Intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection and a control method thereof. The motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit comprises a control module, a preset protection voltage adjustment module, a voltage sampling module, a voltage comparison module, an overtime overvoltage judgment module and a power absorption module. The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the comparison signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module. The judgment signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module is connected with the controlled end of the power absorption module. The sampling signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module is connected with the sampling signal input end of the control module. The overtime control signal output end of the control module is connected with the overtime control signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judgment module. The overtime overvoltage judgment module can not only monitor the occurrence of an overload and overvoltage signal, but also can judge the duration of the signal, thereby avoiding long-time conduction of a resistor and solving the overheating or burning problem caused by continuous conduction of the resistor in traditional hardware protection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage protection circuit, and in particular to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage protection circuit and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, traditional motor overload and overvoltage protection circuits usually adopt two processing methods of software and hardware. The software method relies on complex algorithms to identify feedback voltage or abnormal signals and avoids the generation of feedback voltage by stopping the operation of the motor, but this method has problems such as complex implementation and response lag, and cannot effectively eliminate feedback voltage in time. The hardware method triggers the power absorption resistor to absorb feedback voltage by connecting the power absorption resistor across the positive and negative electrodes of the motor power supply through the voltage comparator and the fixed overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage. Although this method can respond quickly, the preset protection voltage is usually not adjustable, and when the power supply voltage fluctuates greatly, the power absorption resistor may be turned on for a long time, which may cause overheating or even burnout. Therefore, the hardware processing method lacks intelligence and has limited protection effect. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problems of software processing response lag, inability to eliminate feedback voltage in time and overheating or burnout of the power absorption resistor caused by fixed protection voltage in the traditional motor overload and overvoltage protection circuit, the present application provides an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage protection circuit and a control method thereof.

[0004] An intelligent motor overload and overvoltage protection circuit, comprising a control module, a preset protection voltage adjustment module, a voltage sampling module, a voltage comparison module, an overtime overvoltage judgment module and a power absorption module. The signal input end of the voltage sampling module is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor. The signal output end of the voltage sampling module is connected with the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module. The power input end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module is connected with the power output end of the DC stabilized power supply. The overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module is connected with the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module. The voltage adjustment controlled end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module is connected with the voltage adjustment signal output end of the control module, so as to realize the adjustment of the preset protection voltage through the control module.

[0005] The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the comparison signal input end of the overvoltage timeout judgment module to output corresponding comparison signal to the overvoltage timeout judgment module, the judgment signal output end of the overvoltage timeout judgment module is connected with the controlled end of the power absorption module, the sampling signal output end of the overvoltage timeout judgment module is connected with the sampling signal input end of the control module, the timeout control signal output end of the control module is connected with the timeout control signal input end of the overvoltage timeout judgment module, the overvoltage timeout judgment module outputs the first judgment signal to the power absorption module according to the comparison signal, and outputs corresponding collection signal to the control module according to the comparison signal, so that the control module outputs corresponding timeout control signal to the overvoltage timeout judgment module according to the collection signal, and then the overvoltage timeout judgment module outputs the second judgment signal to the power absorption module according to the timeout control signal, and the power absorption module controls whether the power absorption module absorbs energy according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0006] By adopting the technical scheme, the application combines the preset protection voltage adjustment module and the control module, so that the system can dynamically adjust the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, and no longer depends on the fixed voltage value. This adjustment mode can more flexibly adapt to different power supply conditions and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding the false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by the fixed voltage value. This design solves the problem at the software level. The power absorption module solves the problem of power absorption of the feedback voltage in the overload overvoltage condition. Through the linkage of the control module, the overvoltage timeout judgment module and the power absorption module, the power absorption resistor can be started or turned off in time when the overload overvoltage condition is detected. The overvoltage timeout judgment module can not only monitor the occurrence of the overload overvoltage signal, but also judge the duration of the signal. If the duration of the overload overvoltage signal is too long, the overvoltage timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module through the control module to avoid the power absorption resistor being turned on for a long time. This intelligent control avoids the situation that the resistor is turned on for a long time, improves the protection efficiency, reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by the continuous conduction of the resistor in the traditional hardware protection.

[0007] Preferably, the voltage sampling module comprises a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected with a VCC power supply, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected with the first end of the resistor R6, the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the capacitor C4 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 and the ground, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 is connected with the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module.

[0008] By adopting the technical scheme, the resistance and the capacitor in the voltage sampling module can be used to accurately divide voltage and filter, so that the power supply voltage signal of the motor can be accurately collected, errors caused by voltage fluctuation or noise can be avoided, the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling can be ensured, the precision of motor overload and overvoltage protection can be improved, and the stability and reliability of the system can be ensured.

[0009] Preferably, the preset protection voltage adjusting module comprises a preset protection voltage generating unit and a voltage adjusting unit, the preset protection voltage generating unit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a three-terminal voltage regulator D1 and a capacitor C1, a first end of the resistor R1 is connected with a power output end of a direct current voltage stabilizing power supply, a second end of the resistor R1 is connected with an input end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, an output end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is grounded, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with a first end of the resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected with a first end of the resistor R3, a second end of the resistor R3 is connected with an adjusting signal output end of the voltage adjusting unit, the capacitor C1 is connected between a common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 and the ground, the common node between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with a second signal input end of the voltage comparison module, and a common node between the second end of the resistor R2 and the first end of the resistor R3 is connected with a feedback end of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, a stable overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage can be generated through the resistance, the three-terminal voltage regulator and the capacitor in the preset protection voltage adjusting module, and dynamic adjustment of voltage can be realized through the voltage adjusting unit, so that different power supply environments and motor load conditions can be adapted, the adaptability and flexibility of the system in response to variable power supply environments are improved, and false triggering caused by a fixed protection voltage is avoided.

[0011] Preferably, the voltage adjusting unit comprises an operational amplifier U1 and a resistor R4, a first end of the resistor R4 is connected with a voltage adjusting signal output end of the control module, a second end of the resistor R4 is connected with a positive input end of the operational amplifier U1, an output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the second end of the resistor R3, and a negative input end of the operational amplifier is directly connected with the output end of the operational amplifier through feedback to form a non-inverting amplifier circuit.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the operational amplifier and the resistor in the voltage adjusting unit can be used to adjust in real time according to the voltage adjusting signal of the control module, the precision and stability of the preset protection voltage can be ensured, protection voltage failure caused by voltage drift or external voltage fluctuation can be prevented, and the reliability and response speed of motor overload and overvoltage protection can be improved.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage comparison module comprises an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7, a first end of the resistor R7 is connected with a power supply, a second end of the resistor R7 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier U2, a positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a signal output end of the voltage sampling module, a negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with an overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module, and an output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the voltage comparison function can be realized through the combination of the operational amplifier and the resistor, the accurate comparison between the motor power supply voltage and the preset protection voltage is ensured, the comparison signal of overload or overvoltage is quickly generated, the duration of the signal is judged through the timeout overvoltage judgment module, the false action caused by short-time voltage fluctuation is effectively prevented, and thus the stability and anti-interference ability of the motor protection system are improved.

[0015] Preferably, the timeout overvoltage judgment module comprises a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11, a first end of the resistor R11 is connected with a comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module, a second end of the resistor R11 is connected with a controlled end of the power absorption module, the signal acquisition unit comprises a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6, a first end of the resistor R9 is connected with the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module, a second end of the resistor R9 is connected with a first end of the resistor R8, a second end of the resistor R8 is grounded, a common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected with a first end of the resistor R10, the capacitor C6 is connected between a second end of the resistor R10 and the ground, and the second end of the resistor R10 is connected with a sampling signal input end of the control module.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the duration of the overload overvoltage signal can be accurately acquired and analyzed through the signal acquisition unit and the switch control unit in the timeout overvoltage judgment module, the unnecessary protection action caused by short-time voltage abnormality is prevented, and the working state of the power absorption module can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal duration, so that the intelligent level of the motor protection system is improved, and unnecessary energy consumption is reduced.

[0017] Preferably, the switch control unit comprises a MOS tube Q1 and a resistor R12, a first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R11, a second conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, a controlled end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with a timeout control signal output end of the control module, and the resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module and the ground.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the MOS tube and the resistor in the switch control unit can be used to realize accurate control of the power absorption module. When the overload and overvoltage signal lasts for more than a set time length, the power absorption resistor is automatically turned off, so as to avoid overheating or damage of the resistor caused by long-time absorption of energy, thereby improving the safety and service life of the motor protection system.

[0019] Preferably, the power absorption module comprises a MOS tube Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13. The first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected with a VCC power supply, the second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected with the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2, the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module, so as to control whether the power absorption resistor R13 absorbs the feedback voltage generated by the overload and overvoltage of the motor according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the MOS tube and the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module can be used to quickly absorb the excess voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, so as to prevent the motor controller and the power supply system from being damaged by overvoltage. The timeout overvoltage judgment module is used to dynamically adjust the conduction time of the power absorption resistor, so as to effectively protect the motor in different power supply environments, avoid system damage caused by motor overload or overvoltage, and improve the reliability of the system.

[0021] A control method of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection is applied to an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection,

[0022] The supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage are obtained.

[0023] The supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage are compared to generate a corresponding comparison result, and a corresponding comparison signal is generated according to the comparison result. The comparison signal at least includes an overload and overvoltage signal at a high level and a normal signal at a low level. When the supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is the normal signal. When the supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is the overload and overvoltage signal.

[0024] When the comparison signal is the overload and overvoltage signal, the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal is monitored and recorded in real time. The duration is compared with a determined preset duration.

[0025] If the duration does not exceed the determined preset duration, a first judgment signal is generated. The first judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to absorb energy.

[0026] If the duration exceeds the determined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated, and the second judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistance in the power absorption module to stop absorbing energy.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the supply voltage and the preset protection voltage can be obtained in real time, and the generated overload overvoltage signal is compared to accurately judge whether the motor is in an abnormal state, and the working state of the power absorption module is adjusted according to the abnormal duration, so as to ensure that the motor is protected in time when the voltage is overvoltage for a short time, and to avoid system damage caused by long-time overvoltage, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0028] Preferably, before the steps of obtaining the supply voltage and the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, the method further comprises:

[0029] determining the target source of the power supply motor, the target source at least including a user interactive terminal and a motor internal parameter database;

[0030] obtaining the priority of each target source, and selecting the corresponding priority source according to the priority;

[0031] obtaining the demand information of the priority source, and determining the corresponding overload overvoltage preset protection voltage according to the demand information.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the priority of the motor power supply target source can be determined, the demand information of the priority source can be dynamically obtained, and the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage can be adjusted according to these information, so as to ensure that the system can be individually adjusted for different application scenarios, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the motor protection system, and providing more accurate and efficient protection in various power supply environments.

[0033] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. The present application combines the preset protection voltage adjustment module and the control module, so that the system can dynamically adjust the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, and no longer relies on fixed voltage values. This adjustment method can more flexibly adapt to different power supply situations and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by fixed voltage values. This design solves the problem at the software level.

[0035] 2、The application solves the problem of power absorption of feedback voltage in overload and overvoltage through a power absorption module, and through the linkage of the control module, the timeout overvoltage judgment module and the power absorption module, the power absorption resistor can be started or turned off in time when overload and overvoltage are detected. The timeout overvoltage judgment module can not only monitor the occurrence of overload and overvoltage signal, but also judge the duration of the signal. If the duration of the overload and overvoltage signal is too long, the timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module through the control module to avoid the power absorption resistor being turned on for a long time. This intelligent control avoids the situation that the resistor is turned on for a long time, not only improves the protection efficiency, but also reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by the continuous conduction of the resistor in traditional hardware protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in an embodiment of the application.

[0037] Figure 2 is a specific structural schematic diagram of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in an embodiment of the application.

[0038] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a control method of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in an embodiment of the application.

[0039] Figure 4 is another implementation flowchart of an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection in an embodiment of the application.

[0040] Explanation of reference signs: 10, voltage sampling module; 11, preset protection voltage adjustment module; 12, voltage comparison module; 13, timeout overvoltage judgment module; 14, power absorption module; 15, control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0042] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the application discloses an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, specifically including the following steps:

[0043] The application discloses a motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with intelligent band protection, which comprises a control module 15, a preset protection voltage adjusting module 11, a voltage sampling module 10, a voltage comparison module 12, an overtime overvoltage judging module 13 and a power absorption module 14; the signal input end of the voltage sampling module 10 is used for collecting the power supply voltage of a motor; the signal output end of the voltage sampling module 10 is connected with the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12; the power input end of the preset protection voltage adjusting module 11 is connected with the power output end of a direct-current stabilized power supply; the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjusting module 11 is connected with the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12; the voltage adjusting controlled end of the preset protection voltage adjusting module 11 is connected with the voltage adjusting signal output end of the control module 15, so that the preset protection voltage can be adjusted through the control module 15.

[0044] The comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12 is connected with the comparison signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judging module 13, so as to output corresponding comparison signals to the overtime overvoltage judging module 13; the judging signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judging module 13 is connected with the controlled end of the power absorption module 14; the sampling signal output end of the overtime overvoltage judging module 13 is connected with the sampling signal input end of the control module 15; the overtime control signal output end of the control module 15 is connected with the overtime control signal input end of the overtime overvoltage judging module 13; the overtime overvoltage judging module 13 outputs a first judging signal to the power absorption module 14 according to the comparison signal, and outputs corresponding collection signals to the control module 15 according to the comparison signal, so that the control module 15 outputs corresponding overtime control signals to the overtime overvoltage judging module 13 according to the collection signals, and then the overtime overvoltage judging module 13 outputs a second judging signal to the power absorption module 14 according to the overtime control signals; the power absorption module 14 controls whether the power absorption module 14 absorbs energy according to the first judging signal or the second judging signal.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connection relationship and control logic of each module in the intelligent belt-protected motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit are very close. First, the voltage sampling module 10 collects the power supply voltage of the motor through the signal input end, and processes the voltage through the voltage dividing resistor to generate a voltage signal which is transmitted to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through the signal output end. At the same time, the preset protection voltage signal generated by the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 is transmitted to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through its output end. The preset protection voltage signal realizes the function of dynamic adjustment through the digital-to-analog signal (DAC) output by the control module 15. In the voltage comparison module 12, the two input signals (motor power supply voltage and adjustable preset protection voltage) are compared, and the compared signal is transmitted to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 through the output end of the voltage comparison module 12 to judge whether the power supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage. The timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 judges whether the overload and overvoltage state exists for a long time by comparing the duration of the signal, and if the overload and overvoltage signal is determined to exist for more than a certain time, the judgment signal output by the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 controls the controlled end of the power absorption module 14 to start or close the conduction state of the power absorption resistor to prevent the power absorption resistor from being burned out due to long-time conduction. At the same time, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 also transmits the collected signal to the control module 15 through the sampling signal output end, and the control module 15 generates a corresponding timeout control signal according to the collected signal, and feeds back the control signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 through the timeout control signal output end, so as to further control the working state of the power absorption module 14. In this process, if the overload and overvoltage voltage is detected to exist for a long time, the control module 15 will control the opening state of the field effect tube through the IO signal, pull down the output signal of the voltage comparison module 12, and ensure that the field effect tube is closed in time after the overload and overvoltage is removed, so as to avoid the continuous conduction of the power absorption resistor. This logic design enables the system to monitor and adjust in real time according to the overload and overvoltage state of the motor, thereby ensuring the safety of the circuit while avoiding damage to the circuit caused by the long duration of the overload and overvoltage signal, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the motor under various complex working conditions through intelligent control logic.

[0046] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 the voltage comparison module 12 has two input ends, one of which inputs the voltage signal of the motor controller power supply voltage after being divided by two resistors, i.e. the motor power supply voltage, and the other of which inputs the fixed motor overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal in the fixed motor overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal, wherein the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal adds the digital-to-analog signal (DAC) output by the control module 15 and the voltage adjustment unit to realize the adjustable preset protection voltage;

[0047] The two series voltage dividing resistors are connected in parallel between the output end of the voltage comparison module 12 and the system ground, and the voltage dividing signal is input to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface of the control module 15 to determine whether the overload overvoltage exists all the time. If the overload overvoltage exists all the time (the overload overvoltage caused by high supply voltage will exist all the time), the control module 15 outputs an IO signal to control the field effect transistor to be in an open state, so that the power absorption resistor is not turned on to avoid overheating or even burning. The field effect transistor is kept in the open state for a few seconds, and then the microcontroller (MCU) continues to detect whether the overload overvoltage exists. If the overload overvoltage exists, the field effect transistor is kept in the open state, and if the overload overvoltage does not exist, the field effect transistor is turned off to cope with the normal motor overload overvoltage, thereby realizing the protection of the power absorption resistor.

[0048] The motor overload overvoltage protection can be flexibly adjusted by the software form, so as to realize the motor overload overvoltage protection of different supply voltages. When the motor controller supply voltage is too high or fluctuates for a long time, the large power absorption resistor can be prevented from being mistakenly turned on, and the overheating or burning of the power absorption resistor caused by long-time conduction can be avoided.

[0049] In summary, the combination of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 and the control module 15 enables the system to dynamically adjust the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, instead of relying on a fixed voltage value. This adjustment method can more flexibly adapt to different power supply conditions and motor load conditions, thereby avoiding the false triggering and unnecessary motor shutdown caused by the fixed voltage value. This design solves the software level problem. The power absorption module 14 solves the problem of feedback voltage power absorption during overload overvoltage. Through the linkage of the control module 15, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 and the power absorption module 14, the power absorption resistor can be started or turned off in time when the overload overvoltage is detected. The timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 not only can monitor the occurrence of the overload overvoltage signal, but also can judge the duration of the signal. If the duration of the overload overvoltage signal is too long, the timeout judgment module will further control the power absorption module 14 through the control module 15 to avoid the long-time conduction of the power absorption resistor. This intelligent control avoids the long-time conduction of the resistor, improves the protection efficiency, reduces the risk of hardware heating and damage, and solves the problem of overheating or burning caused by the continuous conduction of the resistor in the traditional hardware protection.

[0050] Further, as Figure 2As shown, the voltage sampling module 10 includes a resistor R5, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C4, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply, the second end of the resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the resistor R6, the second end of the resistor R6 is grounded, the capacitor C4 is connected between the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 and the ground, and the common node between the second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 is connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12.

[0051] In this embodiment, in the voltage sampling module 10, the first end of the resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply to provide power supply voltage for the motor, and the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 generate a divided motor power supply sampling voltage V+ through a voltage dividing circuit, and the voltage is filtered by the capacitor C4 to eliminate high-frequency noise and transient interference in the power supply and ensure the stability of the voltage signal. The second end of the resistor R5 and the first end of the resistor R6 form a common node, which is not only connected to the ground to ensure the stability of the circuit, but also connected to the first signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 as a comparison input signal. According to Kirchhoff's first law, the current distribution of the common node is determined by the resistance values of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and since the pins of the voltage comparison module 12 have high impedance, the current flowing into the voltage comparison module 12 is very small and can be ignored, and the main current flows between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6. In order to ensure that the motor power supply sampling voltage can work within a safe range, the resistance values of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 need to be selected to ensure that the divided voltage V+ is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage V- connected to the second input end of the voltage comparison module 12. V- is a higher reference voltage generated by the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, which is usually several volts higher than the VCC voltage, and is used to trigger the protection mechanism when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage. In the control logic, when the power supply voltage VCC of the motor is higher than V-, the voltage comparison module 12 will output a signal to inform the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to enter the protection state and start the power absorption module 14 to absorb the excess voltage, thereby protecting the motor and the circuit from damage caused by overload and overvoltage.

[0052] Further, as Figure 2As shown, VCC is the motor supply voltage through the voltage divider of resistor R5 and resistor R6, and then the motor supply sampling voltage V+ is obtained after filtering by capacitor C4. The pin connected to point f of voltage comparison module 12 has high impedance, so the current flowing from point f to U2 is very small and can be ignored. The current at point f flows through resistor R5 and resistor R6, and according to Kirchhoff's first law: the sum of all currents entering a node is equal to the sum of all currents leaving the node, so Vf = V+. The resistance values of resistor R5 and resistor R6 are selected to satisfy V- < Vf < V+ and V- = V-. V- is the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, and VCC (over) is the motor overload overvoltage preset protection voltage, which is at least several volts higher than VCC voltage.

[0053] In summary, the resistance and capacitor in voltage sampling module 10 can be used for accurate voltage division and filtering, thereby accurately collecting the motor supply voltage signal, avoiding errors caused by voltage fluctuations or noise, ensuring the accuracy and stability of voltage sampling, thereby improving the accuracy of motor overload overvoltage protection and ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0054] Further, as shown in Figure 2 The preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 includes a preset protection voltage generation unit and a voltage adjustment unit. The preset protection voltage generation unit includes resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and capacitor C1. The first end of resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC voltage stabilizer, the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the input end of three-terminal voltage regulator D1, the output end of three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is grounded, the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the first end of resistor R2, the second end of resistor R2 is connected to the first end of resistor R3, the second end of resistor R3 is connected to the adjustment signal output end of the voltage adjustment unit, the common node between the second end of resistor R1 and the first end of resistor R2 is connected to the ground through capacitor C1, the common node between the second end of resistor R1 and the first end of resistor R2 is connected to the second signal input end of voltage comparison module 12, and the common node between the second end of resistor R2 and the first end of resistor R3 is connected to the feedback end of three-terminal voltage regulator D1.

[0055] In the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, the various elements of the preset protection voltage generation unit form a stable overload overvoltage preset protection voltage through the connection logic of the circuit. First, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the power output end of the DC voltage stabilizing power supply to provide an input voltage, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input end of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer D1 in series, and the output end of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer D1 is grounded to form the basis of the voltage stabilizing circuit. A common node is formed between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, which is not only grounded through the capacitor C1 to ensure the stability and filtering function of the circuit, but also transmits the voltage signal after voltage division to the second signal input end of the voltage comparison module 12 through the common node as the input signal of the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage. The resistor R2 continues to be connected to the resistor R3 in series, and at the common node of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, it is connected to the feedback end of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer D1 for feedback voltage adjustment to ensure the stability and accuracy of the output voltage. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the adjustment signal output end of the voltage adjustment unit, and the output signal of the adjustment unit is dynamically adjusted according to the adjustment requirement of the control module 15, so as to flexibly adjust the voltage under different motor working conditions. Through the voltage division of the resistors R1, R2 and R3 and the feedback adjustment of the three-terminal voltage stabilizer D1, the voltage comparison module 12 can obtain a stable and accurate preset protection voltage, and the voltage adjustment unit further provides dynamic adjustment capability to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the system under complex working conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the motor overload overvoltage protection. When the motor supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 can quickly respond and trigger the protection action to prevent damage to the motor due to overload or overvoltage.

[0056] In summary, a stable overload overvoltage preset protection voltage can be generated through the resistors, three-terminal voltage stabilizers and capacitors in the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, and dynamic voltage adjustment can be realized through the voltage adjustment unit, so as to adapt to different power supply environments and motor load conditions, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system in response to variable power supply environments, and avoid false triggering caused by fixed protection voltage.

[0057] Further, as shown in Figure 2 , the voltage adjustment unit includes an operational amplifier U1 and a resistor R4, the first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage adjustment signal output end of the control module 15, the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier is directly connected to the output end of the operational amplifier through feedback to form a non-inverting amplifier circuit.

[0058] Further, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the DC regulated power supply outputs 12V power voltage, resistor R1 is a current-limiting voltage dividing resistor, resistor R2 and resistor R3 are voltage dividing resistors to adjust the output voltage V- of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, capacitor C1 is a voltage stabilizing capacitor for stabilizing the output voltage V- of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, capacitor C2 is a filter capacitor for supplying the operational amplifier U1, resistor R4 and capacitor C3 constitute a low-pass filter to filter the signal DAC to obtain a stable voltage Vdac, and Vout1 is the output voltage of the operational amplifier U1 following Vdac, and the two voltages are the same in size;

[0059] According to Kirchhoff's first law, the current at point A only flows through resistors R2 and R3, and a very small current flows to the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, which can be ignored. Because the pin connected to point A of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is a voltage feedback pin with very high impedance, so = → V- =, resistors R2 and R3 are determined values that satisfy V- = < 12V because the input voltage of the comparison chip U2 cannot exceed the U2 supply voltage 12V, Va is the feedback voltage of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1, which is also a determined value, so the V- voltage value changes with Vout1, and Vout1 is equal to the DAC signal value, which is controlled by the analog signal (0~maximum, not exceeding the supply voltage of the control module 15) output by the software setting control module 15. Generally, the commonly used control module 15 contains several digital-to-analog converters DAC, which realizes overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage adjustment;

[0060] In this embodiment, in the voltage regulating unit, the operational amplifier U1 and the resistor R4 form a non-inverting amplifier circuit for amplifying and regulating the input signal. The first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage regulating signal output end of the control module 15, receives the regulating signal of the control module 15, which is generated by the DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input end of the operational amplifier U1. The output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3 for further transmitting the amplified signal. The negative input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to its output end through feedback, forming a non-inverting amplifier circuit, ensuring that the output signal Vout1 is consistent with the input signal Vdac, thereby realizing stable voltage output. The entire circuit is powered by a DC voltage stabilizing power supply providing a 12V power voltage. The resistor R1 functions as a current-limiting voltage divider, and the resistors R2 and R3 are used to adjust the output voltage V- of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1. The capacitor C1 is connected to the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 and functions as a voltage stabilizer to ensure the stability of V-. The capacitor C2 is used to provide a stable power filtering voltage for U1, and the resistor R4 and the capacitor C3 form a low-pass filter to further filter high-frequency noise in the DAC signal, ensuring the stability of Vdac. According to Kirchhoff's law, the current at point A only flows through resistors R2 and R3, while the current flowing to the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is very small and can be ignored because the pin of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is a high-impedance feedback terminal. Therefore, V- is determined by the resistance values of resistors R2 and R3, and at the same time, it is ensured that V- is less than 12V because the input voltage of the voltage comparison module 12 cannot exceed the 12V supply voltage. Va is the feedback voltage of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 and is a fixed value. The change of V- depends on the change of Vout1, which is equal to the DAC signal value generated by the analog signal (0 to the supply voltage range of the control module 15) set and output by the control module 15 through software. This design realizes the dynamic adjustment function of the preset protection voltage, enabling the system to intelligently adjust the protection voltage according to different working conditions, avoiding false actions caused by excessively high or low supply voltage, thereby improving the reliability and adaptability of the motor protection system.

[0061] In summary, the operational amplifier and resistor in the voltage regulating unit can be adjusted in real time according to the voltage regulating signal of the control module 15, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the preset protection voltage, preventing the protection voltage from being invalid due to voltage drift or external voltage fluctuations, thereby improving the reliability and response speed of the motor overload and overvoltage protection.

[0062] Further, as Figure 2As shown, the voltage comparison module 12 includes an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7, the first end of the resistor R7 is connected to a power supply, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output terminal of the voltage sampling module 10, the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output terminal of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the comparison signal input terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13.

[0063] In this embodiment, in the voltage comparison module 12, the connection relationship of the operational amplifier U2 and the resistor R7 constitutes a real-time comparison function of the motor supply voltage and the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to a power supply to provide a pull-up voltage, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2, so that the operational amplifier U2 remains suspended under normal circumstances, thereby setting the output voltage through the pull-up resistor. The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output terminal of the voltage sampling module 10 for receiving the collected motor supply voltage signal, and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output terminal of the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 for receiving the dynamically adjusted preset protection voltage. When the supply voltage V+ of the motor is greater than the preset protection voltage V-, that is, the motor is in an overload or overvoltage state, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the 12V power supply through the resistor R7, and outputs a high-level signal Vout2, which will be transmitted to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 for judging the duration of the overload overvoltage signal and starting the corresponding protection measures. On the contrary, when the motor supply voltage is lower than the preset protection voltage, that is, V->V+, the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 remains at a low level (0V), indicating that the motor is in a normal state, at this time the output of the operational amplifier U2 is suspended, and the suspended voltage is output through the resistor R7. The capacitor C5 serves as a power supply filter for the operational amplifier U2 to ensure stable power input of the operational amplifier U2 and avoid noise interference. Through this connection relationship, the voltage comparison module 12 can monitor the supply voltage state of the motor in real time, and output the corresponding signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 in time according to the overload overvoltage condition, so as to prevent the motor from being damaged due to overload or overvoltage.

[0064] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 includes a resistor R8, the first end of the resistor R8 is connected to the 12V power supply, the second end of the resistor R8 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the comparison signal input terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13. Figure 2As shown, the voltage comparison module 12 includes a comparison chip U2, the comparison chip U2 is an open drain output voltage comparison module 12 can output low level (ground signal) and suspended output (let the output suspended through the pull-up resistor output, so the output voltage can be flexible set), the capacitor C5 is a power supply filter of the comparison chip U2, the resistor R7 is a comparison chip U2 output pull-up 12V resistor, when the motor is not overloaded and overvoltage V->V+, the comparison chip U2 output end Vout voltage is 0V, when the motor is overloaded and overvoltage V-<V+, the comparison chip U2 output end Vout2 is connected to the 12V DC voltage stabilizer through the resistor R7, so as to monitor whether the motor is overloaded and overvoltage in real time and output the corresponding Vout2 signal in real time;

[0065] In summary, the voltage comparison function can be realized by the combination of the operational amplifier and the resistor, the accurate comparison between the motor power supply voltage and the preset protection voltage is ensured, the comparison signal of overload or overvoltage is quickly generated, the duration of the signal is judged by the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, the false action caused by short-time voltage fluctuation is effectively prevented, and therefore the stability and anti-interference ability of the motor protection system are improved.

[0066] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 2 As shown, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 includes a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11, the first end of the resistor R11 is connected with the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, the second end of the resistor R11 is connected with the controlled end of the power absorption module 14, the signal acquisition unit includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6, the first end of the resistor R9 is connected with the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, the second end of the resistor R9 is connected with the first end of the resistor R8, the second end of the resistor R8 is grounded, the common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected with the first end of the resistor R10, the capacitor C6 is connected between the second end of the resistor R10 and the ground, and the second end of the resistor R10 is connected with the sampling signal input end of the control module 15.

[0067] In this embodiment, in the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, the signal acquisition unit and the switch control unit are connected through various elements to form real-time monitoring and control of the motor overload overvoltage state. One end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output end of the voltage comparison module 12, responsible for receiving the output signal when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled end of the power absorption module 14 to control the working state of the power absorption module 14. The resistors R8 and R9 in the signal acquisition unit act as voltage dividing resistors, responsible for dividing the signal Vout2 output from the voltage comparison module 12 to ensure that the voltage of the divided signal is within the working voltage range of the control module 15. The divided signal is further stabilized by the low-pass filter composed of resistor R10 and capacitor C6, which further stabilizes the signal voltage Vadc and eliminates high-frequency noise interference. Finally, the stabilized Vadc signal is input to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the control module 15. The control module 15 identifies the voltage value of the Vadc signal through the ADC to determine whether the motor supply voltage is continuously in an overvoltage state. The resistance values of resistors R8 and R9 need to ensure that the voltage signal after voltage division is less than the supply voltage of the control module 15 to prevent damage to the control module 15. MOS tube Q1 acts as an N-channel field effect transistor, which is controlled by the IO signal output by the control module 15 to open or close. When the IO signal is high, MOS tube Q1 is turned on, c point is shorted to ground, MOS tube Q2 in power absorption module 14 remains closed to prevent power absorption resistor from being turned on, and when the IO signal is low, MOS tube Q1 is closed, MOS tube Q2 is normally opened and closed, and power absorption module 14 can work normally. Resistor R12 acts as a pull-down resistor for the IO signal to prevent false operation when the IO signal is floating, ensuring stable operation of the system. Resistor R11 acts as an isolation resistor to prevent c point from being shorted to ground, which causes Vadc signal to be always 0V. The entire control logic realizes real-time monitoring of the motor overload overvoltage state through voltage division, filtering, sampling and feedback of the Vout2 signal, and realizes precise control of the power absorption module 14 through the control of the MOS tube, ensuring that the excess voltage can be effectively absorbed in the overload overvoltage condition, while avoiding the problem of overheating or damage caused by the long-term conduction of the power absorption resistor.

[0068] Further, as Figure 2As shown, resistors R8 and R9 form a voltage divider to sample the Vout2 voltage. This sampled voltage is then passed through a low-pass filter composed of resistor R10 and capacitor C6 to obtain a stable sampling voltage Vadc. The ADC voltage signal is sent to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of control module 15. The ADC identifies this voltage value to determine if the motor supply voltage is consistently overvoltage. Resistors R8 and R9 must ensure that the sampled voltage signal is less than the supply voltage of control module 15. Commonly used control modules 15 typically include multiple analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). MOSFET Q1 is an N-channel field-effect transistor. The high and low levels of the IO signal control the MOSFET. When transistor Q1 is on (point C short-circuited to ground) or off (point C not short-circuited to ground), commonly used control modules typically include multiple input / output interfaces (IO). Resistor R12 is a pull-down resistor for the IO control signal to prevent MOSFET Q1 from malfunctioning when the IO control signal is floating. When the motor is not overloaded or overvoltaged, the IO signal is low, allowing MOSFET Q2 to turn on and off normally. When MOSFET Q1 is on, if point C is always short-circuited to ground, MOSFET Q2 will always be off. Resistor R11 isolates the voltage at point B and C to prevent Vadc from remaining at 0V when point C is short-circuited to ground.

[0069] In summary, the signal acquisition unit and switch control unit in the overload and overvoltage judgment module 13 can accurately acquire and analyze the duration of overload and overvoltage signals, preventing unnecessary protection actions caused by short-term voltage abnormalities. At the same time, the operating state of the power absorption module 14 can be dynamically adjusted according to the signal duration, thereby improving the intelligence level of the motor protection system and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the switch control unit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R12. The first conducting terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R11. The second conducting terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is grounded. The controlled terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output terminal of the control module 15. The resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output terminal of the control module 15 and ground.

[0071] In the switch control unit, the connection of the MOS tube Q1 and the resistor R12 forms a precise control of the current conduction state. The first conduction end of the MOS tube Q1 is connected with the second end of the resistor R11, which serves as an isolation function to isolate the voltage of the comparison signal output end. The second conduction end of Q1 is grounded, which means that when Q1 is turned on, the current can be directly grounded. The controlled end of Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15, which outputs a control signal when the control module 15 determines that the overload and overvoltage duration is too long according to the collected signal, to control the conduction state of Q1. The conduction of Q1 determines whether the c point is short-circuited to the ground, thereby controlling whether the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 stops working. The resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output end of the control module 15 and the ground, as a pull-down resistor, to ensure that when the control module 15 does not output a signal, the MOS tube Q1 will not be misoperated due to the suspended state, thereby stabilizing the overall work of the system. By controlling the conduction and closing of the MOS tube Q1 through the timeout signal of the control module 15, the entire circuit can flexibly determine the duration of overload and overvoltage and take corresponding measures to avoid overheating or damage of the power absorption resistor due to long-time conduction, while ensuring that the system can effectively absorb the overload voltage when necessary, maintaining the safe operation of the motor and power supply.

[0072] In summary, the MOS tube and the resistor in the switch control unit can realize precise control of the power absorption module 14. When the overload and overvoltage signal lasts for more than a set time, the power absorption resistor is automatically turned off to avoid overheating or damage caused by long-time absorption of energy, thereby improving the safety and service life of the motor protection system.

[0073] Further, as shown in Figure 2 the power absorption module 14 includes a MOS tube Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13, the first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected with the VCC power supply, the second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected with the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2, the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 to control whether the power absorption resistor R13 absorbs the feedback voltage generated by the motor overload and overvoltage according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

[0074] In this embodiment, in the power absorption module 14, the MOS tube Q2 and the power absorption resistor R13 constitute the feedback voltage absorption device when the motor is overloaded and overvoltage. One end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the VCC power supply, and the other end is connected to the first conduction end of the MOS tube Q2. When the MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the resistor R13 is connected across the positive and negative electrodes of the motor power supply, forming a large current loop, which protects the motor and circuit by consuming excess voltage generated by overload and overvoltage; the second conduction end of the MOS tube Q2 is grounded, so when the MOS tube Q2 is in the open state, the resistor R13 is turned on, so that the voltage generated by overload and overvoltage is quickly absorbed and converted into heat. The controlled end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the judgment signal output end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13. The timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 generates a first judgment signal or a second judgment signal to control the switching state of the MOS tube Q2 by comparing the motor power supply voltage with the preset protection voltage. If the motor power supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage and the duration exceeds the set threshold, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will output a control signal to make the MOS tube Q2 conduct, and the resistor R13 will start working to absorb the excess feedback voltage. The resistance value of the resistor R13 is usually between several tens of ohms and several hundred ohms, and the power absorption capacity depends on its resistance value and rated power. When the motor power supply voltage returns to normal, or the motor voltage continues to be overvoltage but the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 judges that the absorption needs to be turned off, the MOS tube Q2 is turned off and the resistor R13 stops working to avoid overheating and even burning out the resistor due to long-time conduction. This design can quickly consume the feedback voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, protecting the motor and its power supply system. At the same time, through intelligent control of the MOS tube, the long-time conduction of the power absorption resistor is avoided, improving the stability and reliability of the system and ensuring that the motor operates normally after the motor voltage returns to normal.

[0075] Further, as shown in Figure 3 , the MOS tube Q2 is an N-channel MOS tube, and the voltage at point c controls the opening and closing of the MOS tube Q2. The resistor R13 is a power absorption resistor with a resistance value of several tens of ohms to several hundred ohms, and the MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the resistor R13 is turned on and connected across VCC and GND, i.e. the positive and negative electrodes of the motor power supply, generating a large current, which can quickly consume the feedback voltage generated by motor overload and overvoltage in the form of heat (supported by a high-power resistor for a short time), until the motor power supply voltage returns to normal or the motor power supply voltage is always overvoltage, then the MOS tube Q2 is turned off and the resistor R13 is not connected across the positive and negative electrodes of the motor power supply, which does not affect the normal operation of the motor or prevent the resistor R13 from being always on and overheating or even burning out;

[0076] In summary, the MOS tube and the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module 14 can quickly absorb the excess voltage when the motor is overloaded or overvoltage, preventing the motor controller and the power supply system from being damaged by overvoltage, and the on-off time of the power absorption resistor is dynamically adjusted by the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, ensuring effective protection of the motor in different power supply environments and avoiding system damage caused by motor overload or overvoltage, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

[0077] As shown in Figure 4 A control method of an intelligent belt protection motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit, applied to an intelligent belt protection motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit,

[0078] S10, obtaining a power supply voltage and an overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage;

[0079] In this embodiment, the step of obtaining the power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage is completed by the voltage sampling module 10 and the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11. The voltage sampling module 10 is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor in real time, and the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 generates an overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage based on the power supply voltage of the motor. The voltage value is generally a few volts higher than the power supply voltage, and is used as a reference value for motor overload or overvoltage. After receiving these voltage signals, the control module 15 transmits them to the voltage comparison module 12 to provide a basis for subsequent voltage comparison.

[0080] S20, comparing the power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to generate a corresponding comparison result, and generating a corresponding comparison signal according to the comparison result, the comparison signal at least including an overload and overvoltage signal at high level and a normal signal at low level, wherein when the power supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is the normal signal, and when the power supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is the overload and overvoltage signal;

[0081] In this embodiment, the process of comparing the power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage is realized by the voltage comparison module 12. One input end of the voltage comparison module 12 is connected to the voltage sampling module 10 to receive the current motor power supply voltage, and the other input end is connected to the preset protection voltage adjustment module 11 to receive the adjusted overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage. When the power supply voltage of the motor is less than the preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 outputs a low-level normal signal, indicating that the motor is running in a normal state; when the power supply voltage exceeds the preset protection voltage, the voltage comparison module 12 outputs a high-level overload and overvoltage signal, indicating that the motor is in an overload or overvoltage state, and the next step will trigger a further protection mechanism.

[0082] S30, when the comparison signal is an overload overvoltage signal, monitoring and recording the duration of the overload overvoltage signal in real time, and comparing the duration with the determined preset duration;

[0083] In this embodiment, when the signal output by the voltage comparison module 12 is an overload overvoltage signal, the system will monitor and record the duration of the overload overvoltage signal in real time. This is achieved by the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13, which is responsible for determining whether the overload overvoltage is a short-term fluctuation or a long-term state according to the duration of the comparison signal. After receiving the comparison signal, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will start timing and compare the duration of the signal with the preset threshold time to determine whether to start further protection measures.

[0084] S40, if the duration does not exceed the determined preset duration, a first judgment signal is generated, which is used to control the power absorption resistance in the power absorption module 14 to absorb energy;

[0085] In this embodiment, if the duration of the overload overvoltage signal does not exceed the preset threshold time, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 will generate a first judgment signal to indicate that the power absorption resistance in the power absorption module 14 starts to work. The power absorption resistance absorbs the excess feedback voltage by being connected across the positive and negative electrodes of the motor power supply and converts it into heat to quickly dissipate, ensuring that the motor power supply voltage returns to the normal range. In this process, the power absorption module 14 determines whether to continue to absorb the feedback voltage according to the duration of the judgment signal, thereby avoiding damage to the motor and its control system due to short-term overload or overvoltage.

[0086] S50, if the duration exceeds the determined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated, which is used to control the power absorption resistance in the power absorption module 14 to stop absorbing energy.

[0087] In this embodiment, if the duration of the overload overvoltage signal exceeds the preset threshold time, the system will generate a second judgment signal to stop the power absorption resistance in the power absorption module 14 from working. At this time, the timeout overvoltage judgment module 13 determines that the duration of the overload or overvoltage is too long. In order to avoid overheating or burning of the power absorption resistance due to long-term conduction, the system will shut down the work of the absorption resistance and stop absorbing the overload voltage. This process ensures that the motor will not be further damaged due to the continuous work of the power absorption module 14 under long-term overload or overvoltage conditions, and ensures that the normal operation of the motor will not be affected after the voltage returns to normal.

[0088] Specifically, the control module 15 determines whether the motor power supply voltage is always overvoltage by Vadc:

[0089] 1. When the motor is not overloaded and overvoltage, V->V+, Vout2 is 0V, Vadc=Vd=0V;

[0090] 2. When the motor is overloaded and overvoltage, V->V+, Vout2 is connected to 12V through resistor R7, IO signal is low, c point is not short-circuited to ground, MOS tube Q2 field effect tube is connected to 12V power supply through resistor R7 and resistor R11, and drives MOS tube Q2 to open for a short time, MOS tube Q2 and c point connection pin have high impedance, the current between b and c points is very small and can be ignored, e point connected to the ADC interface of control module 15 has high impedance, so according to Kirchhoff's first law: =→Vd= =Vadc;

[0091] The control module 15 detects that Vadc=0, which means that the motor supply voltage is not overvoltage, and the IO control signal is always low until Vadc= and the time exceeds a certain number of seconds, which is judged as motor supply voltage overvoltage, at which time the control module 15 makes the IO control signal output high to open the MOS tube Q1 field effect tube, so that the c point voltage is always short-circuited to ground, so that the MOS tube Q2 field effect tube is always in a closed state, and the power absorption resistor R13 is in a non-conducting state. After the action lasts for several seconds, the control module 15 detects whether Vadc is zero again. If it is zero, it means that the motor supply voltage overvoltage disappears, at which time the IO control signal is pulled low and the power absorption resistor R13 can work normally. If it is not zero, it means that the motor supply voltage overvoltage always exists, at which time the IO control signal continues to be pulled high, and the above actions are repeated in a cycle, which avoids the power absorption resistor R13 from being heated or even burned out due to long-time overvoltage of the motor supply voltage;

[0092] In summary, by real-time acquisition of supply voltage and preset protection voltage, and comparison of the generated overload overvoltage signal, the abnormal state of the motor can be accurately judged, and the working state of the power absorption module 14 can be adjusted according to the duration of the abnormality, so as to ensure that the motor is protected in time when it is short-time overvoltage, and to avoid system damage caused by long-time overvoltage, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0093] Further, as shown in ​ , the steps of acquiring supply voltage and overload overvoltage preset protection voltage further include:

[0094] S01, determine the target source of the power supply motor, the target source at least includes user interactive terminal and motor internal parameter database;

[0095] In this embodiment, the target sources for the power supply motor are determined by the system identifying multiple information sources in the current motor operating environment. These target sources at least include a user interactive terminal and a motor internal parameter database. The user interactive terminal can be the work instructions and parameters input by the operating personnel through the interface or remote control system to the motor, and the motor internal parameter database stores the historical operating data and equipment parameters of the motor, such as the rated power, speed, and power supply voltage range of the motor. These target sources can provide important information related to the operating state of the motor, helping the system make correct voltage adjustment and protection decisions under different working conditions.

[0096] S02, obtaining the priority of each target source, and selecting the corresponding priority source according to the priority;

[0097] In this embodiment, the priority of each target source is obtained by the system sorting the importance of different information sources. Since the motor may receive different information from multiple target sources during operation, the system needs to determine the priority of each target source according to its importance. The priority setting basis usually includes the reliability of the information source, the real-time of the data, and the direct impact on the motor operation. For example, the historical data in the motor internal parameter database is more important than the temporary input of the user interactive terminal in most cases, so it can be assigned a higher priority. After the system determines the priority of the target source, it selects the most priority target source as the reference to ensure that the operation protection of the motor is based on the most reliable data information.

[0098] S03, obtaining the demand information of the priority source, and determining the corresponding overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage according to the demand information.

[0099] In this embodiment, the demand information of the priority source is obtained by reading the parameters or instructions stored in the selected priority target source. For example, if the priority source is the motor internal parameter database, the system will obtain the key parameters related to motor overload and overvoltage, such as the maximum operating voltage and rated current of the motor. If the priority source is the user interactive terminal, the system will obtain the demand information related to the operating state of the motor according to the specific working conditions or requirements input by the user. According to these demand information, the system will dynamically adjust the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage to ensure that the motor can be properly protected under different operating conditions, and adjust the protection voltage in time according to the operating state and load change of the motor to avoid damage to the motor due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage or sudden changes in the load.

[0100] In summary, the priority can be determined according to the target power supply source of the motor, the demand information of the priority source can be dynamically obtained, and the preset protection voltage of overload and overvoltage can be adjusted according to the information, so that the system can be individually adjusted for different application scenarios, thereby improving the adaptability and flexibility of the motor protection system and providing more accurate and efficient protection in various power supply environments.

[0101] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module is exemplified, and in actual application, the above-mentioned functions can be completed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0102] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, characterized in that, The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection includes a control module (15), a preset protection voltage adjustment module (11), a voltage sampling module (10), a voltage comparison module (12), an overtime overvoltage judgment module (13), and a power absorption module (14). The signal input terminal of the voltage sampling module (10) is used to collect the power supply voltage of the motor. The signal output terminal of the voltage sampling module (10) is connected to the first signal input terminal of the voltage comparison module (12). The power input terminal of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the power output terminal of the DC regulated power supply. The overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output terminal of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the second signal input terminal of the voltage comparison module (12). The voltage adjustment controlled terminal of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) is connected to the voltage adjustment signal output terminal of the control module (15) so as to realize the adjustment of the preset protection voltage through the control module (15). The comparison signal output terminal of the voltage comparison module (12) is connected to the comparison signal input terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) to output a corresponding comparison signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13). The judgment signal output terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) is connected to the controlled terminal of the power absorption module (14). The sampling signal output terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) is connected to the sampling signal input terminal of the control module (15). The timeout control signal output terminal of the control module (15) is connected to the timeout control signal input terminal of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13). The timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) On the one hand, the first judgment signal is output to the power absorption module (14) according to the comparison signal, and on the other hand, the corresponding acquisition signal is output to the control module (15) according to the comparison signal, so that the control module (15) outputs the corresponding timeout control signal to the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) according to the acquisition signal, and then the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13) outputs the second judgment signal to the power absorption module (14) according to the timeout control signal. The power absorption module (14) controls whether to absorb energy consumption according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

2. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage sampling module (10) includes resistors R5 and R6 and capacitor C4. The first end of resistor R5 is connected to the VCC power supply. The second end of resistor R5 is connected to the first end of resistor R6. The second end of resistor R6 is grounded. The capacitor C4 is connected between the common node between the second end of resistor R5 and the first end of resistor R6 and ground. The common node between the second end of resistor R5 and the first end of resistor R6 is connected to the first signal input terminal of the voltage comparison module (12).

3. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset protection voltage adjustment module (11) includes a preset protection voltage generation unit and a voltage adjustment unit. The preset protection voltage generation unit includes resistors R1, R2, and R3, a three-terminal voltage regulator D1, and a capacitor C1. The first end of resistor R1 is connected to the power output terminal of the DC regulated power supply. The second end of resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1. The output terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1 is grounded. The second end of resistor R1 is connected to the first end of resistor R2. The second end of resistor R2 is connected to the first end of resistor R3. The second end of resistor R3 is connected to the adjustment signal output terminal of the voltage adjustment unit. The capacitor C1 is connected between the common node between the second end of resistor R1 and the first end of resistor R2 and ground. The common node between the second end of resistor R1 and the first end of resistor R2 is connected to the second signal input terminal of the voltage comparison module (12). The common node between the second end of resistor R2 and the first end of resistor R3 is connected to the feedback terminal of the three-terminal voltage regulator D1.

4. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage regulation unit includes an operational amplifier U1 and a resistor R4. The first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the voltage regulation signal output terminal of the control module (15). The second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the resistor R3. The negative input terminal of the operational amplifier and the output terminal of the operational amplifier are directly connected through feedback to form a non-inverting amplifier circuit.

5. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage comparison module (12) includes an operational amplifier U2 and a resistor R7. The first end of the resistor R7 is connected to the power supply, the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U2, the positive input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the signal output end of the voltage sampling module (10), the negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage signal output end of the preset protection voltage adjustment module (11), and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the comparison signal input end of the timeout overvoltage judgment module (13).

6. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overvoltage judgment module (13) includes a signal acquisition unit, a switch control unit and a resistor R11. The first end of the resistor R11 is connected to the comparison signal output terminal of the voltage comparison module (12), and the second end of the resistor R11 is connected to the controlled terminal of the power absorption module (14). The signal acquisition unit includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C6. The first end of the resistor R9 is connected to the comparison signal output terminal of the voltage comparison module (12), and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R8. The second end of the resistor R8 is grounded. The common node between the first end of the resistor R8 and the second end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the resistor R10. The capacitor C6 is connected between the second end of the resistor R10 and ground. The second end of the resistor R10 is connected to the sampling signal input terminal of the control module (15).

7. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switch control unit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R12. The first conducting terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R11. The second conducting terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is grounded. The controlled terminal of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the timeout control signal output terminal of the control module (15). The resistor R12 is connected between the timeout control signal output terminal of the control module (15) and ground.

8. The intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power absorption module (14) includes a MOSFET Q2 and a power absorption resistor R13. The first end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the VCC power supply, and the second end of the power absorption resistor R13 is connected to the first conducting end of the MOSFET Q2. The second conducting end of the MOSFET Q2 is grounded, and the controlled end of the MOSFET Q2 is connected to the judgment signal output end of the over-voltage judgment module (13) to control whether the power absorption resistor R13 absorbs the feedback voltage generated by the motor overload and overvoltage according to the first judgment signal or the second judgment signal.

9. A control method for an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection, applied to the intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Obtain the power supply voltage and preset overload and overvoltage protection voltage; The supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage are compared to generate a corresponding comparison result. A corresponding comparison signal is generated based on the comparison result. The comparison signal includes at least an overload and overvoltage signal that is high-level and a normal signal that is low-level. When the supply voltage is less than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is a normal signal. When the supply voltage is greater than the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the comparison signal is an overload and overvoltage signal. When the comparison signal is an overload or overvoltage signal, the duration of the overload or overvoltage signal is monitored and recorded in real time, and the duration is compared with a predetermined preset duration. If the duration does not exceed the predetermined preset duration, a first judgment signal is generated. The first judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to absorb energy. If the duration exceeds the predetermined preset duration, a second judgment signal is generated. The second judgment signal is used to control the power absorption resistor in the power absorption module to stop absorbing energy.

10. The control method for an intelligent motor overload and overvoltage absorption circuit with protection according to claim 9, characterized in that, Before the steps of obtaining the power supply voltage and the overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage, the method further includes: Determine the target source for the power supply motor, wherein the target source includes at least a user interaction terminal and a motor internal parameter database; Obtain the priority of each target source, and select the corresponding priority source based on the priority. Obtain the demand information of the priority source, and determine the corresponding overload and overvoltage preset protection voltage based on the demand information.

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