is the grid point coordinates where the warning information points to the possible distribution of abnormal gas; S i (θ i , α i , R i ) is the infrared spectrum detection module i at the center angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i , radius R i The scanning area below; is the indicator function, which is used to determine the grid point r j Is it in the scanning area S of the infrared spectrum detection module i? i (θ i , α i , R i ), when the grid point t j When it is located in the scanning area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module i, the value is 1, otherwise it is 0; In the gradient descent method adjustment, the central angle θ of the infrared spectrum detection module i and half-angle range α i The update formula is as follows: Among them, η is the learning rate, k is the number of iterations, and C represents the total coverage area of ​​the infrared spectrum detection module under a given posture, that is, the total number of effectively covered spatial grid points; Respectively represent C versus scanning angle θ i 、Half-angle range α i The partial derivatives of , which respectively reflect the impact of adjusting these two parameters on the total coverage C; A044. Obtain the deployment position coordinates corresponding to the infrared spectrum detection module and the scanning angle θ defined by solving in the multi-module coordinated angle optimization model. i 、Half-angle range α i , its posture is controlled by the electric-controlled pan-tilt platform connected to it, and a plurality of the infrared spectrum detection modules are used for joint scanning to cover the suspected leakage area.

4. The gas leakage early warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S01, the infrared spectrum detection module detects gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the storage area of ​​the chemical at a first detection frequency; In S04, adjusting the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module includes: jointly scanning the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules at a second detection frequency; wherein the first detection frequency is lower than the second detection frequency; The method for adjusting the working frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module from the first detection frequency to the second detection frequency includes one of the following: (1) Switching is performed by setting the first detection frequency to be used in the daily detection state and the second detection frequency to be used in the joint scanning state; (2) The frequency adjustment formula model is used for adjustment, and its formula is defined as follows: f(t)=f0·(1+α·H(tT trigger )) Wherein, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; α is the adjustment coefficient of the detection frequency, which is used to indicate the degree of improvement of the detection frequency; H(tT trigger ) is a step function, which is used to represent the time T trigger Post-detection is defined as an increase in detection frequency when abnormal conditions occur; T trigger is the time that triggers the adjustment of the detection frequency, i.e. the time point when the detection is defined as abnormal; (3) According to the gas concentration detected by the spectral detection data, the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module is adjusted in a linear or exponential manner, wherein the formula for exponential adjustment is defined as follows: Among them, f(t) is the detection frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module at time t; f0 is the basic detection frequency, that is, the detection frequency during daily monitoring; β is the adjustment parameter, that is, the rate of change of the control detection frequency with the degree of abnormal concentration; c detected is the currently detected gas concentration, c threshold is the preset abnormal concentration threshold.

5. The gas leakage early warning method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: In the step S04, the suspected leakage area is further located, leakage location information is obtained and outputted including: According to the spectrum detection data obtained by the joint scanning of the plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, the gas concentration at the corresponding detection area position is obtained, and the gas concentration is matched with the coordinates of the center of the detection area position; Assume that the coordinates of the leakage point in the storage area are (x0, y0, z0); it causes an abnormal increase in the infrared spectrum detection concentration of the surrounding area position c (x, y, z). Therefore, the location of the leakage source can be deduced by the following diffusion model about the concentration gradient. The model formula is as follows: Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0); Assuming that the ambient wind speed is stable and lower than the preset influencing wind speed value, and ignoring the influence of flow terms, the diffusion model can be defined as the diffusion-dominated model as follows: The gas concentration measured by the multiple infrared spectrum detection modules and the coordinates of the center of the corresponding detection area are used to determine the location of the leakage source using the multi-point inversion method. Assuming that the coordinates of the center of the detection area of ​​N infrared spectrum detection modules are (x i ,y i , z i ), and their corresponding measured concentrations are c(x i ,y i , z i , t); a formula model is established near the leakage source assuming that the concentration is exponentially decaying, as follows: in, represents the distance between the center of the detection area of ​​the external spectrum detection module and the leakage source, t is the leakage duration, D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the gas leakage intensity function; For each infrared spectrum detection module, the measured concentration satisfies the following definition: in, The equations corresponding to the N infrared spectrum detection modules are sorted out, and the least square method is used to solve the leakage source position (x0, y0, z0), and the leakage location information is obtained and output; the optimization objective function is:

6. A gas cloud monitoring method, characterized in that: It includes the gas leakage early warning method according to any one of claims 2 to 5; It also includes: S05. Obtain leakage location information, conduct gas cloud monitoring on the upper part of the storage area, and generate gas cloud monitoring information.

7. A gas cloud monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: S05 includes: S051. According to the leakage location information, the ambient wind speed in the area is collected to obtain the ambient wind speed u=(u x ,u y ,u z ); at the same time, the leakage source intensity Q(x, y, z, t) at the leakage source position is obtained, which is used to describe the escape rate of the gas at the leakage source; S052. Establish a plume diffusion model and use the convection-diffusion equation to describe the diffusion behavior of the gas plume in space. This equation can be used to predict the concentration distribution of leaked gas under wind and diffusion. The formula is defined as follows: Where c(x, y, z, t) is the gas concentration at location c(x, y, z) in the storage area at time t; u = (u x ,u y ,u z ) is the environmental wind speed vector, which is measured by the wind speed sensor deployed in the storage area; D is the diffusion coefficient; Q(x, y, z, t) is the intensity function of the gas leakage source, and its value is not 0 at the leakage point coordinates (x0, y0, z0); S053, using multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to perform high-frequency sampling of the concentration in the gas plume area, and analyzing the spectrum detection data fed back by the sampling to obtain concentration distribution data c (x, y, z, t); then using it to update the plume diffusion model in real time; S054. The main diffusion path of the plume is represented based on the centerline of the gas plume, and this path is usually the area with the highest concentration. The position and direction of the plume centerline are tracked using the concentration gradient. For the centerline tracking model, assume that at a certain position (x c ,y c , z c ), the concentration gradient direction is the largest, then the diffusion path of the plume centerline can be approximately defined as: Among them, r c =(x c ,y c , z c ) represents the position of the plume centreline; is the velocity of the plume centerline; u is the ambient wind speed; is the spatial gradient of concentration, which indicates the direction of change of gas concentration; S055: Based on the concentration distribution data of S053 and the centerline tracking model established in S054, the diffusion of the gas plume is predicted in real time.

8. A gas cloud monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S055, the formula model for real-time prediction of the diffusion of gas plumes is defined as follows: Here, Δt is the time step.

9. A gas leak warning and monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes: A plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules are deployed within a preset range of the chemical storage area and are used to detect gas composition in the middle and / or upper area of ​​the chemical storage area at a preset detection frequency and detection angle to generate spectrum detection data; An electric-controlled pan-tilt platform, the number of which corresponds to and is connected to a plurality of infrared spectrum detection modules, and is used to control the posture of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection; The device management unit is used to record the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection and the coordinates of the position where it is deployed, and then associate it with the spectrum detection data to form spectrum detection information; A data detection unit, used to obtain spectrum detection information, detect spectrum detection data in the spectrum detection information, and generate a detection result; A data judgment unit is used to obtain the test results and judge them according to preset conditions; The early warning instruction unit obtains the judgment result generated by the data judgment unit, and generates an early warning instruction when the detection result indicates that there is a gas leak in the corresponding detection area or the gas concentration of the preset component exceeds the early warning threshold; It is also used to associate the spectrum detection information with it, form early warning information and output it; The leakage positioning unit is used to obtain early warning information, and roughly determine the suspected leakage area pointed to by the early warning information according to the posture data of the infrared spectrum detection module during detection in the spectrum detection information and the position coordinates of its deployment, and then perform joint scanning through multiple infrared spectrum detection modules to cover the suspected leakage area. At the same time, adjust the scanning frequency of the infrared spectrum detection module to further locate the suspected leakage area, obtain leakage positioning information and output it.

10. A method for managing hazardous chemicals at a port terminal, characterized in that: The invention is applied with the gas leakage warning method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 or with the gas cloud monitoring method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9.

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