Radiating unit, base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention provides a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station. The radiation unit comprises a main radiation body, a parasitic unit and a balun, the main radiator comprises a radiating surface; the parasitic unit is located right above the radiating surface and comprises a guide sheet coupled with the radiating surface and a resonant ring coupled with the radiating surface and used for exciting a high-frequency signal; the resonant ring is coupled with the guide sheet; the balun is fixedly connected with the main radiator, and the balun is provided with a feeder line used for feeding the radiating surface. In the technical scheme, the guiding sheet and the resonant ring are respectively coupled with the radiating surface, the guiding sheet can converge the impedance of the radiating unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonant point. Besides, through the coupling between the guiding sheet and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guiding sheet can be changed, the resonant mode can be adjusted, and impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover a high-frequency band, the radiation unit can be compatible with a 5G frequency band, and the broadband requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the fifth-generation communication system (5G), base station antennas need to be compatible with the 5G frequency band on the original basis, achieve broadband, and have good directional pattern indicators. However, it is difficult to achieve broadband when using full-wave oscillators in existing base station antennas. The widest base station antenna using full-wave oscillators can only support 1.7-2.7GHz, which cannot meet the latest broadband requirements and is not compatible with the 5G frequency band. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station, which are used to improve the performance of the radiation unit.

[0004] The present application provides a radiation unit, which includes a main radiator, a parasitic unit and a balun; wherein:

[0005] The main radiator includes a radiating surface;

[0006] The parasitic unit is located directly above the radiation surface, and the parasitic unit includes a guide plate coupled to the radiation surface, and a resonant ring coupled to the radiation surface and used to excite a high-frequency signal; wherein the resonant ring is coupled to the guide plate;

[0007] The balun is fixedly connected to the main radiator, and a feeding line for feeding power to the radiating surface is arranged on the balun.

[0008] In the above technical solution, by using the guide plate and the resonant ring to couple with the radiation surface respectively, the guide plate can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guide plate can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band and meeting the broadband requirements.

[0009] In a specific implementation scheme, the area enclosed by the resonant ring is a cross shape, and the guide plate is a square plate;

[0010] The four inwardly bent corners of the resonant ring are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the resonant ring is a regular octagonal ring structure, and the guide plate is a square plate;

[0012] The four sides of the resonance ring arranged at intervals are parallel to the four sides of the guide plate; and the other four sides of the resonance ring arranged at intervals are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0013] In a specific possible implementation manner, the resonant rings enclose a tic-tac-toe-shaped area, and the guide plate is a circular plate.

[0014] In a specific implementation manner, the resonant ring is a closed ring structure.

[0015] In a specific possible implementation manner, the current path of the resonant ring is the entire wavelength of the high frequency band signal.

[0016] In a specific implementation scheme, the high frequency band is 3.5 GHz to 3.8 GHz.

[0017] In a specific possible implementation manner, the parasitic unit further includes a supporting structure, and the supporting structure is fixedly connected to the main radiator; the guide plate and the resonant ring are both arranged on the supporting structure.

[0018] In a specific possible implementation manner, the resonant ring and the guide plate are located in the same layer, and the resonant ring is nested outside the guide plate.

[0019] In a specific possible implementation manner, along the radiation direction of the main radiator, the resonant ring and the guide plate are arranged at intervals; and the resonant ring is located between the main radiator and the guide plate.

[0020] In a specific implementation manner, the perimeter of the guide plate is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of the central frequency of the radiation surface.

[0021] In a specific possible implementation manner, a gap is provided on the guide plate.

[0022] In a specific possible implementation manner, the slit is a cross-shaped slit.

[0023] In a specific possible implementation manner, the radiation surface has an inner ring portion and an outer ring portion, and the outer ring portion has a bending gap.

[0024] In a second aspect, a base station antenna is provided, which includes a support base, and a plurality of radiation units described in any one of the above items arranged on the support base.

[0025] In the above technical solution, by using the guide plate and the resonant ring to couple with the radiation surface respectively, the guide plate can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guide plate can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band and meeting the broadband requirements.

[0026] According to a third aspect, a base station is provided, comprising any one of the radiation units described above.

[0027] In the above technical solution, by using the guide plate and the resonant ring to couple with the radiation surface respectively, the guide plate can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guide plate can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band and meeting the broadband requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a parasitic unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 Another structural schematic diagram of a parasitic unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 Another structural schematic diagram of a parasitic unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Another structural schematic diagram of a parasitic unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a simulation of the standing wave ratio of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing a gain comparison between the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application and the existing radiation unit;

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a standing wave ratio simulation of another radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in one or more embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, its application scenario is first described. The radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is used in a base station antenna to transmit or receive signals.

[0040] The base station antenna in the prior art can use full-wave dipoles and half-wave dipoles, wherein the length of the full-wave dipole is a whole wavelength of the corresponding frequency band, and the length of the half-wave dipole is half of the wavelength of the corresponding frequency band. Therefore, for the radiation unit using the full-wave dipole, its diameter is larger than that of the radiation unit using the half-wave dipole.

[0041] For the radiation unit using a half-wave oscillator, the broadband of the half-wave oscillator can be improved by arranging a guide plate and a resonant ring. Specifically, the guide plate is located on one side of the radiation signal of the half-wave oscillator and is coupled with the half-wave oscillator. The impedance matching can be optimized by adjusting the coupling current between the half-wave oscillator and the guide plate. The resonant ring is nested outside the half-wave oscillator and is coupled with the half-wave oscillator, thereby exciting a resonance mode at a specific frequency point and widening the bandwidth.

[0042] As for full-wave oscillators, due to their large aperture, it is difficult to achieve broadband. The existing full-wave oscillator technology can only support 1.7-2.7GHz at its widest, which cannot meet the latest broadband requirements and is not compatible with the 5G frequency band. For this reason, the embodiment of the present application provides a radiating unit to improve the broadband performance of the radiating unit using the oscillator.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the main radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown. The main structure of the radiating unit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a main radiator 10, a parasitic unit 20 and a balun 30. Among them, the main radiator 10 is used to radiate electromagnetic signals to realize the function of receiving and sending signals of the base station antenna. The parasitic unit 20 is coupled with the main radiator 10, and improves the performance of the radiating unit through the coupled current. The balun 30 is fixedly connected to the main radiator 10, and a feeder 31 electrically connected to the main radiator is provided on the balun 30 to transmit electromagnetic signals.

[0044] The radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a base station antenna using a half-wave dipole or a full-wave dipole. For the convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present application, the radiation unit is described as being applied to a base station antenna using a full-wave dipole.

[0045] Continue to refer Figure 1 In a specific configuration, the main radiator 10 includes a radiating surface 11, and the radiating surface 11 includes a plurality of radiating branches 12, and the plurality of radiating branches 12 radiate electromagnetic signals, such as full-wave signals. When carrying multiple radiating branches 12, as an implementable solution, the main radiator 10 also includes a dielectric plate, and the radiating branches 12 are arranged on the dielectric plate, such as the plurality of radiating branches 12 are formed by printed circuits, and the printed circuits are directly formed on the dielectric plate. Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned exemplary solutions, the radiating surface 11 can also be formed in other ways, such as by metal wires.

[0046] Continue to refer Figure 1 As shown, the parasitic unit 20 is stacked with the main radiator 10, and the parasitic unit 20 is located directly above the main radiator 10. When the parasitic unit 20 and the main radiator 10 are specifically arranged, there is a gap between the two. The gap is used to adjust the coupling strength between the parasitic unit 20 and the main radiator 10. Exemplarily, when the parasitic unit 20 is close to the main radiator 10, the current coupled out by the parasitic unit 20 is large, and when the parasitic unit 20 is far from the main radiator 10, the current coupled out by the parasitic unit 20 is small.

[0047] The parasitic unit 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a guide plate 21 and a resonant ring 22. When the parasitic unit 20 is coupled with the main radiator 10, the guide plate 21 is coupled with the radiating surface 11, and at the same time, the resonant ring 22 is also coupled with the radiating surface 11. That is, in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the radiating surface 12 (e.g. Figure 1 In the direction shown by the straight line with an arrow in FIG), the guide plate 21 overlaps with the radiation surface 11, and the resonant ring 22 also overlaps with the radiation surface 11, and coupling is performed through the overlapping area.

[0048] In addition, the resonant ring 22 is also coupled to the guide plate 21. That is, the resonant ring 22, the radiation surface 11, and the guide plate 21 are coupled to each other. The coupling of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 with the radiation surface 11 is referred to as the coupling of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 with the radiation branch 12 in the radiation surface 11.

[0049] The resonant ring 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application will excite a high-frequency signal when coupled with the radiating surface 11 of the main radiator 10. The high-frequency signal is a signal of the 5G frequency band, so that the radiating unit can widen the bandwidth to meet the requirements of covering the 5G frequency band. Exemplarily, the high-frequency frequency band can be the 3.3GHz to 3.8GHz frequency band. Of course, 5G frequency band signals of other ranges can also be selected as needed.

[0050] When the guide plate 21 is coupled with the radiation surface 11, a current will be excited on the guide plate 21, thereby enhancing the radiation effect of the antenna in the set direction. In addition, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are also coupled to generate an induced current, so that the induced current generated on the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can adjust the impedance of the entire antenna. In addition, by adjusting the spacing between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21, the current intensity of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the 2.3-3.8GHz frequency band.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the resonant ring 22 is located at the main radiator 10. Compared with the resonant ring in the prior art that is nested outside the main radiator 10, the resonant ring 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be relatively small in size. After coupling with the main radiator 10 and the guide plate 21, it generates a high-frequency signal, which reduces the deterioration of the standing wave ratio and the radiation pattern of individual frequency points caused by the excessive length of the resonant ring 22, thereby improving the performance of the radiation unit.

[0052] It can be seen from the above description that in the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, by using the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 to couple with the radiation surface 11 respectively, the guide plate 21 can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring 22 can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22, the current intensity of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band, expanding the bandwidth of the radiation unit, and meeting the broadband demand.

[0053] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be either a plane distance or a spatial distance. That is, when the parasitic unit 20 is specifically arranged, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be arranged in different ways. For example, in one feasible implementation scheme, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be arranged in the same layer, and at this time, the resonant ring 22 is nested on the outside of the guide plate 21. In another feasible scheme, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be arranged in different layers. Exemplarily, along the radiation direction of the main radiator 10, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are arranged at intervals, and the resonant ring 22 is located between the main radiator 10 and the guide plate 21.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 to Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2 to Figure 4 A specific solution of arranging the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 in the same layer is exemplified in FIG. Figure 2 to Figure 4 It can be seen that when the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 are arranged in the same layer, the resonant ring 22 is nested outside the guide plate 21, and there is a certain distance between the two, which is the plane distance.

[0055] When the parasitic unit 20 is specifically provided, the parasitic unit 20 may further include a support structure, which is used to support the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22. Exemplarily, the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 are both provided on the support structure. As an example, the support structure may be a dielectric plate 24 or other support structure that can support the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22.

[0056] exist Figure 2 The middle support structure adopts a dielectric plate 24, and the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 are arranged on the dielectric plate 24 in the same layer. As an example, the parasitic unit 20 can be a printed circuit board, and the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 can be formed by directly printing a circuit on the dielectric plate 24. That is, in the solution disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20 can both be prepared by using a printed circuit board, which facilitates the preparation of the circuits on the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20 on the one hand, and reduces the weight of the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20 on the other hand.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 5 The specific structure in which the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are arranged in different layers is exemplified. Figure 5 It can be seen that the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are arranged along the height direction of the radiation unit (radiation direction of the main radiator 10 ), and the resonant ring 22 is located between the guide plate 21 and the main radiator 10 .

[0058] In the specific arrangement, an integrally-injected substrate 25 is used as a supporting structure, and two supporting surfaces arranged at intervals along the height direction of the radiation unit are formed on the substrate 25. A metallized layer is etched by laser on one of the supporting surfaces to form a guide plate 21, and a resonant ring 22 is formed on the other supporting surface by laser etching the metallized layer. At this time, the distance between the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 is a spatial distance.

[0059] When the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 are arranged in space, the shape between the two can be more flexible and will not be interfered with each other in size. For example, the resonant ring 22 can be partially located directly below the guide plate 21, so that the arrangement of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 is more flexible.

[0060] Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned method of using the substrate 25 as a supporting structure to realize the arrangement of the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 in different layers, other methods can also be used. For example, a dielectric plate can also be used to support the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21, and the two can be arranged in different layers. For example, the guide plate 21 is located on one surface of the dielectric plate 24, and the resonant ring 22 is located on the other surface of the dielectric plate 24. Or the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 are located on the same surface of the dielectric plate 24, but at different heights.

[0061] It should be understood that no matter which of the above-mentioned methods is used to arrange the parasitic unit 20 , it is necessary to ensure the coupling between the guide plate 21 and the resonant ring 22 , and the coupling between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 11 .

[0062] When the parasitic unit 20 and the main radiator 10 are relatively fixed, the support member ( Figure 1 1 and 1 ). Exemplarily, the support member is located between the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20, and is fixedly connected to the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20, respectively. The support member may be a plastic support member or other insulating support member, and the two ends of the support member are fixedly connected to the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20 one by one, such as by bonding or by threaded connectors (bolts or screws). Thus, the main radiator 10 and the parasitic unit 20 can be relatively fixed. In addition, when the parasitic unit 20 and the main radiator 10 are relatively fixed, the coupling strength between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the parasitic unit 20 and the main radiator 10.

[0063] In a specific example, when the support structure is a substrate 25, the support member and the substrate 25 may be prepared in an integrated structure. That is, the substrate 25 of the parasitic unit 20 has an extended column 251, and the column 251 may be fixedly connected to the main radiator 10 to fix the parasitic unit 20 to the main radiator 10.

[0064] When the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are arranged, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 may overlap in the center, so that a centrally symmetrical structure is formed between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21, so as to ensure the coupling effect between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21. In one example, the center of the resonant ring 22, the center of the guide plate 21, and the center of the radiation surface 11 are located on the same axis to form an axially symmetrical figure, thereby improving the coupling effect between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 11.

[0065] In addition, the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 may adopt different shapes and structures. The following is an example of several structures of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 in conjunction with specific drawings.

[0066] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the area surrounded by the resonant ring 22 is a cross, and the guide plate 21 is a square. When the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are coupled, the four inwardly bent corners of the resonant ring 22 are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. Figure 2 As shown in , the overall shape of the resonant ring 22 can be regarded as a cross-shaped structure formed by bending the four corners of a rectangle inward. The inwardly bent corners of the resonant ring 22 correspond to the four corners of the guide plate 21 one by one, and the distance between the two is small. That is, Figure 2 In the parasitic unit 20 shown in FIG. 1 , the four sides of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 are parallel and the centers of the two overlap. When coupling, the four corners of the guide plate 21 are coupled with the four inwardly folded corners of the resonant ring 22 in a one-to-one manner.

[0067] refer to Figure 3 As shown, in another example, the resonant ring 22 is a regular octagonal ring structure, and the guide plate 21 is a square plate. Among them, the four sides of the resonant ring 22 are parallel to the four sides of the guide plate 21, and the other four sides correspond to the corners of the four plates of the guide plate 21. In addition, the resonant ring 22 overlaps the center of the guide plate 21. When the resonant ring 22 is coupled with the guide plate 21, the four sides of the resonant ring 22 arranged at intervals are parallel to the four sides of the guide plate 21, and the other four sides of the resonant ring 22 arranged at intervals are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate 21 one by one. That is, the four coupling positions are located in the diagonal direction of the guide plate 21, which also corresponds to the polarization direction of the radiation surface 11.

[0068] refer to Figure 4As shown, the resonant ring 22 forms a well-shaped area, and the guide plate 21 is a circular guide plate 21. The four corners of the resonant ring 22 wrapped around the guide plate 21 are coupled with the guide plate 21. It should be understood that the metal strip line of the resonant ring 22 that forms a well-shaped area is referred to as a well, which includes two parallel vertical metal lines and two parallel horizontal metal lines. The vertical metal lines and the horizontal metal lines cross to form a well, and are coupled with the guide plate 21 at the intersection of the horizontal metal lines and the vertical metal lines.

[0069] It can be seen from the above description that the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 in the parasitic unit 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application can adopt different shapes, and only the electrical properties of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 need to be satisfied.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the guide plate 21 is a metal plate, and the resonant ring 22 is a ring structure surrounded by metal wires. Therefore, the capacitance between the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 11 is easily affected. Therefore, when arranging the guide plate 21, the guide plate 21 adopts a smaller area. For example, the circumference of the guide plate 21 is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of the center frequency, so that the overall area of ​​the guide plate 21 is smaller, reducing the influence of the introduced guide plate 21 on the overall capacitance of the radiation unit. For example, when the center frequency is 3.05 GHz, the circumference of the guide plate 21 is 1 / 2 of the wavelength of the 3.05 GHz frequency.

[0071] As an optional solution, a gap is provided on the guide plate 21 to further reduce the effect of the guide plate 21 on the capacitance of the radiation unit. The gap can be a gap of different shapes, such as a straight-shaped, L-shaped, cross-shaped and other gaps. Exemplarily, the gap is a cross-shaped gap 23. The cross-shaped gap 23 can reduce the metal area of ​​the guide plate 21, thereby reducing the effect of the guide plate 21 on the capacitance of the radiation unit. In addition, the center of the cross-shaped gap 23 coincides with the center of the guide plate 21, which can better improve the current on the guide plate 21. Of course, in addition to the cross-shaped gap 23 illustrated, gaps of other shapes can also be used, which will not be illustrated one by one in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] When arranging the resonant ring 22, the resonant ring 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a closed ring structure. When a closed ring structure is adopted, the coupling effect between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 11 can be effectively improved. In addition, the current path of the resonant ring 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application is the entire wavelength of the high-frequency band signal. Specifically, the total length of the resonant ring 22 is set to be close to 1 times the wavelength of the 3.3GHz-3.8GHz frequency band, so that a resonance point can be introduced in the high-frequency band without introducing capacitive factors, effectively broadening the impedance bandwidth, and the resonant ring 22 can significantly improve the high-frequency gain.

[0073] In an optional solution, the radiation surface 11 has an inner ring portion and an outer ring portion, and the outer ring portion has a bending gap 13. The bending gap 13 is a gap formed on the radiation branch 12. Figure 6 As shown, the radiation branches of the radiation surface 11 are in a ring shape, which is the outer ring part. The outer ring part has a bending gap 13, and the bending gap 13 is used to extend the current path of the radiation surface 11 to improve the impedance matching at low frequency.

[0074] It can be seen from the above description that the parasitic unit 20 provided in one embodiment of the present application includes a guide plate 21 and a resonant ring 22 printed on the same dielectric plate 24, which are located above the radiator. Since the conventional full-wave oscillator has a large aperture, the impedance value of the oscillator is relatively large, and the imaginary part is capacitive, so the impedance matching is difficult and it is difficult to meet the broadband requirements. In the present application, a guide plate 21 with a cross-shaped gap 23 is set above the main radiator. The guide plate 21 can converge the impedance value and further introduce capacitive factors. Therefore, the present application sets the size of the guide plate 21 to be smaller to reduce the capacitive effect between the guide plate 21 and the radiation surface 12.

[0075] In addition, the circumference of the conventional guide plate 21 is generally close to 1 times the wavelength of the center frequency, while the circumference of the guide plate 21 of the present application is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of the center frequency, and a cross gap 23 is opened in the center of the guide plate 21 to adjust the impedance capacitance and inductance. At the same time, a square resonant ring 22 is provided on the outside of the guide plate 21, and the total length of the resonant ring 22 is set to be close to 1 times the wavelength of the 3.3GHz-3.8GHz frequency band, which can introduce a resonance point in the high frequency band without introducing capacitive factors, effectively widening the impedance bandwidth, and the resonant ring 22 can significantly improve the high-frequency gain. The four corners of the resonant ring 22 shrink inward and are close to the guide plate 21. By adjusting the distance between the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21, the current intensity of the resonant ring 22 and the guide plate 21 can be changed to optimize the impedance matching.

[0076] To facilitate understanding of the effect of the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The radiation unit shown in the figure is used as an example for simulation. The simulation effect is as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. Among them, Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a standing wave ratio simulation of a radiation unit is shown, where VSWR is the standing wave ratio, the horizontal axis is the frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis is the standing wave ratio. Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing a gain comparison between the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application and the existing radiation unit is shown, where the horizontal axis is the angle, the unit is degree (°), and the vertical axis is the gain, the unit is dB.

[0077] Depend on Figure 7It can be seen that the standing wave ratio data of the radiation unit is less than 1.4 in the 2.3-3.8GHz frequency band, and good impedance matching is achieved in the broadband.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the dotted line in the figure represents the horizontal plane radiation pattern without the resonant ring 22, and the gain is 9.66dB. The solid line represents the horizontal plane radiation pattern after the resonant ring 22 is loaded, and the gain is 10.81dB. Figure 8 It can be seen that after loading the resonant ring 22, the gain of the oscillator at the high frequency point is increased by 1.15 dB, showing a good high gain characteristic.

[0079] by Figure 3 The radiating unit corresponding to the parasitic unit shown is simulated, and the simulation results are shown in Fig. 9 As shown by Fig. 9 The simulation results of the example show that in the 2.3-3.8 GHz frequency band, the vibrator standing wave ratio is less than 1.5, which also meets the broadband requirements.

[0080] It should be understood that the balun 30 of the radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to support the main radiator 10. Specifically, the balun 30 is fixedly connected to the main radiator 10, and a feeder 31 for feeding the radiation surface 11 is provided on the balun 30. Among them, the number of baluns 30 is two, and the two baluns 30 are arranged in a cross shape to improve the stability when supporting the main radiator 10. The balun 30 is provided with a feeder 31, and the feeder 31 is conductively connected to the radiation surface 11 of the main radiator 10 to transmit the radiation signal. In addition, the radiation unit may also include a ground base 40, which is used to support the balun 30 and serve as a support base for the entire radiation unit.

[0081] An embodiment of the present application further provides a base station antenna, which includes a support base, and a plurality of radiation units described in any one of the above items arranged on the support base.

[0082] In the above technical solution, by using the guide plate and the resonant ring to couple with the radiation surface respectively, the guide plate can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guide plate can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band and meeting the broadband requirements.

[0083] An embodiment of the present application also provides a base station, which includes any of the radiation units described above.

[0084] In the above technical solution, by using the guide plate and the resonant ring to couple with the radiation surface respectively, the guide plate can converge the impedance of the radiation unit, and the resonant ring can introduce a high-frequency resonance point. In addition, through the coupling between the guide plate and the resonant ring, the current intensity of the resonant ring and the guide plate can be changed, the resonance mode can be adjusted, and the impedance matching can be optimized, so that the radiation unit can cover the high-frequency band, thereby making the radiation unit compatible with the 5G band and meeting the broadband requirements.

[0085] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0086] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: It includes a main radiator, a parasitic unit and a balun; wherein, The main radiator includes a radiating surface; The parasitic unit is located directly above the radiation surface, and the parasitic unit includes a guide plate coupled to the radiation surface, and a resonant ring coupled to the radiation surface and used to excite a high-frequency signal; wherein the resonant ring is coupled to the guide plate; The balun is fixedly connected to the main radiator, and a feeding line for feeding power to the radiating surface is arranged on the balun.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area surrounded by the resonant ring is in the shape of a cross, and the guide plate is a square plate; The four inwardly bent corners of the resonant ring are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant ring is a regular octagonal ring structure, and the guide plate is a square plate; The four sides of the resonance ring arranged at intervals are parallel to the four sides of the guide plate; and the other four sides of the resonance ring arranged at intervals are coupled with the four corners of the guide plate in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant ring forms a well-shaped area, and the guide plate is a circular plate.

5. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The resonant ring is a closed ring structure.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The current path of the resonant ring is the entire wavelength of the high-frequency band signal.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high frequency band is 3.5 GHz to 3.8 GHz.

8. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The parasitic unit further comprises a supporting structure, and the supporting structure is fixedly connected to the main radiator; the guide plate and the resonant ring are both arranged on the supporting structure.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The resonant ring and the guide plate are located in the same layer, and the resonant ring is nested outside the guide plate.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the radiation direction of the main radiator, the resonant ring and the guide plate are arranged at intervals; and the resonant ring is located between the main radiator and the guide plate.

11. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The circumference of the guide plate is 1 / 2 times the wavelength of the central frequency point of the radiation surface.

12. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The guide plate is provided with a gap.

13. The radiation unit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The gap is a cross-shaped gap.

14. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The radiation surface has an inner ring portion and an outer ring portion, and the outer ring portion has a bending gap.

15. A base station antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a supporting base, and a plurality of radiation units according to any one of claims 1 to 14 arranged on the supporting base.

16. A base station, characterized in that: It comprises the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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