Guide plate structure, base station antenna and base station

Abstract

A guide plate structure, a base station antenna, and a base station are provided, relating to the field of antenna technology. The guide plate structure includes a first guide plate and at least one second guide plate. The first guide plate has a through-hole, and at least one second guide plate is disposed within the through-hole. A first end of the at least one second guide plate is fixedly connected to the first guide plate. At least one first branch is provided on the outer edge of the first guide plate, extending along the outer edge contour of the first guide plate, and is fixedly connected to the first guide plate. The first end of the second guide plate has an opening extending along the extension direction of the second guide plate, and a second branch is provided within the opening, extending along the extension direction of the second guide plate. The guide plate structure has wave transmission characteristics, which can broaden the bandwidth of low-frequency antennas in multi-frequency antennas and achieve wave transmission for high-frequency antennas in multi-frequency antennas, with relatively low interference to the radiation performance of high-frequency antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antennas, and more particularly to a directional patch structure, a base station antenna, and a base station. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the demand for communication system capacity is increasing, and broadband antennas and multi-frequency antennas are widely used in base station antennas. Adding a director to a low-frequency antenna can extend its bandwidth, achieving a broadband antenna. However, in multi-frequency antenna systems, the introduction of a director can significantly interfere with the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a guide plate structure, a base station antenna, and a base station to reduce the interference of the guide plate on the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a director sheet structure that can be disposed above an antenna structure. The director sheet structure may include a first director sheet and at least one second director sheet. The first director sheet may have a through-hole, and the at least one second director sheet may be disposed within the through-hole. A first end of the at least one second director sheet may be fixedly connected to the first director sheet. The outer edge of the first director sheet may have at least one first branch, which may extend along the outer edge contour of the first director sheet and may be fixedly connected to the first director sheet. The first end of the second director sheet may have an opening, which may extend along the extension direction of the second director sheet. A second branch may be disposed within the opening, and the second branch may extend along the extension direction of the second director sheet.

[0005] In the technical solution provided in this application, the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna can generate an induced current I1 on the first branch. The direction of the induced current I1 is opposite to the direction of the induced current I2 generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide plate. The induced currents I1 and I2 can cancel each other out, which is equivalent to no induced current being generated on the first guide plate. Thus, the arrangement of the first branch can achieve wave transmission of the first guide plate. The high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna can generate an induced current J1 on the second branch. The direction of the induced current J1 is opposite to the direction of the induced current J2 generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second guide plate. The induced currents J1 and J2 can cancel each other out, which is equivalent to no induced current being generated on the second guide plate. Thus, the arrangement of the second branch can achieve wave transmission of the second guide plate. Therefore, the guide plate structure has wave transmission characteristics, which can both broaden the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna and achieve wave transmission of the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna, with less interference to the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna. Meanwhile, the guide plate structure is positioned above the antenna structure. For example, the guide plate structure is positioned above the low-frequency antenna in a multi-frequency antenna. There is no direct electrical connection between the guide plate structure and the low-frequency antenna. The placement of the first and second branches has little impact on the impedance matching between the guide plate structure and the low-frequency antenna, and has little impact on the radiation performance of the low-frequency antenna.

[0006] In one specific implementation, the guide plate structure may include four second guide plates, which may be arranged axially around the through hole. Two of the second guide plates may be arranged along a first direction, and the other two may be arranged along a second direction, wherein the first and second directions may be perpendicular. The four second guide plates may each correspond to one of the four elements of a dipole-type low-frequency antenna, thereby extending the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna.

[0007] Specifically, when setting up the second branch, the second branch may include a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment may extend along the extension direction of the second guide piece. The second segment may be set parallel to the first segment. The first segment and the second segment may be fixedly connected through the third segment. The third segment may be fixedly connected to the second guide piece, thereby realizing the connection between the second branch and the second guide piece.

[0008] In one specific implementation, one end of the third segment can be fixedly connected to one end of the first segment, and the other end of the third segment can be fixedly connected to one end of the second segment. The first segment and the second segment can be located on the same side of the third segment. The third segment, the first segment, and the second segment together can form a U-shaped second branch. The second guide plate with an opening can also be regarded as a U-shaped structure. The induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second branch has a similar path and opposite direction to the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second guide plate, and can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the second guide plate to transmit waves.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the first guide piece can be circular. In another alternative embodiment, the first guide piece can be square.

[0010] In one specific implementation scheme, the first branch can be fixedly connected to the first guide piece via a first connector, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first branch and the first guide piece.

[0011] In one specific implementation, one end of the first connector can be fixedly connected to one end of the first branch, and the other end of the first connector can be fixedly connected to the first guide plate. In this way, the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first branch and the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide plate have similar paths but opposite directions, and can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the first guide plate to transmit waves.

[0012] In one specific implementation, the third segment can be fixedly connected to the second guide piece via a second connector, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the second branch and the second guide piece.

[0013] In one specific implementation, the second connector can be located on the same side of the third segment as the first and second segments, which can effectively utilize the layout space within the opening range of the second guide piece.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a base station antenna, which may include an antenna structure and a guide plate structure as described in any of the possible embodiments of the first aspect, wherein the guide plate structure is disposed above the antenna structure. The guide plate structure can both broaden the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna and enable wave transmission to the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna, resulting in less interference with the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna and a more ideal performance of the base station antenna.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides a base station that may include the base station antenna as described in the second aspect above. The base station has reliable performance and high stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 The above figure is a schematic diagram of the antenna feeding system of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna according to a possible embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4A possible architectural diagram of the guide plate structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the guide plate structure provided for one possible embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the induced current direction of a guide plate structure provided in a possible embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second branch of the guide plate structure provided in a possible embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the guide plate structure provided for another possible embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a guide plate structure provided for another possible embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 10 - Antenna; 20 - Mounting pole; 30 - Antenna adjustment bracket; 40 - Antenna cover;

[0027] 50 - Radio frequency processing unit; 60 - Signal processing unit; 70 - Cable; 80 - Power supply network;

[0028] 11-Radiation unit; 12-Reflector; 81-Transmission component; 82-Calibration network;

[0029] 83-Phase shifter; 84-Combiner; 85-Filter; 100-Directional segment structure;

[0030] 200 - Low-frequency antenna; 300 - High-frequency antenna; 110 - First guide plate; 120 - Second guide plate;

[0031] 130 - First branch; 140 - Second branch; 150 - First connector; 160 - Second connector;

[0032] 111 - Through hole; 121 - Opening; 141 - First section; 142 - Second section;

[0033] 143 - Third paragraph. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. The terms expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of this application are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this application. The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application are only for illustrating relative positional relationships and do not represent actual scale.

[0035] Specific details are set forth in the following description to aid in understanding this application; however, embodiments of this application can be implemented in various ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to an embodiment of this application is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture may include wireless access network devices and terminals, such as, but not limited to, wireless access network devices and terminals. Figure 1 The base station shown is used to enable wireless communication between the wireless access device and the terminal. This wireless access network device can be located in a base station subsystem (BSS), a UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN), or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), used for cell coverage of wireless signals to achieve connection between the terminal device and the wireless network radio frequency terminal. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or it can be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, a base station in a 5G network, or a base station in a future evolved PLMN network, etc., for example, a new wireless base station. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0037] Figure 2The diagram above illustrates the structure of an antenna feeding system for a base station according to one embodiment. The base station antenna feeding system typically includes an antenna 10, a mast 20, and an antenna adjustment bracket 30. The base station antenna 10 includes an radome 40, which possesses excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thus protecting the antenna system from external environmental influences. The radome 40 can be mounted on the mast 20 or a tower via the antenna adjustment bracket 30 to facilitate signal reception or transmission by the antenna 10.

[0038] Additionally, the base station may include a radio frequency (RF) processing unit 50 and a signal processing unit 60. For example, the RF processing unit 50 can perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 10, converting it into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal or a baseband signal and sending it to the signal processing unit 60. Alternatively, the RF processing unit 50 can up-convert and amplify the IF signal from the signal processing unit 60, converting it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 10 and transmitting it. The signal processing unit 60 can be connected to the feed structure of the antenna 10 via the RF processing unit 50, and is used to process the IF signal or baseband signal transmitted by the RF processing unit 50.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency processing unit 50 can be integrated with the antenna 10, and the signal processing unit 60 is located at the far end of the antenna 10. In some other embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 can also be located at the far end of the antenna 10 simultaneously. The radio frequency processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 can be connected via a cable 70.

[0040] More specifically, please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a base station antenna according to a possible embodiment of this application. Wherein, as... Figure 3 As shown, the base station antenna 10 may include radiating elements 11 and reflectors 12. The radiating element 11, also called an antenna element, is the basic structural unit of the antenna array, effectively radiating or receiving antenna signals. Different radiating elements 11 in the antenna 10 may have the same or different frequencies. The reflector 12, also called a base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflective surface, reflects and focuses the antenna signal onto the receiving point. The radiating elements 11 are typically placed on one side of the reflector 12. This not only significantly enhances the signal reception or transmission capability of the antenna 10 but also blocks and shields interference from other electromagnetic waves originating from the back of the reflector 12 (in this application, the back of the reflector 12 refers to the side opposite to where the radiating elements 11 are located) from affecting the antenna signal reception.

[0041] In the antenna 10 of the base station, the radiating element 11 is connected to the feed network 80. The feed network 80 is typically composed of controlled impedance transmission lines. The feed network 80 can feed signals to the radiating element 11 with a certain amplitude and phase, or send the received signals to the signal processing unit 60 of the base station with a certain amplitude and phase. In addition, the feed network 80 can achieve different radiation beam directions through the transmission component 81, or connect to the calibration network 82 to obtain the calibration signals required by the system. The feed network 80 may include a phase shifter 83 to change the maximum direction of antenna signal radiation. The feed network 80 may also include modules for extending performance, such as a combiner 84 (which can be used to combine signals of different frequencies into one for transmission through the antenna 10; or, in reverse, can be used to split the signals received by the antenna 10 into multiple paths according to different frequencies for transmission to the signal processing unit 60 for processing) and a filter 85 (used to filter out interference signals).

[0042] The guide plate structure provided in this application embodiment can be adapted to antenna 10 of a base station antenna. Multi-frequency antennas are widely used in base station antennas. Multi-frequency antennas typically include low-frequency antennas and high-frequency antennas. Adding a guide plate to the low-frequency antenna in a multi-frequency antenna can extend the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna and realize a broadband antenna. However, the introduction of the guide plate will cause strong interference to the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna.

[0043] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a guide plate structure to reduce the interference of the guide plate on the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna and ensure the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna. The guide plate structure is described in detail below.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This diagram illustrates a possible architecture of the director slice structure provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the guide plate structure 100 can be positioned above the antenna structure; for example, the guide plate structure 100 can be positioned above the low-frequency antenna 200 in a multi-frequency antenna. The term "above" here is based on... Figure 4 The orientation of the low-frequency antenna 200 corresponds to the end of the low-frequency antenna 200 furthest from the reflector 12. The guide plate structure 100 can be fixed above the low-frequency antenna 200 by means of insulating brackets or other fasteners. There is no direct electrical connection between the guide plate structure 100 and the low-frequency antenna 200, nor is there a direct electrical connection between the guide plate structure 100 and the high-frequency antenna 300.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a director sheet structure provided in one possible embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5As shown, the guide plate structure may include a first guide plate 110 and at least one second guide plate 120. The first guide plate 110 may have a through hole 111. At least one second guide plate 120 may be disposed within the through hole 111 of the first guide plate 110. Specifically, a first end of the at least one second guide plate 120 may be fixedly connected to the first guide plate 110, and a second end may be free.

[0046] In a specific implementation, the outer edge of the first guide piece 110 may be provided with at least one first branch 130, the at least one first branch 130 may extend along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110, and the at least one first branch 130 may be fixedly connected to the first guide piece 110. The first end of the second guide piece 120 may have an opening 121, the opening 121 may extend along the extension direction of the second guide piece 120, and a second branch 140 may be provided in the opening 121, the second branch 140 may extend along the extension direction of the second guide piece 120.

[0047] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the induced current direction of a director plate structure provided in one possible embodiment of this application. (Combined with...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the guide plate structure allows the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna to generate an induced current I1 on the first branch 130. The direction of the induced current I1 is opposite to the direction of the induced current I2 generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide plate 110. The induced currents I1 and I2 can cancel each other out, which is equivalent to no induced current being generated on the first guide plate 110. Thus, the arrangement of the first branch 130 can enable the first guide plate 110 to transmit waves. The high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna can generate an induced current J1 on the second branch 140. The direction of the induced current J1 is opposite to the direction of the induced current J2 generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second guide plate 120. The induced currents J1 and J2 can cancel each other out, which is equivalent to no induced current being generated on the second guide plate 120. Thus, the arrangement of the second branch 140 can enable the second guide plate 120 to transmit waves. Therefore, the guide plate structure has wave transmission characteristics, which can both broaden the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna and enable wave transmission of the high-frequency antenna in the multi-frequency antenna, with less interference to the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna. Meanwhile, there is no direct electrical connection between the guide plate structure and the low-frequency antenna. The arrangement of the first branch 130 and the second branch 140 has little impact on the impedance matching between the guide plate structure and the low-frequency antenna, and has little impact on the radiation performance of the low-frequency antenna.

[0048] As one possible implementation, the guide plate structure may include four second guide plates 120. Specifically, the four second guide plates 120 may be arranged axially around the through hole 111. Two of the four second guide plates 120 may be arranged along a first direction, and the other two second guide plates 120 may be arranged along a second direction. The first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. In actual installation of the guide plate structure, the four second guide plates 120 may correspond to the four elements (or radiating arms) of a dipole-type low-frequency antenna, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the low-frequency antenna. In specific implementation, one end of each second guide plate 120 may be fixedly connected to the first guide plate 110, while the other end may be free. The other end of the second guide plate 120 may be triangular, and the other ends of the four second guide plates 120 may converge towards each other, forming a cross-shaped gap between the other ends of the four second guide plates 120.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first branch 130 can be fixedly connected to the region on the first guide segment 110 corresponding to two adjacent second guide segments 120, and this region can be fixedly connected to two first branches 130. For example... Figure 1 As shown, when the guide plate structure includes four second guide plates 120, the outer edge of the first guide plate 110 can be fixedly connected to eight first branches 130 along the circumferential direction.

[0050] When specifically connecting the first branch 130, the first branch 130 can be fixedly connected to the first guide piece 110 via the first connector 150. Specifically, one end of the first connector 150 can be fixedly connected to one end of the first branch 130, and the other end of the first connector 150 can be fixedly connected to the first guide piece 110, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first branch 130 and the first guide piece 110. The first branch 130 and the first connector 150 can be welded to achieve a fixed connection, and the first connector 150 and the first guide piece 110 can also be welded to achieve a fixed connection; alternatively, the first branch 130, the first connector 150, and the first guide piece 110 can be integrally formed; alternatively, the first branch 130 and the first connector 150 can be integrally formed, and the first connector 150 and the first guide piece 110 can be welded; alternatively, the first connector 150 and the first guide piece 110 can be integrally formed, and the first branch 130 and the first connector 150 can be welded.

[0051] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the structure of the second branch of a director piece structure provided in one possible embodiment of this application. (Combined with...) Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, in one possible implementation, the second branch 140 may include a first segment 141, a second segment 142, and a third segment 143. The first segment 141 may extend along the extension direction of the second guide piece 120, and the second segment 142 may be arranged parallel to the first segment 141. The first segment 141 and the second segment 142 may be fixedly connected by the third segment 143. In a specific implementation, one end of the third segment 143 may be fixedly connected to one end of the first segment 141, and the other end of the third segment 143 may be fixedly connected to one end of the second segment 142. The first segment 141 and the second segment 142 may be located on the same side of the third segment 143, and the third segment 143, the first segment 141, and the second segment 142 together may form a U-shaped structure of the second branch 140. The first end of the second guide piece 120 has an opening 121. The second guide piece 120 can also be regarded as a U-shaped structure. The induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second stub 140 has a similar path and opposite direction to the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the second guide piece 120, and can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the second guide piece 120 to transmit waves. Specifically, when connecting the second stub 140, the third segment 143 can be fixedly connected to the second guide piece 120, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the second stub 140 and the second guide piece 120.

[0052] In actual installation, the third segment 143 can be fixedly connected to the second guide piece 120 via the second connector 160. Specifically, one end of the second connector 160 can be fixedly connected to the third segment 143, and the other end of the second connector 160 can be fixedly connected to the second guide piece 120, thus achieving a fixed connection between the third segment 143 and the second guide piece 120, and consequently, a fixed connection between the second branch 140 and the second guide piece 120. The third segment 143 and the second connector 160 can be welded to achieve a fixed connection, and the second connector 160 and the second guide piece 120 can also be welded to achieve a fixed connection; alternatively, the third segment 143, the second connector 160, and the second guide piece 120 can be integrally formed; alternatively, the third segment 143 and the second connector 160 can be integrally formed, and the second connector 160 and the second guide piece 120 can be welded; alternatively, the second connector 160 and the second guide piece 120 can be integrally formed, and the third segment 143 and the second connector 160 can be welded. The second connector 160 can be located on the same side of the third segment 143 as the first segment 141 and the second segment 142, which can effectively utilize the layout space within the opening 121 of the second guide piece 120.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first guide piece 110 can be circular. The through hole 111 can be a circular hole. In this case, the first guide piece 110 is specifically annular. The first direction and the second direction can be the radial directions of the through hole 111, that is, the first direction can be the radial direction of the through hole 111, and the second direction can also be the radial direction of the through hole 111. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In a specific implementation, the overall outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is circular, and the partial outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is arc-shaped. The first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110. Thus, the first branch 130 can be an arc-shaped structure. In this way, the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first branch 130 and the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide piece 110 have similar paths and opposite directions, which can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the first guide piece 110 to transmit waves.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a director sheet structure provided in another possible embodiment of this application is shown. (See diagram below.) Figure 8 As shown, the first guide piece 110 can be square. The through hole 111 can be square. In this case, the first guide piece 110 is specifically a square ring. The first direction and the second direction can be the directions of the diagonals of the through hole 111, respectively, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In specific implementation, the first branch 130 can be fixedly connected to the side length of the square first guide piece 110. The side length of the square first guide piece 110 is straight. The first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110. Thus, the first branch 130 can be a straight structure. The induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first branch 130 and the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide piece 110 have similar paths and opposite directions, which can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the first guide piece 110 to transmit waves.

[0055] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a director sheet structure provided in another possible embodiment of this application is shown. (See diagram below.) Figure 9 As shown, the first guide piece 110 can be square. The through hole 111 can be square, in which case the first guide piece 110 is specifically a square ring, which is different from... Figure 8In the illustrated embodiment, the first direction and the second direction can be the directions along the side length of the through hole 111, respectively, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. Similarly, in a specific implementation, the first branch 130 can be fixedly connected to the side length of the square first guide piece 110. The side length of the square first guide piece 110 is straight, and the first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110. Thus, the first branch 130 can be a straight structure. The induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first branch 130 and the induced current generated by the high-frequency antenna on the first guide piece 110 have similar paths but opposite directions, and can cancel each other out, thereby enabling the first guide piece 110 to transmit waves.

[0056] The above description introduces several embodiments of the first guide piece 110 and the first branch 130. In addition to the embodiments described above, the first guide piece 110 and the first branch 130 may also have other embodiments, which are listed below.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first guide piece 110 can be circular, and the through hole 111 can be square. In this case, the first guide piece 110 is specifically an annular shape with an outer circle and an inner square. The first direction and the second direction can be the directions of the diagonals of the through hole 111, respectively, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In a specific implementation, the overall outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is circular, and the partial outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is arc-shaped. The first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110, thus the first branch 130 can be an arc-shaped structure.

[0058] In another embodiment, the first guide piece 110 can be circular, and the through hole 111 can be square. In this case, the first guide piece 110 is specifically an annular shape with an outer circle and an inner square. Unlike the previous embodiment, the first direction and the second direction can be the directions of the side length of the through hole 111, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In specific implementation, the overall outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is circular, and the partial outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110 is arc-shaped. The first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110, thus the first branch 130 can be an arc-shaped structure.

[0059] In another embodiment, the first guide piece 110 can be square, and the through hole 111 can be round. In this case, the first guide piece 110 is specifically an annular shape with a square outer edge and a round inner edge. The first direction and the second direction can be the radial direction of the through hole 111, that is, the first direction can be the radial direction of the through hole 111, and the second direction can also be the radial direction of the through hole 111. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. In a specific implementation, the first branch 130 can be fixedly connected to the side length of the square first guide piece 110. The side length of the square first guide piece 110 is straight. The first branch 130 extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece 110. Thus, the first branch 130 can be a straight structure.

[0060] It is understandable that the above examples of the first guide piece 110 and the first branch 130 can be implemented in several possible ways. In actual application, the appropriate method can be selected according to specific needs. Of course, other feasible implementation methods can also be adopted in actual application, and specific settings can be made according to the actual situation.

[0061] The various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0062] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A guide plate structure for mounting above an antenna structure, characterized in that, It includes a first guide piece and at least one second guide piece, the first guide piece having a through hole, the at least one second guide piece being disposed in the through hole, and a first end of the at least one second guide piece being fixedly connected to the first guide piece; The outer edge of the first guide piece is provided with at least one first branch, the at least one first branch extends along the outer edge contour of the first guide piece, and the at least one first branch is fixedly connected to the first guide piece; The first end of the second guide piece has an opening that extends along the extension direction of the second guide piece, and a second branch is provided in the opening that extends along the extension direction of the second guide piece.

2. The guide plate structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes four second guide pieces, which are axially arranged around the through hole. Two of the second guide pieces are arranged along a first direction, and the other two are arranged along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

3. The guide plate structure as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second branch includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment extends along the extension direction of the second guide piece. The second segment is arranged parallel to the first segment. The first segment and the second segment are fixedly connected by the third segment. The third segment is fixedly connected to the second guide piece.

4. The guide plate structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the third segment is fixedly connected to one end of the first segment, and the other end of the third segment is fixedly connected to one end of the second segment. The first segment and the second segment are located on the same side of the third segment.

5. The guide plate structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first guide segment is circular.

6. The guide plate structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first guide plate is square.

7. The guide plate structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first branch is fixedly connected to the first guide piece via the first connector.

8. The guide plate structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the first connector is fixedly connected to one end of the first branch, and the other end of the first connector is fixedly connected to the first guide piece.

9. The guide plate structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The third segment is fixedly connected to the second guide piece via the second connector.

10. The guide plate structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The second connector is located on the same side of the third segment as the first segment and the second segment.

11. A base station antenna, characterized in that, Includes an antenna structure and a guide plate structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The guide plate structure is positioned above the antenna structure.

12. A base station, characterized in that, Includes the base station antenna as described in claim 11.

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