Antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problems of low antenna radiation efficiency and the like. The antenna provided by the invention comprises a main reflecting surface, an auxiliary reflecting surface and a feed source, the main reflecting surface and the auxiliary reflecting surface are oppositely arranged, the feed source is provided with a plurality of radiation ports, and electromagnetic waves emitted by the plurality of radiation ports are reflected to the main reflecting surface through the auxiliary reflecting surface; wherein the auxiliary reflecting surface comprises a plurality of curved surfaces, virtual focuses of the plurality of curved surfaces do not coincide, and the plurality of radiation ports are located in an area formed by the plurality of virtual focuses. In the antenna provided by the invention, the auxiliary reflecting surface can provide a plurality of virtual focuses at different positions and can give consideration to a plurality of radiation ports at different positions, so that electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation ports at different positions are efficiently reflected, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be effectively ensured.

Description

Antenna and communication device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Reflector antennas are characterized by their simple structure, ease of design, and superior performance. They are widely used in fields such as satellite communications, telecommunications, tracking radar, and weather radar. Reflector antennas primarily consist of a feed, a primary reflector, and a secondary reflector. Their operating principle is that electromagnetic waves generated by the feed's radiating port are reflected by the secondary and primary reflectors and propagate outward. Ideally, antenna efficiency is high when the radiating port is located in a specific position. However, with the continuous advancement of communication technology, the number of radiating ports included in the feed has increased. This causes radiating ports in different locations to deviate from their specific position, thereby reducing antenna efficiency.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna and a communication device with high radiation efficiency.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides an antenna that may include a main reflector, a sub-reflector, and a feed source. The main reflector and the sub-reflector are arranged facing each other, and the feed source has multiple radiation ports. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the multiple radiation ports are reflected to the main reflector via the sub-reflector. External electromagnetic waves can propagate to the radiation ports via the main reflector and the sub-reflector. The sub-reflector includes multiple curved surfaces, and the virtual foci of the multiple curved surfaces do not overlap, and the multiple radiation ports are located within the area formed by the multiple virtual foci. In the antenna provided in the present application, the sub-reflector can provide multiple virtual foci at different positions, and can take into account multiple radiation ports at different positions, thereby efficiently reflecting the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation ports at different positions, and can effectively ensure the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0006] In one example, the focal axes of multiple curved surfaces in the secondary reflective surface may overlap, so as to reduce the difficulty of modulating the signal.

[0007] When the focal axes of the curved surfaces coincide, the multiple virtual foci are located in the same straight line. The aforementioned multiple radiation ports being located in the region formed by the multiple virtual foci refers to the set of surfaces perpendicular to the focal axes between any two virtual foci.

[0008] When setting the curved surface, each curved surface may be a surface that is rotationally symmetric about the focal axis.

[0009] As an example, the plurality of curved surfaces may be arranged sequentially from the focal axis to a direction away from the focal axis.

[0010] When setting the radiation ports, the multiple radiation ports can be arranged rotationally symmetrically around the focal axis so as to correspond to the curved surface, which helps to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0011] In addition, the angle between the radiation direction of the radiation port and the focal axis is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45° to ensure the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0012] In addition, the distance between the radiation port and the focal axis may be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port when propagating in space.

[0013] When the main reflecting surface is set, the focal axis of the main reflecting surface may coincide with the focal axes of the multiple curved surfaces.

[0014] In addition, the real focus of the primary reflective surface may be located within the region formed by the real focuses of the secondary reflective surface, wherein the region formed by the real focuses refers to the set of surfaces perpendicular to the focal axis between any two real focuses.

[0015] In another implementation, the focal axes of the multiple curved surfaces in the secondary reflective surface may not overlap, thereby helping to improve the reflection efficiency for radiation ports at different positions.

[0016] In a specific configuration, the focal axes of at least two curved surfaces may not overlap, or the focal axes of all curved surfaces may not overlap.

[0017] In addition, when setting, the number of radiation ports can be the same as the number of curved surfaces, and the radiation ports can be set one-to-one with the virtual focus of the curved surface to improve the reflection efficiency of the secondary reflector to the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation ports at different positions.

[0018] In addition, in one example, when the focal axes of all the curved surfaces do not overlap, the real focal points of the multiple curved surfaces may overlap, so as to improve the reflection efficiency between the secondary reflection surface and the main reflection surface.

[0019] Alternatively, in some examples, the real focal points of the secondary reflective surfaces may not overlap.

[0020] When the main reflecting surface and the sub-reflecting surface are arranged, the real focus of the main reflecting surface may be located within the area formed by the real focus of the sub-reflecting surface.

[0021] In addition, in a specific configuration, the antenna may further include a feed network that can be connected to a feed source. The feed network may include a phase shifter that can adjust the phase of the electromagnetic waves generated by radiating ports at different locations of the feed source to achieve beam scanning.

[0022] On the other hand, the present application also provides a communication device, which may include a bracket and any of the above-mentioned antennas, and the main reflecting surface may be fixedly connected to the bracket to fix the antenna in a desired position.

[0023] In specific applications, the communication equipment may be a microwave relay station or a radar, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of the communication equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional reflector antenna provided in this application;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another conventional reflector antenna provided in the present application;

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a side structure of a curved surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another curved surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram showing the focal axis of a radiation port and a secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another main reflective surface and secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another main reflective surface and secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of another primary reflective surface and secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a side structure showing a radiation port and a secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of a side structure showing a radiation port and a secondary reflective surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave relay station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 25 is a structural block diagram of a microwave relay station provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] To facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following first introduces its application scenarios.

[0051] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is a reflective surface antenna, which can be used in microwave communication transmission scenarios to transmit electromagnetic waves, or to receive electromagnetic waves, thereby realizing the function of wireless communication.

[0052] For example, in a microwave communication scenario, multiple microwave relay stations may be included, and multiple microwave relay stations may form a microwave transmission link.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1, two microwave relay stations are used as an example. Antennas can be installed in both microwave relay station 10a and microwave relay station 10b. The electrical signals from microwave relay station 10a can be transmitted toward microwave relay station 10b via the electromagnetic waves generated by antenna 20a, and antenna 20b in microwave relay station 10b can receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted by antenna 20a. Of course, the electrical signals from microwave relay station 10b can also be transmitted toward microwave relay station 10a via the electromagnetic waves generated by antenna 20b, and antenna 20a in microwave relay station 10a can receive the electromagnetic waves transmitted by antenna 20b, thereby enabling communication between the two microwave relay stations. In practical applications, three or more microwave relay stations can form a transmission link to achieve long-distance communication.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2, a traditional reflector antenna 01 provided by the present application is shown. The reflector antenna 01 may include a reflector 011 and a feed source 012. The feed source 012 is used to generate electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves are reflected by the reflector 011 and propagated to the outside world. Alternatively, the electromagnetic waves from the outside world can be reflected by the reflector 011 and received by the feed source 012. In theory, any ray starting from the real focus F0 of the reflector 011 is reflected by the reflector 011, and the resulting reflected line is parallel to the focal axis of the reflector 011 (as shown by the dotted line in the figure). Therefore, under ideal conditions, the radiation port of the feed source 012 is usually located at the real focus F0 of the reflector 011, so that the antenna 01 can have a higher efficiency.

[0055] In microwave communications, the frequency of the electromagnetic waves generated by the feed source 012 (i.e., the operating frequency of the antenna 01) ranges from approximately 300MHz to 3000GHz. With the continuous development of communication technology and the continuous improvement of user needs, the operating frequency of the antenna 01 has also increased. However, when the operating frequency of the antenna 01 increases, the gain of the antenna 01 also increases, and the half-power angle of the antenna 01 becomes narrower. In the transmission link, when one of the antennas (such as the antenna 20a in the microwave relay station 10a in Figure 1) is slightly shaken or shifted due to strong winds, earthquakes, etc., it will be unable to align with the adjacent antenna (such as the antenna 20b in the microwave relay station 10b), resulting in the interruption of the transmission link.

[0056] Based on this, some manufacturers have begun using feed arrays, as shown in Figure 3. In the example shown in Figure 3, the feed array may include three feeds 012. By changing the phases of different feeds 012, the electromagnetic waves generated by each feed 012 are reflected by the main reflector 011 and then superimposed in phase at a set angle to perform beam synthesis, thereby achieving the purpose of beam scanning, thereby adjusting the beam direction of the antenna 01.

[0057] However, in the current solution, the feed array is too large, significantly obstructing reflective surface 011 and reducing the radiation efficiency of antenna 01. Furthermore, due to the large number of feeds 012, only one feed 012 can be guaranteed to have its radiating port located at the actual focal point F0 of reflective surface 011. The radiating ports of the other feeds 012 will deviate from the actual focal point F0 of reflective surface 011. Consequently, reflective surface 011 has low reflection efficiency for electromagnetic waves generated by radiating ports at different locations, thus hindering the radiation efficiency of antenna 01.

[0058] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna with high radiation efficiency.

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] The terms used in the following examples are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include expressions such as "one or more" unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that in the following examples of this application, "at least one" refers to one, two, or more than two.

[0061] References to "one embodiment" and the like in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and "in further embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0062] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in an example provided in the present application, the antenna 20 may include a main reflector 21, a sub-reflector 22, and a feed source 23. The sub-reflector 22 is arranged opposite to the main reflector 21. The feed source 23 has a plurality of radiation ports 230 for emitting electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves emitted by each radiation port 230 can be reflected to the main reflector 21 through the sub-reflector 22. Among them, the sub-reflector 22 includes a plurality of curved surfaces, and the virtual focal points of the plurality of curved surfaces do not overlap, and the plurality of radiation ports 230 are all located in the area formed by the plurality of virtual focal points. In the antenna provided in the present application, the feed source 23 includes a plurality of radiation ports 230. In addition, the sub-reflector 22 can provide a plurality of virtual focal points at different positions, and can take into account a plurality of radiation ports 230 at different positions, thereby efficiently reflecting the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation ports 230 at different positions, and can effectively ensure the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0063] It is understandable that the secondary reflector 22 can take into account the radiation ports 230 at multiple different positions, specifically including that the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation port 230 at a certain position can be reflected by at least two curved surfaces in the secondary reflector 22. Alternatively, the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation port 230 at a certain position can be reflected by a corresponding single curved surface.

[0064] The primary reflective surface 21 refers to a portion of the surface of a physical structure. For example, if the physical structure is a hemispherical metal plate, the concave surface of the metal plate can serve as the primary reflective surface 21. Of course, in practical applications, the primary reflective surface 21 can be a parabola, ellipsoid, hyperbola, or sphere, and this application does not limit the specific shape of the primary reflective surface 21.

[0065] Additionally, the secondary reflector 22 refers to a portion of the surface of a physical structure. For example, if the physical structure is a roughly hemispherical metal plate, the convex surface of the metal plate can serve as the secondary reflector 22. In practical applications, the number and structural types of curved surfaces included in the secondary reflector 22 can vary, as illustrated below with examples, and are not further elaborated here.

[0066] The primary reflective surface 21 and the secondary reflective surface 22 are disposed facing each other, specifically, the primary reflective surface 21 and the secondary reflective surface 22 are disposed face to face. In practical applications, in certain directions, electromagnetic waves directed toward the primary reflective surface 21 can be reflected by the primary reflective surface 21 and then directed toward the secondary reflective surface 22. Furthermore, in certain directions, electromagnetic waves directed toward the secondary reflective surface 22 can be reflected by the secondary reflective surface 22 and then directed toward the primary reflective surface 21.

[0067] In practical applications, the feed source 23 can be of a type with a high radiation gain so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the feed source 23 can be efficiently directed toward the secondary reflector 22, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna 20. The cross-sectional shape of each radiation port 230 can be circular, rectangular, or elliptical, etc. In addition, the area of ​​each radiation port 230 can be the same or different. This application does not impose any restrictions on the type of feed source 23 or the number and size of the radiation ports 230.

[0068] In order to facilitate understanding of the primary reflective surface and the secondary reflective surface provided in the embodiments of the present application, the structural parameters of the curved surface are first described in detail below.

[0069] As shown in FIG6 , when the curved surface 001 is a convex structure type, the curved surface 001 has a focal axis (shown by the dotted line in the figure). The focal axis can also be understood as the principal axis, which is the central rotation axis of the curved surface 001, that is, the curved surface 001 is a rotating surface with the focal axis as the axis. When a parallel beam is projected onto the curved surface 001 parallel to the focal axis, it will be reflected by the curved surface 001 to become a reflected wave. The reverse extension lines of the reflected waves in different directions converge at a focus, which can be called the real focus F0; the point symmetrical about the real focus F0 about the vertex O of the curved surface 001 can be defined as the virtual focus F0' of the curved surface 001. The vertex O of the curved surface 001 is the intersection of the focal axis and the curved surface 001. In practical applications, the type of the curved surface 001 can be a parabola, an ellipsoid, a hyperboloid or a sphere, etc. It can be understood that in the conventional definition, a parabola has a real focus and a virtual focus. Therefore, the above definition of real focus and virtual focus is equivalent to the conventional definition of a parabola. However, for curved surfaces such as ellipsoids, hyperboloids, or spheres, conventional definitions only include real foci, not virtual foci. Therefore, in this application, virtual focus F0' can be understood as a point symmetrical to real focus F0 about vertex O of curved surface 001. Of course, in actual applications, curved surface 001 can also be other types of surface structures, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] As shown in Figure 7, when the curved surface 001 is a concave structure type, the curved surface 001 has a focal axis (shown by the dotted line in the figure). Among them, the focal axis can also be understood as the main axis, which is the central rotation axis of the curved surface 001, that is, the curved surface 001 is a rotating surface with the focal axis as the axis. When a parallel beam is projected onto the curved surface 001 parallel to the focal axis, it will be reflected by the curved surface 001 to become a reflected wave, and the reflected waves in different directions converge at a focus. Since the focus is formed by the convergence of the beam, the focus is usually called the real focus F0. The point symmetrical about the real focus F0 about the vertex O of the curved surface 001 can be defined as the virtual focus F0' of the curved surface 001. Among them, the vertex O of the curved surface 001 is the intersection of the focal axis and the curved surface 001. In practical applications, the type of the curved surface 001 can be a parabola, an ellipsoid, a hyperboloid or a sphere. It will be appreciated that, in conventional definitions, a parabola has real and imaginary foci. Therefore, the above definitions of real and imaginary foci are equivalent to the conventional definition of a parabola. However, for curved surfaces such as ellipsoids, hyperboloids, or spheres, conventional definitions only include real foci, not imaginary foci. Therefore, in this application, imaginary focus F0' can be understood as the point symmetrical to real focus F0 about vertex O of curved surface 001. Of course, in actual applications, curved surface 001 can also have other types of surface structures, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] In the antenna 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the sub-reflecting surface 22 is set, the sub-reflecting surface 22 may include at least one of a parabola, an ellipsoid, a hyperboloid, or a spherical surface, and may also include other types of curved surfaces.

[0072] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in an example provided in this application, the secondary reflector 22 may include two curved surfaces, or it can also be understood that the secondary reflector 22 is composed of two curved surfaces. The two curved surfaces are curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b, respectively. The virtual focus of curved surface 22a is Fa', and the virtual focus of curved surface 22b is Fb'.

[0073] In the example shown in the figure, the focal axis a of the curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of the curved surface 22b coincide with each other, and the virtual focus Fa' of the curved surface 22a and the virtual focus Fb' of the curved surface 22b do not coincide with each other.

[0074] Specifically, in the secondary reflector 22 shown in Figures 8 and 9 , curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b are both rotationally symmetric about focal axis a (or b), and curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b are arranged sequentially from focal axis a (or b) in a direction away from focal axis a (or b). Alternatively, it can be understood that curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b form a nested structure. That is, curved surface 22a has a smaller profile, while curved surface 22b has a larger profile, and curved surface 22a is arranged closer to the focal axis than curved surface 22b.

[0075] In the example provided in this application, the secondary reflective surface 22 includes two curved surfaces, a curved surface 22a and a curved surface 22b. The curved surface 22a is substantially disk-shaped, and the curved surface 22b is substantially ring-shaped.

[0076] The curved surface 22a can be a paraboloid or a spherical surface, and the curved surface 22b can also be a paraboloid or a spherical surface. In practical applications, the types of the curved surfaces 22a and 22b can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. In addition, the types of the curved surfaces 22a and 22b can be the same or different, and this application does not limit this.

[0077] Of course, in other examples, the secondary reflective surface 22 may also include three or more curved surfaces.

[0078] For example, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, in another example provided herein, the secondary reflector 22 may include three curved surfaces: curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b, and curved surface 22c. Specifically, the focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c all coincide. The virtual focus of curved surface 22a is Fa', the virtual focus of curved surface 22b is Fb', and the virtual focus of curved surface 22c is Fc'. Curved surface 22a is roughly disk-shaped, and curved surfaces 22b and 22c are both roughly annular, nested in sequence.

[0079] Of course, in other examples, some curved surfaces may also be non-centrosymmetric structures.

[0080] For example, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, in another example provided in this application, the secondary reflector 22 includes three curved surfaces, namely, curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b, and curved surface 22c. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c all coincide. The virtual focus of curved surface 22a is Fa', the virtual focus of curved surface 22b is Fb', and the virtual focus of curved surface 22c is Fc'. Curved surface 22a is roughly disk-shaped, and curved surfaces 22b and 22c are roughly semicircular. That is, curved surface 22a is a centrosymmetric structure, while curved surfaces 22b and 22c are non-centrosymmetric structures. It should be noted that although curved surfaces 22b and 22c are non-centrosymmetric structures, curved surface 22b is still a curved surface with focal axis b as its rotation axis. Correspondingly, although the curved surface 22c is a non-centrosymmetric structure, it is still a curved surface with the focal axis c as the rotation axis.

[0081] When the feed source and the sub-reflector are set, the radiation port of the feed source may be located within an area formed by a plurality of virtual focal points.

[0082] Specifically, as shown in Figure 14, the secondary reflector 22 includes two curved surfaces: curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a coincides with the focal axis b of curved surface 22b. The virtual focus Fa' of curved surface 22a and the virtual focus Fb' of curved surface 22b are located on the same focal axis.

[0083] Virtual foci Fa' and Fb' can form a focal segment, with Fa' and Fb' being the two endpoints of the focal segment. The region formed by virtual foci Fa' and Fb' is specifically the set of surfaces perpendicular to the focal axis a(b) between virtual foci Fa' and Fb'.

[0084] It is understandable that the above description is merely an example of two curved surfaces. When the number of curved surfaces is three or more, the radiation port 230 of the feed source can be located in the area formed by the virtual focal points of any two curved surfaces.

[0085] In addition, when the radiation ports 230 of the feed source are arranged, the plurality of radiation ports 230 may be arranged with the focal axis as the rotation axis.

[0086] As shown in FIG15 , when arranging the radiation ports, the orientation and arrangement spacing of each radiation port may also be varied.

[0087] For example, in the example provided herein, there are four radiation ports, namely radiation port 230a, radiation port 230b, radiation port 230c, and radiation port 230d. Radiation port 230a and radiation port 230d are symmetrically arranged around the focal axis, and radiation port 230b and radiation port 230c are symmetrically arranged around the focal axis.

[0088] In specific configurations, the angle θ1 between the radiation direction of radiation port 230a and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45°. The radiation direction of radiation port 230a refers to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves generated by radiation port 230a. Of course, θ1 can also be understood as a direction perpendicular to the aperture of radiation port 230a. Correspondingly, the angle θ2 between the radiation direction of radiation port 230b and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45°. The radiation direction of radiation port 230b refers to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves generated by radiation port 230b. Of course, θ2 can also be understood as a direction perpendicular to the aperture of radiation port 230b. Correspondingly, the angle θ3 between the radiation direction of radiation port 230c and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45°. The radiation direction of radiation port 230c refers to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves generated by radiation port 230c. Of course, θ3 can also be understood as a direction perpendicular to the aperture of radiation port 230c. Accordingly, the angle θ4 between the radiation direction of the radiation port 230d and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45°. The radiation direction of the radiation port 230d is the propagation direction of the electromagnetic waves generated by the radiation port 230d. Of course, θ4 can also be understood as a direction perpendicular to the aperture of the radiation port 230d.

[0089] The radiation port 230a and the radiation port 230d are symmetrically arranged about the focal axis, so θ1 and θ4 can be the same. The radiation port 230b and the radiation port 230c are symmetrically arranged about the focal axis, so θ2 and θ3 can be the same.

[0090] Of course, in practical applications, the specific values ​​of θ1, θ2, θ3 and θ4 can be reasonably set according to the scanning angle range of the antenna, which will not be elaborated here.

[0091] In addition, the distance d1 between the radiation port 230a and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ. Here, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port 230a when propagating in space. The distance d2 between the radiation port 230b and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ. Here, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port 230b when propagating in space. The distance d3 between the radiation port 230c and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ. Here, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port 230c when propagating in space. The distance d4 between the radiation port 230d and the focal axis can be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ. Here, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port 230d when propagating in space.

[0092] The radiation port 230a and the radiation port 230d are symmetrically arranged about the focal axis, so d1 and d4 can be the same. The radiation port 230b and the radiation port 230c are symmetrically arranged about the focal axis, so d2 and d3 can be the same.

[0093] Of course, in practical applications, the specific values ​​of d1, d2, d3 and d4 can be reasonably set according to the scanning angle range of the antenna, which will not be described in detail here.

[0094] In addition, the number of the radiation ports 230 and the number of the curved surfaces may be the same or different, and this application does not limit this.

[0095] Of course, in some cases in actual applications, the radiation port 230 of the feed source may also be located outside the area formed by multiple virtual focal points, which will not be described in detail here.

[0096] When the main reflecting surface 21 is set, the real focus F1 of the main reflecting surface 21 may be located within a region formed by a plurality of real focuses of the secondary reflecting surface 22 .

[0097] Specifically, as shown in Figure 14, the secondary reflector 22 includes two curved surfaces, namely curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of curved surface 22b coincide with each other. The real focus Fa of curved surface 22a and the real focus Fb of curved surface 22b are located on the same focal axis.

[0098] The real foci Fa and Fb form a focal segment, with Fa and Fb being the two endpoints of the focal segment. The region formed by the real foci Fa and Fb is specifically the set of surfaces perpendicular to the focal axis a(b) between the real foci Fa and Fb.

[0099] It can be understood that the above description is only an example of two curved surfaces. When the number of curved surfaces is three or more, the real focus F1 of the main reflection surface can be located in the area formed by the real focal points of any two curved surfaces.

[0100] Of course, in some cases in actual applications, the real focus F1 of the main reflection surface may also be located outside the area formed by multiple virtual focuses, which will not be described in detail here.

[0101] It is understood that in the examples shown in Figures 8 to 14, the secondary reflective surface 22 has one focal axis, that is, the focal axes of the multiple curved surfaces coincide. Of course, in other examples, the focal axes of the multiple curved surfaces may also be arranged at an angle.

[0102] For example, as shown in FIG16 , in an example provided in the present application, the secondary reflector 22 includes two curved surfaces, namely, a curved surface 22 a and a curved surface 22 b , and the focal axis a of the curved surface 22 a and the focal axis b of the curved surface 22 b do not coincide.

[0103] It can be understood that in actual applications, the secondary reflector 22 may include three or more curved surfaces, and each curved surface has its own focal axis. When setting, among the three or more curved surfaces, the focal axes of at least two of the curved surfaces may be set at an angle.

[0104] Take the secondary reflective surface 22 including three curved surfaces as an example.

[0105] As shown in FIG17 , the three curved surfaces are curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b and curved surface 22c, wherein the focal axis a of curved surface 22a coincides with the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c is set at an angle to the focal axes a and b of curved surfaces 22a and 22b.

[0106] Alternatively, as shown in FIG18 , the three curved surfaces are curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b, and curved surface 22c, wherein the focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c are all arranged at an angle. That is, the focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c do not overlap.

[0107] In summary, in practical applications, when the secondary reflective surface 22 includes three or more curved surfaces, the focal axes of at least two of the curved surfaces may be set at an angle, or the focal axes of all the curved surfaces may be set at an angle.

[0108] In practical applications, the focal axis a, the focal axis b, and the focal axis c may be located in the same plane. Alternatively, the focal axis a, the focal axis b, and the focal axis c may be located in different planes in space, which is not limited in this application.

[0109] In addition, in specific settings, the relative positions of the real focal points of multiple curved surfaces can also be diverse.

[0110] For example, as shown in FIG19 , the secondary reflector 22 includes two curved surfaces. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of curved surface 22b are arranged at an angle, and the real focus Fa of curved surface 22a and the real focus Fb of curved surface 22b coincide with each other, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly.

[0111] For example, in practical applications, one radiating port of the feed source (not shown in FIG. 19 ) can be set at the virtual focus Fa' of curved surface 22a. The electromagnetic waves generated by this radiating port can be efficiently reflected by curved surface 22a, thereby effectively improving the reflection efficiency of curved surface 22a for electromagnetic waves. Correspondingly, another port can be set at the virtual focus Fb' of curved surface 22b, thereby effectively improving the reflection efficiency of curved surface 22b for electromagnetic waves, thereby facilitating the improvement of the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly.

[0112] In addition, when the main reflecting surface 21 and the secondary reflecting surface 22 are set, the real focus F1 of the main reflecting surface 21 and the real intersection point Fa (Fb) of the secondary reflecting surface 22 can coincide with each other, thereby facilitating the improvement of the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly.

[0113] For example, in actual applications, when a radiation port of the feed source (not shown in FIG19 ) is located at the virtual focus Fa' of the curved surface 22a, the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port is reflected by the curved surface 22a and becomes a reflected wave. Correspondingly, when another radiation port of the feed source (not shown in FIG19 ) is located at the virtual focus Fb' of the curved surface 22b, the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port is reflected by the curved surface 22b and becomes a reflected wave. When the real focus F1 of the main reflector 21, the real focus Fa of the curved surface 22a, and the real focus Fb of the curved surface 22b coincide with each other, the reflected wave reflected by the secondary reflector can be efficiently reflected by the main reflector 21, thereby facilitating the improvement of the radiation efficiency of the antenna assembly.

[0114] Of course, in other examples, the real focus F1 of the primary reflective surface 21 and the real focus (such as Fa and Fb) of the secondary reflective surface 22 may not coincide. Alternatively, the focal axis a of the curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of the curved surface 22b may not intersect in space, which will not be elaborated here.

[0115] In addition, when the secondary reflecting surface 22 includes a plurality of non-overlapping real focal points, the real focus F1 of the primary reflecting surface 11 may be located within the region formed by the plurality of real focal points of the secondary reflecting surface.

[0116] For example, as shown in Figure 20, the secondary reflector includes two curved surfaces, namely curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of curved surface 22b are arranged at an angle. The real focus Fa of curved surface 22a and the real focus Fb of curved surface 22b do not overlap. The real focus F1 of the primary reflector 11 can be located within the straight line segment between Fa and Fb. In other words, the area formed by the two real focal points can be understood as the straight line segment between the two real focal points.

[0117] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 21, the secondary reflector includes three curved surfaces: curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b, and curved surface 22c. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c are arranged at an angle. The real focus Fa of curved surface 22a, the real focus Fb of curved surface 22b, and the real focus Fc of curved surface 22c do not overlap. The real focus F1 of the primary reflector 11 can be located in the triangular area enclosed by Fa, Fb, and Fc. In other words, the area formed by multiple real focal points can be understood as the area enclosed by the straight line segments between the multiple real focal points.

[0118] It is understandable that when the secondary reflector 22 includes four or more non-overlapping real focal points, the real focus F1 of the primary reflector 11 can be located in a line segment or area formed by the real focal points of any number of secondary reflectors, which will not be elaborated here.

[0119] In addition, when the sub-reflecting surface 22 includes multiple virtual focal points, the radiation port of the feed source can be located in the area formed by the multiple virtual focal points of the sub-reflecting surface.

[0120] For example, as shown in Figure 22, the secondary reflector includes two curved surfaces: curved surface 22a and curved surface 22b. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a and the focal axis b of curved surface 22b are arranged at an angle. The virtual focus Fa' of curved surface 22a and the virtual focus Fb' of curved surface 22b do not overlap. The radiation port 230 can be located within the straight line segment between Fa' and Fb'. In other words, the area formed by the two virtual focal points can be understood as the straight line segment between the two virtual focal points.

[0121] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 23, the secondary reflector includes three curved surfaces, namely curved surface 22a, curved surface 22b, and curved surface 22c. The focal axis a of curved surface 22a, the focal axis b of curved surface 22b, and the focal axis c of curved surface 22c are arranged at an angle. The virtual focus Fa' of curved surface 22a, the virtual focus Fb' of curved surface 22b, and the virtual focus Fc' of curved surface 22c do not overlap. The radiation port 230 can be located in the triangular area enclosed by Fa', Fb', and Fc'. In other words, the area formed by multiple virtual focal points can be understood as the area enclosed by the straight line segments between the multiple virtual focal points.

[0122] It is understandable that when the secondary reflector 22 includes four or more non-overlapping virtual focal points, the radiation port 230 may be located in a line segment or region formed by any number of virtual focal points of the secondary reflector, which is not described in detail here.

[0123] Of course, in actual applications, the relative positions of the primary reflector 11, the secondary reflector 22, and the radiation port 230 of the feed source can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. For example, the direction and position of each radiation port 230 can be adaptively designed according to the scanning range of the antenna.

[0124] In practical applications, the antenna may further include a feeding network, which may be connected to a feed source for feeding and processing the antenna signal.

[0125] In addition, in practical applications, antennas can be applied to many different types of communication devices.

[0126] As shown in FIG24 , microwave relay station 10 is an example of a mechanical structure. Microwave relay station 10 may include a bracket 11 and the aforementioned antenna 20. Antenna 20 may be secured to the ground or rooftop via bracket 11 to ensure stability and prevent undesirable conditions such as shaking.

[0127] In addition, as shown in FIG25 , the microwave relay station may also include a control circuit, a phase shifter, a duplexer, and a Butler matrix.

[0128] The control circuit can perform frequency selection, amplification, or frequency conversion on the communication signal. The phase shifter can adjust the phase of the communication signal processed by the control circuit and send it to the antenna through the duplexer and Butler matrix. The antenna can convert the communication signal into electromagnetic waves for propagation in space. In addition, the antenna can receive external electromagnetic waves and feed them back to the control circuit to achieve wireless signal transmission.

[0129] A duplexer is a different frequency duplex radio station, whose function is to isolate the transmit and receive signals to ensure that the antenna's reception and transmission can work normally at the same time.

[0130] Of course, in actual applications, microwave relay stations may also include other components, which will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, it is understood that the antenna provided by the present application can be applied to currently commonly used microwave relay stations. Alternatively, the antenna can also be applied to other communication devices, and this application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna.

[0131] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: main reflecting surface; A secondary reflecting surface, arranged opposite to the primary reflecting surface; A feed source having a plurality of radiation ports, wherein electromagnetic waves emitted by the plurality of radiation ports are reflected by the secondary reflection surface to the main reflection surface; The secondary reflective surface includes a plurality of curved surfaces, and the virtual focal points of the plurality of curved surfaces do not overlap, and the plurality of radiation ports are located within an area formed by the plurality of virtual focal points.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The focal axes of the multiple curved surfaces coincide with each other.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The multiple radiation ports are located within a focal section formed by the multiple virtual focal points.

4. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that Each of the curved surfaces is a curved surface that is rotationally symmetric around the focal axis.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that The plurality of curved surfaces are sequentially arranged from the focal axis toward a direction away from the focal axis.

6. The antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The plurality of radiation ports are arranged rotationally symmetrically around the focal axis.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The focal axes of at least two of the curved surfaces are arranged at an angle.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that The real foci of the plurality of curved surfaces coincide.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The real focus of the main reflection surface coincides with the real points of the plurality of curved surfaces.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The number of the radiation ports is the same as the number of the curved surfaces.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein: The plurality of radiation ports are respectively located at the virtual focus of the curved surface.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that The angle between the radiation direction of the radiation port and the focal axis is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 45°.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that The distance between the radiation port and the focal axis is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 5λ, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiation port when propagating in space.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The real focus of the primary reflecting surface is located within a region formed by a plurality of the real focuses of the secondary reflecting surface.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that It also includes a feeding network, which is connected to the feeding source for feeding.

16. A communication device, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a bracket and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the main reflecting surface is connected to the bracket.

Images