Device for inductively supplying energy and method for producing same

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device for inductively supplying energy and a method for manufacturing the device. The method includes in-situ embedding a transmitting coil in or on a magnetisable bituminous mixture beneath a surface of a travelable building structure and configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to a receiving coil. The magnetisable asphalt mixture comprises an asphalt bonding substance and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetisable asphalt mixture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless charging technology, and more particularly, to an apparatus for supplying energy inductively, a method for manufacturing the apparatus, and a smart pavement system including the apparatus. Background Art

[0002] There are many wireless charging technologies that provide power to vehicles. One of the wireless charging technologies is electromagnetic induction charging technology, in which when current flows through a primary coil (also called a transmitting coil) connected to a power source, a magnetic field is generated, and the magnetic field acts as a medium for energy transfer, with the help of which a current is induced in a secondary coil (also called a receiving coil), which can be placed under the vehicle. Thus, the vehicle can be charged.

[0003] In some related technologies, in order to realize this electromagnetic induction charging, a device (transmitter) is built and installed inside the road surface. In this technology, installing the transmitter inside the road surface is prone to cracking. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a device for supplying energy in an inductive manner, a method for manufacturing the device, and a smart pavement system including the device.

[0005] According to one aspect, there is provided an apparatus for supplying energy inductively, comprising:

[0006] a transmitting coil embedded in situ in or on the magnetizable asphalt mix beneath the surface of the drivable building structure and configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil;

[0007] The magnetizable asphalt mixture includes asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

[0008] According to another aspect, there is provided an intelligent pavement system, comprising:

[0009] Device for supplying energy inductively, the device comprising:

[0010] a transmitting coil embedded in situ in or on the magnetizable asphalt mix beneath the surface of the drivable building structure and configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil;

[0011] Wherein, the magnetizable asphalt mixture comprises asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture;

[0012] The intelligent pavement system further includes a top layer of a drivable building structure, the top layer including an induction repair asphalt mixture;

[0013] The transmitting coil is configured to provide heating energy to the top layer in response to the presence of the crack.

[0014] According to another aspect, there is provided a method for manufacturing a device for inductively supplying energy to a vehicle, comprising:

[0015] preparing a magnetizable asphalt mixture and a surrounding asphalt mixture;

[0016] compacting the magnetizable asphalt mixture and surrounding asphalt mixture on a base of a drivable building structure so that the surrounding asphalt mixture surrounds the magnetizable asphalt mixture;

[0017] placing a transmitting coil on the newly laid magnetizable asphalt mixture layer so that the transmitting coil is embedded in or on the magnetizable asphalt mixture; and

[0018] providing a top layer covering the magnetizable asphalt mixture and surrounding asphalt mixture and the transmitting coil;

[0019] wherein the transmitting coil is configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil;

[0020] The magnetizable asphalt mixture includes asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and enable those skilled in the relevant art to understand how to make and use the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for supplying energy in an inductive manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic cross-section of the structure of a magnetizable asphalt mixture that may be used in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic cross section of a road with a magnetizable asphalt mixture surrounded by a normal asphalt mixture is shown.

[0025] Figure 4 The electromagnetic transmission from the transmitting coil is schematically shown.

[0026] Figure 5The relationship between the initial magnetic permeability of asphalt mixture and the volume fraction of ferrite is schematically shown.

[0027] Fig. 6A Shown are a ground assembly (GA) coil and the magnetic field generated by current flowing in the coil in the absence of a magnetizable asphalt mix.

[0028] Figure 6B Schematic illustration of a GA coil embedded in a magnetizable asphalt mixture core and a focused magnetic field generated by current flowing in the coil embedded in the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

[0029] Fig. 7A The smart pavement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0030] Figure 7B Another intelligent pavement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart for manufacturing an apparatus for supplying energy in an inductive manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Although specific configurations and devices are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other configurations and devices can be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It is obvious to those skilled in the relevant art that the present disclosure can also be used in various other applications.

[0033] Note that references in the specification to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "example embodiment", "some embodiments", "certain embodiments", etc. indicate that the described embodiments may include certain features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the certain features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it would be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the relevant art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described.

[0034] In general, terms may be understood at least in part based on their use in context. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein depends at least in part on the context and may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Similarly, terms such as "one," "an," or "the" may also be understood to express singular usage or to express plural usage, depending at least in part on the context. In addition, the term "based on" may be understood to not necessarily be intended to convey a set of exclusive factors, but may allow for the presence of additional factors that are not necessarily explicitly described, again depending at least in part on the context.

[0035] Before introducing the technology provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, some terms used in this document are first explained.

[0036] Asphalt Binder - A black cementitious material, usually derived from the residue of crude oil refining, used to bind aggregate particles together. In Europe, this material is called "bitumen".

[0037] Asphalt Mix - In a general sense, this is a mixture of crushed stone pieces (aggregate particles) of different sizes that are combined together to produce a mixture of aggregate particles coated with an asphalt binder. During the construction process, the aggregate particles are coated with the asphalt binder and the mixture is compacted on the road to produce an asphalt mix layer as part of the pavement structure.

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a novel device for providing inductive energy supply to, for example, any type of electric and / or hybrid vehicle (e.g., trucks, cars, forklifts, service vehicles, etc.) traveling or parked on an asphalt road, parking lot, or other asphalt surface by integrating one or more transmitting coils into the road surface at a sufficient depth to allow routine road maintenance practices to be performed on the road without affecting the device.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for supplying energy in an inductive manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1As shown, one or more transmitting coils 9 are arranged (optionally, the transmitting coils 9 can be arranged in series) and embedded in or on the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2. The transmitting coil 9 is configured to generate a magnetic field 4. In the figure, the spiral line schematically represents the magnetic field lines focused through the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 toward the receiver or receiving coil 6 (antenna) attached below the vehicle 3. When the vehicle 3 with one or more receiving coils 6 is within the range of the provided magnetic field 4, for example, if an AC voltage is induced in the one or more receiving coils 6, the one or more receiving coils 6 convert the magnetic field into electricity, which can be used to power the vehicle 3 or charge the vehicle battery 8. For example, the induced AC voltage can also be rectified and used for storage in the vehicle battery 8.

[0041] According to the embodiment shown, the transmitted electrical energy can also be forwarded directly to the drive 7 by means of a suitable control module 5. The AC voltage required to supply the transmitting coil 9 with the current required for energy transmission is generated by inverters, which are connected in a convenient way to the transmitting coil 9 embedded in or on the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2.

[0042] In the charging system for electric and / or hybrid vehicles described herein, the transmitting coil 9 through which current flows is connected to a power source (e.g., an inverter), thereby generating a magnetic field. This magnetic field serves as a medium for energy transfer, through which current is induced in the receiving coil 6 by the relative movement between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil or by the fluctuation of the magnetic field when an alternating current flows through the transmitting coil 9. In this arrangement, the transmitting coil 9 is embedded under the driving lane of the road, and the receiving coil 6 that receives the current is attached to the bottom of the vehicle.

[0043] For the novel device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting coil is placed as a component of the construction process of the drivable building structure (e.g., the road construction process) during on-site construction. Therefore, the transmitting coil and the magnetizable asphalt mixture and the surrounding asphalt mixture can form an integrated structure with suitable engineering properties for the drivable building structure (e.g., the road), so that good bonding properties can be achieved, thereby avoiding cracking of the drivable building structure.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the drivable building structure may be an asphalt road, or an asphalt ground surface inside or outside a building. For example, if the vehicle is a forklift or other vehicle that operates primarily indoors (e.g., a warehouse), the transmitting coil may be embedded in the ground or attached to the surface of the building ground.

[0045] Figure 2A schematic cross section of the structure of a magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 that can be used in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 includes an asphalt binding substance 11 and soft magnetic particles 10. The soft magnetic particles 10 can be coated with the asphalt binding substance 11, which is incorporated into a matrix to form the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2. The soft magnetic particles 10 are separated from each other by the asphalt binding substance 11.

[0046] The soft magnetic particles 10 may include soft ferrite particles or other types of magnetic particles. The particles may include at least two different sizes.

[0047] The bonding substance 11 may be at least one of an asphalt bonding agent, an epoxy resin, silicon, or an alternative bonding agent composed of a natural material or a synthetic amorphous material.

[0048] The magnetizable asphalt mixture is produced in a similar manner to a conventional asphalt mixture, except that a soft ferrite material is used instead of rock, and the particle size distribution is selected to obtain a high volume fraction of not less than 35% and up to 90% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2. For example, the volume fraction may be 70% to 85%. As another example, the volume fraction may be 80%. Figure 5 The initial magnetic permeability (μ) of the magnetizable pitch is shown as a function of the ferrite volume fraction (VF). r ).from Figure 5 It can be seen that the larger the volume fraction, the higher the initial permeability. The higher the initial permeability is chosen, the more stray fields can be avoided and the lower the magnetic losses. Lower magnetic losses can make the slab thinner and cheaper.

[0049] Aggregate particles in the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 need to be sufficiently packed together to occupy 35% to as high as 90% (e.g., 70% to 85%) of the volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2. This high percentage volume allows the magnetizable asphalt mixture to have the magnetic properties required for high energy transfer.

[0050] The magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 becomes part of a drivable construction structure (eg, a pavement structure) and is specified in a manner that complies with construction standards for a highway, runway, or other similar structure that will bear the loads for which the pavement structure is designed.

[0051] Thus, the device is a transmitting coil embedded in or on a magnetizable asphalt mixture, using an asphalt binder to produce a magnetizable asphalt mixture. Instead of the asphalt binder, this mixture can also be prepared with epoxy resin, silicon or an alternative binder consisting of natural materials or synthetic amorphous materials. The main components of the magnetizable asphalt mixture are one or more soft ferrite magnetic materials and a binder or a binder mixture applied at ambient temperature or higher. Typically, the asphalt binder is mixed with the aggregate at an elevated temperature of about 150°C. Alternative techniques can also be used to allow mixing and compacting at lower temperatures, even as low as ambient temperature (10 to 15°C). In the final magnetizable asphalt mixture, these components are mixed with each other as uniformly as possible.

[0052] The transmitting coil is embedded in the magnetizable asphalt mixture containing a bonding substance (eg, asphalt binder) that is compatible with the surrounding asphalt mixture (ie, the asphalt mixture surrounds the magnetizable asphalt mixture), so that it can be well bonded with its surrounding medium and become an integral part of the pavement structure.

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic cross section of a road with a magnetizable asphalt mixture surrounded by a normal asphalt mixture is shown. The magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 is integrated into the road surface / ground structure. The magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 is arranged below the road surface 1. The transmitting coil 9 is embedded on top of the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2. The lift lines 12 indicate the asphalt mixture layers used to build the road. The asphalt mixture layers are laid on a base layer 13 of the road structure.

[0054] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 is surrounded by ordinary asphalt mixture. The aggregate particles of the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 are different from those of the surrounding asphalt mixture. The magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 uses soft ferrite materials instead of rocks as aggregate particles, and the high volume fraction of soft ferrite particles enables the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 to have the magnetic properties required for high energy transfer. In addition, the asphalt binder in the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 is compatible with the surrounding asphalt mixture.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the device allows for on-site construction of a transmitter system that can be of any shape and size, embedded in an asphalt or asphalt mixture road / ground, can be of any shape and size in a simple manner, can be reliably integrated into the road while achieving optimal field focusing.

[0056] The magnetizable asphalt mix, the geometry of the transmit coil and its placement below the surface are designed in a manner that maximizes power transfer efficiency while reducing losses and stray fields that could affect communications or health devices. The magnetizable material with the embedded transmit coil is used to focus the magnetic field onto the receive coil in a manner that suppresses stray electromagnetic emissions. Fig. 6A Shown are a ground assembly (GA) coil and the magnetic field generated by current flowing in the coil in the absence of a magnetizable asphalt mix. Figure 6B Schematic illustration of a GA coil embedded in a magnetizable asphalt mixture core and a focused magnetic field generated by an electric current flowing in the coil embedded in the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

[0057] Examples of coils or coil systems used in the device (without intending to be limiting) are coils with a circular, oval, elliptical or polygonal cross section (e.g. square, quadrilateral, triangular or hexagonal). The coils are generally used to provide an alternating magnetic field, the frequency of which is in the range of 10 kHz to 500 kHz, in particular 20 kHz to 100 kHz (this is used as a rule). The necessary AC voltage and current are supplied in a manner known per se by an inverter, which is connected to the transmitting coil via a feeder line, which should advantageously be as short as possible.

[0058] The magnetizable asphalt mixture may have a magnetic permeability greater than 70, preferably 80, and for a specific embodiment, the magnetic permeability may be 82 and the saturation of the magnetizable asphalt mixture may be about 0.38 T. The core loss measured at a frequency of 50 kHz and a magnetic flux density of 50 mT may be less than 100 kW / m 3 , preferably less than 75kW / m 3， and more preferably less than 60 kW / m 3 .

[0059] Magnetic permeability is a measure of how easily the ferrite particles can be magnetized in the presence of an electric current. Saturation is the maximum strength of the magnetic flux that can be produced. The magnetic flux is measured in Tesla (T). Losses are described as the electrical energy that passes through the coil that is converted into heat instead of a magnetic field. The energy is measured in kilowatts per cubic meter of magnetizable asphalt mix (cubic meter refers to the volume of the magnetizable core). Losses are measured at a specific frequency of 50kHz and a magnetic flux of 50mT.

[0060] The magnetizable mix and coil arrangement can shape the magnetic field to ensure safety and protection by complying with International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) standards for minimizing spurious emissions.

[0061] ICNIRP is an international committee specializing in non-ionizing radiation protection. The organization's activities include setting exposure limits for electromagnetic fields used by devices such as mobile phones.

[0062] The FCC sets standards for spurious radiation emissions from devices that generate radiation (for example, in the case of transmitters in road surfaces.) These emission limits focus on controlling spurious radiation that may interfere with other electronic devices.

[0063] CISPR is an international committee that sets standards for electromagnetic interference and was founded in 1934. Its scope includes high-voltage equipment, electrical / electronic equipment in vehicles, radio frequency protection limits and electromagnetic compatibility.

[0064] Figure 4 The electromagnetic transmission from the transmitting coil is shown occurring in XYZ space. Figure 4 In the magnetic field strength model shown around a paired transmitting coil and receiving coil, the transmitting coil 9 is shown as 100mm below the road, ground plane 1, while the receiving coil 6 is 150mm above the surface. The circular dashed line 14 represents the distance of 1500mm from the center of the transmitting coil, at which the electromagnetic radiation is evaluated for health and safety. The contour line 15 shows the location beyond which the emission is below the threshold limit of 21.21μT peak. The emission limits are specified by ICNIRP, FCC and CISPR. In this figure, the X (horizontal axis) is the lateral direction through the width of the road, where the center of the transmitter coincides with the center of the lane width. The Z axis (vertical) is the vertical direction showing the height above or below the road surface. Looking into the figure, the Y axis represents the direction of travel along the road. The effect of metallic vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) on the shape of the magnetic field is not shown.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting coil may be a preformed transmitting coil made of a hollow conductive material and embedded in a newly laid magnetizable asphalt mixture layer during on-site construction in a manner that improves transmission efficiency and guides the magnetic field toward a receiving coil on a vehicle.

[0066] The transmitting coil can be made of copper tubing or other conductive metal (e.g., aluminum). Figure 6BAs shown, the transmitting coil 9 is made of a hollow tube of copper or other suitable highly conductive metal. In order to minimize aging and degradation of electrical insulation, the protective coating of the tube may have a high dielectric strength both at high frequencies and when subjected to large temperature changes. To this end, the transmitting coil is wrapped with a protective coating material to achieve this type of insulation, and the material can be selected from EPDM and silicone rubber materials, which also provide protection against degradation when in contact with the asphalt binder mixture. For example, the hollow coil tube needs to be wrapped in a protective sheath, which can be a heat shrink tubing, a protective dip bath, an enamel process, an insulating tape, or a dip and paint process. The insulation needs to comply with the electrical safety withstand voltage test (hipot). Hipot is an abbreviation for high potential, which is an industry term used to measure the electrical insulation ability of a material to resist current under high voltage (high potential).

[0067] In some other embodiments, Litz wire or similar conductive wire may be used to manufacture the coil instead of the hollow tube.

[0068] The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) are developing wireless charging technology standards with power levels ranging from kW to MW. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the magnetizable asphalt mixture and the transmitting coil are designed to achieve maximum efficiency, with the ability to transfer 1kW to up to 2MW of power from the power source to the vehicle at a minimum efficiency of 85% to meet the relevant technical standards.

[0069] The process of installing the magnetizable asphalt mix and coils can also be accomplished on existing roads (ie, retrofitted) by creating a channel in the center of the lane to allow for the magnetizable asphalt mix and coils to be embedded in a similar manner.

[0070] In some embodiments, transmitting coils embedded in or on magnetizable asphalt mixtures may also be used to self-repair cracks that occur in drivable building structures.

[0071] Fig. 7A The smart pavement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0072] The smart pavement system includes sensors 302 for detecting cracks. The sensors 302 may be considered to constitute a self-assessing system.

[0073] The smart pavement system uses the same transmitter assembly including the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 and the transmitter coil 9, which is used to transmit the magnetizable asphalt mixture 2 to the asphalt mixture 2. Figure 1 The vehicle shown is powered. The power can be used to heat the top layer 301 of the drivable building structure. The top layer 301 can include an induction repair asphalt mixture containing magnetizable metal particles that generate heat when subjected to a magnetic field in response to signals from a sensor 302 that detects cracks.

[0074] Figure 7B Another intelligent pavement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0075] like Figure 7B As shown, an alternative mechanism for triggering the transmitter coil 9 to operate may be an open circuit secondary coil 303, which is placed on a vehicle (the vehicle is used for the self-repairing process) that slowly moves on the top layer 301 of the induction repair asphalt mixture and starts the self-repairing process. For example, the open circuit secondary coil 303 can trigger the transmitter coil 9 to generate a magnetic field to supply heating energy to the induction repair asphalt mixture, thereby achieving self-repairing.

[0076] Smart pavement systems can be used for inductive self-repair of cracks in conductive asphalt concrete pavements to extend the service life of roads.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a sensor 302 may be included in the self-assessment system to collect data (e.g., strain or damage status), and the collected data may be transmitted to a controller to determine whether a crack exists. The controller may be implemented by a CPU (central processing unit), a microcontroller, a microprocessor, an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit), or other suitable circuits, and a program may optionally be run on the controller to determine whether a crack exists.

[0078] For smart pavement systems that are able to sense their internal conditions and external environment, the presence of cracks or microcracks is detected using a self-assessment system that triggers an automated process of on-demand repair by supplying current through an embedded transmitting coil until the sensed repair process has been successfully completed. This allows cracks or microcracks to be repaired and provides sustainable road maintenance at a greatly reduced cost, pollution, and traffic disruption.

[0079] Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a device for supplying energy in an inductive manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0080] In step 401, a magnetizable asphalt mixture and surrounding asphalt mixture are prepared.

[0081] In step 402, the magnetizable asphalt mixture and the surrounding asphalt mixture are compacted on the base of the drivable building structure so that the surrounding asphalt mixture surrounds the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

[0082] In step 403, a transmitting coil is arranged on the newly laid magnetizable asphalt mixture layer, so that the transmitting coil is embedded in or on the magnetizable asphalt mixture on site.

[0083] In step 404, a top layer covering the magnetizable asphalt mixture and the surrounding asphalt mixture and the transmitting coil is provided.

[0084] The transmitting coil is configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil. For example, the receiving coil may be placed on a vehicle.

[0085] The magnetizable asphalt mixture comprises asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

[0086] According to an embodiment, the top layer may include a normal asphalt mix (for conventional roads).

[0087] According to some other embodiments, the top layer may include an induction repair asphalt mixture. Such a top layer may be used for self-repairing roads.

[0088] According to an embodiment, providing the top layer may include providing a top layer including an induction repair asphalt mixture, the induction repair asphalt mixture including magnetizable metal particles that generate heat in response to a signal from a sensor when subjected to a magnetic field. In this embodiment, the transmitting coil may also be configured to transfer energy to the top layer.

[0089] According to an embodiment, the volume fraction of soft ferrite particles in the magnetizable asphalt mixture ranges from 35% to 90%.

[0090] According to an embodiment, the volume fraction of the soft ferrite particles is 70% to 85%.

[0091] According to an embodiment, the soft magnetic particles include at least two soft ferrite particles of different sizes; and the binding substance includes at least one of an asphalt binder, an epoxy resin, silicon, or a binder including a natural material or a synthetic amorphous material.

[0092] According to an embodiment, the transmitting coil is a preformed coil made of a rigid hollow conductive material, and the coil is coated with a protective coating material selected from the group consisting of EPDM and silicone rubber materials.

[0093] According to an embodiment, the transmitting coil is a conductive wire, such as a Litz wire.

[0094] According to an embodiment, the magnetizable asphalt mix and the transmitting coil are selected to achieve maximum efficiency, with the ability to transfer up to 2 MW of power from the power source to the vehicle at a minimum efficiency of 85%.

[0095] According to an embodiment, the aggregate particles of the magnetizable asphalt mixture are different from the aggregate particles of the surrounding asphalt mixture and from the induction repaired asphalt mixture of the top layer.

[0096] According to an embodiment, the binding substance in the magnetizable asphalt mixture is compatible with the surrounding asphalt mixture.

[0097] According to an embodiment, the magnetizable asphalt mixture is shaped to ensure field focusing of the magnetic field.

[0098] In the manufacturing method of the device, the transmitting coil is embedded or placed on the newly laid magnetizable asphalt mixture layer during on-site construction. The shape and size of the asphalt mixture can be flexibly designed to adapt to actual road conditions, and the transmitting coil and the asphalt mixture can be reliably integrated into the road.

[0099] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, so all changes or substitutions should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A device for supplying energy inductively, comprising: a transmitting coil embedded in situ in or on the magnetizable asphalt mix beneath the surface of the drivable building structure and configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil; The magnetizable asphalt mixture comprises asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The volume fraction of soft ferrite particles in the magnetizable asphalt mixture ranges from 35% to 90%.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein: The volume fraction of the soft ferrite particles is 70% to 85%.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The soft magnetic particles include at least two soft ferrite particles of different sizes; The bonding substance includes at least one of an asphalt bonding agent, an epoxy resin, silicon, or a bonding agent including a natural material or a synthetic amorphous material.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The transmitting coil is a preformed coil made of a rigid hollow conductive material, and the transmitting coil is coated with a protective coating material selected from EPDM and silicone rubber materials.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The transmitting coil is a conductive wire.

7. The device according to claim 6, wherein: The conductors are Litz wires.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The aggregate particles of the magnetizable asphalt mixture are different from the aggregate particles of the surrounding asphalt mixture.

9. The device according to claim 8, wherein: The binding substance in the magnetizable asphalt mixture is compatible with the surrounding asphalt mixture.

10. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetizable asphalt mixture is shaped to ensure field focusing of the magnetic field.

11. An intelligent pavement system, comprising: Device for supplying energy inductively, the device comprising: a transmitting coil embedded in situ in or on the magnetizable asphalt mix beneath the surface of the drivable building structure and configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil; Wherein, the magnetizable asphalt mixture comprises asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture; Wherein, the intelligent pavement system further comprises a top layer of the drivable building structure, and the top layer comprises an induction repair asphalt mixture; The transmitting coil is configured to provide heating energy to the top layer in response to the presence of a crack.

12. The intelligent pavement system according to claim 11, wherein: The smart pavement system also includes a sensor configured to detect the presence of a crack; The induction repair asphalt mixture includes magnetizable metal particles, which generate heat in response to signals from the sensor when subjected to a magnetic field.

13. The intelligent pavement system according to claim 11, further comprising: An open circuit secondary coil placed on the vehicle is used for the self-repairing process and is configured to trigger the transmitting coil to generate a magnetic field to provide heating energy to the induction repairing asphalt mixture.

14. A method for manufacturing a device for supplying energy inductively, comprising: preparing a magnetizable asphalt mixture and a surrounding asphalt mixture; compacting the magnetizable asphalt mixture and the surrounding asphalt mixture on a base of a drivable building structure so that the surrounding asphalt mixture surrounds the magnetizable asphalt mixture; Arranging a transmitting coil on the newly laid magnetizable asphalt mixture layer so that the transmitting coil is embedded in or on the magnetizable asphalt mixture; and Providing a top layer covering the magnetizable asphalt mixture, the surrounding asphalt mixture and the transmitting coil; wherein the transmitting coil is configured to provide a magnetic field to transfer energy to the receiving coil; The magnetizable asphalt mixture comprises asphalt binding material and soft magnetic particles, and the volume fraction of the soft magnetic particles is not less than 35% of the total mixture volume of the magnetizable asphalt mixture.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The top layer includes an induction repair asphalt mixture; Wherein, setting the top layer includes: providing said top layer including said induction repair asphalt mixture, said induction repair asphalt mixture including magnetizable metal particles that generate heat when subjected to a magnetic field in response to a signal from a sensor that detects the presence of a crack; Wherein, the transmitting coil is further configured to transfer energy to the top layer.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The volume fraction of soft ferrite particles in the magnetizable asphalt mixture ranges from 35% to 90%.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein: The soft magnetic particles include at least two soft ferrite particles of different sizes; The bonding substance includes at least one of an asphalt bonding agent, an epoxy resin, silicon, or a bonding agent including a natural material or a synthetic amorphous material.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The transmitting coil is a preformed coil made of a rigid hollow conductive material, and the coil is coated with a protective coating material selected from EPDM and silicone rubber materials.

19. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The transmitter coil is a wire.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The aggregate particles of the magnetizable asphalt mixture are different from the aggregate particles of the surrounding asphalt mixture and are different from the induction repair asphalt mixture of the top layer.

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