Luminous glazing for vehicle, and vehicle comprising such luminous glazing

Abstract

The invention relates to a luminescent laminated glazing (100) for a vehicle, comprising, between two glass sheets (1, 2), an interlayer (3) forming a light guide, surrounded by layers (31, 32) of lower refractive index, and wherein at least one layer is an adhesive and is made of a cross-linked polymer.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an illuminating glazing unit for a vehicle, in particular to a road vehicle glazing unit having light emitting diodes.

[0002] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used for many years to illuminate signal devices (traffic lights, etc.), turn signals or position lights of motor vehicles. The advantages of diodes are their long service life, their luminous efficacy, their reliability, their low energy consumption and their compactness, making the devices in which they are used more durable and requiring less maintenance.

[0003] Recently, light emitting diodes have been used in motor vehicle roofs, in particular panoramic laminated roofs illuminated by light emitting diodes. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced via an edge face into the inner glazing forming a guide, from which the light is extracted by a scattering layer on the glazing unit.

[0004] Document WO2005054915 proposes, in its second embodiment, an illuminated car glazing comprising two glass sheets and a central polymer interlayer made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) between the second and third inner faces, the interlayer being between two layers having a lower refractive index than the central layer, the layers being in particular MgF 2 Or Teflon. The scattering centers for light extraction are located on the central sandwich layer.

[0005] The present invention seeks to develop an alternative illuminated vehicle glazing which is particularly robust and optically effective.

[0006] To this end, the subject of the invention is an illuminated glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach, etc.) or a rail vehicle (train, subway, tram), preferably curved, in particular a windshield, or a rear window, or even a side window, preferably a roof, including (curved) laminated glazing - transparent at least in the clear glass area - comprising:

[0007] a first sheet (curved, bent, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, optionally reinforced, optionally tinted and even overtinted, in particular grey or green, having a first main face and a second main face, said first and second main faces being bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating (in particular up to 200 nm), (in particular the first face is towards the outside of the vehicle and is even the exterior face, usually referred to as face F1, and the second face is face F2) or the first sheet is intended to be an interior sheet, said first sheet having, for example, a refractive index of at least 1.5 in the visible range (nv or even corresponding to n1)

[0008] - A second sheet (curved, bent, transparent), made of mineral or organic glass, preferably transparent or supertransparent (colorless), having a third main face (bare or even coated with a functional (transparent) coating of up to 200 nm) and a fourth main face (bare or coated with a functional (transparent) coating of up to 200 nm), the second sheet, in particular, is intended to be an interior sheet (in particular, a third face facing the interior, usually called face F3 of the vehicle, and a fourth face facing the passenger compartment, called face F4), or the second sheet is intended to be an exterior sheet, for example the second sheet has a refractive index (n'v) of at least 1.5 in the visible light range.

[0009] a (transparent) polymer laminate interlayer, in particular a bonded multilayer (e.g. 2, 3, 4, 5 layers and even films), comprising an upper part (single or multilayer, e.g. 1 or 2 or 3 bonding layers, and in particular a bonding film) and a lower part (single or multilayer, e.g. 1 or 2 or 3 bonding layers, and in particular a bonding film), in bonding contact with a third side (bare or coated),

[0010] - a first upper layer having a refractive index n1 in the visible range, preferably forming part of the (upper) lamination interlayer

[0011] - a first lower layer having a refractive index n'1 in the visible range, preferably forming part of a (lower) lamination interlayer

[0012] - between the first lower layer and the first upper layer and in contact with the first lower layer and the first upper layer, an interlayer having a refractive index n0 in the visible range, wherein n0-n1 in the visible range is at least 0.04 or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, and n0-n'1 in the visible range is at least 0.04 or at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25,

[0013] The first upper layer is located between the second surface and the interlayer

[0014] The first lower layer is located between the interlayer and the third surface

[0015] At least one of the first lower adhesive layer or the upper adhesive layer (preferably both) is made of a cross-linked polymer material forming part of the lamination interlayer

[0016] a light source (in the visible range) optically coupled to an interlayer forming a light guide (preferably a single layer and even a film light guide), in particular a transparent or even supertransparent interlayer,

[0017] - Light extraction means, guiding the light in the interlayer.

[0018] According to the invention, the interlayer has a thickness E0 of at most 2 mm (or even at most 1 mm) and at least 200 μm or even 400 μm. The interlayer is (preferably) a thermoplastic film (non-glass adhesive, such as polyester, polycarbonate) or a glass film (especially ultra-thin glass (UTG)) or a thermoplastic adhesive film, forming part (middle part) of the laminated interlayer.

[0019] The invention consists in selecting at least one first adhesive layer of a cross-linked polymer material to facilitate the guide. The guide no longer needs to be a thermoplastic interlayer sheet as in the prior art. Preferably, it is a glass film or a non-adhesive thermoplastic film, wherein n0 can be selected based on n1 and n′1, and vice versa.

[0020] The first upper layer can effectively optically isolate the interlayer from the first, particularly (over) colored sheet, and / or from optionally colored parts of the laminated interlayer, and / or from any elements (colored or absorbing, or which will be disturbed by light or interfere with light guidance).

[0021] The first lower layer may be effective to optically isolate the interlayer from the second sheet and / or from any elements that would be disrupted by the light or interfere with the lightguide.

[0022] To facilitate guidance:

[0023] - Preferably, the first upper layer (especially an adhesive, and even a cross-linked polymer) is at least 500 nm thick, better still at least 800 nm thick; advantageously, the first upper layer is even at least 1 μm thick (especially if it is a coating, especially a cross-linked polymer) or 30 μm thick (especially if it is a film, especially a cross-linked polymer), and is preferably sub-millimeter.

[0024] - and / or preferably, the first lower layer (in particular a binder, and even a cross-linked polymer) is at least 500 nm thick, better still at least 800 nm thick; advantageously, the first lower layer is even at least 1 μm thick (in particular if it is a coating, in particular a cross-linked polymer) or 30 μm thick (in particular if it is a film, in particular a cross-linked polymer), and is preferably sub-millimeter.

[0025] The thickness of the first upper layer and / or the lower layer may be adjusted (increased) to obtain a mechanical contribution.

[0026] The first upper and / or lower layer is an optical adhesive (OCA for optically clear adhesive, LOCA in case of liquid process followed by coating) with a specific index n1 or n'1. The advantages of optical glue are its high transparency, low haze and the ability to choose the lowest possible thickness and refractive index n1 or n'1.

[0027] In particular for the first upper layer, n1 is lower than the refractive index of the adjacent layer (transparent, colored or clear, colorless) in contact with it opposite to the interlayer: the adjacent layer is selected from: a cross-linked polymer (upper) adhesive layer (thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB, etc.), a thermoplastic film, or a first glass sheet, preferably mineral (usually with a refractive index of about 1.51 to 1.53) or organic (polycarbonate (PC) or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)).

[0028] Preferably, at least one of the first and second glass sheets for the exterior glazing is made of mineral glass, in particular the first sheet for the roof (in particular tinted) or the second sheet for the rear window (in particular transparent), the first sheet or the second sheet for the windshield or the side window (front window or rear window, including rear corner panels). The thickness of the layer or layers between the second face and the third face is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular the thickness of the lamination interlayer (one or more layers of bonded thermoplastic and / or cross-linked polymers) is at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, preferably the glass and / or any other layer is colorless on the light extracting observer side (in the passenger compartment or outside the vehicle).

[0029] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9 mm or 7 mm, in particular for road vehicles.

[0030] The interlayer does not significantly absorb light from the light source. Specifically, the interlayer is preferably transparent or ultra-transparent.

[0031] Preferably, the second glass sheet and / or any underlying layers between the light extraction means and the observer of the extracted light are transparent, colorless (in the passenger compartment or on the vehicle exterior), and not tinted (or even over-tinted). Any layers (monochromatic or polychromatic) that significantly absorb the extracted light are preferably avoided.

[0032] In contrast, the first sheet and / or one or more upper layers may be pigmented (in particular overpigmented).

[0033] For simplicity, the first upper layer and the lower layer are made of the same material (and even the same color) and / or have the same thickness. One and / or the other of the upper and lower layers may be aligned with or protrude from the edge of the sandwich (over the entire or partial perimeter).

[0034] In the present invention, the expression "crosslinked polymer" relates to the family of thermosetting (in other words, thermosetting) polymers in a broad sense (any type of crosslinking).

[0035] In particular for the first additional lower layer, n'1 is lower than the refractive index of the lower layer (transparent, preferably clear, colorless to (over) colored) in contact with it opposite to the interlayer, the lower layer being selected from: a cross-linked polymer (lower) adhesive layer, a thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB or EVA or thermoplastic polyurethane (called TPU), especially if the second sheet is made of organic glass such as PC or PMMA), a thermoplastic film or a mineral glass (having a refractive index of about 1.51 to 1.53) or a second sheet of organic glass (PC or PMMA).

[0036] Generally, PVB has a refractive index of 1.48, PC has a refractive index of approximately 1.56 to 1.59, or PMMA has a refractive index of approximately 1.47 to 1.49.

[0037] Light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the clear glass area) can be removed, added, sold individually or as a kit. Naturally, once their light sources are installed, the interlayers are operable light guides.

[0038] The interlayer has a thickness E0 that is sufficient to facilitate light injection and guiding, but limited to avoid excessive thickness that would complicate assembly. Self-supporting films are advantageous over liquid coatings on a support.

[0039] The interlayer is preferably a single layer, and even a film for simplicity.

[0040] If desired, the interlayer is a multilayer having one or more bonding lightguide layers with a refractive index greater than n1 and n'1. The upper lightguide layer in contact with the first upper layer has a refractive index n0a, wherein n0a-n1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range, and n0a-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range.

[0041] The lower light-guiding layer (in contact with the first lower layer) has a refractive index n0b, wherein n0b-n1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range, and n0b-n'1 is at least 0.04 in the visible range.

[0042] Preferably, the difference in refractive index between the light-guiding layers forming the multilayer interlayer is less than 0.1 and even less than 0.04. For example, the intermediate light-guiding layer between the upper light-guiding layer and the lower light-guiding layer has a refractive index n0c greater than n0a and / or n0b. For example, the interlayer is a thermoplastic film (PET, etc.) or glass (PSA, etc.), and the upper and lower light-guiding layers are coatings on said film.

[0043] The thickness E0 corresponds to the total multilayer thickness. The film can be thicker than the coating. Alternatively, there can be one adhesive film (one of the upper or lower layers) with two adhesive guiding coatings (the interlayer and the other of the upper or lower lightguide layer).

[0044] One or more alternative lightguide layers (particularly thermoplastically bonded) may be inserted into the interlayer to form a multilayer lightguide, all of which have a refractive index greater than n1 and n'1.

[0045] The thickness of the one or more replacement light-guiding layers is smaller than E0, in particular even smaller than E0 / 2.

[0046] Preferably, the difference in refractive index between the bonded lightguide layers forming the multi-layer bonded interlayer is less than 0.1 or even less than 0.04, or even zero.

[0047] Preferably, the refractive index of any layer according to the present invention is defined as a reference value in the range of 550 nm to 600 nm.

[0048] Preferably any cross-linked polymer adhesive film according to the present invention is at least 30 μm and preferably sub-millimeter.

[0049] Preferably, any thermoplastic adhesive layer according to the present invention is a film.

[0050] Preferably, any thermoplastic adhesive film according to the invention is not thicker than 1 mm and even not thicker than 0.5 mm.

[0051] Preferably, any ultra-thin glass (UTG) film according to the present invention has a thickness of at most 0.6 mm, and in particular a thickness of at least 0.1 μm.

[0052] Preferably, any non-adhesive thermoplastic film according to the invention has a thickness of at most 1 mm and even at most 0.5 mm or at most 0.3 mm.

[0053] Preferably, any film according to the invention is flexible and thus bends according to the curvature of the glazing.

[0054] Preferably, the so-called non-adhesive layer according to the invention is non-adhesive to the mineral glass and therefore does not form part of the lamination interlayer (bonding the first and second glass sheets, at least one of which is a mineral glass), has a peel strength of less than 1 N / cm and even 2 N / cm and even zero.

[0055] The upper layer (first upper layer or preferably additional upper layer) can be a PVB film (transparent, tinted) with UV and / or acoustic protection and / or even wedge-shaped (especially for windshields with head-up display function).

[0056] The lower layer (first lower layer or preferably additional lower layer) can be a PVB film (transparent) with UV and / or acoustic protection and / or even wedge-shaped (particularly for windshields with head-up display functionality).

[0057] The interlayer can be a PVB film (transparent) with UV and / or sound protection and / or even a wedge (especially for windshields with head-up display functionality).

[0058] Preferably, any PVB-based adhesive layer (interlayer, lower layer and / or upper layer, sheet, preferably additional lower layer and / or upper layer) contains 70% to 75% PVB, 20% or 25 to 30% plasticizer and less than 1% additives. There are also PVB sheets that contain almost no or no plasticizer (especially less than 10% or 5% or even 1%), such as the "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY.

[0059] In this context, “hue” refers to the colored appearance in transmission, characterized in particular by the L*a*b* chromaticity coordinates, which are calculated by considering the transmission spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm for illuminant D65 and a CIE 1964 observer (10°).

[0060] Any thermoplastic (functional) film according to the invention (interlayer, optical film: extractor, redirector, barrier film), in particular a thermoplastic polymer functional film that does not adhere to glass, is, for example: polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate PBT, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI) polyetherimide (PEI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin, in particular polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), films made of PET-PMMA (coextruded), poly(vinyl chloride) PVC, polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

[0061] For thermoplastic films made of PC or PMMA (interlayers, optical films: extractors, redirectors, barrier films), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) or EVA (for better chemical compatibility) are preferred as optional lower or upper thermoplastic adhesive layers. Thermoplastic or thermosetting EVA can be chosen.

[0062] Regarding optical properties, the intermediate bonding layer may have a transmittance of at least 85% or 90% and / or a haze of less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%.

[0063] Any cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular upper and / or lower first layer) or stack of layers between the second side and the third side may have a light transmittance of at least 85% or 90% (or lower if colored) and / or a haze of less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%.

[0064] The glazing may have a transparency suitable for its purpose and / or a haze of less than 6%, less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3%, less than 2%, less than 1%, less than 0.5%.

[0065] Films are self-supporting layers, whereas coatings are obtained by deposition (liquid deposition, especially for polymer layers, and / or physical or chemical vapor deposition).

[0066] According to the invention, the upper layer is the layer between the second side (bare or with functional coating) and the interlayer. This can be the first upper layer or one or more covering layers referred to as additional upper layers.

[0067] According to the invention, the lower layer is the layer between the interlayer and the third side (bare or with functional coating). This can be the first lower layer or one or more underlying layers, referred to as additional lower layers.

[0068] The thickness (in micrometers) of the laminate interlayer may be at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and up to 1100.

[0069] For example, the refractive index n0 is greater than or equal to 1.41, 1.42, 1.43, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46, 1.47, 1.48, 1.49, 1.5, 1.51, 1.52, 1.53, 1.54, 1.55, 1.56, 1.57, 1.59, 1.6, 1.61, 1.62, 1.63, 1.64, 1.65.

[0070] In particular, the refractive index n1 (and / or n'1) in the visible light range, in particular at 550 nm and preferably 500 nm to 750 nm and even 380 nm to 750 nm, can also be less than or equal to 1.51, 1.50, 1.49, 1.48, 1.47, 1.46, 1.45, 1.44, 1.43, 1.42, 1.41, 1.40, 1.39, 1.38, 1.37, 1.36, 1.35, 1.34, 1.33, 1.32, 1.31, 1.30, 1.29, 1.28, 1.27, 1.26, 1.25, in particular at n0 of at least 1.55 in the visible light range.

[0071] The first glass sheet (preferably mineral) may have a refractive index nv of at most 1.55 and even 1.53, in particular 1.51 to 1.53. In this case, preference is given to having a first upper layer (in particular an adhesive layer) with a refractive index n1 lower than nv.

[0072] The second glass sheet, in particular mineral glass, can have a refractive index n′1 of less than 1.55 and even at most 1.53 (in particular 1.51 to 1.53 for mineral glass), and it therefore preferably has a first underlying layer, in particular adhesive, having a refractive index n1 less than n′1.

[0073] It is preferred and even often necessary that the glazing comprises at least one transparent area, called "transparent glass area" or transparent field of view, which is not covered by the peripheral (inner) opaque masking layer. The transparent glass area is thus the central area.

[0074] The transparent glass area may account for at least 20%, preferably at least 50%, and in particular at least 70% or 80% or 90% or 95% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing as a whole, including the area covered by the encapsulation or seal. In other words, the opaque layer covers an area that typically accounts for at most 80%, preferably at most 50%, and in particular at most 30% or 20% or 10% or 5% of the total surface area of ​​the glazing.

[0075] The optical density of the (inner) opaque layer is preferably at least 2 and even at most 5.

[0076] The interlayer may occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the surface area of ​​the glazing.

[0077] The first upper layer (preferably an adhesive, and even a cross-linked polymer) and / or the lower first layer (preferably an adhesive, and even a cross-linked polymer) may occupy at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% of the glazing surface.

[0078] The first upper adhesive layer (preferably an adhesive, and even a cross-linked polymer) and the first lower adhesive layer (preferably an adhesive, and even a cross-linked polymer) may occupy at least 90% or 95%, and even 100% of the interlayer surface.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, n1 is at most 1.48 (n1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB), and even at most 1.45 or 1.4. The first (preferably adhesive) upper layer (especially the cross-linked polymer material) is a film or a coating. And n'1 is at most 1.48 (n'1 is at most or less than the refractive index of PVB), and even at most 1.45 or 1.4. The first (preferably adhesive) lower layer (especially the cross-linked polymer material) is a film or a coating.

[0080] Preferably, the absolute difference between n′1 and n1 is at most 0.04, and even at most 0.02, and n′1 may even be equal to n1.

[0081] When the interlayer is an adhesive thermoplastic film (PVB, TPU, EVA, etc.), the other of the first lower layer or the upper layer can be non-adhesive, such as a silica layer, especially porous, or MgF2.

[0082] Advantageously, the other of the first lower layer or the upper layer is adhesive, preferably made of a cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU, etc.), forming part of a lamination interlayer.

[0083] Again, if two bonded OCA upper and lower layers are chosen, the range of choices for refractive index n1 or n'1 is greater and the addition of an interlayer is not a requirement for laminated glass panels. The choice of interlayers can be expanded.

[0084] A three-film solution is preferred: OCA film / guide film / OCA film. For simplicity, the upper layer and the lower layer can be made of the same material and have the same thickness. The upper layer film can be colored with a colorant.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first upper layer and the lower layer are cross-linked polymer adhesive layers, wherein n1 and / or n'1 is at most 1.46 or 1.4 or 1.35 or 1.3, wherein the absolute difference between n'1 and n1 is at most 0.04, and even at most 0.02 or zero. The interlayer (preferably a single layer) is preferably a thermoplastic film (polyester, especially PET or polycarbonate) or glass, with n0 of at least 1.5, and even at least 1.52 or 1.54.

[0086] The cross-linked polymer material of the first lower layer and / or upper layer (or even any other additional lower layer and / or upper layer adhesive layer) may preferably be selected from polymers based on (or consisting essentially of) polyacrylates (e.g. with a refractive index n1 or n′1 of at most 1.46 or 1.4), in particular fluorourethane acrylates (with a refractive index n1 or n′1 as low as possible) or polyurethane acrylates or fluorosilicone acrylates, polysiloxanes or silicones (e.g. with a refractive index n1 or n′1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3), in particular polydimethylsiloxanes, polyurethanes, polyvinyl acetates, polyesters or even epoxy polymers, polyepoxides.

[0087] In particular, the cross-linked polymer material of the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer is selected from acrylate-based polymers, in particular polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates or silicone-based, and the polymer also has a fluorinated function

[0088] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer) according to the present invention may contain at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95% by weight of one or more polymers and even up to 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1% of additives.

[0089] The cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (any lower and / or upper adhesive layer) according to the present invention may contain at least 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt%, 95 wt% of the main polymer (or base polymer) of one or more polymers.

[0090] The cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (any lower adhesive layer and / or upper adhesive layer) may contain other additives (preferably less than 10 wt. % or 5 wt. % or 1 wt. % of the layer), such as at least one of the following:

[0091] - crosslinking agents, such as photoinitiators (residues),

[0092] -Plasticizers (for greater flexibility)

[0093] - Adhesion promoter

[0094] -Additives for durability.

[0095] The degree of polymerization or even the degree of crosslinking of the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is not necessarily 100%; therefore, the material may contain residual prepolymers, monomers, oligomers. The crosslinked layer e can be analyzed using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) to determine the degree of polymerization. It is possible to have a mixture of polymers.

[0096] Preferably, the one or more cross-linked polymer adhesive layers (films and / or coatings (any lower adhesive layer and / or upper adhesive layer)) according to the present invention may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0097] According to the invention, the total thickness of the one or more thermoplastic adhesive layers may preferably have a thickness in micrometers of at most 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350.

[0098] The interlayer is preferably in the form of a film or coating, and its thickness (in microns) may be at least 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 and at most 1100.

[0099] The upper (and / or lower) layer, in particular the adhesive and the cross-linked polymer, in the form of a coating on the first curved glass sheet (on the second curved glass sheet) may have a thickness (in micrometers) of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 μm and at most 1100 μm.

[0100] The cross-linked polymer layer (film or coating, in particular the first upper adhesive layer or the lower adhesive layer) according to the present invention can be a polyacrylate, which refers to any polymer containing repeating units derived from acrylate. Within the allowed valence range, the repeating units can be substituted or unsubstituted. The acrylate polymer can be a homopolymer and / or a copolymer. The polyacrylate can include one or more of polymethyl acrylate, polyvinyl acrylate, polypropyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, and polypropyl methacrylate.

[0101] The cross-linked polymer layer (film or coating, in particular the first upper or lower adhesive layer) according to the present invention can be an epoxy polymer, such as a polymer obtained after polymerization of a substance containing an epoxy bond. The epoxy polymer can include one or more of epoxy resins bisphenol A, bisphenol A epoxy resin, halogenated novolac epoxy resin, novolac epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, and bisphenol S epoxy resin.

[0102] Advantageously, the first upper and / or lower layer is a self-supporting crosslinked polymer film which is in adhesive contact with the third face (or with the first lower layer, especially a thermoplastic adhesive or a crosslinked polymer material) and is in particular chosen from:

[0103] a pressure-sensitive film, preferably selected from polymers (preferably with acrylates), in particular based on polyacrylates or silicone acrylates, or polyurethane acrylates, the polymers further preferably having fluorinated functions,

[0104] - or so-called post-adhesive polymer films which are partially (photo) crosslinked before assembly and preferably completely (photo) crosslinked after assembly, and preferably photo-crosslinked post-adhesive films and preferably have acrylates, in particular based on polyacrylates or silicone acrylates or polyurethane acrylates, the polymers also preferably having fluorinated functions. .

[0105] The film (PSA or post-adhesive film) can be locally textured for light extraction (extraction film).

[0106] Similarly, any cross-linked polymer adhesive layer according to the present invention may be a PSA or a post-adhesive film, preferably having secondary acrylate or polyacrylate functionality.

[0107] The adhesive contact is produced by continuous photocrosslinking.Before crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing and subsequently placed in a pressurized autoclave with a positive pressure of, for example, 2 to 4 bar and optionally at a temperature above ambient temperature.

[0108] In particular, pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) bond by contact upon application of mechanical pressure.

[0109] The first lower layer and / or upper layer may be a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating on an interlayer, in particular a thermoplastic or glass film interlayer, or a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating on a support, in particular a thermoplastic or glass (non-adhesive) film. The support preferably has a further crosslinked polymer adhesive layer on a major face opposite and / or in adhesive contact with the thermoplastic or crosslinked polymer adhesive layer of the laminated interlayer.

[0110] The support of the first upper layer is, for example, colored.

[0111] This support of the first lower layer is preferably transparent (colorless) in order to obtain more visible extracted light on the fourth face ( F1 or F4 , depending on the configuration of use).

[0112] The cross-linked polymer material of the cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first lower or upper adhesive layer, additional layer, frame layer, etc.) according to the present invention is based on a cross-linked polymer (one or more cross-linked polymers), in particular essentially consists of a cross-linked polymer. Preferred is a cross-linked polymer material that does not contain carcinogens, mutagens and reproductive toxicants (CMR).

[0113] Any lower layer or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first lower and / or upper layer, may have good adhesion to glass (mineral glass or even organic glass). For example, the interlayer or any other lower layer or upper adhesive layer reaches a peel strength of more than 2N / cm, 3N / cm, 4N / cm, 5N / cm, 6N / cm, 7N / cm, 8N / cm, 9N / cm, 10N / cm to mineral glass (or organic glass).

[0114] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (deposited by liquid route on the first and / or second sheet or on the support) can be completely or partially crosslinked before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second sheet, in particular mineral glass sheets.

[0115] The interlayer (in the film) may be fully or partially crosslinked before, during or after the lamination process between the first and second glass sheets.

[0116] Lamination in the absence of thermoplastic material is performed under pressure by at least one vacuum.

[0117] To produce the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first lower and / or upper layer; or additional layer, frame layer), crosslinkable adhesives can be used that cure when their components react (in particular heat-crosslinkable under UV light, etc.) or when the solvent evaporates. In all cases, there is a chemical reaction to produce chemical bonds for crosslinking, in which case the crosslinked polymer is defined by forming a 3D network of polymer chains bonded by chemical bonds.

[0118] Thus, the manner in which crosslinkable adhesives cure depends on their nature, with some (photo) crosslinking taking place in particular by energy supply of the ultraviolet (UVA) or visible light range (400-405 nm) type, and others crosslinking taking place at ambient temperature by chemical reaction with the addition of curing agents. Other crosslinkable adhesives crosslink by chemical reaction which is initiated and accelerated by the supply of thermal energy.

[0119] Liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive (lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower and / or upper adhesive layer; additional layer, frame layer) can be carried out by spraying, curtain coating, flow coating, roller coating, slot die, dip coating or casting, doctor blade coating, screen printing, ink jetting, drop casting or by filling a cavity.

[0120] Preferably, the crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the present invention (lower or upper adhesive layer, in particular first lower or upper layer, additional layer, frame layer, etc.) may preferably be UV photo-crosslinked, for example comprising a UV photo-crosslinked polymer matrix.

[0121] The cross-linked polymer material (of the lower and / or upper adhesive layer, in particular the first lower and / or upper layer, additional layer, etc.) according to the invention may preferably be based on (or consist essentially of) a polymer associated with one or more further functionalities, such as:

[0122] - Acrylate functionality (primary or secondary) for photocrosslinking (crosslinked polymer materials based on polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates)

[0123] - and / or predominantly fluorinated (chemical) functionality for lowering the refractive index (crosslinked polymer materials based on fluorourethane acrylates or fluorosilicone acrylates) or predominantly fluorene (chemical) functionality for increasing the refractive index.

[0124] Depending on the desired properties, the acrylate functionality can be used for photocrosslinking (for polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates). The acrylate functionality allows photocrosslinking of polymers, the backbone of which may consist of other functionalities such as urethane or fluorine. In particular, any crosslinked polymer adhesive layer according to the invention is acrylate functional, or is a polyacrylate.

[0125] In a first example of a lower or upper adhesive layer (first lower layer or additional adhesive layer) in the form of a coating, a crosslinkable UV resin is applied to the second or first sheet (mineral or organic glass), respectively. One or more layers can be deposited on a polymer or ultra-thin glass support.

[0126] The UV curable resin may include acrylate-based, urethane acrylate-based, silicone-based, and fluorinated urethane acrylate-based resins.

[0127] Low refractive index cross-linkable liquid adhesives (preferably used for the first lower and / or upper layers) include the following resins:

[0128] - based on polyurethane acrylates, for example from Norland, in particular the product known as LOCANorland NOA 1315 (refractive index 1.315), which is an aliphatic polyurethane acrylate,

[0129] - based on fluorinated polyurethane acrylates, for example from Shin-A, in particular the products known as SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389),

[0130] Based on acrylates, such as, in particular, the product known as UZ181A from AKChemTeck (refractive index 1.47) or the product known as UVEKOL S15 from Allnex (refractive index 1.44).

[0131] Mention may be made of LOCAs based on fluorinated polyurethane acrylates, for example from Shin-A, in particular the products known as LOCA Shin-A 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389).

[0132] Pressure sensitive adhesive, abbreviated as PSA and commonly known as self-adhesive, is an adhesive that forms a mechanical bond when pressure is applied to it so that the adhesive becomes integral to the surface to be bonded. No solvent or water or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0133] As its name suggests, it is "pressure sensitive" and the degree of bond between a given surface and the self-adhesive adhesive is affected by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bond formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral or organic glass sheet).

[0134] PSAs are generally designed to form a bond and maintain that bond at ambient temperature.

[0135] PSAs can be made from rubber, polyurethane, acrylate polymers, and polysiloxanes.

[0136] PSAs are generally based on elastomers coupled with a suitable additional adhesive or "tackifying" agent, such as an ester resin.

[0137] The elastomer may preferably be based on:

[0138] - Acrylates, which may be sufficiently tacky that no additional tackifiers are required.

[0139] - Silicones, which require special tackifiers such as "MQ" type silicate resins, composed of monofunctional ("M") trimethylsilane that has been reacted with tetrafunctional ("Q") silicon tetrachloride, - Silicone-based PSAs such as glues and resins of polydimethylsiloxane dispersed in xylene or in a mixture of xylene and toluene

[0140] or optionally:

[0141] - block copolymers based on styrene, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP) or styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers,

[0142] - vinyl ether,

[0143] -Nitrile.

[0144] PSA adhesives are sold in rolls of double-sided tape with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0145] As silicone-based PSA (for the first lower or upper layer) there may be mentioned Dow Adhesives such as 2013 adhesive, 7657 adhesive, Q2-7735 adhesive, Q2-7406 adhesive, Q2-7566 adhesive, 7355 adhesive, 7358 adhesive, 280A adhesive, 282 adhesive, 7651 adhesive, 7652 adhesive, 7356 adhesive, or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha Such as K120E, K90E, or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0146] As acrylate-based PSA, there may be mentioned Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK, or Adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0147] As PSA film based on acrylate, mention may be made of the product CS986 from Nitto (refractive index 1.47).

[0148] As silicone-based PSA film (preferably for the first lower and / or upper layer), mention may be made of the product known as Opt Alpha Gel from Taica (refractive index 1.41).

[0149] As silicone, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polydimethylsiloxane, which is an organometallic polymer of the siloxane family, is preferred.

[0150] In one example of a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, (first lower or upper layer, any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, frame layer, etc.), there may be mentioned a product called CS986 from Nitto having a refractive index of 1.49.

[0151] In one example of a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer in coating form (first lower or upper layer or any other additional upper or lower adhesive layer, frame layer, etc.), a mercapto-based UV crosslinkable resin ester with a refractive index equal to 1.524 called NOA 65 from Norland is deposited.

[0152] In one example of a high refractive index cross-linked polymer adhesive layer in the form of a coating (first lower or upper, etc., other additional upper or lower adhesive layers, frame layer, etc.), a one-component UV cross-linkable resin ester based on polyfluorene with acrylate functionality, a product called ShinA SBPF-022 with a refractive index equal to 1.60, is deposited.

[0153] Between the second surface and the first upper layer (preferably an adhesive, a cross-linked polymer or a thermoplastic adhesive film), the glazing according to the invention may comprise an additional upper layer, which is a thermoplastic adhesive film, in particular tinted and in contact with the second surface, which is bare or coated with a functional coating, which is preferably electrically conductive, in particular heated or athermal.

[0154] And / or between the third surface and the first lower layer (preferably an adhesive, a cross-linked polymer or a thermoplastic adhesive film), the assembled glass according to the present invention comprises an additional lower layer, which is a thermoplastic adhesive film, in contact with the third surface, preferably bare or coated with a functional coating.

[0155] Between the second and third sides, glazing can be stacked as needed (layers in brackets are optional):

[0156] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive upper layer / interlayer, which is a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive, in particular PET or PC) or a glass film / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), in particular first and second sheets based on the same polymer and even having the same thickness

[0157] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive upper layer / interlayer, which is a thermoplastic film (non-adhesive, especially PET or PC) or glass film / first adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet)

[0158] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive upper layer / interlayer, which is a thermoplastic film, especially PET or PC or glass / first lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU), especially PVB)

[0159] - a first upper adhesive cross-linked polymer layer / interlayer which is a glass film / a first lower silica layer, in particular a porous layer / (a second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet),

[0160] - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first adhesive upper layer / interlayer, which is a thermoplastic film, in particular PET or PC or glass / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet),

[0161] - (first PVB or EVA film) / first upper layer / interlayer, which is a thermoplastic film, in particular PET or PC or glass / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU), in particular first silica upper layer, in particular porous layer / interlayer, which is a glass film / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet),

[0162] And preferably, the first upper layer and / or the lower layer is an adhesive film, in particular a PSA.

[0163] In particular, the (nano)porous silica may be a sol-gel layer and in particular have n1 and / or n′1 of at most 1.4 or 1.3 and even a thickness of at least 800 nm.

[0164] The stack of layers above the interlayer may be tinted and / or a first glass sheet (preferably mineral). In particular, the first glass sheet is the exterior glazing. The second face is then the face F2.

[0165] As mentioned above, the second side (e.g. transparent or extra-transparent glass) can be directly in contact with the stack, or can be coated with a functional coating, in particular a conductive (non-adhesive) functional coating. The third side can be directly in contact with the stack, or can be coated with a functional coating, in particular a conductive (non-adhesive) functional coating.

[0166] The order can be strict, or one or more other layers can be inserted.

[0167] In particular for the above-described stack, between the interlayer and the third face, the glazing may be free of a thermoplastic adhesive layer and / or between the second face and the interlayer, the glazing may be free of a thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0168] In one configuration, the first upper layer can be an adhesive made of a cross-linked polymer material, and the first lower (non-adhesive) layer is a sub-millimeter thick thermoplastic polymer film or coating, in particular a coating made of porous silica, the first lower layer being in contact with an interlayer of said thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB, etc.) and having an additional lower adhesive layer (cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic) on the third side

[0169] or

[0170] The first lower layer is an adhesive made of a cross-linked polymer material, and the first upper layer is a thermoplastic polymer film or coating of sub-millimeter thickness, in particular a coating made of porous silica, the first upper layer being in contact with an interlayer of said thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB, etc.) and having an additional upper adhesive layer (cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic) on the second side.

[0171] In the latter configuration, the first upper layer can be a thermoplastic (particularly non-adhesive) film, (optionally containing a fluoropolymer) at least 30 μm thick and sub-millimeter, bonded to the second side by: at least one additional upper adhesive (adhesive) layer of a cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic material (e.g. PVB) or two additional upper adhesive (adhesive) layers - a first additional (adhesive) layer of a cross-linked polymer material and a second additional (adhesive) layer of a thermoplastic polymer material (e.g. PVB) bonded to the second side.

[0172] Preferably, the thermoplastic film is selected from:

[0173] - Local scattering films, especially textured on one side of the sandwich

[0174] - Functional film: athermal or heated, including conductive coating, low-emissivity heating conductive coating on the second face side

[0175] - Fluoropolymer membranes having an n1 not exceeding 1.5 or not exceeding 1.45, 1.4 or 1.3

[0176] - Colored films (body coloring, etc.).

[0177] As low-refractive-index films, in particular low-refractive-index films having a refractive index of at most 1.45 in the visible range, (thermoplastic) fluoropolymer films may therefore be chosen.

[0178] Fluoropolymer membranes can be based on or even made from one of the following materials:

[0179] - Perfluoroalkoxy PFA, in particular with a refractive index of approximately 1.3

[0180] - Polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, in particular having a refractive index of approximately 1.4

[0181] -Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE

[0182] - Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more specifically poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene), in particular having a refractive index of about 1.4

[0183] - Ethylene perfluoropropylene copolymer FEP or (fluorinated ethylene propylene), in particular having a refractive index of about 1.3

[0184] - Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, in particular has an n2 of about 1.3, but is the most difficult to laminate - Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

[0185] Preferably its haze is at most 2%. Fluoropolymer films can be easily obtained from 30 or 50 μm. For better assembly, the fluoropolymer film may have one or both major surfaces treated by an adhesion-promoting surface treatment, preferably a corona treatment.

[0186] In one configuration, the first sheet (preferably mineral glass) is colored, and / or the first upper layer, in particular the upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, is colored, and / or the additional upper adhesive layer (preferably made of thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer) is colored. And the second glass sheet (organic or inorganic) can be transparent (colorless), and / or the first lower layer can be transparent (colorless).

[0187] Furthermore, the first sheet may be coloured and / or one or any layer above the interlayer (in particular the athermal film, the polymer support, the barrier film, the upper adhesive layer) may be coloured.

[0188] To this end, any pigmented polymer layer according to the present invention may comprise (in a polymer matrix) a colorant (organic or inorganic), in particular a molecular dye or an inorganic pigment.

[0189] The light transmission of the colored film (thermal film, polymer support, barrier film, upper adhesive layer) may be at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20%, and at least 5%.

[0190] The light transmission of the first colored upper layer, especially the adhesive and even the cross-linked polymer, can be at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20%, and at least 5%. The first sheet can then be colored or colorless, and / or any other upper adhesive layer can then be colored or colorless.

[0191] For example, for a motor vehicle roof, a colored first upper layer (particularly a first upper adhesive layer or an additional layer on the first upper adhesive layer) is selected, having a light transmittance of less than 100% to 2%, preferably 28% to 8%. For example, it is a thermoplastic film, such as colored PVB, or an adhesive layer, and even a colored cross-linked polymer.

[0192] The outer edge face or edge of the interlayer and even laminated interlayers etc. is offset from the transparent glass area, particularly the interlayer extending below the inner perimeter masking layer between the second face and the interlayer.

[0193] The glazing may incorporate one or more functional (non-adhesive) elements which do not (significantly) contribute to the "cohesion" of the glazing.

[0194] One or more functional elements may be located between the second face and the interlayer, or within the first upper layer or an additional upper layer, in particular within a thermoplastic adhesive layer or a cross-linked material.

[0195] For example, the glazing (single or multi-layer) may incorporate one or more functional elements (preferably functional films), in particular having a thickness of sub-centimeter size, and even up to 0.6 mm or 0.5 mm or 0.3 or 0.2 mm, and preferably at least 30 or 40 or 50 μm, preferably selected from at least one of the following functional films:

[0196] - functional films (transparent, flexible, colorless or colored), in particular polymer films, selected from:

[0197] a athermal film, an infrared reflecting film and / or a heating film, for example a polymer substrate with an electrically conductive (transparent) coating, in particular with a thickness of at most 0.4 mm, in particular extending locally or almost over the entire glazing, optionally different from or being the first lower adhesive layer, wherein the electrically conductive coating is on the side opposite to the interlayer,

[0198] - Electronic devices (to a greater or lesser extent) selected from at least one of the following: sensors; electrically controllable devices with variable tint and / or scattering; additional diodes (emitting towards the first or second sheet), in particular locally or extending almost over the entire glazing, in particular facing towards or away from the propagation zone, light extraction devices, between the second face and the first upper layer.

[0199] In particular, the upper adhesive layer according to the invention may comprise two adhesive thermoplastic films or sheets, for example based on PVB (or a heat-crosslinking adhesive, such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive) and larger than the functional element (in particular an electronic device or a pyrolytic film), with the functional element between the two sheets. In particular, for a functional element (polymer film, electronic device, etc.) having a thickness of at least 0.4 mm, a peripheral intermediate sheet of the same nature as the two sheets, in particular a peripheral intermediate sheet based on PVB (or a heat-crosslinking adhesive, such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive), surrounds and contacts the edge face of the functional element and between the two sheets, protruding and in contact with it. The peripheral intermediate sheet forms part of the laminated interlayer. For a functional element having a thickness less than or equal to 0.4 mm and even 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm, the thermoplastic material can fully creep.

[0200] Preferably, for any functional element according to the invention, in particular the polymer film, the thickness is preferably at least 30 or 40 μm or 50 μm, and preferably at most 500 μm or 400 μm or 300 μm, for ease of handling during assembly.

[0201] In particular, functional elements (films, in particular polymers, electronics) having a thickness of at most 0.4 mm or 0.3 mm or 0.2 mm do not require a peripheral intermediate sheet.

[0202] For athermal films, for example clear coated PET films such as XIR from Eastman, coextruded PET-PMMA films such as SRF type.

[0203] Naturally, polymer functional films can be multifunctional (support, barrier, optics, etc.).

[0204] The extraction film can have a customized range. It can be localized or cover at least 50% of the clear glass area. The extraction film can have one or more localized extraction areas (textured, etc.).

[0205] In one embodiment, at least one optical film is between: the interlayer and one of the first upper layer or the first lower layer, in particular a crosslinked polymer adhesive layer, and even in contact with the interlayer, and wherein the optical film, in particular polymeric (thermoplastic, non-adhesive), is chosen from:

[0206] - Extraction film, forming a means for extracting the guided light (in the interlayer)

[0207] - and / or a local redirecting film, in particular a prismatic film, (polymer, in particular polyester, in particular PET or PC) in particular a reflector between the interlayer and the first upper layer (in particular a cross-linked polymer adhesive), or a transparent prismatic film between the interlayer and the first lower layer (in particular a cross-linked polymer adhesive), forming a device for redirecting light from a light source on a fourth side or even a deviating side of the assembled glass into the intermediate adhesive layer.

[0208] Several discrete extraction films (distributed in and / or offset from the transparent glass area, etc.) may be used on the third face side and / or the second face side.The extraction film may be a thermoplastic or a cross-linked (thermosetting) polymer film.

[0209] Preferably, the optical film (extractor or redirector) according to the present invention is localized, in particular, increasing the contact surface of the first lower layer and the first upper layer with the interlayer, in particular increasing the adhesive contact when the first lower layer and the first upper layer are adhesives, preferably both are cross-linked polymers.

[0210] Preferably, the local redirecting optical film (prismatic film, preferably reflective film and between the first upper layer and the interlayer, or transparent prismatic film, between the first lower layer and the interlayer) is at most 10 cm or at most 5 cm or even at most 2 cm wide, and in particular has a length similar to that of the linear light source (custom made). The linear light source can be, for example, a rectangular strip with rounded corners.

[0211] The extent of the (each) (partial) extraction film may be significantly smaller than that of the interlayer. It advantageously accounts for less than 30%, preferably at most 25%, in particular 1 to 10% of the extent of the intermediate adhesive layer.

[0212] The extraction membrane may have any shape. The plurality of extraction membranes may have different shapes.

[0213] The optical film (local, extraction or redirecting) may be in adhesive contact with a first lower or upper adhesive layer (particularly a cross-linked polymer).

[0214] It is also possible to use a thermoplastic polymer for the extraction film and to heat this polymer at least locally to its softening point before contact with the interlayer in order to position it on the first lower or upper layer, the first lower additional layer being selected as a thermoplastic adhesive layer.

[0215] Another possibility consists in forming the extraction membrane by reaction injection molding (RIM) of the monomer mixture, ultimately forming a polymer thermoset in situ.

[0216] In one embodiment, the light extraction means (preferably local, in the transparent glass area or not in the transparent glass area (under an internal masking layer), depending on the requirements) comprises:

[0217] - texturing of at least one so-called texturing element selected from the interlayer, or at least one of the first upper layer and the first lower layer, which is preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a cross-linked polymer

[0218] - or an extraction membrane inserted between at least one of the first upper layer and the lower layer (which is preferably an adhesive layer), in particular the cross-linked polymer, and the interlayer

[0219] - or a scattering layer comprising a binder and scattering particles and / or voids, which is interposed between any one of the first upper layer and the lower layer and the interlayer.

[0220] - Local scattering areas of the interlayer comprise scattering particles and / or pores, in particular laser etching of the glass film.

[0221] The light extraction means (guided in the interlayer) may comprise an extraction film which is an optical film with a reflective relief.

[0222] It is possible to use films with a reflective relief, in particular plastic films with a refractive index greater than or equal to n0, which have a reflective relief (prisms) forming a light extraction, as disclosed in patent WO 2013 / 167832.

[0223] The reflective relief preferably has a low roughness so that the reflection is essentially of the mirror type.The relief and roughness of the reflective interface are chosen in such a way that the total width at mid-height of the angular distribution of the light intensity emitted by the system is preferably between 30° and 60°.

[0224] Independently of the roughness of the reflective interface, a height or depth of the relief can be defined which is equal to the distance between the highest and lowest points of the relief. The height of the reflective relief is 5 μm to 1 mm, preferably 10 μm to 500 μm, in particular 20 to 100 μm.

[0225] Such polymer films textured by embossing are commercially available and mention may be made, for example, of the films sold by 3M. Image Directing Film II.

[0226] The optical extraction film may comprise a plurality of individual prisms, each prism consisting of an inclined surface and a surface substantially perpendicular to the general plane of the second sheet.

[0227] Examples of regular reliefs that may be mentioned are reliefs of the Fresnel lens type or reliefs of the Fresnel prism type.

[0228] The relief can be obtained by having a specific refractive index n 0The embossed optical film may be formed by a layer having a refractive index at least 0.04, preferably at least 0.1, lower than the refractive index of the optical film having the embossment (e.g. n1). Thus, the upper layer or the lower layer, in particular the cross-linked polymer binder, may be used to reflect the embossment. The depressions of the embossment may be filled by the first upper or lower layer, in particular the cross-linked polymer binder.

[0229] Alternatively or in addition, the light guide extraction device may comprise a scattering layer comprising scattering elements (transparent and uniformly scattering) in a binder or matrix, in particular defining at least one first scattering zone, for example having a width of at least 0.5 mm, in particular a first solid scattering zone and / or comprising a set of discontinuous patterns.

[0230] The light guide extraction means may also be an embossed textured area of ​​the first interlayer, a glass film or a scattering coating.

[0231] In an organic or mineral binder, the scattering particles may be micron-sized, in particular at least 600 nm. The particles may be made of metal or metal oxide.

[0232] On the second face side, the extraction means may be completely opaque or transparent.On the third face side, the extraction means has a non-zero light transmission.

[0233] The light source preferably comprises a group of light-emitting diodes on a diode support, for example flexible, in particular with a printed circuit (such as a printed circuit board, PCB), in particular an elongated linear support, a straight or curved strip. Several strips can be provided, which can be connected to each other along edges etc.

[0234] The light source can be located between the second and third faces. The diode support can be completely or partially between the second and third faces, bend (flexible) to adapt to the curvature of the glazing, and even the diode support (especially if the diode has a side emission and / or a support along the second or third face) protrudes beyond the edge face of the glazing.

[0235] The diode support and the diode may be an L-shaped or U-shaped profile, which is completely or partially between the second and third faces (in a groove, in a frame layer, etc.), in particular a curved (flexible) profile to adapt to the curvature of the glazing.

[0236] The light source may comprise an extraction optical fiber coupled to a primary light source (one or more light emitting diodes, etc.).

[0237] Preferably, the diode is a component which is surface mounted on the front side of a diode carrier, which is a printed circuit board known as a PCB board (with conductive tracks).

[0238] The diode has, for example, Lambertian emission or quasi-Lambertian emission.The width (or length) of the diode (usually a square diode) having a single semiconductor chip is preferably at most 5 mm.

[0239] The width of the diode support (PCB board), preferably in the form of a strip, is preferably at most 5 cm, better still at most 2 cm and even at most 1 cm.

[0240] There can be one or more light sources (peripheral, preferably offset from the transparent glass area), several groups of diodes. One or more light sources are elongated, linear over at least 10 cm and / or more localized, in particular in one hole or several separate holes in the interlayer or in the peripheral layer (frame layer).

[0241] One or more (same or different) light sources may be used, for example electric light sources and / or consisting of light emitting devices (LEDs, etc.). The one or more light sources may be monochromatic (emitting in the blue, green, red, etc. domain) or polychromatic, or may be adapted or combined to produce, for example, white light, etc.; they may be continuous or discontinuous, etc.

[0242] The light source may extend linearly along one side (longitudinal edge) of the glazing (rectangular strip like a diode array) or be replicated along both sides (longitudinal edges) (with similar or different light, e.g. other colors, intensities, independently or simultaneously controlled).

[0243] Preferably a light source of a set of light emitting diodes (on a diode support) may be located below the second face:

[0244] - Bonding to the second side (through the upper adhesive layer or without the upper adhesive layer if the upper adhesive layer is more recessed)

[0245] - and even between the second and third faces, in particular bonded to the second or third faces and / or bonded to the intermediate layer.

[0246] The light source can be coupled to the edge face of the interlayer, and all or part of it can be outside the edge face of the glazing. The light source (diode and even the diode support) can be housed in a polymer package, as described in application WO2010049638, in particular in Figure 15 or Figure 16, and even have a recess for removing and replacing the light source.

[0247] Injecting light into the interlayer (especially a non-adhesive thermoplastic or glass film) from a light source, preferably comprising a set of light-emitting diodes or a diode support, is preferably:

[0248] 1) Through the edge surface of the interlayer (especially non-adhesive thermoplastic plastic or glass film) or the wall defining a closed hole (blind hole or through hole) in the interlayer, there is a light source in contact with or at a certain distance from the edge or wall (gap or material, especially adhesive), and the light source is preferably below the second surface and even between the second surface and the third surface.

[0249] Optionally, the light source is in a recess in the edge face of the interlayer (particularly a non-bonded thermoplastic or glass film), or is bonded to or embedded in the wall of a closed hole (or near) defining a transparent frame layer (for optical coupling via the edge face), and can optionally be bonded near the periphery of the edge face of the interlayer.

[0250] Or the injection is:

[0251] 2) through (preferably on the second main surface side or (third main surface side)) a light redirecting element, locally such as an optical redirecting film, in particular a prismatic film, which is in contact with the interlayer and between the interlayer and one of the first upper layer or lower layer, the light source is facing or deviated from the fourth main surface, in particular the light source and the light redirecting element are deviated from the transparent glass area.

[0252] The light source beam can be vertical or oblique.

[0253] In particular, the optical coupling is direct or via an optical system, in particular a light source and a light redirecting element, directed away from the transparent glass area and towards the inner masking layer.

[0254] The power supply for the light sources (diodes) can be provided by a current feed integrated in the laminated glazing (e.g. electrical wires incorporated in the laminate interlayer) or the wires can even be applied to the fourth main face of the second sheet (inner sheet, passenger compartment side) and optionally protected by a covering.

[0255] The light source can be on the fourth side, below (opposite) the inner masking layer, and coupled to the interlayer via a redirecting optical film as already disclosed.

[0256] The light source on one side of the fourth face may be associated with collimating optics.The light source with optional collimator may be attached to the fourth face by direct bonding or by being spaced apart and on a peripheral support attached to the fourth face.

[0257] The optional inner peripheral masking layer (on face F4) may contain gaps so as not to obstruct optical coupling, in particular to allow light from the light source to pass to the light redirecting element.

[0258] The redirecting film (transparent film) has, for example, a longitudinal shape along the glazing or a rounded shape at the corners, for example with the length of the transparent glass area. The redirecting film may have a thickness of at most 0.5 mm or 0.4 mm and in particular at least 0.1 mm.

[0259] The redirecting film and / or the light source are for example at most 100 mm and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm away from the clear glass area.

[0260] By means of this redirecting film between the second and third faces, light passing through the second sheet - (all or part of) the interlayer - is redirected into the interlayer by reflection or even scattering.

[0261] The redirecting optical film may be textured, or even prismatic (between faces F2 and F3). The prismatic film has a smooth (textured, non-functional) main surface and a textured functional opposite surface. The prismatic film is thus flexible and bends to adapt to the curvature of the glazing. The prismatic film may comprise a partially structured transparent plastic film forming (micro)prisms or a transparent (flat) plastic film (e.g. polyester, in particular PET or PC) with a transparent layer (e.g. an organic resin), wherein the (micro)prisms are arranged on one main surface. The (micro)prisms are oriented towards the third face or towards the second face.

[0262] The prismatic film on the second face side (between faces F2 and F3, between the interlayer and the first upper layer) can be reflective, with the (micro)prisms having a reflective layer (metal etc.) on them and the reflective (micro)prisms oriented towards the second or third face.

[0263] Preferably, the prismatic (preferably) reflective film is between the interlayer and the first upper layer, and even in contact with the interlayer (prisms facing the second face or the third face). In particular, the prismatic (preferably) reflective film is 100 to 300 μm thick, preferably at most 150 μm thick. The prismatic film on the third face side (between faces F2 and F3, between interlayer and the first upper layer) may have (micro) prisms facing the second face or towards the third face.

[0264] Preferably, the transparent prismatic film is between the interlayer and the first lower layer, and even in contact with the interlayer (prisms facing the second or third face). In particular, the prismatic transparent film is 100 to 300 μm thick, preferably at most 150 μm.

[0265] If necessary, the interlayer can be protected from moisture, dust, external environment for better durability.

[0266] In one embodiment, a so-called frame layer surrounds the periphery of the interlayer, preferably a thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, is in contact with the interlayer and optionally even with the third side (bare or coated) or with the first lower layer and / or upper layer, and / or with the second side (bare or coated) or with the first upper layer (in particular the frame layer deviating from the transparent glass area).

[0267] The perimeter (bonding) frame layer may be on the periphery of the interlayer, and even on the periphery of one or more other layers below or above the interlayer.

[0268] The frame layer may surround the periphery of the edge faces of the interlayer and even the periphery of one or more of the first lower layer and the upper layer (preferably the cross-linked polymer adhesive and even all layers between the second and third faces), preferably a thermoplastic (especially PVB) or cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0269] The frame layer preferably has a thickness at least equal to the thickness of the sandwich layer. The frame layer is for example at least 1 mm and at most 5 cm or 1 cm wide (and offset from the transparent glass area, below the inner masking layer).

[0270] The frame layer can be a thermosetting adhesive (two-component photo-crosslinked light section) to form a seal and even separate from or along the first lower or upper layer (which itself is recessed from the edge face of the sheet). The frame layer can be in adhesive contact with the second and third faces. The frame layer can be, for example, polyurethane, epoxy resin, butyl rubber (butyl) and the like.

[0271] The frame layer may be made of the same material as the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer.

[0272] The frame layer may surround the guided light propagation area and / or it is preferably outside the transparent glass area.

[0273] When the first upper and / or lower adhesive layer (film) extends beyond the edge of the sandwich, a frame layer can be used to compensate for the thickness of the sandwich. It can bridge the gap between the protruding upper and / or lower first adhesive layers.

[0274] The first upper and / or lower (particularly thermoplastic and even PVB) adhesive layer may protrude from the interlayer without any discernible interface with the particularly thermoplastic and even PVB frame layer even around the periphery of the interlayer.

[0275] The cross-linked polymer material of the additional cross-linked polymer adhesive layer (below or above the first upper or lower layer) or the frame layer may (essentially) include polymers selected from polyacrylate-based polymers (especially polyurethane acrylate-based polymers) or epoxy polymers (resins, etc.) or polymers of polyepoxides, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyvinyl acetate.

[0276] With regard to the extent of the elements, several configurations are possible, in particular the edge faces of the interlayer, the lower and / or upper first (adhesive) layer or even the frame adhesive layer are not necessarily aligned with the edge faces of the first and / or second sheet. The edge faces of the layers between the second and third faces do not have to be aligned with each other.

[0277] The interlayer may be recessed from the edge face of the first sheet. The width of the recess may depend on the light injection

[0278] - For example, the recess is at least 10 mm, so as to place the light source (diode) below the second face, away from or in contact with the edge face of the interlayer, (edge ​​face with notch, etc.) and even between the second face and the third face

[0279] - A recess of no more than 10 mm or even no more than 2 mm, in particular if the light source is in a closed hole in the interlayer.

[0280] The first upper and / or lower adhesive layer (preferably both are cross-linked polymer adhesives) may be recessed up to 10 mm or even up to 2 mm from the edge face of the first sheet. The edge face of the first upper and / or lower layer (preferably both are cross-linked polymer adhesives) may be aligned with the edge of the face of the interlayer, or protrude beyond the interlayer.

[0281] In one embodiment, the glazing comprises an inner peripheral opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face and even covers the periphery of the interlayer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a transparent glass area. And in particular when the second sheet is an interior glazing, it optionally comprises a peripheral opaque interior masking layer on the fourth main face, in particular in line with or narrower than the width of the interior masking layer.

[0282] The glazing can therefore comprise an inner opaque peripheral masking layer, in particular an enamel (black etc.), on the second face, between the second face (in particular F2) and the third face (in particular F3). This can be an opaque coating, for example an opaque PVB-based coating, on a thermoplastic adhesive layer (in particular an additional upper adhesive layer), in particular PVB, and a colorant on one main face of the PVB layer (in particular the additional upper adhesive layer) facing the second or third face.

[0283] The inner masking layer may be 2 mm or 3 mm (less than 5 mm) from the edge face of the glazing, or may even rise to the edge face. The masking layer may be a strip constituting the frame of the glazing (windscreen, roof, etc.), in particular black. The opacification is performed over the entire periphery to hide body elements or seals, or to protect adhesives for mounting on the vehicle. The inner masking layer defines the transparent glass area. It may be advantageous that the outer edges of the interlayer (and even the first lower layer or upper layer, or additional or even frame layers) are masked by the inner masking layer, and not in the transparent glass area.

[0284] The width of the inner masking layer along the sides of the motor vehicle roof is usually less than the width at the front or even at the rear.

[0285] In the case where the first pane is an exterior glazing, a further masking layer, referred to as the interior masking layer, may be on the face F4 on the passenger compartment side, in particular facing the interior masking layer (and may even be of the same nature, for example an enamel, in particular a black enamel, on the second pane made of mineral glass). It may be adjacent to an optional transparent functional coating, in particular athermal, at least in the transparent glass region.

[0286] Especially for car roofs (first sheet is exterior glazing):

[0287] The width of the inner (and even internal) masking layer along the longitudinal edges may be at most 30 cm, in particular 10 to 20 cm.

[0288] The width of the inner (and even internal) masking layer along the rear edge may be at most 30 cm, in particular at least 1 or 5 cm, and the width along the front lateral edge may be at most 60 cm, in particular at least 1 or 5 cm.

[0289] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably greater than the width of the internal masking layer.

[0290] The inner and / or internal masking layer may be an organic or mineral binder (sintered glass frit) with an organic or inorganic colorant (in particular a molecular dye or an inorganic pigment).

[0291] The inner and / or internal opaque masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (planarized, with solid edges or gradient edges (pattern set)).

[0292] The thickness of one or more layers between the second and third surfaces is preferably at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular the thickness of the laminated interlayer (of one or more thermoplastic and / or cross-linked polymer adhesive layers) is at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, at least in the light-guiding area.

[0293] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9 mm or 7 mm, in particular for road vehicles.

[0294] The first sheet is preferably made of mineral glass, which may be tempered, in particular if it is the outer sheet, and the second sheet is made of organic glass. In particular for road glazing, the first (outer) sheet is preferably at most 2.5 mm thick, even at most 2.2 mm thick - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - and even at least 0.7 mm thick.

[0295] In particular, the first pane is an outer pane and is even supported by mineral glass, and the glazing is selected from the group consisting of a roof, a windshield and side windows.

[0296] Alternatively, the first pane may be an inner pane, and in particular the glazing is selected from windscreens, side windows, rear windows, rear door glazings, and in particular the outer pane is made of mineral glass, in particular tempered glass.

[0297] In particular, the second sheet may be a second sheet intended to be an inner sheet, in particular having a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, possibly less than the thickness of the first outer glass sheet, even as little as 2.2 mm - in particular 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even as little as 1.3 mm or as little as 1 mm.

[0298] The total thickness of the first and second glass sheets is preferably strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, or even 3.7 mm.

[0299] The first and second glass sheets may be substantially of the same size, for example, generally rectangular. The first sheet (if the outer sheet) may be larger than the second sheet (if the inner sheet), and thus protrude beyond the second sheet over at least a portion of its periphery, so that optionally the second sheet (on the passenger compartment side) has an edge face, in particular on one or more (longitudinal and / or transverse) edges or over the entire periphery, which edge face is recessed from the edge face of the first glass sheet, in particular by at most 10 or 5 cm.

[0300] The first sheet can be clear glass with a non-thermally functional coating on the second side, and the first upper layer (bonded, thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer) is tinted or transparent.

[0301] The first mineral glass sheet may be based on silicon dioxide, soda-lime, preferably soda-lime-silicon, or even an aluminosilicate or borosilicate. It may have a total iron oxide weight content (as Fe 2 O 3 .

[0302] The second mineral glass sheet may be based on silicon dioxide, soda-lime, soda-lime-silicon, aluminosilicate or borosilicate. In order to limit absorption, it has a total iron oxide weight content (as Fe) of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005%. 2 O 3 The redox of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0303] Herein, the transmittance is calculated considering the transmission spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm with respect to illuminant A and the CIE 1964 standard observer (10°).

[0304] The light transmittance and color tone of each glass sheet are adjusted by the chemical composition of the glass and the thickness of the glass sheet. The chemical composition of the glass comprises a colorless base, preferably a soda-lime-silicon base (but other glasses, in particular borosilicate or aluminosilicate glasses, may also be used), and a coloring part. The coloring part comprises in particular one or more dyes selected from transition metal oxides, in particular iron oxides (ferrous and ferric oxides), cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, rare earth oxides, in particular erbium oxide, and selenium.

[0305] A transparent glass sheet is a sheet having a light transmittance of, for example, at least 85%, or even at least 90%. Apart from unavoidable impurities, it generally does not contain coloring parts, in particular iron oxides, with a total content of 0.005 to 0.200% by weight, in particular 0.010 to 0.150% by weight, or even 0.030 to 0.120% by weight.

[0306] A tinted glass sheet is a glass sheet having a light transmittance of, for example, 50 to 80%, in particular 60 to 75%. It contains a tinted part, for example consisting of iron oxides, the total content of which is 0.4 to 1.2% by weight, in particular 0.6 to 1.1% by weight. Depending on the proportion of ferrous iron, the glass obtained is green, optionally yellow or bluish green. According to other examples, oxides of cobalt, selenium and / or erbium are added in order to impart a hue, for example blue or gray.

[0307] Over-tinted glass sheets are glass sheets with a light transmittance of, for example, 5 to 50%, in particular 8 to 40%. They contain a colored part, for example, consisting of iron oxides, the total content of which is 1.0 to 2.3% by weight, in particular 1.1 to 2.0% by weight, as well as cobalt oxides and chromium oxides and / or selenium. The colored part contains, for example, the following dyes in the weight proportions defined below: Fe 2 O 3The content of iron (total iron) is 1.2 to 2.3%, especially 1.5 to 2.2%, CoO is 50 to 400 ppm, especially 200 to 350 ppm, and Se is 0 to 35 ppm, especially 10 to 30 ppm. The redox ratio is preferably 0.1 to 0.4, especially 0.2 to 0.3. The redox ratio is the ratio of the ferrous content (expressed as FeO) to the total iron content (expressed as Fe 2 O 3 The obtained glass is especially green or grey.

[0308] The second sheet can be made of organic glass, in particular organic glass based on polyurethane (PU) which typically has an n'v of about 1.47, organic glass based on polycarbonate (PC) which typically has an n'v of about 1.59, organic glass based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) which typically has an n'v of about 1.47, and organic glass based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which has an n'v of about 1.54.

[0309] The second sheet of organic glass may be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved sheet, or the second sheet of organic glass may be pre-formed.

[0310] For organic glass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or cross-linked polymer materials are preferred over PVB as the lower thermoplastic adhesive layer (for greater chemical compatibility). Thermoplastic or thermosetting EVA can also be selected.

[0311] If the second sheet is made of organic glass, the first glass sheet may preferably be made of tempered glass.

[0312] In the present invention, the expression "tempered glass" refers to heat-tempered glass without any precision, and preferably glass tempered during an operation of bending glass.

[0313] The second side (in particular with the first colorless glass sheet and the upper colored adhesive layer, the first additional layer or other layers) can have a athermal or heatable functional coating (stack of thin layers, etc.), including a conductive coating (low emissivity, heatable). The conductive coating can be a stack of thin layers with one or more metal layers (silver, etc.) between layers of, for example, metal oxides or nitrides or oxynitrides. The thickness of the conductive coating is less than 200 nm and even 160 nm. The conductive coating can be in contact with an optionally colored layer, which is:

[0314] - first upper preferably adhesive layer (thermoplastic or cross-linked polymer), - additional adhesive layer, thermoplastic (PVB, etc.) or cross-linked polymer, non-adhesive thermoplastic film (PET, etc.).

[0315] In particular, the first sheet is made of transparent or super-transparent mineral glass and the conductive coating is in contact with the colored layer, i.e. a cross-linked polymer adhesive (first upper adhesive layer) or a thermoplastic adhesive (PVB, EVA, etc.), such as an additional upper adhesive layer on the first upper cross-linked polymer adhesive layer.

[0316] The coating is a low-emissivity coating, in particular a coating with a normal emissivity preferably less than 0.50, in particular 0.30 and even 0.20 or 0.10. It is preferably a stack of thin layers comprising at least one (in particular two, three or four) silver layers (preferably on the second face, or on a film between the second face and the first additional upper layer) or a layer of a transparent conductive oxide (preferably on face F4), in particular chosen from tin indium oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide or gallium-doped zinc oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide or antimony-doped tin oxide. These functional layers are usually inserted between dielectric layers based on oxides, nitrides and / or nitrides. The presence of such a stack, in particular for the roof, a stack on face F4 based on ITO, further improves the thermal comfort of the occupants.

[0317] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, in particular a road vehicle or a motor vehicle, incorporating the luminous glazing defined previously.

[0318] When installed in place in a motor vehicle, in the case of a laminated roof, the fourth face is preferably the inner face of the motor vehicle, usually referred to as face F4. The roof may be an opening roof or a fixed roof.

[0319] The first pane can in particular be an outer pane, the glazing being selected from the group consisting of a roof, a windshield, a side window, or the first pane can in particular be an inner pane, the glazing being selected from the group consisting of a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing.

[0320] Laminated glazing is often curved, in particular in one or two directions, in order to fit perfectly into the vehicle body.

[0321] The present invention also relates to a method. The manufacture of the luminous glazing according to the present invention may include:

[0322] - Assembling a first glass sheet (preferably mineral), a first lower layer, an interlayer (preferably a non-adhesive thermoplastic film or glass), a first upper layer and a second glass sheet, the first lower layer and / or the upper layer being a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive polymer material film which is partially photocrosslinked or coated on a polymer (thermoplastic, non-adhesive) or glass (ultra-thin) support before the assembly, in particular a support forming the first upper layer or the lower layer or said interlayer.

[0323] The production of a (laminated) luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise:

[0324] - Assembling a first glass sheet (preferably mineral), a first lower layer, an interlayer (preferably a non-adhesive thermoplastic film or glass), a first upper layer and a second glass sheet (mineral or organic), the method comprising liquid depositing a crosslinkable adhesive, in particular a photocrosslinkable adhesive, on the first lower and / or upper adhesive layer (on the second and / or first glass sheet or interlayer) before the assembly, and preferably the method comprises photocrosslinking the first lower layer and / or the upper layer, in particular by UV(A).

[0325] Assembly refers to the stacking of different components.

[0326] The lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise an operation enabling the one or more crosslinked polymer adhesive layers (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer) of the laminate interlayer according to the invention to be brought into adhesive contact with, for example, the second and third faces. If the one or more crosslinked polymer adhesive layers are of the PSA type, the adhesive contact is achieved by simple contact (with one or both of the second and third faces, or with one or both of the first lower layer and / or upper layer).

[0327] Preferably, the lamination of the glazing according to the invention comprises at least degassing the assembled elements (already in adhesive or non-adhesive contact) to avoid bubbling, and applying pressure to the assembled elements.

[0328] After assembly, lamination of the luminous glazing according to the invention may thus involve, for example, degassing (oven etc.) and autoclaving (positive pressure).Lamination may involve a (photo) crosslinking step of one or more crosslinked polymer adhesive layers (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer), which adhesive layers may have been partially photocrosslinked before assembly, for example with the aid of a UVA source.

[0329] The autoclave cycle may be carried out at ambient temperature, at a temperature in the range of 30-50° C., at a pressure in the range of 2 to 5 bar and for up to 1 hour, in particular at least 15 minutes.

[0330] When the luminous assembly glass according to the present invention comprises a thermoplastic adhesive layer such as PVB, the lamination of the assembly glass according to the present invention comprises evacuation and pressurization under heating, the lamination step resulting in bonding contact of the thermoplastic adhesive layer with the adjacent layer, for example on the second side (and on the other side in contact with the interlayer or the first upper layer).

[0331] The crosslinked polymer adhesive layer (first lower and / or upper adhesive layer, additional lower and / or upper adhesive layer) according to the invention can be obtained from a crosslinkable adhesive (UV or bicomponent crosslinkable by chemical reaction) deposited on the surface. A pre-crosslinking step (UV or promotion of chemical reaction) is advantageous for gelling the crosslinkable adhesive. A vacuum is then created to evacuate trapped air and complete crosslinking in order to obtain good adhesion.

[0332] in short:

[0333] In the case of a lamination interlayer comprising one or more OCA films and no thermoplastic adhesive film, the method for producing the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by calendering or using a vacuum press followed by autoclave treatment (to remove residual air bubbles and optimize adhesion).

[0334] In the case where the interlayer comprises at least one thermoplastic adhesive film (in addition to the OCA film or even the OCA coating), the method for producing the luminous glazing according to the invention may comprise lamination by autoclave treatment, for example at a temperature of 110 to 160° C. and at 10 to 15 bars and even higher (de 10à15 bars et Prior to autoclaving, the air trapped between the glass sheets and the lamination interlayer is removed by calendering or vacuum.

[0335] Further details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from a reading of the embodiments according to the invention shown in the following drawings.

[0336] [ Figure 1 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle according to the invention in a first embodiment.

[0337] [ Figure 1 '] shows Figure 1 Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0338] [ Figure 2 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment.

[0339] [ Figure 2 '] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing for a motor vehicle as a roof installed in a vehicle.

[0340] [ Figure 3 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a third embodiment.

[0341] [ Figure 3 '] shows Figure 3Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0342] [ Figure 4 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a fourth embodiment.

[0343] [ Figure 5 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a fifth embodiment.

[0344] [ Figure 5 '] shows Figure 5 Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0345] [ Figure 6 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment.

[0346] [ Figure 7 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment.

[0347] [ Figure 7 '] shows Figure 7 Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0348] [ Figure 8 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in an eighth embodiment.

[0349] [ Figure 8′ ] shows Figure 8 Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0350] [ Fig. 9 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a ninth embodiment.

[0351] [ Fig.10 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a tenth embodiment.

[0352] [ Fig.11 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in an eleventh embodiment.

[0353] [ Fig.12 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated motor vehicle glazing in a twelfth embodiment with injection of ambient light.

[0354] [ Fig.13 ] shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a thirteenth embodiment.

[0355] For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that the various elements of the illustrated subject are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0356] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated motor vehicle glazing 100 according to the invention (with peripheral light injection) is shown in a first embodiment. Figure 1 'Shows Figure 1 Schematic front view of the glazing 100 .

[0357] Here, it is a rectangular and curved laminated glazing 100, here as a car roof, which comprises:

[0358] a first glass sheet 1, here forming the outer sheet, for example rectangular (for example having dimensions of 300×300 mm), of composition for tinting solar control function (VG 10 or TSA 4+ glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass), for example having a thickness equal to 2.1 mm, or being a clear glass, having here a first main face 11 corresponding to face F1, a second main face 12 on the inside corresponding here to face F2, coated with a athermal coating (if clear glass) 16′ or heated etc., and edge surfaces (longitudinal edge faces 10 and 10′) having a refractive index nv in the visible range of, for example, at least 1.5,

[0359] - a multi-layer (multi-sheet) polymer (transparent) laminate interlayer 3, in particular a multi-layer adhesive interlayer (for example, 2 layers here),

[0360] - a second glass sheet 2, here of the same dimensions as the glass pane 1, forming the inner glazing, on the passenger compartment side, here made of mineral glass, having a third main face 11 corresponding to the face F3 and a fourth main face 12, here the face F4, as well as edge surfaces (longitudinal edge faces 21 and 22) - with a thickness equal to, for example, 2.1 mm or even thinner, and a refractive index n'v in the visible light range of, for example, at least 1.5.

[0361] The second face 12 comprises an inner masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, such as a black enamel (deposited on the second face 12), delimiting a transparent glass area 16 (daylight), in this case rectangular (see Figure 1 '). It may be desirable to provide a peripheral opaque inner masking layer 7' on the fourth main face 14, in particular having the same width as or narrower than the inner masking layer 7, and adjacent to the optional athermal layer 15.

[0362] The second glass sheet 2 is preferably a soda-lime-silica glass, in particular a colorless, even transparent or extra-transparent glass, such as the Diamond glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass with an n'v of approximately 1.52 to 550 nm or 1.95 mm.

[0363] The second glass sheet 2 may comprise an athermal ITO stack 15 on a fourth face 14 (here F4).

[0364] The laminated interlayer comprises an upper part, here a single layer (or multiple layers, such as 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers and even an adhesive film), and a lower part, here a single layer (or multiple layers, such as 1 or 2 or 3 adhesive layers and even an adhesive film), which is in adhesive contact with a third side (bare or coated).

[0365] Therefore, it includes:

[0366] a first upper layer 31 which is a polymer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type) adhesive layer, in particular in the form of a film or coating deposited on the second coated face, the first upper layer 31 (optionally pigmented) having a refractive index n1 in the visible range,

[0367] - A first lower layer 32, which is a polymer, thermoplastic (PVB, EVA, TPU) or crosslinked polymer (OCA type) adhesive layer, in particular in the form of a film or coating deposited on the third face, the first lower layer 32 (preferably transparent) having a refractive index n′1 in the visible range.

[0368] The first upper layer 31 is at least 1 μm (especially if it is an OCA coating) or 30 μm (especially if it is an OCA film), and in particular the first upper layer is preferably sub-millimeter.

[0369] The first lower layer 32 is at least 1 μm (especially if it is an OCA coating) or 30 μm (especially if it is an OCA film), and in particular the first lower layer is preferably sub-millimeter.

[0370] The thickness of the first upper layer and / or the lower layer can be adjusted for the mechanical contribution. For simplicity, these are layers 31, 32 of the same polymer and even have the same thickness. The layer 31 can be colored with an additional colorant.

[0371] The first upper layer 31 and / or the upper layer 32 have edges extending to, for example, the edges 10 to 22 of the glass panes 1, 2. For example, the haze of the laminated interlayer and even the laminated glass is at most 1%.

[0372] Between (and in contact with) the first upper layer 31 and / or the upper layer 32 there is an interlayer 3 having a first and a second edge face 30, 30', here longitudinal, possibly offset (hence recessed) from the longitudinal edge face 10, 10' towards the centre of the glass sheet. The interlayer 3 has a thickness E0 of not more than 2 mm or even 1 mm and is at least 200 μm, a refractive index in the visible range of n0, wherein n0-n1 in the visible range is at least 0.04 or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, and in particular n1<nv, and n0-n'1 is at least 0.04 or even at least 0.1 or at least 0.15 or 0.2 or 0.25, and in particular n'1 <n′1。

[0373] This layer 3 is a thermoplastic film (polyester, PET, PC, etc.) or a glass film (UTG, etc.) or a thermoplastic adhesive film (PVB, etc.) forming the (central) part of the lamination interlayer.

[0374] n1, n′1 are selected according to n0 and vice versa. For example, if n1 is at most 1.43, n0 will be selected to be at least 1.47; if n1 is at most 1.4, n0 will be selected to be at least 1.44.

[0375] To form the first lower layer and / or upper layer in the form of an OCA coating 31, 32, the following resins may be used as low-refractive-index (photo) cross-linkable liquid adhesives:

[0376] - based on polyurethane acrylates, such as the products from Norland, in particular the product known as LOCA Norland NOA1315 (refractive index 1.315), which is an aliphatic polyurethane acrylate,

[0377] - based on fluorourethane acrylates, such as the products from Shin-A, in particular the products known as SFA 335 (refractive index 1.335-1.339) or SFA 387 (refractive index 1.385-1.389),

[0378] Based on acrylates, for example, in particular, the product UZ1 81A from AKChemTeck (refractive index 1.47) or the product called UVEKOL S15 from Allnex (refractive index 1.44).

[0379] As PSA film based on acrylate, mention may be made of the product CS986 from Nitto (refractive index 1.47).

[0380] As PSA film based on silicone, mention may be made of the product Opt AlphaGel (refractive index 1.41) from Taica.

[0381] Two OCA layers can be arranged on either side of the layer 3 (particularly non-adhesive films 3 (polyester, PET, PC), in particular all based on acrylates, preferably to avoid chemical contamination:

[0382] - coating 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / coating 32

[0383] - OCA film 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / OCA coating 32

[0384] - OCA coating 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / OCA film 32

[0385] - OCA film 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / OCA film 32

[0386] - OCA film 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / OCA film 32

[0387] - OCA film 31 / film 3 , in particular non-adhesive / OCA film 32 .

[0388] Alternative configurations include:

[0389] - OCA coating 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / PVB or EVA 32

[0390] - PVB film 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / OCA coating 32

[0391] - PVB film 31 / film 3, in particular non-adhesive / PVB film 32

[0392] - PVB or EVA film 31 / film 3 , in particular non-adhesive / EVA film 32 .

[0393] Since EVA has a lower refractive index than TPU, it may be preferred for laminating glass, especially organic glass.

[0394] The OCA film may be a self-supporting cross-linked polymer film selected from:

[0395] - a pressure-sensitive film, preferably of acrylate,

[0396] - or after the adhesive film is polymerized by partially photo-crosslinking the polymer before assembly and photo-crosslinking, and preferably with acrylate,

[0397] For the post-bonding film, the adhesive contact is produced by further photocrosslinking.Before crosslinking, the assembled glazing is placed under vacuum for degassing and subsequently placed in a pressurized autoclave, for example with a positive pressure of 2-4 bar, and optionally at a temperature greater than ambient temperature.

[0398] In particular, pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) bond by contact upon application of mechanical pressure.

[0399] As described below, the OCA films (PSA or post-adhesive) 31 and / or 32 may be locally textured for extraction (extraction films).

[0400] Furthermore, if desired, a so-called PVB frame layer (not shown) may surround the perimeter of the edge faces of the interlayer.

[0401] One or both of the first lower and upper layers 31 and 32 may be PVB layers which protrude beyond the edges 30 ′, 30 of the layer 3 and even between these protruding edges of the layers 31 and 32 there is no discernible interface with the frame layer.

[0402] The glazing design is simple, especially if OCA layers 31, 32 are used, and by choosing a single lower interlayer 32 and upper interlayer 31, there is less risk of chemical incompatibilities between different interlayers or non-adhesive polymer materials.

[0403] The light source 4 is optically coupled to the interlayer forming the light guide. Due to the choice of n0, n1 and n'1, the light beam (after refraction at the coupling edge face 30) propagates in the light guide interlayer by total internal reflection.

[0404] The light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 30 of the interlayer 3. The light is injected from the periphery and passes through the edge face of the interlayer 3. These are the front light-emitting diodes. Thus, these diodes 4 are aligned on a PCB support 5, for example a parallelepiped strip. This PCB support 5 is spaced apart from or in contact with the edge 30 of the interlayer 3 and / or is attached to the glazing via the edge face 10 or 21, for example by glue (or double-sided tape), or to the edge 21 and / or even to the face F4.

[0405] The light from the light source to the intermediate adhesive layer is injected into the interlayer 3 here via the edge face of the interlayer 3, or via the wall of a closed hole in the interlayer 3. This edge face 30 may be notched.

[0406] The edges 310 and 320 of the layers 31 and 32 may or may not be aligned with (eg, protrude beyond) the coupling edge 30 .

[0407] Alternatively, the light source may be one or more primary light sources (diodes, etc.) coupled directly to the light guide along the coupling edge face 30, such as an extraction fiber with a light output region (fiber texturing, etc.).

[0408] The luminous glazing 100 can have a plurality of extraction zones 6 for guiding the light, in particular of a given geometric shape (rectangular, square, circular, etc.).

[0409] The light extraction device is, for example:

[0410] a texture of a so-called texturing element selected from an interlayer, or at least one of the first upper and lower layers 31, 32, or an extraction film inserted between one of the first upper and lower layers 31, 32 and the intermediate adhesive layer 3,

[0411] - or a scattering layer comprising a binder and scattering particles and / or voids, said scattering layer being interposed between any of the first upper or lower layers 31, 32 and the interlayer.

[0412] For example, for the light extraction means, it is a scattering layer 6 on the second and / or three sides (screen printed, for example enamel on glass 3 or ink on PET 3). The layer 6 is here in the transparent glass area 16. Alternatively, it can be a local extraction film (with relief or with scattering layer or scattering in the bulk) locally placed or bonded to the layer 3.

[0413] The extraction device is in the transparent glass area 16, but may be peripheral, below the inner masking layer 7 and visible from the passenger compartment, with a gap for an optional inner masking layer 7' on the fourth side.

[0414] For example, the distance between the extraction 6 and the diode 4 is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction 6 occupies 10% to 100% of the transparent glass area 16. Figure 1 As shown in ', a set of non-intersecting scattering patterns 6 can be used, for example rectangular shapes.

[0415] Multiple series of diodes 4 can be provided (one edge, two edges, three edges, over the entire perimeter, independently controlled and even with different colors). White or colored light emitting diodes can be selected for ambient lighting, reading, etc., red light can be selected for signaling, possibly alternating with green light. The diode support 5 can be glued to the edge face 30.

[0416] Furthermore, if production purposes require, a so-called frame layer (not shown) may surround the periphery of the edge face of the interlayer 3, preferably a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer in contact with the interlayer 3 and in adhesive contact with the third face or with the second face, in particular the frame layer being offset from the transparent glass area. If this is the case, it may be preferred to limit the losses by direct injection through the coupling edge face without refraction in the frame layer. To achieve this, the frame layer 3 may be locally absent (hollowed out) in the coupling region. Preferably, the emitting face of the diode and the coupling edge face 30 are at most 5 cm or even 5 mm or even in adhesive contact or non-adhesive contact.

[0417] Alternatively, the light source may be an assembly comprising a primary diode and a light guide or optical fiber having one or more extraction regions opposite the coupling edge 30 .

[0418] Preferably, the second sheet 2 and / or any further layers are colourless on the observer side of the extracted light (here the passenger compartment interior, or the vehicle exterior).

[0419] The thickness between the first face and the fourth face is preferably at most 9 mm or 7 mm, in particular for such road vehicles.

[0420] The front side edge 3 ′ and the rear side edge 3 ″ of the interlayer 3 may be set back from the front side edge 20 and the rear side edge 20 ′ of the first or second glass sheet.

[0421] The longitudinal edges 30, 30' of the interlayer 3 may be set back from the longitudinal edges 10, 21, 10', 22 of the first or second glass sheet.

[0422] Preferably, the interlayer 3 occupies at least 90% of the main glazing surface.

[0423] Instead of glass for the second sheet, organic glass, such as PC, may be used, and preferably the first glass sheet is subsequently tempered.

[0424] The roof 100 can, for example, form a fixed illuminated panoramic roof for a motor vehicle, such as a passenger car, which is mounted on the vehicle body from the outside by means of adhesive bonding.

[0425] The laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternatively form a windshield with inner light signals (pictograms, etc.), which are particularly used for driving assistance. The scattering layer 6 (or other extraction device) forms an anti-collision signal, for example, particularly along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, when the vehicle ahead is too close, the light turns on (red).

[0426] The laminated luminous glazing 100 can alternatively form a front or rear triangular glass panel or a front windshield with luminous decoration or external luminous signals. The scattering layer 6 forms, for example, a turn signal indicator or a LOGO. In the latter case, the second colorless glass (preferably mineral) sheet is the external glazing (the fourth face is face F1, and the third face is face F2), and the first glass sheet is the internal glazing (tinted or colorless), wherein the first face is face F4, and the second face is face F3.

[0427] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 200 for a motor vehicle in a second embodiment is shown (through, for example, peripheral light, here via an edge face). Figure 2 ' shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 200 for a motor vehicle, the luminous laminated glazing being installed in the roof of the vehicle.

[0428] The glazing 200 is different from the glazing 100 in that:

[0429] the diode 4 is lateral light emitting diode below the peripheral portion 121 of the second face 12 and is masked from the outside by the internal masking layer 7 and is even bonded to the portion 121 by means of an adhesive 60 (double-sided tape, etc.),

[0430] - the second glass sheet 2 is optionally smaller than the first sheet (edge ​​21 is recessed from edge 10),

[0431] It is encapsulated by a polymer encapsulation 8 , in particular flush with the first sheet 1 , which may be perforated (holes towards the passenger compartment, etc.) to remove the light sources 4 .

[0432] The roof can, for example, form a fixed illuminated panoramic roof 200' of a motor vehicle, such as a passenger car. Figure 2 ' is shown mounted on the vehicle body 8' from the outside via adhesive 61'.

[0433] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing 300 for a motor vehicle (with peripheral light injection) in a third embodiment is shown. Figure 3 'Shows Figure 3 Schematic front view of the glazing.

[0434] The glazing 300 (in particular the roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the light source (here the side light emitting diodes 4 and the PCB support 5) has been inserted between the second face 12 and the third face 13, for example in the cavity of the interlayer 3. The back side of the support 5 can be glued in bonding contact with the first upper adhesive layer 31.

[0435] Instead of (or in combination with) a linear light source of the diode arrangement 4 type, a plurality of local light sources may be mounted in the peripheral aperture 17 of the interlayer 3, for example along the rear edge 20' (or front edge) of the glazing.

[0436] The diode carrier 5 can protrude from the glass edge face 10 and / or 21 , keeping the diode in contact with the light guide 3 .

[0437] Alternatively, the coupling edge 30 is sufficiently recessed to accommodate all or part of the light source (diode and diode support).

[0438] There may also be extraction means between layer 3 and the second face, for internal or external extraction of light (depending on the glazing).

[0439] The extraction device 6 or 6' is in the transparent glass area, but may be peripheral, below the inner shielding layer in the area where there is no inner shielding layer 7'.

[0440] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 400 for a motor vehicle (with peripheral light injection) in a fourth embodiment is shown.

[0441] The glazing 400 (eg, a vehicle roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that

[0442] The diode 4 is a side-emitting diode situated below the peripheral portion 121 of the second face 12 and is shielded from the outside by the internal shielding layer 7 and even adhered to the portion 121 by means of an adhesive 60 (double-sided tape, etc.).

[0443] For example, the second glass sheet 2 is optionally smaller than the first sheet 1 (edge ​​21 is set back from edge 10).

[0444] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 500 for a motor vehicle (with ambient light injection) in a fifth embodiment is shown. Figure 5 'Shows Figure 5 Schematic front view of the glazing 500 .

[0445] This glazing 500 (eg a vehicle roof) differs from the glazing 100 in that the coupling edge 30 is sufficiently recessed in order to accommodate all or part of the light source (diode 4 and diode carrier 5 ) between the second face 12 and the third face 13 .

[0446] Furthermore, for protection and / or retention purposes, a so-called frame layer 9 surrounds the edge faces of the light-guiding layer 3 and is in adhesive contact with the layer 3 and with the first lower and upper layers 31 , 32 protruding from the edge 30 or alternatively with the third and second faces.

[0447] The frame layer 90 is made of, for example, PVB.

[0448] The inner edge of the frame layer 90 deviates from the transparent glass area below the inner shielding layer 7 .

[0449] Furthermore, the light source diode 4 and the diode carrier are accommodated in a U-shaped (or L-shaped) section, wherein the base 80 and the return 81, 82 are clamped or glued to the first lower and upper layers 31, 32, which protrude from the edge 30 or are clamped or glued to the third and second faces. Here, the profile and the light source 4 are bonded to the frame layer 90, so that there is a region with the frame layer 90 between the coupling edge 30 and the diode.

[0450] It may be preferred to limit losses by injecting the light directly through the coupling edge face, without refraction in the frame layer 90. To achieve this, the frame layer 90 may be locally hollowed out in the coupling region.

[0451] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated luminous glazing 600 for a motor vehicle in a sixth embodiment is shown (with peripheral light injection via the coupling edge face 30 ).

[0452] The main differences between the glazing (e.g., roof) 600 and the glazing 100 are:

[0453] - the coupling edge 30 is recessed, leaving a groove 41 between the layers 31 and 32, the diode 4 and the support 5 being housed in the portion having the base 80, and a return 81 in the groove 41

[0454] - On the upper part of the sandwich, an additional (first and here only) upper adhesive layer 33 is added between the second face and the first upper adhesive layer 31 (preferably OCA), for example for mechanical reinforcement, in particular layer 33 is a thermoplastic film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm or TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermosetting).

[0455] Cumulatively or alternatively, an additional (first) lower adhesive layer may be added between the first lower polymer layer 32 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic) and the third face 13, for example for mechanical reinforcement. In particular, the (first) additional lower adhesive layer is a thermoplastic film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm, or TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermosetting). In particular, if the second sheet is organic glass, EVA is selected.

[0456] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing 700 for a motor vehicle in a seventh embodiment is shown. Figure 7 'A schematic front view of the glazing 700 is shown.

[0457] This glazing (e.g. roof) 700 differs mainly from the previous glazing 600 in that the diodes are embedded in the interlayer 3 or in the cavity of the coupling edge 30. A further light source 4' is added to another PCB support 5' (here two separate or possibly connected sheets) at the edge along the longitudinal edge 22 opposite the first edge 21. For example, the color or the on / off trigger can be changed.

[0458] If the inner masking layer 7 is not sufficiently opaque to mask the diode 4 , an opaque element may be added between the diode and the inner masking layer 7 .

[0459] The diode carrier 5 (or 5 ′) may protrude from the glass edge face 10 and / or 21 , holding the diode in contact with the light guide 3 .

[0460] Instead of (or in combination with) linear light sources of the diode arrangement 4 type, more local light sources may be installed in peripheral holes 17 of the interlayer 3 , for example along the front lateral edge 20 of the glazing.

[0461] Figure 8A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing 800 for a motor vehicle in an eighth embodiment is shown. Figure 8′ A schematic front view of a vehicle roof equipped with glass 800 is shown.

[0462] The glazing (e.g., a car roof) 800 differs from the glazing 100 in that the coupling edge 30 is recessed, leaving a groove 41, and the side-emitting diodes 4 and the support 5 are located in the groove 41. The edge 320 of the first lower layer 32 is recessed here, for example including a notch, for inserting the diode support.

[0463] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a motor vehicle luminous laminated glazing 900 in a ninth embodiment is shown.

[0464] This embodiment (eg, vehicle roof) 900 therefore differs from the glazing 100 in the injection of light and the position of the light source 4 .

[0465] The diode 4 (here the front light-emitting diode) on the diode support 5 faces (or deviates from) the fourth main surface 14, and the optical coupling with the interlayer 3 (preferably a thermoplastic film, such as polyester, PET, PC or ultra-thin glass) is carried out through a local light redirecting element for guiding (such as an optical redirecting film 9), which faces the internal shielding layer 7 between the light-guiding layer 3 and the first upper layer 31, preferably bonded or even OCA.

[0466] For example, this is a prismatic polymer film 9 (polyester, in particular PET, PC), preferably with reflective prisms 91 and a flat portion 92 (surface opposite the textured structure), for example a film with a thickness of 100 to 300 μm, preferably at most 150 μm). The prismatic film 9 forms a longitudinal strip along the longitudinal edge 21 of, for example, the roof, similar to the linear diode light source 4.

[0467] The prismatic film 9 comprises prisms formed, for example, by texturing a polymer, or by texturing a layer (resin, etc.) on a flat polymer film, on which the prisms are coated with a reflective conformal layer (metal, etc.). The prismatic film 9 is applied or bonded to the light guide layer 3, with the prisms facing the second face 12, and the prisms are filled with an OCA adhesive 31 (LOCA or film), for example.

[0468] It is a flexible film and is therefore curved so that it adapts to the curvature of the glazing.

[0469] The prismatic film 9 and / or the light source 4 are, for example, at most 100 mm and / or preferably at least 10 or 20 mm away from the transparent glass area.

[0470] Alternatively, prisms 91 are oriented toward third face 13 instead of second face 12 .

[0471] Alternatively, the first upper layer 31 is recessed (not covering the prismatic film 9), and even the prisms are spaced apart from the shielding layer 7 or are against or bonded together.

[0472] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent, and between the first lower layer 32 and the interlayer 3 , the prisms are oriented toward the surface F3 (the plane in contact with the interlayer 3 ) or the prisms are oriented toward the surface F2 in contact with the interlayer 32 (the plane in contact with the first lower layer 32 ).

[0473] Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing 1000 for a motor vehicle in a tenth embodiment is shown.

[0474] Therefore, the main difference between the glazing (eg, vehicle roof) 1000 and the glazing 900 is that an opaque element 83 is added between the prismatic film 9 and the inner shielding layer 7 if the inner shielding layer 7 is not opaque enough to shield the diodes 4 .

[0475] If present, the ITO-based layer 15 has a spacing 15 ′ which is, for example, in line with the light source 4 .

[0476] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent between the first lower layer 32 and the interlayer 3, with the prisms oriented toward the face F3 (the plane in contact with the interlayer 3) or the prisms are in contact with the interlayer 3 toward the face F2 (the plane in contact with the first lower layer 32).

[0477] Fig.11 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in an eleventh embodiment is shown.

[0478] Therefore, the assembled glass (e.g. a roof) 1100 differs from the aforementioned assembled glass 1000 in that, in the upper part of the interlayer, an additional (first and here only) upper adhesive layer 33 is added between the second surface 12 and the first upper adhesive layer 31 (preferably OCA), for example for mechanical reinforcement, in particular the additional upper adhesive layer 33, which is, for example, a 0.38 or 0.76 mm PVB thermoplastic film or TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermosetting).

[0479] Cumulatively or alternatively, an additional (first) lower adhesive layer can be added between the first lower polymer layer 32 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic) and the third face 13, for example for mechanical reinforcement. Specifically, the (first) additional lower adhesive layer is a thermoplastic adhesive film of PVB, for example 0.38 or 0.76 mm, or TPU or EVA (thermoplastic or thermosetting). Specifically, if the second sheet 2 is organic glass, EVA is selected.

[0480] Alternatively, the prismatic film 9 is transparent, between the first lower layer 32 and the interlayer 3 , with prisms facing the face F3 (the plane in contact with the interlayer 3 ) or with prisms facing the face F2 in contact with the interlayer 3 (the plane in contact with the first lower layer 32 ).

[0481] Fig.12 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing 1200 for a motor vehicle in a twelfth embodiment is shown.

[0482] The main difference between this glazing 1200 and the previous glazing is that a first (and only) additional lower polymer adhesive layer 34 is added between the lower polymer layer 32 and the third face 13. For example, the lower additional adhesive layer 34 provides mechanical reinforcement, in particular a PVB film of 0.38 or 0.76 mm, or EVA or TPU.

[0483] The lower layer 32 may be an OCA adhesive or a thermoplastic.

[0484] For example, the following stack exists between faces 12 and 13:

[0485] -PVB 33 / thermoplastic film (thermoplastic film, etc.) or OCA film (PSA film, etc.) 31 / film / thermoplastic film 3 or OCA film 32 / PVB 34

[0486] - PVB or EVA or TPU 33 / thermoplastic film or OCA film (PSA film, etc.) 31 / LOCA film or coating 3 / thermoplastic film or OCA film 32 / EVA or TPU 34 (if it is an organic sheet 2).

[0487] Fig.13 A schematic cross-sectional view of a luminous laminated glazing for a motor vehicle in a thirteenth embodiment is shown.

[0488] The glazing 1300 is different from the previous glazing in that the following sequence is added between the upper layer 31 and the second face 12:

[0489] - a first additional upper polymer layer 33, which is adhesive, OCA (especially film) or thermoplastic, or thermoplastic film (non-adhesive) such as PET or glass (non-adhesive LOCA or film without thermal support, pigmented, barrier film between OCA and adhesive thermoplastic, etc.), especially pigmented,

[0490] - A second additional upper polymer adhesive layer 35, OCA or thermoplastic (PVB etc.), in particular pigmented.

[0491] For example, there is the following layer sequence: PVB 35 / thermoplastic film (barrier or athermal or LOCA support etc.) tq PET 33 / OCA film or coating (optionally pigmented) 31 .

[0492] And between the lower layer 32 and the third face the following are added in this order:

[0493] - a first additional lower polymer layer 34 (adhesive, OCA or thermoplastic, or thermoplastic (non-adhesive) film),

[0494] - a second additional lower polymer adhesive layer 36 .

[0495] For example, there is the following sequence: OCA coating or film (optionally pigmented) 32 / thermoplastic film (LOCA barrier film or support, etc.) tq PET 34 / PVB 36 .

[0496] It is possible to have an asymmetric structure with three layers 31 , 33 , 35 and two layers 32 , 34 or the reverse: three layers 32 , 34 , 36 and two layers 31 , 33 .

[0497] In all shown implementations:

[0498] - At least one of the layers 31, 33, 35 may be colored

[0499] - and / or the first sheet 1 can be colored and / or colorless, with a athermal coating (silver stack, etc.).

[0500] When the diode carrier (diode arrangement) 5 is between the second and third faces, it can be clamped and / or wedged by means of spacers between the second face 12 and the carrier 5 or a part accommodating the carrier and / or between the third face 13 and the carrier 5 or a part accommodating the carrier.

[0501] The second glass sheet (inner) can be made of organic glass, such as PC, PMMA.

Claims

1. An illuminated glazing (100 to 1300) for a vehicle, in particular for a road vehicle, comprising a laminated glazing, preferably a curved laminated glazing, comprising: - a first sheet (1), made of mineral or organic glass, having a first main face (11) and a second main face (12), - a second sheet (2), made of mineral or organic glass, having a third main face (13) and a fourth main face (14), - polymer laminate interlayers (31 to 36), - a first upper layer (31) having a refractive index n1 in the visible range, - a first lower layer (32) having a refractive index n'1 in the visible range, - an interlayer (3) between and in contact with the first lower layer and the upper layer, said interlayer (3) having a refractive index n0 in the visible range, wherein n0-n1 in the visible range is at least 0.04, and n0-n'1 in the visible range is at least 0.04, The first upper layer is located between the second surface and the interlayer The first lower layer is located between the interlayer and the third surface - a light source (4) optically coupled to the interlayer forming the light guide, - light extraction means (6, 6') for guiding the light in the interlayer, The interlayer is a thermoplastic or glass film or a thermoplastic adhesive film, forming part of a laminate interlayer, the interlayer having a thickness E0 of at most 2 mm and at least 200 μm, Characterized in that at least one of the first lower layer and the first upper layer (31, 32) is an adhesive and is made of a cross-linked polymer material, forming part of a lamination sandwich.

2. Illuminated glazing for vehicles according to the preceding claim, characterized in that The interlayer (3) is a thermoplastic or glass film.

3. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The other of the first lower layer or the first upper layer (31, 32) is an adhesive, preferably made of a cross-linked polymer or a thermoplastic, forming part of a lamination sandwich, in particular the first lower layer or the first upper layer is based on the same polymer.

4. The illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first lower adhesive layer and the first upper adhesive layer (31, 32) are cross-linked polymer layers, in particular based on the same polymer, n1 and n′1 are at most 1.48, and even at most 1.4, and preferably the absolute value difference between n′1 and n1 is at most 0.04, and the interlayer is preferably a thermoplastic plastic or a glass film, wherein n0 is at least 1.5, and even at least 1.

52.

5. The illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first upper adhesive layer and / or the first lower adhesive layer (31, 32) is a cross-linked polymer layer, and the cross-linked polymer material is selected from polymers based on: polyacrylates, especially based on polyurethane acrylates or fluorinated polyurethane acrylates or fluorosilicone acrylates, polysiloxanes, silicones, especially polydimethylsiloxanes, epoxy polymers or polyepoxides, polyurethanes, polyvinyl acetates, polyesters, and in particular the cross-linked polymer material of the first upper layer and / or the lower layer is selected from polymers based on acrylates, especially selected from polyurethane acrylates or silicone acrylates or based on silicones, and further polymers having fluorinated functions.

6. The illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first lower and / or upper adhesive layer (31, 32) is a self-supporting cross-linked polymer film, in particular selected from: - a pressure-sensitive film, preferably with acrylate, in particular based on polyacrylate or silicone acrylate or polyurethane acrylate, a crosslinked polymer material and also with a polymer preferably with fluorinated functions - or so-called post-bonding polymer films which are partially photocrosslinked before assembly and photocrosslinked, preferably with acrylates, in particular based on polyacrylates or silicone acrylates or polyurethane acrylates, the crosslinking polymer material also having a polymer preferably with fluorinated functions.

7. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first lower adhesive layer and / or the first upper adhesive layer is a crosslinked polymer adhesive coating which is located on an interlayer, in particular a thermoplastic or glass film, or on a support, in particular a thermoplastic film.

8. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Between the second side and the first upper layer, which is preferably an adhesive layer, there is an additional upper adhesive layer, which is a thermoplastic adhesive film, which is particularly colored and is in contact with the second side, which is bare or coated with a functional coating, preferably a conductive coating, in particular a heating or athermal coating.

9. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that It includes the following stacking between the second and third sides as required: - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive upper layer / interlayer of thermoplastic or glass film / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive upper layer / interlayer of thermoplastic or glass film / first adhesive lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU) - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive top layer / interlayer of thermoplastic or glass film / first lower layer / (PVB or EVA or TPU), in particular PVB) / first cross-linked polymer adhesive top layer / interlayer of glass film / first lower layer, in particular porous silica / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), - (first PVB or EVA sheet) / first adhesive upper layer / interlayer of thermoplastic or glass film / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), - (first PVB or EVA film) / first upper layer / thermoplastic or glass film interlayer / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet), in particular (first PVB / EVA sheet) / first silica upper layer, in particular porous / interlayer, which is a glass film / first cross-linked polymer adhesive lower layer / (second PVB or EVA or TPU sheet, And preferably, the first upper layer and / or the first lower layer is an adhesive film, in particular a PSA.

10. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The glazing has no thermoplastic adhesive layer between the interlayer and the third side and / or has no thermoplastic adhesive layer between the interlayer and the second side.

11. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first sheet is tinted and / or the first upper layer is tinted and / or the additional upper adhesive layer is tinted, and in that preferably the second glass sheet is colorless and / or the first lower layer is colorless.

12. The luminous assembly glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first upper layer is adhesive and made of a cross-linked polymer material, and the first lower layer is a thermoplastic polymer film or coating of sub-millimeter thickness, in particular optionally porous silica, the first lower layer is in contact with the interlayer of the thermoplastic adhesive film, and has an additional adhesive lower adhesive, cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic layer on the third side, or, the first lower layer is adhesive and made of a cross-linked polymer material, and the first upper layer is a thermoplastic polymer film or coating of sub-millimeter thickness, in particular optionally porous silica, the first upper layer is in contact with the interlayer of the thermoplastic adhesive film, and has an additional adhesive upper adhesive, cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic layer on the second side.

13. Illuminated glazing for vehicles according to the preceding claim, characterized in that The first upper layer is an optional fluoropolymer thermoplastic film having a thickness of at least 30 μm and sub-millimeter, bonded to the second side by at least one additional upper bonding layer of a cross-linked polymer or thermoplastic material or two upper bonding layers, the first of the two upper bonding layers being a cross-linked polymer material and the second being a thermoplastic polymer material bonded to the second side, preferably a thermoplastic film selected from: - Local scattering film, especially texturing on the sandwich side - Functional films: athermal or heating, including conductive coating on second face side, low emissivity, heating, conductive coating - Tinted film.

14. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that At least one optical film is located between the interlayer and one of the first upper or lower layers, in particular a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, and even the optical film is in contact with the interlayer, and the optical film, in particular a polymer, is selected from: - Extraction film, forming a device for extracting guided light - and / or a local redirecting film, in particular a prismatic reflective film, in particular between the interlayer and the first upper layer, or a transparent prismatic film, preferably between the first lower layer and the interlayer, forming a device for redirecting light from a light source (4) on a fourth or even offset face of the glazing into the interlayer.

15. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The light extraction device (6, 6') comprises: a texture of a so-called texturing element, the texturing element being selected from at least one of the interlayer, or the first upper layer or the lower layer, preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a cross-linked polymer, or an extraction film inserted between at least one of the first upper layer and the lower layer, preferably an adhesive layer, in particular a cross-linked polymer, and the interlayer, - or a scattering layer comprising a binder and scattering particles and / or voids, said scattering layer being interposed between at least one of the first upper layer or the lower layer and the interlayer, - Localized scattering regions of the interlayer, including scattering particles and / or pores, in particular laser-etched glass films.

16. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Light from a light source, preferably comprising a set of light-emitting diodes (4) on a diode support (5), is injected into the interlayer, in particular a thermoplastic or glass film: 1) through an edge face of the sandwich or a wall defining a closed hole in the sandwich, the light source is preferably below the second face and even between the second face and the third face, 2) or by a local light redirecting element (9), such as a redirecting optical film, in particular a reflective prismatic film, in particular between the adhesive interlayer and the first upper layer, or a transparent prismatic film, which is preferably between the first lower layer and the interlayer, the light source is opposite to or offset from the fourth main surface, in particular the light source and the light redirecting element are offset from the transparent glass area.

17. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The light source comprises a group of diodes (4) on a diode carrier (5), in particular a diode carrier which is completely or partially between the second and third surfaces, the diode carrier preferably being curved and / or protruding beyond an edge surface of the glazing.

18. Illuminated glazing for a vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The so-called frame layer surrounds the periphery of the edge faces of the interlayer and / or even the first lower layer and the upper layer, which is preferably a cross-linked polymer adhesive layer, a frame layer, which is preferably a thermoplastic adhesive or cross-linked polymer layer in contact with the interlayer and / or with one or more first lower and upper layers and even optionally in adhesive contact with the third surface and even with the second surface, in particular a frame layer deviating from the transparent glass area.

19. Illuminated glazing for a motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that It comprises an inner peripheral opaque masking layer between the third face and the second face and even covers the periphery of the interlayer, in particular in contact with the second main face, in particular defining a transparent glass area, and in particular when the second sheet is an interior glazing, it optionally comprises a peripheral opaque inner masking layer on the fourth main face, which in particular corresponds to the width of the inner masking layer or has a width less than the width of the inner masking layer.

20. Illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The first pane is particularly an outer pane, the glazing is selected from a roof, a windshield, a side window, or the first pane is particularly an inner pane, the glazing is selected from a windshield, a side window, a rear window, a rear door glazing, and in particular, the outer pane is made of mineral glass.

21. Vehicle, in particular road vehicle, incorporating at least one luminous glazing unit according to one of the preceding claims.

22. Method for producing an illuminated glazing for vehicles, in particular for road vehicles, according to one of claims 1 to 20, comprising assembling a first glass sheet, a first lower layer, an interlayer, a first upper layer and a second glass sheet, and the first lower layer and / or the upper layer is a PSA film or a so-called post-adhesive film, which is made of a polymer material that is partially (photo) cross-linked before assembly, or is a coating on a polymer or glass support, in particular forming the interlayer.

23. Method for producing an illuminated glazing for a vehicle, in particular for a road vehicle, according to one of claims 1 to 20, comprising assembling a first glass sheet, a first lower layer, an interlayer, a first upper layer and a second glass sheet, the method comprising liquid depositing a crosslinkable adhesive, in particular a photocrosslinking adhesive, on the first lower and / or upper adhesive layer before the assembly.

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