Enhanced link recovery for network power savings

Abstract

An enhanced link recovery for network power savings is provided. The application relates to devices and components, including apparatuses, systems, and methods for performing candidate beam detection operations with discontinuous transmission specific implementations.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 530,014, filed on July 31, 2023, entitled “Enhanced Link Recovery for Network Energy Savings,” and U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 18 / 759,726, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled “Enhanced Link Recovery for Network Energy Savings,” the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of wireless technology, and in particular to a link recovery method for network energy saving. Background Art

[0004] A 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network may provide services to user equipment (UE) via wireless communications. Specifically, a base station of the network and the UE may communicate with each other to provide services to the UE. A method for providing wireless communications between the network and the UE is to exchange information between the network and the UE using a beam. The network and the UE may perform operations and exchange information to establish a connection via a beam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] Figure 1 A table showing an example candidate beam detection (CBD) evaluation period (TEvaluate_CBD_CSI-RS) for frequency range 1 (FR1) according to some embodiments is illustrated.

[0006] Figure 2 A table showing an example CBD evaluation period (TEvaluate_CBD_CSI-RS) for frequency range 2 (FR2) according to some embodiments is illustrated.

[0007] Figure 3 Example signaling diagrams according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0008] Figure 4 An example discontinuous transmission (DTX) cycle arrangement is illustrated in accordance with some embodiments.

[0009] Figure 5 Example channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) arrangements according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0010] Figure 6 Example signaling diagrams according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0011] Figure 7 Example procedures according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0012] Figure 8 An example process is shown according to some embodiments.

[0013] Fig. 9 Exemplary processes according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0014] Fig.10 Example beamforming circuitry is shown in accordance with some embodiments.

[0015] Fig.11 An example user equipment (UE) according to some embodiments is illustrated.

[0016] Fig.12 An example next generation NodeB (gNB) according to some embodiments is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following specific embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals may be used to identify the same or similar elements in different drawings. In the following description, specific details, such as specific structures, architectures, interfaces, technologies, etc., are set forth for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art who benefit from the present disclosure that various aspects of various embodiments may be practiced in other examples that deviate from these specific details. In some cases, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the descriptions of various embodiments due to unnecessary details. For the purposes of this document, the phrase "A or B" refers to (A), (B), or (A and B); and the phrase "based on A" refers to "based at least in part on A", for example, it may be "based only on A" or it may be "based in part on A".

[0018] The following is a glossary of terms that may be used in this disclosure.

[0019] As used herein, the term "circuitry" refers to, is part of, or includes a hardware component such as an electronic circuit, a logic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) or a memory (shared, dedicated, or group) configured to provide the described functions, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable device (FPD) (e.g., a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a complex PLD (CPLD), a high capacity PLD (HCPLD), a structured ASIC, or a programmable system on chip (SoC)), a digital signal processor (DSP), etc. In some embodiments, the circuit system may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the described functions. The term "circuitry" may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements and a program code for performing the functions of the program code (or a combination of circuits used in an electrical or electronic system). In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code may be referred to as a specific type of circuit system.

[0020] As used herein, the term "processor circuitry" refers to, is part of, or includes a circuit system that is capable of sequentially and automatically performing a series of arithmetic or logical operations or recording, storing, or transmitting digital data. The term "processor circuitry" may refer to an application processor, a baseband processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a triple-core processor, a quad-core processor, or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions (such as program code, software modules, and / or functional processes).

[0021] As used herein, the term "interface circuitry" refers to circuitry that enables, is a part of, or includes information exchange between two or more components or devices. The term "interface circuitry" may refer to one or more hardware interfaces, such as a bus, an I / O interface, a peripheral component interface, a network interface card, etc.

[0022] As used herein, the term "user equipment" or "UE" refers to a device that has radio communication capabilities and can describe a remote user of network resources in a communication network. In addition, the terms "user equipment" or "UE" may be considered synonymous and may be referred to as a client, mobile phone, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, reconfigurable mobile device, etc. In addition, the term "user equipment" or "UE" may include any type of wireless / wired device or any computing device that includes a wireless communication interface.

[0023] As used herein, the term "computer system" refers to any type of interconnected electronic devices, computer devices, or components thereof. Additionally, the term "computer system" or "system" may refer to various components of a computer that are communicatively coupled to one another. Furthermore, the term "computer system" or "system" may refer to multiple computer devices or multiple computing systems that are communicatively coupled to one another and configured to share computing resources or networked resources.

[0024] As used herein, the term "resource" refers to a physical or virtual device, a physical or virtual component within a computing environment, or a physical or virtual component within a specific device, such as a computer device, a mechanical device, a memory space, a processor / CPU time, a processor / CPU usage, a processor and accelerator load, a hardware time or usage, an electrical power, an input / output operation, a port or a network socket, a channel / link allocation, a throughput, a memory usage, a storage, a network, a database and an application, a unit of work, etc. "Hardware resources" may refer to computing, storage or network resources provided by physical hardware elements. "Virtualized resources" may refer to computing, storage or network resources provided by a virtualized infrastructure to an application, a device, a system, etc. The term "network resources" or "communication resources" may refer to resources that a computer device / system can access via a communication network. The term "system resources" may refer to any kind of shared entity that provides a service, and may include computing resources or network resources. System resources may be considered as a set of coherent functions, network data objects or services that can be accessed through a server, wherein such system resources reside on a single host or multiple hosts and can be clearly identified.

[0025] As used herein, the term "channel" refers to any tangible or intangible transmission medium for transmitting data or data streams. The term "channel" may be synonymous or equivalent to "communication channel", "data communication channel", "transmission channel", "data transmission channel", "access channel", "data access channel", "link", "data link", "carrier", "radio frequency carrier" or any other similar term representing a path or medium through which data is transmitted. In addition, as used herein, the term "link" refers to a connection between two devices for transmitting and receiving information.

[0026] As used herein, the terms "instantiate," "instantiate," and the like refer to the creation of an instance. "Instance" also refers to a specific occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during the execution of program code.

[0027] The term "connected" may mean that two or more elements at a common communication protocol layer have an established signaling relationship with each other through a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point.

[0028] As used herein, the term "network element" refers to physical or virtualized equipment or infrastructure for providing wired or wireless communication network services. The term "network element" may be considered synonymous with or referred to as a networked computer, networking hardware, network equipment, network node, virtualized network function, etc.

[0029] The term "information element" refers to a structural element that contains one or more fields. The term "field" refers to the individual contents of an information element, or a data element that contains the contents. An information element may include one or more additional information elements.

[0030] As used herein, the term "based at least in part on" may indicate that an item is based only on other indicated items and / or based on other indicated items and additional other items. For example, "A is determined at least in part based on B" may indicate that A is determined based only on B and / or A is determined based on B and other items in the embodiment.

[0031] Problem Description

[0032] In the Radio Access Network Working Group 4 (RAN4) #107 meeting, WF was agreed in R4-2310086. The first issue to be discussed (referred to as "Issue 2-1") is the radio resource management (RRM) impact of cell discontinuous transmission (DTX) / discontinuous reception (DRX) (obj#2). The following proposals are put forward for further study (FFS).

[0033] The first proposal (referred to as "Proposal 1") is to indicate to the Radio Network Layer 1 (RAN1) that, based on the network configuration, Release 18 (Rel-18) user equipment supporting cell DTX does not expect to receive and / or process the following signals / channels from the Next Generation Node B (gNB) during the inactive period of cell DTX: Positioning Reference Signal, Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) configured by measObjectNR (for RRM), CSI-RS associated with RadioLinkMonitoringConfig and BeamFailureDectection (for Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) and Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)), Periodic / Semi-Persistent CSI-RS (for Beam Management (BM)). FFS is whether the Release 18 UE supporting cell DTX does not expect to receive and / or process the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) in the UE-Specific Search Space (USS) to be decided by the Radio Access Network Working Group 1 / 2 (RAN1 / 2) and the PDCCH in the Type 3 Common Search Space (CSS) to be decided by RAN1 / 2. In order not to affect legacy UEs that do not support the Network Energy Saving (NES) feature, the Tracking Reference Signal (TRS) is still maintained during the inactive duration of the cell DTX.

[0034] The second proposal (referred to as "Proposal 2") is that Radio Access Network Working Group 4 (RAN4) will discuss the interruption requirements due to changes in cell DTX / DRX configuration. The third proposal (referred to as "Proposal 3") is that RAN4 should wait for more progress in RAN1 / 2 to investigate whether there is an RRM impact of DTX / DRX. No conclusion has been drawn on the RRM impact caused by DTX or DRX configuration.

[0035] In the legacy CSI-RS based candidate beam detection (CBD) procedure, it is defined in Technical Specification (TS) 38.133: If the configured DRX cycle is ≤ 320 milliseconds (ms), the UE shall monitor the configured CSI-RS resources using the evaluation period corresponding to the non-DRX mode in Tables 8.5.6.2-1 and 8.5.6.2-2. (3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Requirements for support of Radio Resource Management (Release 18) (2023). 3GPP TS 38.133, 18.2.0). Figure 1 Table 100 is illustrated showing an example candidate beam detection (CBD) evaluation period (TEvaluate_CBD_CSI-RS) for frequency range 1 (FR1) according to some embodiments. For example, Table 100 is an example of Table 8.5.6.2-1 of TS 38.133, which defines the evaluation period during which the UE should monitor the configured CSI-RS resources for FR1. Figure 2 Table 200 showing an example CBD evaluation period (TEvaluate_CBD_CSI-RS) for frequency range 2 (FR2) according to some embodiments is illustrated. For example, table 200 is an example of table 8.5.6.2-2 of TS38.133, which defines the evaluation period that the UE should monitor the configured CSI-RS resources for FR2.

[0036] Since CBD is used by UE to recover beam / link, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) requires UE to ignore DRX cycle but follow CSI-RS periodicity for fast recovery in some connected mode discontinuous reception (C-DRX) situations. One question that needs to be solved is, what should UE do when DTX is used? Even if UE can skip DRX, DTX may limit CSI-RS transmission from the network side.

[0037] Disclosed herein is a method that can be used to address the performance of CBD operation in the case of implementing DTX. In option 1, the UE may measure the CSI-RS of the CBD following the DTX cycle, but ignoring DRX, specifically max(DTX cycle, CSI-RS periodicity) or LCM(DTX cycle, CSI-RS periodicity), where LCM is the least common multiple. For example, in some instances, the UE may be configured with a CBD evaluation interval with a maximum value of the DTX cycle and the CSI-RS periodicity. In other instances, the UE may be configured with a CBD evaluation interval with a least common multiple of the DTX cycle and the CSI-RS periodicity.

[0038] In option 2, the network may configure two resource sets for NES mode and non-NES mode for CBD (e.g., CSI-RS+synchronization signal block (SSB), or CSI-RS only for non-NES mode, and SSB only for NES mode), or the network may use a command to instruct the UE to switch the resources of the CBD, or the UE may automatically switch when the network is configured to switch between NES and non-NES. For example, the network may configure a first resource set to be utilized by the UE for CBD operation when the network is in NES mode, wherein the network may implement DTX when it is in NES mode. In some embodiments, the first resource set when the network is in NES mode may include SSBs, wherein in some of these embodiments, SSBs may be the only resources in the first resource set. In addition, the network may configure a second resource set to be utilized by the UE for CBD operation when the network is in non-NES mode, wherein the network may not implement DTX when it is in non-NES mode. In some embodiments, the second resource set when the network is in non-NES mode may include CSI-RS and SSBs, or may include only CSI-RS. In some embodiments, the network may provide a command to the UE to switch between the first set of resources and the second set of resources to be used for the CBD. In other embodiments, the UE may switch between the first set of resources and the second set of resources when the network switches between the NES mode and the non-NES mode, wherein the network may configure the UE to determine when the UE is to switch between the NES mode and the non-NES mode.

[0039] In option 3, the CBD reference signal (RS) configured by the network may be available even outside of DTX, or if C-DRX is less than a threshold, the CBD RS configured by the network may be available even outside of DTX. For example, the network may identify resources to be transmitted when the network is in an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state, and may configure the UE with resources to be used for CBD operation. In some embodiments, if C-DRX is less than a threshold, the network may configure the UE with resources to be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

[0040] In option 4, if SSB and CSI-RS are configured in the network CBD resources, the UE may automatically fall back to CBD based only on SSB and may discard the CSI-RS based evaluation. Specifically, CBD based on SSB can directly determine whether it is a beam failure or a link failure. This fallback may also be based on the DTX cycle size. For example, the network may configure the UE to perform CBD operations using SSB and CSI-RS. In instances where CSI-RS is unavailable (such as when CSI-RS is not transmitted during DTX), the UE may determine that CSI-RS is unavailable and may perform CBD operations using SSB. The UE may be able to determine beam failures and / or link failures based on CBD operations performed using SSB. In some embodiments, the UE may also consider the DTX cycle size when CSI-RS is omitted from CBD operations.

[0041] In option 5, when entering NES mode, the network may reconfigure CBD resources for all UEs, for example, the CBD resources will be located on SSB. For example, when the network enters NES mode, the network may reconfigure the resources to be used for CBD operation. In some embodiments, when the network enters NES mode, the network may reconfigure the UE to perform CBD operation using SSB. When the network enters non-NES mode, the network may reconfigure the UE to use another set of resources.

[0042] In option 6, if only CSI-RS is configured for CBD in the network, option 1 is used or the configured CBD is skipped, but the initial access procedure is fallen back to by using SSB-based contention-based random access (CBRA) or contention-free random access (CFRA). This fallback may also be based on the DTX cycle size. For example, in some embodiments, the network may configure the UE to perform CBD operation using only CSI-RS. In some of these embodiments, the UE may measure the CSI-RS of the CBD following the DTX cycle according to option 1 below. In some of these embodiments, the UE may determine to skip the configured CBD operation based on the UE not receiving the CSI-RS. The UE may then utilize SSB-based CBRA or CFRA after skipping the configured CBD.

[0043] method

[0044] If the CSI-RS is configured as at least one of the CBD resources from the network, any of Option 1, Option 2, Option 3, Option 4, Option 5, or Option 6 may be implemented as described below. For example, the network may configure one or more resources for the UE to perform CBD operation, wherein the one or more resources may include CSI-RS. Any of the following Options 1 to 6 may be implemented using a UE configured with a CSI-RS for CBD operation.

[0045] Figure 3 An example signaling diagram 300 according to some embodiments is illustrated. The signaling diagram 300 illustrates signals and / or operations that may be performed as part of the configuration of CBD operations and the execution of CBD operations. For example, the signals and / or operations may be implemented as part of any one of options 1 to 6 in the embodiments, such as described below.

[0046] Signaling diagram 300 may include base station 302. Base station 302 may be a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), and / or a next generation Node B (gNB). In some embodiments, base station 302 may include gNB 1200 ( Fig.12 )'s features. Base station 302 may be part of a network that provides services to UEs via beams and / or links.

[0047] The signaling diagram 300 may include a UE 304. The UE 304 may include a UE 1100 ( Fig.11 ) features. UE 304 may support CBD operation using NES. For example, UE may be configured for NES operation and may perform CBD operation according to the configured options.

[0048] At 306, UE 304 may access the network. For example, UE 304 may perform one or more operations to access the network via base station 302. UE 304 may exchange one or more transmissions with base station 302 to register with the network. As part of UE 304 accessing the network, base station 302 may determine a beam and / or link for communicating with UE 304 and may utilize the beam and / or link to communicate with UE 304.

[0049] The network may configure resources for UE 304 to perform CBD operations in 308. For example, base station 302 may transmit a configuration for performing CBD operations, where the configuration may include resources for performing CBD operations. The configuration for performing CBD operations may be implemented according to options described in the present disclosure.

[0050] In some embodiments, the network may indicate the NES state to the UE 304 in 310. For example, the base station 302 may transmit an indication of the current state of the network, the NES state. The indication may indicate whether the base station is operating in NES mode or non-NES mode. The indication may be transmitted based on the network changing mode (such as from NES mode to non-NES mode, or vice versa). In some embodiments, the transmission of the indication in 310 may be omitted. Specifically, whether the transmission of the indication in 310 may be performed according to the options implemented from the options described in the present disclosure.

[0051] In 312, UE 304 may determine the NES state of the network. For example, UE 304 may determine the NES state of the network according to an option implemented from the options described in the present disclosure. Specifically, UE 304 may determine whether the network is operating in NES mode or in non-NES mode. In an embodiment in which base station 302 provides an indication of the NES state to UE 304 in 310, UE 304 may determine the NES state of the network based on the indication. In an embodiment in which the indication of the NES state is omitted, UE 304 may determine the state of the NES based on a signal (such as a reference signal) received by UE 304 from base station 302.

[0052] In 314, UE 304 may perform the CBD operation in 304. Specifically, UE 304 may utilize one or more resources to perform the CBD operation, wherein the resources for the CBD operation may be determined based on the configuration for performing the CBD operation and / or the NES state of the network.

[0053] In option 1, when the network can be configured with NES and can enter NES mode, the UE can be changed to measure the CSI-RS of the CBD by following the DTX cycle, but when the CDRX cycle is less than the threshold, the UE can ignore CDRX, for example, the CBD evaluation interval can follow max (DTX cycle, CSI-RS periodicity) or LCM (DTX cycle, CSI-RS periodicity), where LCM can be the least common multiple. For example, the configuration transmitted from the base station 302 to the UE 304 in 310 can configure the UE 304 to measure the CSI-RS for CBD operation. The configuration can also configure the UE 304 to perform CBD operation following the DTX cycle. For example, when the network is in NES mode, the configuration can enable the UE 304 to perform CBD operation when the network is in an active DTX state of the DTX cycle. In some embodiments, the UE 304 can be configured to have an evaluation interval that follows the maximum value of the DTX cycle or CSI-RS periodicity (where the UE 304 can perform CBD operation). In some embodiments, the UE 304 may be configured with an evaluation interval that is the least common multiple of the DTX cycle or the CSI-RS periodicity.

[0054] For example, the network may configure the UE 304 to follow DTX in 308. The base station 302 may transmit a configuration to the UE 304 indicating that the UE 304 will follow DTX. The configuration may indicate that the UE 304 will perform CBD operation during the DTX cycle or the maximum value of the CSI-RS periodicity, or the LCM of the DTX cycle and the CSI-RS periodicity. Thus, when the network is in NES mode, the UE 304 may perform CBD operation in 314 during the DTX cycle or the maximum value of the CSI-RS, or the DTX cycle and the LCM of the CSI periodicity.

[0055] Figure 4 An example DTX cycle arrangement 400 is illustrated in accordance with some embodiments. Specifically, the DTX cycle arrangement 400 shows an example DTX cycle 402 in accordance with some embodiments. When the network is in NES mode, the network may implement a DTX cycle (eg, DTX cycle 402).

[0056] The DTX cycle 402 may include an active DTX state 404 and an inactive DTX state 406. When the network is in the active DTX state 404, the network may transmit (via, for example, the base station 302 ( Figure 3 ) base station) signals, which may include resources to be used for CBD operations. When the network is in the inactive DTX state 406, the network may mute one or more of the signals being transmitted when the network is in the active DTX state 404. Muting the signal during the inactive DTX state 406 may include not transmitting the signal and / or turning off the transmitter that will transmit the signal. The signal muted during the inactive DTX state 406 may depend on the option being implemented. In some embodiments, one or more of the signals muted during the inactive DTX state 406 may have been configured to be used as resources for performing CBD operations by one or more UEs. Therefore, when the network is in the active DTX state 404, the UE may receive resources for performing CBD operations, while when the network is in the inactive DTX state 406, the UE may not receive the resource.

[0057] Figure 5 An example CSI-RS arrangement 500 according to some embodiments is illustrated. Specifically, the CSI-RS arrangement 500 shows that a network may be provided via a base station (such as base station 302 ( Figure 3)) transmitted. The network may transmit multiple instances of the CSI-RS at set intervals. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the network may transmit a first instance of CSI-RS 502 and a second instance of CSI-RS 504. In the illustrated embodiment, the transmission may have a CSI-RS periodicity 506 between transmissions, as illustrated by the first instance of CSI-RS 502 and the second instance of CSI-RS 504 being separated by the CSI-RS periodicity 506.

[0058] For Option 1, where the UE 304 is configured to follow DTX, the UE 304 may be configured to perform CBD operation when the network is in the active DTX state 404 and the network is in NES mode. In some embodiments, the CBD evaluation interval for performing CBD operation may be the maximum of the DTX cycle 402 or the CSI-RS periodicity 506. In some other embodiments, the CBD evaluation interval for performing CBD operation may be the least common multiple of the DTX cycle 402 and the CSI-RS periodicity 506.

[0059] In option 2, the network may configure two resource sets for CBD for NES mode and non-NES mode, e.g., CSI-RS and SSB, or only CSI-RS for non-NES mode and only SSB for NES mode. Figure 6 An example signaling diagram 600 according to some embodiments is illustrated. For example, the signaling diagram 600 may include configuring two resource sets, one resource set for a NES mode of the network and another resource set for a non-NES mode of the network.

[0060] Signaling diagram 600 may include base station 602. Base station 602 may be a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), and / or a next generation Node B (gNB). In some embodiments, base station 602 may include base station 302 ( Figure 3 ) and / or gNB 1200( Fig.12 )'s features. Base station 602 may be part of a network that provides services to UEs via beams and / or links.

[0061] Signaling diagram 600 may include UE 604. UE 604 may include UE 304 ( Figure 3 ) and / or UE 1100( Fig.11 ) features. UE 604 may support CBD operation using NES. For example, the UE may be configured for NES operation and may perform CBD operation according to the configured options.

[0062] At 606, UE 604 may access a network. For example, UE 604 may perform one or more operations to access the network via base station 602. UE 604 may exchange one or more transmissions with base station 602 to register with the network. As part of UE 604 accessing the network, base station 602 may determine a beam and / or link for communicating with UE 604, and may utilize the beam and / or link to communicate with UE 604.

[0063] In 608, the network may configure two CBD resource sets for UE 604. For example, the network may configure UE 604 with a first resource set to be utilized by UE 604 to perform CBD operations when the network is in NES mode, and a second resource set to be utilized by UE 604 to perform CBD operations when the network is in non-NES mode. The configuration may include at least one difference between resources in the first resource set and resources in the second resource set. For example, the second resource set may include resources that will be muted when the network is in NES mode, while the first resource set may omit resources that will be muted when the network is in NES mode. In some embodiments, the first resource set may include SSBs (alone or together with other resources), and the second resource set may include CSI-RS and SSBs (alone or together with other resources) or may include CSI-RS.

[0064] In 610, the network may indicate to UE 604 that the network is in non-NES mode. For example, base station 602 may transmit to UE 604 an indication that the state of the network is set to non-NES mode. In some embodiments, when the network switches to non-NES mode, base station 602 may transmit the indication. The network may use a command to indicate that UE 604 switches the resources of CBD, for example, downlink control information (DCI) / medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) / radio resource control (RRC). For example, base station 602 may transmit an indication that the network is set to non-NES mode via DCI, MAC-CE and / or RRC. UE may discard the previous CBD evaluation sample and restart a new CBD evaluation based on NES CBD resources. For example, UE 604 may clear the results of the previously performed CBD operation based on receiving an indication that the network is in non-NES mode. UE 604 may perform CBD operation and generate new results of CBD operation using resources in the second resource set that will be used when the network is in non-NES mode. In some implementations, the network may also indicate to the UE 604 that the UE 604 will utilize the second set of resources for CBD operation.

[0065] At 612, the UE 604 may perform one or more CBD operations using the CBD resource set for the non-NES mode. For example, when the network is in the non-NES mode, the UE 604 may perform the CBD operations using resources from the second resource set.

[0066] In 614, the network may indicate to UE 604 that the network is changing to NES mode. For example, base station 602 may transmit to UE 604 an indication that the state of the network is set to NES mode. In some embodiments, when the network switches to NES mode, base station 602 may transmit the indication. Base station 602 may transmit an indication that the network is set to NES mode via DCI, MAC-CE and / or RRC. When the network enters NES mode, UE may switch to using CBD resources for NES mode, such as CBD based on SSB. For example, UE 604 may be configured to perform CBD operations using resources of a first resource set for NES mode based on an indication that the network is set to NES mode. In some embodiments, the resources of the first resource set may include SSB. UE may discard previous CBD evaluation samples and restart new CBD evaluations based on NES CBD resources. For example, UE 604 may clear the results of previously performed CBD operations based on receiving an indication that the network is in NES mode. The UE 604 may perform the CBD operation using resources in the first set of resources to be utilized when the network is in the NES mode and generate a new result of the CBD operation.

[0067] In some embodiments, in 616, the network may indicate to the UE 604 to change the CBD resource set. For example, the base station 602 may transmit an indication to change the resource set to be used for CBD operation. In the illustrated embodiment, the indication to change the resource set may indicate that the UE 604 will change from using the second resource set for non-NES mode to using the first resource set for NES mode. In some embodiments, 616 may be omitted.

[0068] At 618, the UE 604 may perform one or more CBD operations using the CBD resource set for the NES mode. For example, when the network is in the NES mode, the UE 604 may perform the CBD operation using resources from the first resource set.

[0069] In option 3 (including options 3-1 and 3-2), if the network configures CBD resources (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS or both) to the UE, when the network enters NES mode, these resources may be prioritized from the network transmission side, that is, DTX may not mute these resource transmissions; or they may be prioritized based on some conditions (as follows). For example, the base station 302 may configure the UE 304 with resources for performing the CBD operation in 308. In some embodiments, the resources may include SSB, CSI-RS, or both. When the network is in NES mode, the base station 302 may continue to transmit resources. For example, the base station 302 may continue to transmit resources during the active DTX state 404 and the inactive DTX state 406 of the DTX cycle 402.

[0070] In option 3-1, the UE may expect that the CBD reference signal (RS) configured by the network will be available even outside the DTX active duration, and the UE may perform CBD evaluation based on RS periodicity. For example, the base station 302 may transmit resources in both the active DTX state 404 and the inactive DTX state 406. The UE 304 may be configured to perform CBD operation based on the periodicity of the configured resources, such as the CSI-RS periodicity 506.

[0071] In option 3-2, the UE may expect that the CBD RS configured by the network will be available even outside the DTX activity duration based on a certain condition, and the UE may perform CBD evaluation based on RS periodicity. For example, if the CDRX cycle is less than a threshold, the CBD RS configured by the network may be available even outside the DTX activity duration. In some embodiments, if the DTX cycle is less than a threshold, the CBD RS configured by the network may be available even outside the DTX activity duration. In some embodiments, if max{DTX cycle, CDRX cycle} is less than a threshold, the CBD RS configured by the network may be available even outside the DTX activity duration. In some embodiments, if the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, the CBD RS configured by the network may be available even outside the DTX activity duration.

[0072] For example, in an embodiment, the network may determine whether the CDRX cycle is less than a threshold, whether the DTX cycle is less than a threshold, whether the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CDRX cycle is less than a threshold, and / or whether the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold. If the network determines that the CDRX cycle is less than a threshold, the DTX cycle is less than a threshold, the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CDRX cycle is less than a threshold, and / or the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold (depending on the embodiment), the network may configure the UE with resources configured to be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state, or may maintain the transmission of resources configured for CBD operation by the UE based on the determination. For example, in some embodiments that meet the conditions of one or more implementations above, the base station 302 may configure the UE 304 with resources to be transmitted in both the active DTX state 404 and the inactive DTX state 406 for performing the CBD operation in 308. In some embodiments, the base station 302 may protect (e.g., continue to transmit) resources configured for the UE for performing CBD operation in the inactive DTX state 406 that meets the conditions of one or more implementations above.

[0073] In option 4 (including options 4-1 and 4-2), if SSB and CSI-RS are configured in the network CBD resources, option 4-1 or option 4-2 may be implemented when the network enters NES mode. In option 4-1, the UE may automatically fall back to CBD based only on SSB, and may discard the evaluation samples based on CSI-RS, that is, the CBD evaluation results based on SSB may directly determine beam recovery. For example, the base station 302 may configure the UE 304 to utilize SSB and CSI-RS as resources for performing the CBD operation in 308. When the network is in non-NES mode, the SSB and CSI-RS may be transmitted by the base station 302. When the network is in NES mode, the base station 302 may not transmit CSI-RS within at least a portion of the DTX cycle (such as when the network is in an inactive DTX state 406). The UE 304 may determine the NES state of the network to determine whether the network is in NES mode or non-NES mode. UE 304 may determine the state based on an indication of the NES state received from base station 302 in 310 or based on the UE 304 not receiving CSI-RS during a scheduled CBD operation attempt. If UE 304 determines that the network is in the NES state, UE 304 may utilize SSB (alone or in combination with another resource other than CSI-RS) to perform CBD operation. If UE 304 determines that the network is in the non-NES state, UE 304 may utilize SSB and CSI-RS to perform CBD operation.

[0074] In option 4-2, based on some conditions, the UE may automatically fall back to CBD based only on SSB, and may discard evaluation samples based on CSI-RS, for example, the CBD evaluation result based on SSB may directly determine beam recovery. In some embodiments, the condition may be that the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold. In some embodiments, the condition may be that the CDRX cycle is greater than a threshold. In some embodiments, the condition may be that Min{DTX cycle, DRX cycle} is greater than a threshold. In some embodiments, the condition may be that Max{DTX cycle, DRX cycle} is greater than a threshold. For example, the base station 302 may configure the UE 304 to utilize SSB and CSI-RS as resources for performing CBD operations in 308. When the network is in non-NES mode, SSB and CSI-RS may be transmitted by the base station 302. When the network is in NES mode, the base station 302 may not transmit CSI-RS within at least a portion of the DTX cycle (such as when the network is in an inactive DTX state 406). UE 304 may determine the NES state of the network to determine whether the network is in NES mode or non-NES mode. In addition, in some embodiments, UE 304 may determine whether the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, whether the CDRX cycle is greater than a threshold, whether the minimum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a threshold, and / or whether the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a threshold. If the UE determines that the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, the CDRX cycle is greater than a threshold, the minimum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a threshold, and / or the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a threshold (depending on the implementation), then when the network is in the NES state, UE 304 may utilize SSB (alone or in combination with another resource other than CSI-RS) to perform CBD operation. If UE 304 determines that the conditions for implementation are not met (depending on the implementation), regardless of whether the network is in the NES state or the non-NES state, UE 304 may utilize both SSB and CSI-RS to perform CBD operation.

[0075] In option 5, when the network enters NES mode, the network will reconfigure CBD resources for all UEs, for example, the CBD resources will be located on "SSB" or "CSI-RS with a specific periodicity". The UE will follow those reconfigured RSs to perform CBD evaluations, and will always assume that those reconfigured RSs are available, whether within or outside the DTX activity duration. For example, when the network transitions to NES mode, the base station 302 may reconfigure the resources to be used for CBD operations (such as in 308) for the UE 304. The reconfiguration may include reconfiguring the resources to be used for CBD operations for the UE 304 when the network is in NES mode. In some embodiments, the resources may include SSBs and / or CSI-RS with a specific periodicity. The base station 302 may transmit the configured resources during the active DTX state 404 and the inactive DTX state 406. When the network is in the NES state, the UE 304 may perform CBD operations using the configured resources. When the network transitions to non-NES mode, base station 302 may also reconfigure resources for UE 304 to be used for CBD operation (such as in 308). Then, when the network is in non-NES mode, UE 304 may utilize the reconfigured resources for CBD operation.

[0076] In option 6 (including options 6-1, 6-2, and 6-3), CSI-RS may be configured only for CBD in the network. For option 6-1, the system may use option 1. For example, when the network is in the NES state, the base station 302 may configure the UE 304 to follow the DTX cycle to perform CBD operation. The interval used to perform CBD operation when the network is in the NES state may be the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CSI-RS periodicity, or the least common multiple of the DTX cycle and the CSI-RS periodicity. Based on the UE 304 being configured to follow the DTX cycle, when the network is in the active DTX state 404 of the NES mode, the UE may perform CBD operation (such as in 314). Therefore, when the network is in the active DTX state 404, the UE 304 may perform CBD operation using the CSI-RS.

[0077] In option 6-2, the UE may skip the configured CBD procedure, but fall back to the initial access procedure or use SSB-based CBRA or CFRA (e.g., random access). For example, when the network is in the NES state, the UE 304 may skip performing the configured CBD operation using the configured resources. In some embodiments, the UE 304 may skip performing the configured CBD operation based on the UE 304 determining that one or more of the configured resources for the CBD operation have not been received. If the UE 304 skips performing the configured CBD operation, the UE may perform the initial access procedure, use SSB-based CBRA, and / or use SSB CFRA for CBD.

[0078] In option 6-3, based on some conditions, the UE may skip the configured CBD procedure, but fall back to the initial access procedure or use SSB-based CBRA or CFRA (e.g., random access). These conditions may be that the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, Min{DTX cycle, DRX cycle} is greater than a threshold, and / or Max{DTX cycle, DRX cycle} is greater than a threshold. For example, in some embodiments, the UE 304 may determine whether the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, whether the minimum value of the DTX cycle or DRX cycle is greater than a threshold, and / or whether the maximum value of the DTX cycle or DRX cycle is greater than a threshold. If the UE 304 determines that the DTX cycle is greater than a threshold, the minimum value of the DTX cycle or DRX cycle is greater than a threshold, and / or the maximum value of the DTX cycle or DRX cycle is greater than a threshold (depending on the implementation), then when the network is in the NES state, the UE may skip performing the configured CBD operation using the configured resources. In some embodiments, the UE 304 may skip performing the configured CBD operation based on the UE 304 determining that one or more of the configured resources for the CBD operation have not been received. If the UE 304 skips performing configured CBD operations, the UE may perform initial access procedures, use SSB-based CBRA, and / or use SSB CFRA for CBD.

[0079] Figure 7 An example procedure 700 is illustrated according to some embodiments. The procedure 700 may be performed by a UE (such as UE 304 ( Figure 3 ), UE 604( Figure 6 ) and / or UE 1100( Fig.11 Procedure 700 may include performing CBD operations based on the NES state of the network.

[0080] In some embodiments, the procedure 700 may include receiving an indication of a NES state. For example, the UE may receive an indication of a NES state of a base station from a base station to which the UE is connected. The base station may include base station 302 ( Figure 3 )、Base Station 602( Figure 6 ) and / or gNB1200( Fig.12 ) in one or more of the features of the present invention. In some embodiments, the receiving indication may be omitted.

[0081] Procedure 700 may include determining a NES state of a base station at 702. For example, a UE may determine a NES state of a base station to which the UE is connected. The base station may include base station 302 ( Figure 3 )、Base Station 602( Figure 6 ) and / or gNB 1200( Fig.12 ) features. The base station may implement DTX operation for an NES mode of the base station. In some embodiments, determining the NES state includes determining that the base station is in NES mode.

[0082] In embodiments where the UE receives an indication of a NES state, determining the NES state may include determining the NES state based at least in part on the indication of the NES state.

[0083] In some embodiments, determining the NES state may include determining whether resources configured for CBD operation have been received during CBD operation. For example, the UE may be configured to utilize one or more resources to perform CBD operation, wherein the UE may determine that the base station is in the NES state based at least in part on not receiving resources in the one or more resources during the attempted CBD operation.

[0084] In some embodiments, the procedure 700 may include receiving a configuration of a first resource set for NES mode. For example, the UE may receive a configuration of a first resource set for NES mode from a base station. In some embodiments, the first resource set may include SSBs. In some embodiments, receiving the configuration of the first set may be omitted.

[0085] Procedure 700 may include receiving a configuration of a second resource set for a non-NES mode of a base station. For example, the UE may receive a configuration of a second resource set for a NES mode from the base station. The second resource set may include a CSI-RS and an SSB, or in some embodiments, include a CSI-RS. In some embodiments, receiving the configuration of the second set may be omitted.

[0086] Procedure 700 may include receiving a CBD configuration indicating resources available during and outside of a DTX active duration of DTX operation. For example, the UE may receive a CBD configuration indicating resources available during and outside of a DTX active duration of DTX operation from a base station. As an example, the CBD configuration may be received by the base station in an active DTX state, such as active DTX state 404 ( Figure 4 )) and in an inactive DTX state (such as inactive DTX state 406 ( Figure 4)) during the transmission of resources. In some embodiments, the receiving CBD configuration can be omitted.

[0087] Procedure 700 may include determining that the DTX cycle is greater than a first threshold, the CDRX cycle is greater than a second threshold, the minimum of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a third threshold, or the maximum of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold. For example, the UE may determine that the configured DTX cycle is greater than the first threshold, the configured CDRX cycle is greater than the second threshold, the minimum of the configured DTX cycle or the configured DRX cycle is greater than the third threshold, or the maximum of the configured DTX cycle or the configured DRX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold. In some embodiments, this determination may be omitted.

[0088] The procedure 700 may include determining a configuration for performing CBD operation at 704. For example, the UE may determine a configuration for performing CBD operation based at least in part on a NES state of a base station.

[0089] In some embodiments, determining the configuration may include determining a DTX cycle timing for the base station. In some embodiments, the procedure 700 may also include determining a time period during which resources for CBD operation are to be transmitted. For example, the UE may determine a time period during which resources for CBD operation are to be transmitted based at least in part on the DTX cycle timing. In some embodiments, the time period may correspond to an active DTX state (such as active DTX state 404 ( Figure 4 )). In these embodiments, determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation may also include determining that the CBD operation will be performed during the time period. In some cases, determining the time period may be omitted.

[0090] In an embodiment where the UE receives a configuration of a first resource set and a configuration of a second resource set, determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation may include determining whether to perform the CBD operation using the first resource set or the second resource set. For example, the UE may determine whether to perform the CBD operation using the first resource set or the second resource set based at least in part on the NES state.

[0091] In an embodiment where the UE receives a CBD configuration indicating that resources are available during and outside of the DTX active duration, determining the configuration for performing CBD operation may include determining that the resources are to be used for CBD operation.

[0092] In embodiments where determining the NES state includes determining whether a resource configured for CBD operation has been received during CBD operation, the resource may be a first resource. Additionally, in some embodiments, determining the configuration for performing CBD operation may include determining that a second resource will be used for CBD based at least in part on the NES state. In some embodiments, determining the configuration for performing CBD operation includes determining that a second resource will be used for CBD operation based at least in part on determining that a DTX cycle is greater than a first threshold, a CDRX cycle is greater than a second threshold, a minimum value of a DTX cycle or a DRX cycle is greater than a third threshold, or a maximum value of a DTX cycle or a DRX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold.

[0093] The procedure 700 may include performing a CBD operation at 706. For example, the UE may perform the CBD operation according to the determined configuration.

[0094] In embodiments where a time period is determined in which resources for CBD operations are to be transmitted, performing CBD operations may include performing CBD operations during the time period. In some embodiments, CBD operations may be performed in an active DTX state (such as active DTX state 404 ( Figure 4 )) is executed during the period.

[0095] In an embodiment where the first resource set or the second resource set is determined to be used to perform the CBD operation, performing the CBD operation may include performing the CBD operation using the determined first resource set or the second resource set.

[0096] In embodiments where the received CBD configuration indicates resources available during and outside of the DTX activity duration, performing the CBD operation may include utilizing the resources to perform the CBD operation.

[0097] In embodiments where the second resource is determined for use in a CBD operation, performing the CBD operation may include utilizing the second resource to perform the CBD operation.

[0098] Although Figure 7 The order of operations of procedure 700 may be arguably implied, but it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be performed in a different order and / or one or more of these operations may be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be omitted from procedure 700 and / or one or more additional operations may be included in the procedure.

[0099] Figure 8 800 according to some embodiments. Figure 3 )、Base Station 602( Figure 6) and / or gNB 1200( Fig.12 Procedure 800 may include configuring the UE to perform CBD operation based on the NES state of the network. The UE may include UE 304 ( Figure 3 ), UE 604( Figure 6 ) and / or UE 1100( Fig.11 )'s features.

[0100] In some embodiments, procedure 800 may include determining an active DTX state (such as active DTX state 404 ( Figure 4 )) and an inactive DTX state (such as inactive DTX state 406 ( Figure 4 )) during the period. For example, the UE may determine that one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state of DTX operation. In some embodiments, determining that one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state may be omitted.

[0101] In some embodiments, the procedure 800 may include determining that the CDRX cycle is less than a first threshold, the DTX cycle is less than a second threshold, the DTX cycle or a maximum value of the CDRX cycle is less than a third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold. In addition, the procedure 800 may include determining that one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state of DTX operation based at least in part on determining that the CDRX cycle is less than the first threshold, the DTX cycle is less than the second threshold, the DTX cycle or a maximum value of the CDRX cycle is less than the third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold. In some embodiments, determinations related to thresholds may be omitted.

[0102] Procedure 800 may include configuring one or more resources for the UE to be used to perform CBD operation in 802. For example, a base station may configure one or more resources for the UE to be used to perform CBD operation. In some embodiments, the one or more resources include SSB and CSI-RS.

[0103] In some embodiments, configuring one or more resources for the UE may include configuring a first set of resources for a NES mode of the base station and a second set of resources for a non-NES mode of the base station for the UE.

[0104] In an implementation where it is determined that one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state, the base station may configure one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on determining that one or more resources will be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

[0105] In an embodiment where the base station determines that the CDRX cycle is less than a first threshold, the DTX cycle is less than a second threshold, the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CDRX cycle is less than a third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold, the base station may configure one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on determining that one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state.

[0106] The procedure 800 may include determining that the base station is to operate in NES mode at 804. For example, the UE may determine that the base station is to operate in NES mode. The base station may implement DTX operation during NES mode.

[0107] In some embodiments, the procedure 800 may include transmitting an indication that the base station will operate in NES mode. For example, the base station may transmit an indication to the UE that the base station will operate in NES mode. In some embodiments, the transmission of the indication that the base station will operate in NES mode may be omitted.

[0108] The procedure 800 may include determining a configuration for one or more resources in the NES mode at 806. For example, the base station may determine a configuration for one or more resources in the NES mode.

[0109] In some embodiments, determining the configuration of the one or more resources may include determining that the one or more resources are to be muted during an inactive DTX state of DTX operation.

[0110] In an embodiment where one or more resources are determined to be muted during an inactive DTX state, procedure 800 may include determining a DTX cycle for DTX operation. For example, a base station may determine a DTX cycle (such as DTX cycle 402 ( Figure 4 )). Procedure 800 may also include transmitting an indication of a DTX cycle to the UE. The UE may use the indication of the DTX cycle to determine when to perform CBD operations using one or more resources. In some embodiments, determining the DTX cycle and transmitting the indication of the DTX cycle may be omitted.

[0111] In an embodiment where the UE is configured with a first resource set for NES mode and a second resource set for non-NES mode, the procedure 800 may include transmitting an indication to utilize the first resource set for CBD operation. For example, the base station may transmit an indication to the UE to utilize the first resource set for CBD operation based at least in part on determining that the base station will operate in NES mode. In some embodiments, transmitting the indication to utilize the first resource set may be omitted.

[0112] In embodiments where one or more resources include SSBs and CSI-RS, procedure 800 may include muting the CSI-RS during an inactive state of DTX operation. For example, the base station may mute the CSI-RS during an inactive state of DTX operation. In some embodiments, muting the CSI-RS may be omitted.

[0113] The procedure 800 may include operating one or more resources according to the determined configuration at 808. For example, when the base station is in the NES mode, the base station may operate the one or more resources according to the determined configuration.

[0114] Although Figure 8 The order of operations of procedure 800 may be arguably implied, but it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be performed in a different order and / or one or more of these operations may be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be omitted from procedure 800 and / or one or more additional operations may be included in the procedure.

[0115] Fig. 9 An example process 900 is illustrated according to some embodiments. The procedure 900 may be performed by a UE (such as UE 304 ( Figure 3 ), UE 604( Figure 6 ) and / or UE 1100( Fig.11 Procedure 900 may include performing CBD operations based on the NES state of the network.

[0116] Procedure 900 may include receiving, at 902, a configuration of one or more resources to be used for CBD operation. For example, the UE receives, from a base station, a configuration of one or more resources to be used for CBD operation in an inactive DTX state for DTX operation of the base station. The base station may include base station 302 ( Figure 3 )、Base Station 602( Figure 6 ) and / or gNB 1200( Fig.12 )'s features.

[0117] The procedure 900 may include determining that the base station is operating in an inactive DTX state at 904. For example, the UE may determine that the base station is operating in an inactive DTX state.

[0118] In some embodiments, determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state may include receiving from the base station that the base station is in NES mode. In addition, the UE may receive from the base station an indication of a DTX cycle of the base station. The UE may determine that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on the indication that the base station is in NES mode and the indication of the DTX cycle.

[0119] In some embodiments, determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state may include determining a time period in which the one or more resources are to be received based at least in part on the periodicity of the one or more resources. In addition, the UE may determine that resources to be used for CBD operation in the active DTX state of DTX operation are not received during the time period. The UE may determine that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on determining that resources are not received during the time period.

[0120] The procedure 900 may include utilizing one or more resources to perform CBD operations.For example, the UE may utilize one or more resources to perform CBD operations based at least in part on determining that the base station is operating in an inactive DTX state.

[0121] Although Fig. 9 The order of operations of protocol 900 may be arguably implied, but it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be performed in a different order and / or one or more of these operations may be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, it should be understood that in other embodiments, one or more of these operations may be omitted from protocol 900 and / or one or more additional operations may be included in the protocol.

[0122] Fig.10 An example beamforming circuit system 1000 is shown according to some embodiments. The beamforming circuit system 1000 may include a first antenna panel (i.e., panel 1 1004) and a second antenna panel (i.e., panel 2 1008). Each antenna panel may include multiple antenna elements. Other embodiments may include other numbers of antenna panels.

[0123] The digital beam forming (BF) component 1028 may be derived from, for example, a baseband processor (such as, for example Fig.11 The baseband processor 1104A of the embodiment of the present invention receives the input baseband (BB) signal. The digital BF component 1028 can rely on complex weights to precode the BB signal and provide a beamformed BB signal to the parallel radio frequency (RF) chain 1020 / 1024.

[0124] Each RF chain 1020 / 1024 may include a digital-to-analog converter that converts the BB signal into the analog domain, a mixer that mixes the baseband signal into an RF signal, and a power amplifier that amplifies the RF signal for transmission.

[0125] The RF signal may be provided to analog BF components 1012 / 1016, which may additionally apply beamforming by providing phase shifts in the analog domain.The RF signal may then be provided to antenna panels 1004 / 1008 for transmission.

[0126] In some embodiments, beamforming may be done solely in the digital domain or solely in the analog domain, instead of the hybrid beamforming shown here.

[0127] In various embodiments, the control circuitry, which may reside in the baseband processor, may provide BF weights to the analog / digital BF components to provide transmit beams at the corresponding antenna panels. These BF weights may be determined by the control circuitry to provide directional deployment of the serving cell as described herein. In some embodiments, the BF components and antenna panels may operate together to provide a dynamic phased array capable of directing a beam in a desired direction.

[0128] Fig.11 An example UE 1100 according to some embodiments is shown. UE 1100 can be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, a mobile phone, a computer, a tablet, an industrial wireless sensor (e.g., microphone, carbon dioxide sensor, pressure sensor, humidity sensor, thermometer, motion sensor, accelerometer, laser scanner, fluid level sensor, inventory sensor, voltage / current meter, actuator, etc.), video monitoring / surveillance equipment (e.g., camera, camcorder, etc.), a wearable device (e.g., smart watch), a loose IoT device. In some embodiments, UE 1100 can be a RedCap UE or an NR-Light UE.

[0129] UE 1100 may include a processor 1104, RF interface circuitry 1108, memory / storage 1112, a user interface 1116, a sensor 1120, a drive circuitry 1122, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 1124, antenna structures 1126, and a battery 1128. The components of UE 1100 may be implemented as an integrated circuit (IC), a portion of an integrated circuit, a discrete electronic device or other module, logical component, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. Fig.11 The block diagram of UE 1100 is intended to show a high-level view of certain of the components of UE 1100. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangements of the components shown may occur in other implementations.

[0130] Components of UE 1100 may be coupled to various other components via one or more interconnects 1132, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or extension), transmission line, trace, optical connection, etc., which allows various circuit components (on a common or different chip or chipset) to interact with each other.

[0131] The processor 1104 may include processor circuitry, such as, for example, a baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1104A, a central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1104B, and a graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1104C. The processor 1104 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions (such as program codes, software modules, or functional processes from the memory / storage device 1112) to cause the UE 1100 to perform operations as described herein.

[0132] In some embodiments, the baseband processor circuit system 1104A can access the communication protocol stack 1136 in the memory / storage device 1112 to communicate through a 3GPP compatible network. Generally speaking, the baseband processor circuit system 1104A can access the communication protocol stack to: perform user plane functions at the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and non-access layer. In some embodiments, the PHY layer operations can be additionally / alternatively performed by components of the RF interface circuit system 1108.

[0133] The baseband processor circuitry 1104A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in a 3GPP-compatible network. In some embodiments, the waveforms used for NR may be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) in the uplink.

[0134] The memory / storage 1112 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media including instructions (e.g., the communication protocol stack 1136) that may be executed by one or more processors in the processor 1104 to cause the UE 1100 to perform various operations described herein. The memory / storage 1112 includes any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 1100. In some embodiments, some of the memory / storage 1112 may be located on the processor 1104 itself (e.g., L1 cache and L2 cache), while other memory / storage 1112 is located outside the processor 1104 but is accessible via a memory interface. The memory / storage 1112 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory, such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.

[0135] RF interface circuit system 1108 may include transceiver circuit system and radio frequency front end module (RFEM), which allows UE 1100 to communicate with other devices through radio access network. RF interface circuit system 1108 may include various elements arranged in the transmission path or reception path. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuit systems, control circuit systems, etc.

[0136] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive the radiated signal from the air interface via the antenna structure 1126 and continue to filter and amplify the signal (using a low noise amplifier). The signal may be provided to the transceiver's receiver, which down-converts the RF signal to a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processor 1104.

[0137] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier before the signal is radiated across the air interface via the antenna 1126.

[0138] In various embodiments, the RF interface circuitry 1108 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technology.

[0139] Antenna 1126 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and convert received radio waves into electrical signals. These antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. Antenna 1126 may have an antenna panel that is omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to achieve beamforming and multi-input, multi-output communications. Antenna 1126 may include a microstrip antenna, a printed antenna manufactured on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, a patch antenna, a phased array antenna, etc. Antenna 1126 may have one or more panels that are designed for a specific frequency band including a band in FR1 or FR2.

[0140] In some embodiments, UE 1100 may include beamforming circuitry 1000 ( Fig.10 ), where the beamforming circuitry 1000 may be used to communicate with the UE 1100. In some embodiments, components of the UE 1100 and the beamforming circuitry may be shared. For example, the antenna 1126 of the UE may include the panel 1 1004 and the panel 2 1008 of the beamforming circuitry 1000.

[0141] The user interface circuit system 1116 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable the user to interact with the UE 1100. The user interface circuit system 1116 includes input device circuits and output device circuit systems. The input device circuit system includes any physical or virtual components for accepting input, especially including one or more physical or virtual buttons (e.g., reset button), physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touch pad, touch screen, microphone, scanner, headset, etc. The output device circuit system includes any physical or virtual components for displaying information or otherwise conveying information (such as sensor readings, actuator positions or other similar information). The output device circuit system may include any number or combination of audio or visual displays, especially including one or more simple visual output / indicators (e.g., binary state indicators, such as light emitting diodes "LEDs") and multi-character visual outputs, or more complex outputs, such as display devices or touch screens (e.g., liquid crystal displays (LCDs), LED displays, quantum dot displays, projectors, etc.), where the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, etc. is generated or produced by the operation of the UE 1100.

[0142] Sensors 1120 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in their environment and to send information about the detected events (sensor data) to some other device, module, subsystem, etc. Examples of such sensors include, among others: an inertial measurement unit including an accelerometer, gyroscope, or magnetometer; a microelectromechanical system or nanoelectromechanical system including a three-axis accelerometer, three-axis gyroscope, or magnetometer; a level sensor; a flow sensor; a temperature sensor (e.g., a thermistor); a pressure sensor; a barometric pressure sensor; a gravity meter; an altimeter; an image capture device (e.g., a camera or lensless aperture); a light detection and ranging sensor; a proximity sensor (e.g., an infrared radiation detector, etc.); a depth sensor; an ambient light sensor; an ultrasonic transceiver; a microphone or other similar audio capture device; and the like.

[0143] The driver circuit system 1122 may include software elements and hardware elements for controlling specific devices embedded in, attached to, or otherwise communicatively coupled to the UE 1100. The driver circuit system 1122 may include various drivers to allow other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present in or connected to the UE 1100. For example, the driver circuit system 1122 may include: a display driver for controlling and allowing access to a display device, a touch screen driver for controlling and allowing access to a touch screen interface, a sensor driver for obtaining sensor readings of the sensor circuit system 1120 and controlling and allowing access to the sensor circuit system 1120, a driver for obtaining an actuator position of an electromechanical component or controlling and allowing access to an electromechanical component, a camera driver for controlling and allowing access to an embedded image capture device, and an audio driver for controlling and allowing access to one or more audio devices.

[0144] The PMIC 1124 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 1100. Specifically, with respect to the processor 1104, the PMIC 1124 may control power source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-DC conversion.

[0145] In some embodiments, the PMIC 1124 may control or otherwise be part of various power saving mechanisms for the UE 1100. For example, if the platform UE is in the RRC_Connected state, in which the platform UE is still connected to the RAN node because it expects to receive traffic soon, then after a period of inactivity, the platform UE may enter a state known as discontinuous reception mode (DRX). During this state, the UE 1100 may be powered off for short time intervals, thereby saving power. If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, the UE 1100 may transition to the RRC_Idle state, in which the device is disconnected from the network and no operations such as channel quality feedback, handovers, etc. are performed. The UE 1100 enters a very low power state and performs paging, in which the device wakes up periodically again to listen to the network and then powers off again. The UE 1100 may not receive data in this state; in order to receive data, the UE must transition back to the RRC_Connected state. Additional power saving modes may prevent the device from using the network for longer than the paging interval (ranging from a few seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is completely unable to connect to the network and can be completely powered off. Any data sent during this time will be significantly delayed, and it is assumed that the delay is acceptable.

[0146] The battery 1128 can power the UE 1100, but in some examples, the UE 1100 can be installed in a fixed location and can have a power source coupled to the power grid. The battery 1128 can be a lithium-ion battery, a metal-air battery such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, etc. In some specific implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 1128 can be a typical lead-acid car battery.

[0147] Fig.12 An example gNB 1200 is shown in accordance with some embodiments. The gNB 1200 may include a processor 1204, RF interface circuitry 1208, core network (CN) interface circuitry 1212, memory / storage circuitry 1216, and antenna structures 1226.

[0148] Components of gNB 1200 may be coupled to various other components via one or more interconnects 1228.

[0149] The processor 1204, RF interface circuitry 1208, memory / storage circuitry 1216 (including communication protocol stack 1210), antenna structures 1226, and interconnects 1228 may be similar to those of reference 1204. Fig.11 Like named elements are shown and described.

[0150] The CN interface circuitry 1212 may provide connectivity for a core network, e.g., a 5th Generation Core Network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol, such as a Carrier Ethernet protocol, or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the gNB 1200 via optical fiber or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 1212 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs for communicating using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 1212 may include multiple controllers for providing connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.

[0151] It is understood that the use of personally identifiable information should be subject to privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized to meet or exceed industry or government requirements for maintaining user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of the authorized use should be clearly stated to users.

[0152] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components shown in one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods described in the following example section. For example, the baseband circuit system described above in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the following examples. For another example, the circuit system associated with the UE, base station, network element, etc. described above in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples shown in the example section below.

[0153] Example

[0154] In the following sections, additional exemplary embodiments are provided.

[0155] Embodiment 1 may include a method for operating a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: determining a network energy saving (NES) state of a base station to which the UE is connected, the base station implementing a discontinuous transmission (DTX) operation for an NES mode of the base station; determining a configuration for performing a candidate beam detection (CBD) operation based at least in part on the NES state of the base station; and performing the CBD operation according to the determined configuration.

[0156] Embodiment 2 may include a method according to embodiment 1 or some other embodiment herein, wherein determining the NES state includes determining that the base station is in the NES mode, wherein determining the configuration includes determining the DTX cycle timing of the base station, and wherein the method includes determining a time period in which resources for the CBD operation will be transmitted based at least in part on the DTX cycle timing, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that the CBD operation will be performed during the time period, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation during the time period.

[0157] Embodiment 3 may include a method according to embodiment 1 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising receiving a configuration of a first resource set for the NES mode from the base station, and receiving a configuration of a second resource set for the non-NES mode of the base station from the base station, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation comprises determining whether to perform the CBD operation using the first resource set or the second resource set based at least in part on the NES state, and wherein performing the CBD operation comprises performing the CBD operation using the determined first resource set or the second resource set.

[0158] Embodiment 4 may include a method according to embodiment 3 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the first resource set includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the second resource set includes a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and the SSB or the CSI-RS.

[0159] Embodiment 5 may include a method according to embodiment 1 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising receiving a CBD configuration from the base station indicating resources available during and outside of the DTX activity duration of the DTX operation, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation comprises determining that the resources are to be used for the CBD operation, and wherein performing the CBD operation comprises utilizing the resources to perform the CBD operation.

[0160] Embodiment 6 may include a method according to embodiment 1 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising receiving an indication of the NES state of the base station from the base station, wherein determining the NES state comprises determining the NES state based at least in part on the indication of the NES state.

[0161] Embodiment 7 may include a method according to embodiment 1 or some other embodiment herein, wherein determining the NES state includes determining whether resources configured for the CBD operation have been received during the CBD operation.

[0162] Embodiment 8 may include a method according to embodiment 7 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the resource is a first resource, wherein determining the NES state includes determining that the base station is in NES mode, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that a second resource will be used for the CBD operation based at least in part on the NES state, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation using the second resource.

[0163] Embodiment 9 may include a method according to embodiment 7 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the resource is a first resource, wherein determining the NES state includes determining that the base station is in NES mode, wherein the method includes determining that a DTX cycle is greater than a first threshold, a connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) cycle is greater than a second threshold, a minimum value of the DTX cycle or a discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle is greater than a third threshold, or a maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that a second resource will be used for the CBD operation based at least in part on the determination that the DTX cycle is greater than the first threshold, the CDRX cycle is greater than the second threshold, the minimum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than the third threshold, or the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation using the second resource.

[0164] Embodiment 10 may include a method for operating a base station, the method comprising: configuring one or more resources for a user equipment (UE) to be used to perform a candidate beam detection (CBD) operation; determining that the base station will operate in a network energy saving (NES) mode, the base station implementing a discontinuous transmission (DTX) operation during the NES mode; determining a configuration for the one or more resources in the NES mode; and when the base station is in the NES mode, operating the one or more resources according to the determined configuration.

[0165] Embodiment 11 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, wherein determining the configuration for the one or more resources includes determining that the one or more resources will be muted during an inactive DTX state of the DTX operation, and wherein the method includes: determining a DTX cycle for the DTX operation; and transmitting an indication of the DTX cycle to the UE, the UE utilizing the indication of the DTX cycle to determine when to perform the CBD operation utilizing the one or more resources.

[0166] Embodiment 12 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, wherein configuring the one or more resources for the UE includes configuring a first resource set for the NES mode and a second resource set for the non-NES mode for the UE.

[0167] Embodiment 13 may include a method according to embodiment 12 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising transmitting an indication to the UE to perform the CBD operation using the first resource set based at least in part on the determination that the base station will operate in NES mode.

[0168] Embodiment 14 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising determining that the one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state of the DTX operation, wherein the base station configures the one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on the determination that the one or more resources will be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

[0169] Embodiment 15 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, the method comprising: determining that a connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) cycle is less than a first threshold, a DTX cycle is less than a second threshold, a maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CDRX cycle is less than a third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold; and determining that the one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state of the DTX operation based at least in part on the determination that the CDRX cycle is less than the first threshold, the DTX cycle is less than the second threshold, the DTX cycle or the maximum value of the CDRX cycle is less than the third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold, wherein the base station configures the one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on the determination that the one or more resources will be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

[0170] Embodiment 16 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, wherein the one or more resources include a synchronization signal block (SSB) and a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), wherein the method includes muting the CSI-RS during a DTX inactive state of the DTX operation.

[0171] Embodiment 17 may include a method according to embodiment 10 or some other embodiment herein, further comprising transmitting to the UE an indication that the base station will operate in the NES mode.

[0172] Embodiment 18 may include a method of operating a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving from a base station a configuration of one or more resources for a candidate beam detection (CBD) operation for a discontinuous transmission (DTX) state of the base station to be used for a non-active DTX state; determining that the base station is operating in the non-active DTX state; and performing the CBD operation using the one or more resources based at least in part on the determination that the base station is operating in the non-active DTX state.

[0173] Embodiment 19 may include a method according to embodiment 18 or some other embodiment herein, wherein determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state includes: receiving an indication from the base station that the base station is in a network energy saving (NES) mode; receiving an indication of a DTX cycle of the base station from the base station; and determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on the indication that the base station is in the NES mode and the indication of the DTX cycle.

[0174] Embodiment 20 may include a method according to embodiment 18 or some other embodiment herein, wherein determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state includes: determining a time period in which the one or more resources will be received based at least in part on the periodicity of the one or more resources; determining that the resources to be used for the CBD operation in the active DTX state of the DTX operation are not received during the time period; and determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on the determination that the resources are not received during the time period.

[0175] Embodiment 21 may include an apparatus comprising means for performing one or more elements of the method described in or related to any of Embodiments 1 to 20, or any other method or process described herein.

[0176] Embodiment 22 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media, which include instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20 or any other method or process described herein.

[0177] Embodiment 23 may include an apparatus comprising logic components, modules, or circuit systems for performing one or more elements of the method described in or related to any of Embodiments 1 to 20, or any other method or process described herein.

[0178] Embodiment 24 may include methods, techniques or processes described or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, or parts or components thereof.

[0179] Embodiment 25 may include a device comprising: one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media, wherein the one or more computer-readable media include instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique, or process, or a portion thereof, described in or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20.

[0180] Embodiment 26 may include a signal as described or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, or a portion or component thereof.

[0181] Embodiment 27 may include a datagram, information element, packet, frame, segment, PDU or message, or a portion or component thereof, as described or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, or as otherwise described in the present disclosure.

[0182] Embodiment 28 may include a signal encoded with data as described or associated with any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, or a portion or component thereof, or otherwise described in this disclosure.

[0183] Embodiment 29 may include a signal encoded with a datagram, IE, packet, frame, segment, PDU or message as described or associated with any one of Embodiments 1 to 20, or a portion or component thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.

[0184] Embodiment 30 may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors will cause the one or more processors to perform a method, technique, or process, or a portion thereof, described in or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20.

[0185] Embodiment 31 may include a computer program comprising instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element causes the processing element to perform a method, technique, or process, or a portion thereof, described in or related to any one of Embodiments 1 to 20.

[0186] Embodiment 32 may include signals in a wireless network as shown and described herein.

[0187] Embodiment 33 may include a method of communicating in a wireless network as shown and described herein.

[0188] Embodiment 34 may include a system for providing wireless communications as shown and described herein.

[0189] Embodiment 35 may include an apparatus for providing wireless communications as shown and described herein.

[0190] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, any of the above examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples). The foregoing description of one or more specific implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. In view of the above teachings, modifications and variations are possible or can be obtained from the practice of various embodiments.

[0191] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to include all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. One or more computer-readable media having instructions which, when executed, cause a processor circuit system to: determining a network energy saving (NES) state of a base station, the base station implementing a discontinuous transmission (DTX) operation for a NES mode of the base station; determining a configuration for performing a candidate beam detection (CBD) operation based at least in part on the NES state of the base station; as well as The CBD operation is performed according to the determined configuration.

2. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 1 , wherein determining the NES state comprises determining that the base station is in the NES mode, wherein determining the configuration comprises determining a DTX cycle timing of the base station, and wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the processor circuitry to: A time period in which resources for the CBD operation are to be transmitted is determined based at least in part on the DTX cycle timing, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that the CBD operation is to be performed during the time period, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation during the time period.

3. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the processor circuitry to: identifying a configuration of a first resource set for the NES mode received from the base station; and Identifying a configuration of a second resource set for a non-NES mode of the base station received from the base station, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining whether to perform the CBD operation using the first resource set or the second resource set based at least in part on the NES state, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation using the determined first resource set or the second resource set.

4. One or more computer-readable media according to claim 3, wherein: The first set of resources includes a synchronization signal block (SSB); and The second resource set includes a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and the SSB or the CSI-RS.

5. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the processor circuitry to: Identifying a CBD configuration received from the base station indicating resources available during and outside of a DTX activity duration of the DTX operation, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that the resources are to be used for the CBD operation, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes utilizing the resources to perform the CBD operation.

6. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the processor circuitry to: An indication of the NES state of the base station received from the base station is identified, wherein determining the NES state comprises determining the NES state based at least in part on the indication of the NES state.

7. The one or more computer-readable media of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein determining the NES state comprises determining whether resources configured for the CBD operation have been received during the CBD operation.

8. One or more computer-readable media according to claim 7, wherein the resource is a first resource, wherein determining the NES state includes determining that the base station is in NES mode, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that a second resource is to be used for the CBD operation based at least in part on the NES state, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation using the second resource.

9. The one or more computer-readable media of claim 7, wherein the resource is a first resource, wherein determining the NES state comprises determining that the base station is in NES mode, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the processor circuitry to: Determining that a DTX cycle is greater than a first threshold, a connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) cycle is greater than a second threshold, a minimum value of the DTX cycle or the discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle is greater than a third threshold, or a maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold, wherein determining the configuration for performing the CBD operation includes determining that a second resource will be used for the CBD operation based at least in part on the determination that the DTX cycle is greater than the first threshold, the CDRX cycle is greater than the second threshold, the minimum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than the third threshold, or the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the DRX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold, and wherein performing the CBD operation includes performing the CBD operation using the second resource.

10. A method comprising: configuring a user equipment (UE) with one or more resources to be used to perform a candidate beam detection (CBD) operation; determining that a base station is to operate in a network energy saving (NES) mode, the base station implementing a discontinuous transmission (DTX) operation during the NES mode; Determining a configuration for the one or more resources in the NES mode; as well as When the base station is in the NES mode, the one or more resources are operated according to the determined configuration.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the configuration for the one or more resources comprises determining that the one or more resources are to be muted during an inactive DTX state of the DTX operation, and wherein the method further comprises: determining a DTX cycle for the DTX operation; as well as An indication of the DTX cycle is generated for transmission to the UE, and the UE utilizes the indication of the DTX cycle to determine when to perform the CBD operation using the one or more resources.

12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein configuring the one or more resources for the UE comprises configuring a first resource set for the NES mode and a second resource set for a non-NES mode for the UE.

13. The method according to claim 12, comprising: Based at least in part on the determination that the base station is to operate in the NES mode, an indication to utilize the first set of resources for the CBD operation is generated for transmission to the UE.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, further comprising: Determine that the one or more resources will be transmitted during an active DTX state and an inactive DTX state of the DTX operation, wherein the base station configures the one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on the determination that the one or more resources will be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, further comprising: determining that a connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) cycle is less than a first threshold, a DTX cycle is less than a second threshold, a maximum of a DTX cycle or a CDRX cycle is less than a third threshold, or a DTX cycle is greater than a fourth threshold; as well as The one or more resources are determined to be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state of the DTX operation based at least in part on the determination that the CDRX cycle is less than the first threshold, the DTX cycle is less than the second threshold, the maximum value of the DTX cycle or the CDRX cycle is less than the third threshold, or the DTX cycle is greater than the fourth threshold, wherein the base station configures the one or more resources for the UE based at least in part on the determination that the one or more resources will be transmitted during the active DTX state and the inactive DTX state.

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein the one or more resources include a synchronization signal block (SSB) and a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), wherein the method comprises: The CSI-RS is muted during a DTX inactive state of the DTX operation.

17. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 11, further comprising: An indication that the base station will operate in the NES mode is generated for transmission to the UE.

18. A device for: identifying a configuration of one or more resources received from a base station to be used for candidate beam detection (CBD) operation for an inactive DTX state of a discontinuous transmission (DTX) operation of the base station; determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state; as well as The CBD operation is performed utilizing the one or more resources based at least in part on the determination that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state comprises: identifying an indication received from the base station that the base station is in a network energy saving (NES) mode; identifying an indication of a DTX cycle of the base station received from the base station; as well as A determination is made that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on the indication that the base station is in NES mode and the indication of the DTX cycle.

20. The apparatus of any one of claims 18 or 19, wherein determining that the base station is operating in the inactive DTX state comprises: determining a time period in which the one or more resources are to be received based at least in part on a periodicity of the one or more resources; determining that resources to be used for the CBD operation in an active DTX state of the DTX operation are not received during the time period; as well as The base station is determined to be operating in the inactive DTX state based at least in part on the determination that the resources are not received during the time period.

Images