Power supply and distribution system of vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a power supply and distribution system of a vehicle and the vehicle. The power supply and distribution system comprises a power supply and distribution circuit, a circuit board and a liquid cooling mechanism, the power supply and distribution circuit is used for realizing power supply and power distribution of an electric load of a vehicle, the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged on the circuit board, and the liquid cooling mechanism and the circuit board are laminated and used for cooling the circuit board. The liquid cooling mechanism is integrally arranged in the power supply and distribution system, heat generated by the power supply and distribution circuit can be dissipated through the liquid cooling mechanism, and the liquid cooling mechanism and the circuit board provided with the power supply and distribution circuit are arranged in a laminated mode, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling mechanism can be improved. Therefore, the heat dissipation performance of the power supply and distribution system can be improved, the problem that the power supply and distribution circuit is abnormal due to heat accumulation is solved, and the reliability of the power supply and distribution system and the safety of the vehicle can be improved.

Description

Vehicle power supply and distribution system and vehicle Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle and the vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of intelligent and redundant technologies, the power level requirements of electronic devices have been further improved, resulting in further increase in the power consumption of electronic devices and more serious heat accumulation in electronic equipment.

[0003] At present, the power supply and distribution system of a vehicle is implemented using a large number of electronic devices. As the power level of the electronic devices increases, heat accumulation becomes more and more serious, resulting in lower reliability of the power supply and distribution system and lower safety of the vehicle.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a vehicle power supply and distribution system and a vehicle, so as to improve the heat dissipation performance of the power distribution system, and improve the reliability of the power supply and distribution system and the safety of the vehicle.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application proposes a vehicle power supply and distribution system. The system comprises: a power supply and distribution circuit for supplying and distributing power to the vehicle's electrical loads; a circuit board on which the power supply and distribution circuit is mounted; and a liquid cooling mechanism stacked with the circuit board for dissipating heat from the circuit board.

[0007] The power supply and distribution system for a vehicle proposed in the present application includes: a power supply and distribution circuit, a circuit board, and a liquid cooling mechanism, wherein the power supply and distribution circuit is used to realize power supply and distribution to the electrical load of the vehicle, and the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged on the circuit board, and the liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board to dissipate heat from the circuit board. The power supply and distribution system of the present application is integrated with a liquid cooling mechanism, which can dissipate the heat generated by the power supply and distribution circuit through the liquid cooling mechanism, and the liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board on which the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling mechanism. Therefore, the present application can improve the heat dissipation performance of the power supply and distribution system, improve problems such as abnormalities in the power supply and distribution circuit caused by heat accumulation, and thus can improve the reliability of the power supply and distribution system and the safety of the vehicle.

[0008] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling mechanism includes a liquid cooling plate, and a side of the circuit board facing away from the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged in contact with the liquid cooling plate.

[0009] Implementing a liquid cooling mechanism through a liquid cooling plate not only facilitates the fitting of the liquid cooling plate and the circuit board, shortens the heat dissipation path, and improves heat dissipation efficiency, but also improves the stability between the liquid cooling plate and the circuit board.

[0010] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the circuit board on the liquid cooling plate is located within the liquid cooling plate.

[0011] This structure enables all areas on the circuit board to contact the liquid cooling plate, thereby improving the heat dissipation uniformity of the components arranged on each area of ​​the circuit board and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate to the circuit board.

[0012] In some embodiments, a flow channel is provided in the liquid cooling plate for accommodating the cooling liquid; the liquid cooling plate is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the flow channel for inputting and discharging the cooling liquid.

[0013] A reservoir for accommodating coolant is provided on the liquid cooling plate, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided for inputting and discharging the coolant, so that the coolant in the flow channel can circulate and dissipate heat for the circuit board, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate on the circuit board.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution circuit includes: a distribution circuit for distributing power to the electrical loads of the vehicle; an on-board charging circuit for accessing the power supply voltage; and a conversion circuit connected to the on-board charging circuit and the distribution circuit, for converting the power supply voltage into a first power supply voltage so that the distribution circuit distributes power to the electrical loads based on the first power supply voltage.

[0015] The power supply and distribution circuit realizes the three-in-one integration of the power distribution circuit, the vehicle charging circuit and the conversion circuit, thus improving the integration of the power supply and distribution system.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit, the on-board charging circuit and the conversion circuit are all arranged on the same side of the circuit board; the power supply and distribution system also includes: a shell, which is arranged on the side of the liquid cooling plate away from the circuit board.

[0017] Placing the power distribution circuit, on-board charging circuit and conversion circuit on the same side of the circuit board can improve the integration of the power distribution circuit, on-board charging circuit and conversion circuit, and arranging a liquid cooling plate on the other side of the circuit board and a shell on the side of the liquid cooling plate away from the circuit board can not only improve the heat dissipation effect of the power distribution circuit, on-board charging circuit and conversion circuit, but also increase the supporting force of the circuit board through the shell, thereby improving the reliability of the entire power supply and distribution system.

[0018] In some embodiments, the circuit board includes: a first circuit board, on which the vehicle charging circuit and the conversion circuit are both arranged; a second circuit board, on which the power distribution circuit is arranged; the first circuit board and the second circuit board are arranged on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate.

[0019] Placing the on-board charging circuit, conversion circuit, and distribution circuit on the first circuit board and the second circuit board located on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate can reduce the layout area of ​​the power supply and distribution system, and can simultaneously dissipate heat for the power supply and distribution circuit on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate for the power supply and distribution circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system further includes: a power supply connected to the power distribution circuit, configured to provide a second power supply voltage based on the power distribution circuit.

[0021] The power supply serves as a redundant power supply to implement a redundant architecture power supply and distribution circuit.

[0022] In some embodiments, the distribution circuit includes: a first distribution branch, connected to the conversion circuit, for distributing power to the power load based on the first power supply voltage; a second distribution branch, connected to the power supply, for distributing power to the power load based on the second power supply voltage; a first switch circuit, arranged in the first distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the first distribution branch; a second switch circuit, arranged in the second distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the second distribution branch; a third switch circuit, arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the power load, and the connection point of the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load, and the third switch circuit is used to control the on and off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

[0023] The distribution circuit utilizes the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to distribute power to the vehicle's power loads respectively, thereby realizing a redundant architecture of the vehicle's power distribution network and improving the reliability of the vehicle's power supply and distribution; the first switch circuit of the distribution circuit is arranged in the first distribution branch, for controlling the on-off of the first distribution branch, and can cut off the first distribution branch when the power supply to the first distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the influence of the power supply abnormality of the first distribution branch on the power supply to the second distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to travel normally; the second switch circuit is arranged in the second distribution branch, for controlling the on-off of the second distribution branch, and can cut off the second distribution branch when the power supply to the second distribution branch is abnormal, thereby improving the influence of the power supply abnormality of the second distribution branch on the power supply to the first distribution branch and the power load, thereby enabling the vehicle to travel normally; the third switch circuit of the distribution circuit is arranged in the first distribution branch The connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution branch for the power load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution branch for the power load. The third switch circuit is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end. Therefore, the third switch can not only realize the redundant power supply of the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch to the power load, but also ensure that the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch or the abnormal shutdown of the second distribution branch will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch, and can ensure that the normal distribution branch where the first distribution end or the second distribution end is located supplies power to the power load normally, and the third switch circuit is shut down when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal, which can realize fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch. Therefore, the distribution circuit can realize the normal driving of the vehicle when the power supply is abnormal, and improve its fault resistance.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first switching circuit includes: a first switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a first control signal, and whose two communication ends are connected in series in the first distribution branch, and the first switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

[0025] The first switching tube is used to implement the first switching circuit. Since the first switching tube has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second switching circuit includes: a second switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a second control signal, and whose two communication ends are connected in series in the second distribution branch, and the second switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch according to the second control signal.

[0027] The second switching circuit is realized by using the second switching tube. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switching tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state, which can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0028] In some embodiments, the third switching circuit includes: a switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal, and the switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

[0029] By using a switch to implement the third switch circuit, bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

[0030] In some embodiments, the third switching circuit includes: a first MOS transistor, whose gate is connected to the fourth control signal and whose drain is connected to the first power distribution branch; a second MOS transistor, whose gate is connected to the fifth control signal, whose source is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and whose drain is connected to the second power distribution branch.

[0031] By using two back-to-back first MOS transistors and second MOS transistors to implement the third switch circuit, the problem of the freewheeling diodes of the first MOS transistors and the second MOS transistors continuing to form a current path when the first MOS transistors and the second MOS transistors are turned off, thereby affecting the reliability of the bidirectional cutoff of the third switch circuit, can be improved. Therefore, by implementing the third switch circuit with the first MOS transistors and the second MOS transistors, the reliability of fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch can be improved.

[0032] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fourth switch circuit, which is provided at the first power distribution terminal and connected to the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.

[0033] The first distribution end can supply power to multiple electrical loads. When a certain electrical load is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit arranged between the first distribution end and the abnormal electrical load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the influence of the abnormal electrical load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit on other electrical loads. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple electrical loads through the fourth switch circuit, so that when some electrical loads are abnormal, other electrical loads can still receive power and work normally.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fourth switching circuit includes: a third switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a sixth control signal, and whose two communication ends are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load, and the third switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load according to the sixth control signal.

[0035] The fourth switch circuit is realized by using the third switch tube. Since the third switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0036] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit further includes: a fifth switch circuit, which is provided at the second power distribution terminal and connected to the power load, and is used to control the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.

[0037] The second distribution end can supply power to multiple electrical loads. When a certain electrical load is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit set between the second distribution end and the abnormal electrical load can be controlled to be shut down to improve the influence of the abnormal electrical load on the distribution circuit, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit on other electrical loads. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple electrical loads through the fifth switch circuit, so that when some electrical loads are abnormal, other electrical loads can still receive power and work normally.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fifth switching circuit includes: a fourth switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two communication ends are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switching tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the second distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.

[0039] The fifth switch circuit is realized by using the fourth switch tube. Since the fourth switch tube has the advantages of good stability, small size, fast response speed, and self-recovery of state compared with relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the first power supply circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working status of the second power supply circuit.

[0041] The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system, improve its response speed and enhance its reliability.

[0042] To solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a vehicle comprising: an electrical load; and any of the above power supply and distribution systems connected to the electrical load for supplying and distributing power to the electrical load.

[0043] Different from the prior art: The power supply and distribution system of the vehicle proposed in this application includes: a power supply and distribution circuit, a circuit board and a liquid cooling mechanism, wherein the power supply and distribution circuit is used to realize power supply and distribution to the vehicle's electrical loads, and the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged on the circuit board, and the liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board to dissipate heat from the circuit board. The power supply and distribution system of this application is integrated with a liquid cooling mechanism, which can dissipate the heat generated by the power supply and distribution circuit through the liquid cooling mechanism, and the liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board on which the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling mechanism. Therefore, this application can improve the heat dissipation performance of the power supply and distribution system, improve problems such as abnormalities in the power supply and distribution circuit due to heat accumulation, and thus can improve the reliability of the power supply and distribution system and the safety of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

[0045] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle of the present application;

[0046] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0047] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0048] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0049] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0050] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle of the present application;

[0051] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

[0052] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit according to the embodiment of FIG7 ;

[0053] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit according to the embodiment of FIG7 ;

[0054] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a power distribution circuit of a vehicle of the present application;

[0055] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the power distribution circuit of the embodiment of FIG10 .

[0056] Marking description: Power load 1, power supply and distribution system 2, controller 3, thermal management system 4;

[0057] Power supply and distribution circuit 21, circuit board 22, liquid cooling plate 23, housing 24, power supply 25, control circuit 26;

[0058] Power distribution circuit 211, vehicle charging circuit 212, conversion circuit 213;

[0059] A first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236, and a fifth switch circuit 237;

[0060] A first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a first MOS tube Q3, a second MOS tube Q4, a third switching tube Q5, a fourth switching tube Q6, and a switch K. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0064] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0067] With the development of intelligent and redundant technologies in electronic devices, the power level requirements of electronic devices are further increased, resulting in further increase in the power consumption of electronic devices and more serious heat accumulation in electronic devices.

[0068] As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle includes: an electrical load 1, a power supply and distribution system 2 and a controller 3. The power supply and distribution system 2 is connected to the electrical load 1 and the controller 3 respectively. The power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power and distributes power to the electrical load 1 under the control of the controller 3.

[0069] Specifically, controller 3 refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing capabilities that generates control signals based on power demand and usage status to control the power supply and distribution system 2 and other functions. Controller 3 can be integrated into the vehicle's vehicle controller. Power supply and distribution system 2 refers to the power grid that provides and distributes electrical energy to loads, enabling both power supply and distribution. Power supply and distribution system 2 is also used to monitor and control power supply status and usage information.

[0070] The electrical load 1 may include a vehicle control domain controller, an electronic stability system, an electronic power steering system, an air-conditioning compressor, a PTC heater, an instrument, etc.

[0071] A vehicle's electrical loads can be divided into critical and non-critical loads. Critical loads are generally powered by a low-voltage power supply system. Critical loads are those that ensure safe driving or parking, such as the vehicle control domain controller, electronic stability system, and electronic power steering system. Non-critical loads are those that have no significant impact on vehicle safety, such as instruments, air conditioning compressors, and PTC heaters.

[0072] The vehicle further includes a thermal management system 4, which includes a cooling mechanism, a heating mechanism, and a switching valve. The cooling mechanism, heating mechanism, switching valve, and other components are connected via pipelines. The switching valves connect different pipelines within the thermal management system 4, each of which is filled with coolant. The switching valves are used to switch the connections between the different pipelines within the thermal management system 4, allowing coolant to flow through different pipelines or in different directions, thereby switching between different thermal management modes.

[0073] The power supply and distribution system 2 is also connected to a refrigeration mechanism via a switch valve and a pipeline, and the refrigeration mechanism is used to provide cooling liquid for the power supply and distribution system 2 .

[0074] In the field of vehicle technology, the power supply and distribution system 2 can be applied to electric vehicles / electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, new energy vehicles, electric buses, electric motorcycles, etc.

[0075] The inventors of this application discovered during long-term research that, currently, the power supply and distribution system of a vehicle is implemented using a large number of electronic devices. As the power level of the electronic devices increases, heat accumulation becomes more and more serious, resulting in lower reliability of the power supply and distribution system 2 and lower safety of the vehicle.

[0076] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a power supply and distribution system for a vehicle. As shown in Figure 2, the power supply and distribution system 2 includes: a power supply and distribution circuit 21, a circuit board 22 and a liquid cooling mechanism, wherein the power supply and distribution circuit 21 is used to realize power supply and distribution to the vehicle's power load 1, and the power supply and distribution circuit 21 is arranged on the circuit board 22, and the liquid cooling mechanism and the circuit board 22 are stacked for dissipating heat from the circuit board 22.

[0077] The circuit board 22 can serve as a carrier of the power supply and distribution circuit 21, which can realize the integrated setting of various components in the power supply and distribution circuit 21, and can also provide an electrical signal loop between various components in the power supply and distribution circuit 21, avoiding the use of wires to realize the electrical signal loop, and can improve the integration.

[0078] Optionally, the circuit board 22 may be a printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible printed circuit (FPC).

[0079] The stacking arrangement of the liquid cooling mechanism and the circuit board 22 means that the circuit board 22 is arranged with the liquid cooling mechanism along its thickness direction, so that each component in the power supply and distribution circuit 21 arranged on the circuit board 22 (the surface extending in the width and length directions) can be arranged corresponding to the liquid cooling mechanism, which can improve the uniformity and efficiency of heat dissipation.

[0080] The power supply and distribution system 2 of this embodiment is integrated with a liquid cooling mechanism, which dissipates heat generated by the power supply and distribution circuit 21. Furthermore, the liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board 22 on which the power supply and distribution circuit 21 is mounted, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling mechanism. Therefore, this embodiment improves the heat dissipation performance of the power supply and distribution system 2, mitigates issues such as abnormalities in the power supply and distribution circuit 21 caused by heat accumulation, and thereby enhances the reliability of the power supply and distribution system 2 and the safety of the vehicle.

[0081] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling mechanism includes a liquid cooling plate 23 , and a side of the circuit board 22 facing away from the power supply and distribution circuit 21 is arranged in contact with the liquid cooling plate 23 .

[0082] This embodiment implements a liquid cooling mechanism through a liquid cooling plate 23 , which not only facilitates the fitting of the liquid cooling plate 23 and the circuit board 22 , shortens the heat dissipation path, and improves heat dissipation efficiency, but also improves the stability between the liquid cooling plate 23 and the circuit board 22 .

[0083] Optionally, the liquid cooling plate 23 can be an aluminum liquid cooling plate 23, which improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 23 itself, and can press the circuit board 22 and the liquid cooling plate 23 together to shorten the heat dissipation path between the two, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0084] Optionally, the cooling liquid may be cooling water, so that the liquid cooling plate 23 can cool the circuit board 22. Of course, in other embodiments, other cooling liquids may be used instead of cooling water.

[0085] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the circuit board 22 on the liquid cooling plate 23 is located inside the liquid cooling plate.

[0086] The orthographic projection of the circuit board 22 onto the liquid cooling plate 23 is the projection of the circuit board 22 onto the liquid cooling plate 23 along the stacking direction between the circuit board 22 and the liquid cooling plate 23. This structure ensures that all areas of the circuit board 22 are in contact with the liquid cooling plate 23, thereby improving the uniformity of heat dissipation for components installed in various areas of the circuit board 22 and enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 23 to the circuit board 22.

[0087] In some embodiments, a flow channel is provided in the liquid cooling plate 23 for accommodating the cooling liquid; a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the flow channel are also provided on the liquid cooling plate 23 for inputting and discharging the cooling liquid.

[0088] In this embodiment, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet for inputting and discharging the cooling liquid are provided on the liquid cooling plate 23 , so that the cooling liquid in the flow channel can circulate and dissipate heat for the circuit board 22 , thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate 23 on the circuit board 22 .

[0089] In some embodiments, the vehicle's power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a control circuit (not shown), which is respectively connected to the power supply and distribution circuit 21, the circuit board 22 and the liquid cooling mechanism, and is used to control the operation of the power supply and distribution circuit 21, the circuit board 22 and the liquid cooling mechanism.

[0090] Among them, the control circuit refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions that can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the power supply and distribution system 2; the control circuit can be integrated into the above-mentioned controller 3.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the power supply distribution circuit 21 includes: a distribution circuit 211, an on-board charging circuit 212 and a conversion circuit 213, wherein the distribution circuit 211 is used to distribute power to the vehicle's electrical load 1; the on-board charging circuit 212 is used to access the power supply voltage; the conversion circuit 213 is connected to the on-board charging circuit 212 and the distribution circuit 211, and is used to convert the power supply voltage into a first power supply voltage, so that the distribution circuit 211 distributes power to the electrical load 1 based on the first power supply voltage.

[0092] Specifically, the power distribution circuit 211 is a circuit that receives electrical energy from a power source and distributes it through distribution branches or in stages according to voltage to the electrical load 1. The onboard charging circuit 212 is a circuit, integrated chip, or device used in a vehicle to obtain electrical energy from the power grid or power generation equipment and provide the electrical energy to the vehicle.

[0093] The power supply and distribution circuit 21 realizes the three-in-one integration of the power distribution circuit 211 , the vehicle-mounted charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213 , thereby improving the integration level of the power supply and distribution system 2 .

[0094] Optionally, the conversion circuit 213 may be a DC-DC conversion circuit configured to convert the power supply voltage to obtain a first supply voltage. The combination of the DC-DC conversion circuit, the onboard charging circuit 212, and the circuitry providing the supply voltage serves as the vehicle's main power source. The DC-DC conversion circuit can provide the first supply voltage required by the electrical load 1.

[0095] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit 211 , the vehicle charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213 are all arranged on the same side of the circuit board 22 ; the power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a shell 24 , which is arranged on the side of the liquid cooling plate 23 away from the circuit board 22 .

[0096] The power distribution circuit 211, the on-board charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213 are all arranged on the same side of the circuit board 22, which can improve the integration of the power distribution circuit 211, the on-board charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213. A liquid cooling plate 23 is arranged on the other side of the circuit board 22, and a shell 24 is arranged on the side of the liquid cooling plate 23 away from the circuit board 22. This can not only improve the heat dissipation effect of the power distribution circuit 211, the on-board charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213, but also increase the supporting force of the circuit board 22 through the shell 24, thereby improving the reliability of the entire power supply and distribution system 2.

[0097] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the liquid cooling plate 23 on the housing 24 along the stacking direction of the liquid cooling plate 23 and the circuit board 22 is located inside the housing 24 , and the housing 24 can provide support and protection to various areas of the liquid cooling plate 23 and the circuit board 22 .

[0098] Optionally, the liquid inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling plate 23 can be set on the side of the circuit board 22. There is no need to set a through hole on the shell 24 to lead out the liquid inlet and outlet, nor is there a need to lead the liquid inlet and outlet from the circuit board 22, so as to improve the damage caused by cooling liquid leakage to the circuit board 22 and the devices thereon and the impact of the pipes connecting the liquid inlet and outlet on the circuit board 22 and the devices thereon.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the circuit board 22 includes: a first circuit board 221 and a second circuit board 222, wherein the on-board charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213 are both arranged on the first circuit board 221; the power distribution circuit 211 is arranged on the second circuit board 222; the first circuit board 221 and the second circuit board 222 are arranged on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23.

[0100] By arranging the on-board charging circuit 212, the conversion circuit 213, and the distribution circuit 211 on the first circuit board 221 and the second circuit board 222 located on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23, the layout area of ​​the power supply and distribution system 2 can be reduced, and the opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23 can simultaneously dissipate heat for the power supply and distribution circuit 21, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 23 for the power supply and distribution circuit 21.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, the circuit board 22 can be a flexible circuit board, the first area of ​​the flexible circuit board is provided with an on-board charging circuit 212 and a conversion circuit 213, and the second area is provided with a power distribution circuit 211. The first area and the second area of ​​the flexible circuit board are respectively provided on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23.

[0102] Because the on-board charging circuit 212, the conversion circuit 213 and the distribution circuit 211 are arranged on the same flexible circuit board, the integration of the power supply and distribution circuit 21 can be improved. Moreover, because the on-board charging circuit 212 and the conversion circuit 213 and the distribution circuit 211 are arranged on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23, the layout area of ​​the power supply and distribution system 2 can be reduced, and the opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 23 can simultaneously dissipate heat for the power supply and distribution circuit 21, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate 23 for the power supply and distribution circuit 21.

[0103] Optionally, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling plate 23 may be connected to a refrigeration mechanism of the vehicle's thermal management system 4 through pipelines and switch valves, and the refrigeration mechanism is used to provide cooling liquid for the power supply and distribution system 2 .

[0104] In some embodiments, in order to improve the vehicle's fault resistance, a redundant architecture power supply and distribution system 2 is used in the vehicle to distribute power to the electrical load 1. As shown in Figure 6, the vehicle's power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a power supply 25, which is connected to a distribution circuit 211 to distribute power to the electrical load 1 based on a second power supply voltage.

[0105] The DC-DC converter circuit, onboard charging circuit 212, and the circuitry that provides the power supply voltage serve as the vehicle's main power source; power supply 25 serves as a redundant power source. A switch is used to control the on / off connection between the main and redundant power sources. This not only decouples faults between the main and redundant power sources but also enables charging of the main power source.

[0106] Optionally, the power source 25 may include a battery or the like.

[0107] During their long-term research, the inventors of this application discovered that in related technologies, vehicles use redundant power distribution circuits to distribute power to electrical loads, with dual redundancy used for critical loads. When the main power supply fails, the redundant power supply can be used to power the vehicle's critical loads, allowing the vehicle to stop safely. However, this approach, at a minimum, results in non-critical loads powered solely by the main power supply not functioning properly, thus failing to ensure normal vehicle operation.

[0108] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a power distribution circuit for a vehicle, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. The power distribution circuit 211 of this embodiment includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234 and a third switch circuit 235; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is connected to the conversion circuit 213, and is used to distribute power to the vehicle's power load 1 based on the first power supply voltage; the second power distribution branch 232 is connected to the power supply 25, and is used to distribute power to the power load 1 based on the second power supply voltage; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged on the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 233 is provided on the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on and off of the first power distribution branch 231; The switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second distribution branch 232, and is used to control the on and off of the second distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the connection point P between the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 to the power load 1, and the connection point S between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 to the power load 1, and the third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on and off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

[0109] Specifically, a switching circuit refers to an element or component that has the function of conducting or cutting off an electrical signal; a distribution branch refers to a circuit that can transmit an electrical signal and distribute the voltage or power of the electrical signal; a distribution end refers to a terminal that is electrically connected to the electrical load 1 and outputs an electrical signal to the electrical load 1.

[0110] The power distribution circuit 211 of this embodiment utilizes the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232 to distribute power to the vehicle's power load 1 respectively, thereby realizing a redundant architecture of the vehicle's power distribution network and improving the reliability of the vehicle's power supply and distribution. The first switch circuit 233 of the power distribution circuit 211 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to control the on-off of the first power distribution branch 231. When the power supply to the first power distribution branch 231 is abnormal, the first power distribution branch 231 can be cut off, thereby improving the impact of the power supply abnormality of the first distribution branch 231 on the second distribution branch. The power supply effect of the power distribution branch 232 and the power load 1 can make the vehicle run normally; the second switch circuit 234 is set in the second power distribution branch 232, which is used to control the on and off of the second power distribution branch 232, and can cut off the second power distribution branch 232 when the power supply to the second power distribution branch 232 is abnormal, thereby improving the power supply effect of the power supply abnormality of the second power distribution branch 232 on the first power distribution branch 231 and the power load 1, thereby making the vehicle run normally; the third switch circuit 235 of the power distribution circuit 211 is set in the first power distribution branch The connection point P between the branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 and the third switch circuit 235 and the first distribution branch 231 is located between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution branch 231 for the power load 1, and the connection point between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution branch 232 for the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end. Therefore, the third switch circuit 235 is not only The first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232 can provide redundant power to the power load 1, and the abnormal shutdown of the first distribution branch 231 or the second distribution branch 232 will not affect the power distribution of the other distribution branch. The power distribution branch without abnormalities at the first distribution end or the second distribution end can ensure normal power supply to the power load 1. The third switch circuit 235 is shut down when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is abnormal, and fault decoupling between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch 232 can be achieved. Therefore, the distribution circuit 211 can ensure normal driving of the vehicle in the event of power supply abnormalities, improving its fault resistance.

[0111] Optionally, the power supply abnormality includes short circuit, undervoltage and other faults.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first switch circuit 233 includes: a first switch tube Q1, the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is used to receive a first control signal, the two path ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231, and the first switch tube Q1 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first distribution branch according to the first control signal.

[0113] Specifically, the first switch tube Q1 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

[0114] The two passage ends of the first switch tube Q1 are connected in series in the first distribution branch 231 to set the first switch tube Q1 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the first distribution branch 231, so that the first switch tube Q1 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the first distribution branch 231.

[0115] Among them, the first control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231, and the first control signal is used to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned on when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is normal, and to control the first switch circuit 233 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution branch 231 is abnormal.

[0116] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 and generates a first control signal based on the power supply status. The first control signal includes a first on signal and a first off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 is normal, the control circuit generates a first on signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be on. When the power supply status of the first distribution branch 231 is abnormal, the control circuit generates a first off signal to control the first switch circuit 233 to be off.

[0117] This embodiment uses the first switch tube Q1 to implement the first switch circuit 233. Since the first switch tube Q1 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery compared to relays or mechanical switches, it can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the distribution circuit 211.

[0118] Optionally, the first switching transistor Q1 may be a power switching transistor such as a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), also known as a MOS transistor or an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT). A power switching transistor is a triode capable of withstanding high currents, exhibiting low leakage current, and exhibiting good saturation conduction and cutoff characteristics under certain conditions. Amplification performance is not a consideration; its control is dependent on the magnitude or direction of the base current, which flows through the collector and emitter.

[0119] In some embodiments, the second switch circuit 234 includes a second switch tube Q2, the control end of the second switch tube Q2 is used to receive a second control signal, the two path ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232, and the second switch tube Q2 controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second distribution branch 232 according to the second control signal.

[0120] Specifically, the second switch tube Q2 refers to a device having the function of turning on and off the electrical signal transmission path.

[0121] The two passage ends of the second switch tube Q2 are connected in series in the second distribution branch 232 to set the second switch tube Q2 in the transmission path of the electrical signal on the second distribution branch 232, so that the second switch tube Q2 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path on the second distribution branch 232.

[0122] Among them, the second control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the second distribution branch 232. The second control signal is used to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned on when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is normal, and to control the second switch circuit 234 to be turned off when the power supply of the second distribution branch 232 is abnormal.

[0123] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 and generates a second control signal based on the power supply status. The second control signal includes a second on signal and a second off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 is normal, the control circuit generates the second on signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be on, and when the power supply status of the second power distribution branch 232 is abnormal, the control circuit generates the second off signal to control the second switch circuit 234 to be off.

[0124] This embodiment utilizes the second switch tube Q2 to implement the second switch circuit 234. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the second switch tube Q2 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 211 can be improved.

[0125] Optionally, the second switch tube Q2 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0126] In some embodiments, the third switch circuit 235 includes: a switch K, wherein the two fixed ends of the switch K are connected in series between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, and the free end of the switch K is used to access a third control signal, and the switch K controls the on / off between the first distribution end and the second distribution end according to the third control signal.

[0127] In this embodiment, the third switch circuit 235 is implemented by using the switch K, which can achieve bidirectional fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232, thereby improving the reliability of the fault decoupling.

[0128] Among them, the third control signal can be generated based on the working status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end. The third control signal is used to control the switch K to be turned on when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is working normally, and to control the switch K to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end and the second distribution end is abnormal.

[0129] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal and generates a third control signal based on the operating status. The third control signal includes a third on signal and a third off signal. For example, when the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal are both normal, the control circuit generates the third on signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be on. When at least one of the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal is abnormal, the control circuit generates the third off signal to control the third switch circuit 235 to be off.

[0130] Optionally, the switch K may be a mechanical switch or a relay.

[0131] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9 , the third switch circuit 235 includes: a first MOS transistor Q3 and a second MOS transistor Q4; wherein the gate of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first power distribution branch 231; the gate of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal, the source of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor Q3, and the drain of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the second power distribution branch 232.

[0132] Among them, the fourth control signal and the fifth control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the first distribution end and the second distribution end, and are used to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned on when the first distribution end or the second distribution end is working normally, and to control the first MOS tube Q3 and the second MOS tube Q4 to be turned off when the power supply of the first distribution end and the second distribution end is abnormal.

[0133] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal, and generates a fourth control signal and a fifth control signal based on the operating status. The fourth control signal includes a fourth on-signal and a fourth off-signal, and the fifth control signal includes a fifth on-signal and a fifth off-signal. For example, when the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal are both normal, the control circuit generates the fourth on-signal to turn on the first MOS transistor Q3 and the fifth on-signal to turn on the second MOS transistor Q4. When at least one of the operating status of the first distribution terminal and the operating status of the second distribution terminal is abnormal, the control circuit generates the fourth off-signal to turn off the first MOS transistor Q3 and the fifth off-signal to turn off the second MOS transistor Q4.

[0134] The first MOS transistor Q3 and the second MOS transistor Q4 of this embodiment are both NPN MOS transistors. NPN MOS transistors are active high, that is, when the gate of the MOS transistor receives a high-level signal, its source and drain are connected, that is, the MOS transistor is turned on.

[0135] Compared with traditional relays or mechanical switches, MOS tubes have advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery, and can improve the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 211.

[0136] Because the MOS transistor has a freewheeling diode, current will flow through the freewheeling diode when the MOS transistor is turned off. Therefore, this embodiment uses two back-to-back arranged first MOS transistors Q3 and second MOS transistors Q4 to implement the third switch circuit 235. This can improve the problem that when the first MOS transistors Q3 and the second MOS transistors Q4 are turned off, their freewheeling diodes continue to form a current path, thereby affecting the reliability of the bidirectional cutoff of the third switch circuit 235. Therefore, the third switch circuit 235 is implemented by the first MOS transistors Q3 and the second MOS transistors Q4, which can improve the reliability of fault decoupling between the first distribution branch 231 and the second distribution branch 232.

[0137] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the power distribution circuit 211 of this embodiment further includes: a fourth switch circuit 236 , which is disposed between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on / off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

[0138] The first distribution end can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a certain power load 1 is abnormal, the fourth switch circuit 236 set between the first distribution end and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the impact of the abnormal power load 1 on the distribution circuit 211, thereby affecting the power distribution impact of the distribution circuit 211 on other power loads 1. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1 through the fourth switch circuit 236, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

[0139] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 11, the fourth switch circuit 236 includes: a third switch tube Q5, the control end of the third switch tube Q5 is used to receive a sixth control signal, the two path ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and the third switch tube Q5 controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first distribution end and the power load 1 according to the sixth control signal.

[0140] The two path ends of the third switch tube Q5 are connected in series between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the third switch tube Q5 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1. The third switch tube Q5 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the first distribution terminal and the power load 1.

[0141] The sixth control signal may be generated based on the power supply status of the electrical load 1 , and is used to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn on when the electrical load 1 is normal, and to control the third switch tube Q5 to turn off when the electrical load 1 is abnormal.

[0142] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the electrical load 1 and generates a sixth control signal. The sixth control signal includes a sixth on signal and a sixth off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is normal, the control circuit generates the sixth on signal to turn on the fourth switch circuit 236, and when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is abnormal, the control circuit generates the sixth off signal to turn off the fourth switch circuit 236.

[0143] This embodiment utilizes the third switch tube Q5 to implement the fourth switch circuit 236. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the third switch tube Q5 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 211 can be improved.

[0144] Optionally, the third switch tube Q5 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0145] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the power distribution circuit 211 of this embodiment further includes: a fifth switch circuit 237 , which is disposed between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 and is used to control the on / off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1 .

[0146] The second distribution end can supply power to multiple power loads 1. When a certain power load 1 is abnormal, the fifth switch circuit 237 set between the second distribution end and the abnormal power load 1 can be controlled to be turned off to improve the influence of the abnormal power load 1 on the distribution circuit 211, thereby affecting the power distribution influence of the distribution circuit 211 on other power loads 1. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve fault decoupling between multiple power loads 1 through the fifth switch circuit 237, so that when some power loads 1 are abnormal, other power loads 1 can still receive power and work normally.

[0147] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 11, the fifth switch circuit 237 includes: a fourth switch tube Q6, the control end of the fourth switch tube Q6 is used to receive the seventh control signal, the two path ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second distribution end and the power load 1, and the fourth switch tube Q6 controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the second distribution end and the power load 1 according to the seventh control signal.

[0148] The two passage ends of the fourth switch tube Q6 are connected in series between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1, so that the fourth switch tube Q6 is set in the transmission path of the electrical signal between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1. The fourth switch tube Q6 can control the on and off of the electrical signal transmission path between the second power distribution terminal and the power load 1.

[0149] Among them, the seventh control signal can be generated based on the power supply status of the electrical load 1, and the sixth control signal is used to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned on when the electrical load 1 is normal, and to control the fourth switch tube Q6 to be turned off when the electrical load 1 is abnormal.

[0150] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 obtains the power supply status of the electrical load 1 and generates a seventh control signal. The seventh control signal includes a seventh on signal and a seventh off signal. For example, when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is normal, the control circuit generates the seventh on signal to turn on the fifth switch circuit 237, and when the power supply status of the electrical load 1 is abnormal, the control circuit generates the seventh off signal to turn off the fifth switch circuit 237.

[0151] This embodiment utilizes the fourth switch tube Q6 to implement the fifth switch circuit 237. Compared with relays or mechanical switches, the fourth switch tube Q6 has advantages such as good stability, small size, fast response speed, and state self-recovery. Therefore, the reliability, integration, and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 211 can be improved.

[0152] Optionally, the fourth switch tube Q6 may be a power switch tube such as a MOS tube or an IGBT device.

[0153] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11 , the power distribution circuit 211 includes: a first power distribution branch 231, a second power distribution branch 232, a first switch circuit 233, a second switch circuit 234, a third switch circuit 235, a fourth switch circuit 236, and a fifth switch circuit 237; wherein the first power distribution branch 231 is used to distribute power to the vehicle's power load 1; the second power distribution branch 232 is used to distribute power to the power load 1; the first switch circuit 233 is arranged in the first power distribution branch 231, and is used to realize the on-off control of the first power distribution branch 231; the second switch circuit 234 is arranged in the second power distribution branch 232, and is used to realize the on-off control of the second power distribution branch 232; the third switch circuit 235 is arranged between the first power distribution branch 231 and the second power distribution branch 232, and the connection point P of the third switch circuit 235 and the first power distribution branch 231 is located at Between the first switch circuit 233 and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch 231 for the power load 1, the connection point S between the third switch circuit 235 and the second distribution branch 232 is located between the second switch circuit 234 and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch 232 for the power load 1, and the third switch circuit 235 is used to realize the on-off control between the first distribution end and the second distribution end; the fourth switch circuit 236 is arranged between the first distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the first distribution end and the power load 1; the fifth switch circuit 237 is arranged between the second distribution end and the power load 1, and is used to control the on-off between the second distribution end and the power load 1; wherein, the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all realized by power switch tubes.

[0154] By implementing each switch circuit in the power distribution circuit 211 through a power switch tube, the reliability, integration and intelligence of the power distribution circuit 211 can be improved.

[0155] Optionally, the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234, the third switch circuit 235, the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 are all implemented by NPN-type MOS transistors; wherein the gate of the first switch transistor Q1 receives the first control signal, the source of the first switch transistor Q1 serves as the input end of the first power distribution branch 231, and the drain of the first switch transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3; the gate of the second switch transistor Q2 receives the second control signal, the source of the second switch transistor Q2 serves as the input end of the second power distribution branch 232, and the drain of the second switch transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q3. The drain of the first MOS transistor Q4 is connected; the source of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the source of the second MOS transistor Q4, the source of the first MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the fourth control signal, and the gate of the second MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the fifth control signal; the gate of the third switch transistor Q5 receives the sixth control signal, the source of the third switch transistor Q5 is connected to the electrical load 1, and the drain of the third switch transistor Q5 is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q3; the gate of the fourth switch transistor Q6 receives the seventh control signal, the source of the fourth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the electrical load 1, and the drain of the fourth switch transistor Q6 is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor Q4.

[0156] The power load 1 is a general term, and different distribution terminals can be connected to different or the same power load 1. For example, a critical power load 1 can be connected to the first distribution terminal and the second distribution terminal to improve the reliability of its power distribution.

[0157] In other embodiments, the switching circuit may be implemented using other electronic switches such as relays or mechanical switches based on actual needs, without specific limitation.

[0158] In other embodiments, gallium nitride transistors may be used to implement the above-mentioned switching circuit. Gallium nitride transistors have a bidirectional cutoff function for electrical signals. Compared with mechanical switches or relays, they have advantages such as small size and fast response, while compared with power switching tubes such as MOS tubes, they have advantages such as bidirectional cutoff.

[0159] In some embodiments, the power supply and distribution system 2 also includes: a control circuit, which is respectively connected to the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit 233 and the third switch circuit 235 based on the working status of the DCDC circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235 based on the working status of the power supply 25.

[0160] The control circuit refers to a circuit or integrated chip with logic processing functions that can generate corresponding control signals based on power demand and power status to control the operation of the first switch circuit 233, the second switch circuit 234 and the third switch circuit 235, and can be integrated into the vehicle controller of the vehicle.

[0161] Furthermore, the control circuit is also used to control the operation of the fourth switch circuit 236 and the fifth switch circuit 237 .

[0162] The control circuit is at least used to generate the first control signal, the second control signal, the third control signal, the fourth control signal, the fifth control signal and the sixth control signal.

[0163] The control circuit can realize the intelligent level of power supply and distribution of the power supply and distribution system 2, improve its response speed, and improve its reliability.

[0164] The circuit structure and working principle of the power supply and distribution system 2 can be found in the above embodiments.

[0165] Based on the use of power switching tubes to replace traditional mechanical relays and fusible fuses, this application further utilizes the advantages of semiconductor power device modules to improve and optimize the vehicle power distribution architecture, achieve redundancy, integration, and intelligence, and realize the requirements of higher intelligent driving and autonomous driving of the vehicle. For example, the first switch circuit 233 can be used to prevent the DCDC conversion circuit from short circuit, undervoltage, and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the second switch circuit 234 can be used to prevent the power supply from short circuit, undervoltage, and other faults, thereby affecting the normal operation of other modules; the third switch circuit 235 can be used to prevent any fault at the P node or the S node, ensuring the normal operation of the other node; the fourth switch circuit 236 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the P side fails, protecting any other power load 1 from being affected; and the fifth switch circuit 237 can be used to disconnect the power supply circuit when any power load 1 on the S side fails, such as a short circuit, protecting any other power load 1 from being affected.

[0166] In addition, the present application also proposes a vehicle, as shown in FIG1 , which includes: an electrical load 1 and a power supply and distribution system 2 , wherein the power supply and distribution system 2 is respectively connected to the electrical load 1 , and the power supply and distribution system 2 supplies power to and distributes power to the electrical load 1 .

[0167] Furthermore, the vehicle also includes a controller 3 and a power supply and distribution system 2 for controlling the power supply and distribution system 2 to supply and distribute power to the electrical load 1 .

[0168] The control circuit of the power supply and distribution system 2 may be integrated into the controller 3 .

[0169] In some embodiments, the power load 1 includes: a first power load unit, a second power load unit and a third power load unit, the first power load unit is connected to the first distribution end; the second power load unit is connected to the second distribution end; the third power load unit is connected to the first distribution end and the second distribution end respectively.

[0170] Among them, the first power load unit and the second power load unit can be non-critical power loads 1 such as instruments, air-conditioning compressors, PTC heaters, etc., which are only connected to one distribution terminal to save power consumption and simplify the circuit structure; the third power load unit is the vehicle control domain controller, electronic stability system, electronic power steering system, etc., which can ensure the safe driving or safe parking of the vehicle. The power load 1 can improve the safety of the vehicle.

[0171] For other structures of the vehicle, please refer to the above embodiments.

[0172] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power supply and distribution system for a vehicle, characterized in that: include: A power supply and distribution circuit, used for supplying and distributing power to the electrical loads of the vehicle; A circuit board, the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged on the circuit board; A liquid cooling mechanism is stacked with the circuit board and is used to dissipate heat from the circuit board.

2. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling mechanism comprises a liquid cooling plate, and a side of the circuit board facing away from the power supply and distribution circuit is arranged in contact with the liquid cooling plate.

3. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the circuit board on the liquid cooling plate is located inside the liquid cooling plate.

4. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate is provided with a flow channel for accommodating cooling liquid; the liquid cooling plate is also provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet communicated with the flow channel for inputting and discharging the cooling liquid.

5. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The power supply and distribution circuit comprises: A power distribution circuit for distributing power to the electrical loads of the vehicle; On-board charging circuit, used to access the power supply voltage; A conversion circuit is connected to the vehicle-mounted charging circuit and the power distribution circuit, and is used to convert the power supply voltage into a first power supply voltage so that the power distribution circuit distributes power to the power load based on the first power supply voltage.

6. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit, the vehicle-mounted charging circuit and the conversion circuit are all arranged on the same side of the circuit board; The power supply and distribution system also includes: The housing is arranged on a side of the liquid cooling plate away from the circuit board.

7. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circuit board comprises: A first circuit board, the vehicle-mounted charging circuit and the conversion circuit are both arranged on the first circuit board; a second circuit board, the power distribution circuit being arranged on the second circuit board; The first circuit board and the second circuit board are arranged on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate.

8. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A power supply is connected to the power distribution circuit and is used to provide a second power supply voltage based on the power distribution circuit.

9. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit comprises: a first power distribution branch, connected to the conversion circuit, and configured to distribute power to the load based on the first supply voltage; a second power distribution branch, connected to the power supply, and configured to distribute power to the load based on the second power supply voltage; A first switch circuit, arranged in the first power distribution branch, for controlling the on and off of the first power distribution branch; A second switch circuit is provided in the second power distribution branch and is used to control the on and off of the second power distribution branch; The third switch circuit is arranged between the first distribution branch and the second distribution branch, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the first distribution branch is located between the first switch circuit and the first distribution end of the first distribution branch to the load, and the connection point between the third switch circuit and the second distribution branch is located between the second switch circuit and the second distribution end of the second distribution branch to the power load, and the third switch circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the first distribution end and the second distribution end.

10. The power distribution circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first switch circuit comprises: The first switch tube has a control end for receiving a first control signal, and two communication ends thereof are connected in series in the first power distribution branch. The first switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the first power distribution branch according to the first control signal.

11. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The second switch circuit comprises: The second switch tube has a control end for receiving a second control signal, and two communication ends thereof are connected in series in the second power distribution branch. The second switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal in the second power distribution branch according to the second control signal.

12. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The third switch circuit comprises: A switch, whose two fixed ends are connected in series between the first power distribution branch and the second power distribution branch, and whose free end is used to receive a third control signal. The switch controls the connection and disconnection between the first power distribution end and the second power distribution end according to the third control signal.

13. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The third switch circuit comprises: A first MOS transistor, a gate of which is connected to a fourth control signal, and a drain of which is connected to the first power distribution branch; The second MOS transistor has a gate connected to the fifth control signal, a source connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and a drain connected to the second power distribution branch.

14. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit also includes: The fourth switch circuit is provided at the first power distribution terminal and connected to the power load, and is used for controlling the on-off between the first power distribution terminal and the power load.

15. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The fourth switch circuit comprises: The third switch tube has a control end for receiving a sixth control signal, and two communication ends thereof are connected in series between the first power distribution end and the power load. The third switch tube controls the on and off of the electrical signal between the first power distribution end and the power load according to the sixth control signal.

16. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that: The power distribution circuit also includes: A fifth switch circuit is provided at the second power distribution terminal and connected to the power load, and is used for controlling the on-off between the second power distribution terminal and the power load.

17. The power supply and distribution system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The fifth switching circuit includes: a fourth switching tube, whose control end is used to receive a seventh control signal, and whose two communication ends are connected in series between the second power distribution end and the power load, and the fourth switching tube controls the on-off control of the electrical signal between the second power distribution end and the power load according to the seventh control signal.

18. The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that: Also includes: The control circuit is respectively connected to the first switch circuit, the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit, and is used to control the operation of the first switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the first power supply circuit, and to control the operation of the second switch circuit and the third switch circuit based on the working state of the second power supply circuit.

19. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Electrical load; The power supply and distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 18 is connected to the power load and is used to supply and distribute power to the power load.

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