Soil-loosening cultivation device for forestry seedlings and use method of soil-loosening cultivation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil-loosening cultivation device for forestry seedlings and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural power machinery, in particular to the soil-loosening cultivation device for forestry seedlings, which comprises a loading box, a soil-loosening component and a pit digging component, and four support frames are fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box; nursery stocks are contained in a loading box, a pit digging part is used for conducting soil taking and pit digging on a planting site, soil produced through pit digging flows into the periphery of the interior of a soil retaining ring, the roots of the nursery stocks penetrate through the soil retaining ring and are placed in pits, and a second servo motor is used for driving cutters in cutter mechanisms to locally rotate and move in a lifting mode. Soil blocks in the soil retaining ring are paddled and cut by the cutters, so that the soil blocks are crushed, and the purpose of loosening soil is achieved; meanwhile, a second servo motor drives a bulldozing plate in each pushing and pressing mechanism to move, and each bulldozing plate pushes the soil to a middle through hole of a soil retaining ring and falls into the pit, so that the pit is backfilled by the soil, and the root of the nursery stock is buried.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the manufacturing field of mechanized agriculture and gardening machinery such as intelligent agricultural power machinery, and more particularly to the technical field of intelligent agricultural power machinery, and specifically to a soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Planting seedlings in forestry mainly includes three planting steps: digging holes, placing seedlings, and covering with soil. The existing planting method mainly involves manually digging holes, placing seedlings in the holes, and finally pushing the soil back into the holes. This seedling planting method is inefficient and not suitable for large-scale seedling planting operations.

[0003] In the published Chinese patent application, the publication number is CN117243082B, and the patent name is: A smart soil loosening and cultivation system for forestry seedlings. This prior art sets a seedling placement rack on the frame to carry seedlings waiting for cultivation in batches, uses a soil taking mechanism to dig a pit on the ground, and cooperates with a receiving mechanism to receive the soil taken out by the soil taking mechanism. After the seedlings are planted, the soil is re-covered to the roots of the seedlings to improve the planting and cultivation efficiency of the seedlings. Although this prior art can realize digging a pit, after the seedlings are placed in the pit, the roots of the seedlings can be covered with soil. However, this prior art has certain limitations in its specific implementation. When the prior art is implemented, a soil taking auger is used to take soil and dig a pit. The soil taken out is in blocks of different sizes. When this part of the soil is backfilled in the pit to bury the roots of the seedlings, the gaps between the agglomerated soil are relatively large, and the roots of the seedlings cannot be effectively and densely covered, which has a certain impact on the survival rate of the seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a soil loosening and cultivating device for forestry seedlings and a method of using the same, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings, comprising a loading box, a soil loosening component, and a pit digging component, wherein four support frames are fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box, and the four support frames are symmetrically arranged in pairs up and down; The loosening component includes a lifting assembly and a loosening assembly, and the lifting assembly includes two sets of driving mechanisms, and the driving mechanisms are installed on two support frames arranged longitudinally. The driving mechanism includes a first screw rod and a first motor, and the two ends of the first screw rod are respectively rotatably connected to the two support frames, and the first motor is fixedly installed on a support frame, and the output shaft end of the first motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first screw rod; the loosening assembly is installed on the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the loosening assembly to lift and move; the loosening assembly includes a retaining ring, a second servo motor, a plurality of cutting mechanisms, and a plurality of pushing mechanisms; each of the cutting mechanisms is arranged in a ring array and installed on the inner side wall of the retaining ring, and each of the pushing mechanisms is arranged in a ring array and installed on the inner side wall of the retaining ring; the second servo motor is fixedly installed on the retaining ring; The cutter mechanism includes a cutter, and the second servo motor is respectively connected to the cutters in each cutter mechanism, and the second servo motor drives the cutter to rotate locally and move up and down. After local rotation, the cutter is adjusted from longitudinal to transverse, and the cutter points to the middle part of the retaining ring. The soil in the retaining ring is cut when the cutter moves up and down; the pushing mechanism includes a bulldozer, and the second servo motor is respectively connected to the bulldozer in each push mechanism, and the second servo motor drives the bulldozer to move toward the middle part of the retaining ring.

[0006] Optionally, the digging component includes a slide, a first hydraulic rod, a second hydraulic rod, a driving member, and a soil auger. The slide is slidably arranged on two support frames located at the upper part, the first hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the loading box, and the output shaft end of the first hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the slide, and the output shaft of the first hydraulic rod is telescopically pushed to push the slide to move axially along the support frame; the second hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the slide, the driving member is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second hydraulic rod, and the soil auger is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the driving member.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of wheels are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the loading box, a handle is fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box, and a door is hingedly provided on the loading box.

[0008] Optionally, the loosening assembly also includes a gear ring, a first bevel gear ring, and a second gear. The gear ring is rotatably arranged inside the retaining ring. The first bevel gear ring is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the gear ring and the two have the same axis. The second gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second servo motor, and the second gear is meshed with the gear ring.

[0009] Optionally, the cutting mechanism also includes a mounting plate, a second screw rod, and a limit rod. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the retaining ring. The upper end of the second screw rod passes through the mounting plate and the two are rotatably connected. The lower end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring. The upper end of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the lower end of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring. The second screw rod and the limit rod are parallel to each other. The upper end of the second screw rod is fixedly mounted with a first gear, and the first gear is meshed with the gear ring.

[0010] Optionally, the cutting mechanism also includes a slider and a rack, one end of the slider is threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and the other end of the slider is slidably connected to the limit rod; the upper end of the rack is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the lower end of the rack is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring; one end of the cutter is fixedly connected to a rotating plate, and the rotating plate is mounted on the middle part of the slider and the two are rotatably connected; a plurality of ring-shaped meshing teeth are fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the rotating plate, and the meshing teeth are meshed with the rack.

[0011] Optionally, the pushing mechanism also includes a vertical plate, a third screw rod, and a sliding rod, the upper end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the retaining ring, the lower end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the bulldozer plate, the other end of the sliding rod passes through the side wall of the retaining ring, the middle part of the sliding rod passes through the vertical plate and the two are slidably connected; one end of the third screw rod is rotatably connected to the bulldozer plate, and the other end of the third screw rod passes through the vertical plate and the side wall of the retaining ring in sequence.

[0012] Optionally, a ball slider is mounted on the outer wall of the third screw rod and the two are threadedly connected, a second pulley is mounted on the outer wall of the ball slider and the two are fixedly connected, the second pulley is rotatably connected to the vertical plate, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the vertical plate, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear ring; the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first pulley, a belt is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley, and the first pulley is transmission-connected to the second pulley via the belt.

[0013] The method for using the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings comprises the following steps: S1, the loading box moves to the soil loosening cultivation position, the two driving mechanisms in the lifting assembly drive the soil loosening assembly to descend to the low point position, and the first hydraulic rod drives the soil auger to move to the top of the retaining ring; S2, the soil auger is driven to rotate by the driving member, and the second hydraulic rod drives the driving member and the soil auger to descend, and the soil auger descends to drill a hole on the ground, and the soil produced by the drilling hole enters the inner cavity of the retaining ring as the soil auger rotates; S3, after the drilling is completed, the digging component is completely reset to the initial state; S4, taking out the seedlings in the loading box, passing the roots of the seedlings through the retaining ring, and placing the roots of the seedlings in the pit; S5. Start the second servo motor, which drives the cutters in each cutter mechanism to partially rotate and move up and down. The cutters point to the inner middle part of the retaining ring. When the cutters move up and down, they cut the soil in the retaining ring to loosen the soil. At the same time, the second servo motor drives the bulldozers in each pushing mechanism to move toward the middle part of the retaining ring. Each bulldozer pushes the loosened soil back into the pit, and the backfilled soil buries the roots of the seedlings.

[0014] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings and a method for using the same, which has the following beneficial effects: The soil loosening and cultivating device for forestry seedlings and the use method thereof have the effects of digging holes, loosening soil, and covering the roots of seedlings with soil through the coordinated arrangement of the pit digging component, the soil loosening component, and the loading box. The seedlings are placed in the loading box, and the pit digging component is used to dig soil at the planting site. The soil produced by the pit digging flows into the surroundings of the inner part of the retaining ring, and the roots of the seedlings pass through the retaining ring and are placed in the pit. The second servo motor is used to drive the cutters in each cutter mechanism to rotate and move up and down locally, and each cutter scratches and cuts the soil blocks inside the retaining ring to break the soil blocks, thereby achieving the purpose of loosening the soil; at the same time, the second servo motor drives the bulldozers in each pushing mechanism to move, and each bulldozer pushes the soil to the middle through hole of the retaining ring and falls back into the pit, thereby realizing the soil backfilling of the pit and burying the roots of the seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil loosening component in the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at C in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bulldozer plate in the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a soil loosening component in the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at D in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second screw rod in the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings of the present invention; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The enlarged structural diagram at E in the middle; Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a soil retaining ring in the soil loosening and cultivating device for forestry seedlings.

[0017] In the figure: 1, loading box; 2, wheels; 3, handle; 4, box door; 5, support frame; 6, first screw rod; 7, first motor; 8, slide plate; 9, retaining ring; 10, mounting plate; 11, second screw rod; 12, limit rod; 13, slider; 14, rotating plate; 15, cutter; 16, meshing teeth; 17, rack; 18, first gear; 19, gear ring; 20, first bevel gear ring; 21, vertical plate; 22, bulldozer; 23, third screw rod; 24, slide rod; 25, rotating shaft; 26, second bevel gear; 27, second pulley; 28, belt; 29, ball slider; 30, second gear; 31, second servo motor; 32, slide frame; 33, first hydraulic rod; 34, second hydraulic rod; 35, driving member; 36, soil auger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indications or implications.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings, comprising a loading box 1, a soil loosening component, and a pit digging component. Four support frames 5 are fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box 1, and the four support frames 5 are symmetrically arranged in pairs up and down.

[0021] The digging component is used to dig a pit at a designated location, and the loosening component is used to loosen the soil produced by the digging and push the soil back to fill.

[0022] Specifically, a plurality of wheels 2 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the loading box 1 , a handle 3 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box 1 , and a door 4 is hingedly provided on the loading box 1 .

[0023] The wheels 2 are used to facilitate the movement of the loading box 1, and the handle 3 is used to facilitate the pushing and pulling of the loading box 1. The loading box 1 is a box structure, and the loading box 1 contains seedlings.

[0024] Specifically, the pit digging component includes a slide 32, a first hydraulic rod 33, a second hydraulic rod 34, a driving member 35, and a soil auger 36. The slide 32 is slidably arranged on two support frames 5 located at the upper part. The first hydraulic rod 33 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the loading box 1, and the output shaft end of the first hydraulic rod 33 is fixedly installed with the slide 32. The output shaft of the first hydraulic rod 33 is telescopic to push the slide 32 to move axially along the support frame 5. The second hydraulic rod 34 is fixedly installed on the slide 32, the driving member 35 is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the second hydraulic rod 34, and the soil auger 36 is fixedly installed on the output shaft end of the driving member 35.

[0025] Among them, the first hydraulic rod 33 and the second hydraulic rod 34 include but are not limited to the use of electric hydraulic push rods, hydraulic cylinders, etc. The first hydraulic rod 33 is used to drive the slide 32 to slide and displace along the axial direction of the support frame 5, so as to adjust the lateral position of the slide 32. The second hydraulic rod 34 is used to drive the driving member 35 to move up and down, and adjust the longitudinal position of the driving member 35. The driving member 35 adopts a motor. The driving member 35 is used to drive the soil auger 36 to rotate. When digging a pit for soil excavation, after the driving member 35 is started, the output shaft of the driving member 35 drives the soil auger 36 to rotate; after the second hydraulic rod 34 is started, the output shaft of the second hydraulic rod 34 extends and pushes the driving member 35 and the soil auger 36 to descend as a whole, and the soil auger 36 drills the ground soil deeply, and the produced soil moves out with the blades of the soil auger 36.

[0026] The loosening component includes a lifting assembly and a loosening assembly. The lifting assembly includes two driving mechanisms, which are installed on two longitudinally arranged support frames 5. The driving mechanism includes a first screw rod 6 and a first motor 7. The two ends of the first screw rod 6 are respectively rotatably connected to the two support frames 5. The first motor 7 is fixedly installed on one support frame 5, and the output shaft end of the first motor 7 is fixedly installed with the upper end of the first screw rod 6. The loosening assembly is installed on the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the loosening assembly to move up and down, thereby adjusting the height position of the loosening assembly.

[0027] The loosening assembly includes two slide plates 8, which are respectively threadedly connected to two first screw rods 6. The first motors 7 in the two driving mechanisms are started at the same time. After the first motors 7 are started, the output shaft of the first motors 7 drives the first screw rod 6 to rotate, and the rotation of the first screw rod 6 drives the slide plates 8 threadedly connected thereto to move up and down.

[0028] The loosening assembly also includes a retaining ring 9, a second servo motor 31, a plurality of cutter mechanisms, and a plurality of push mechanisms. The cutter mechanisms are arranged in a circular array and installed on the inner side wall of the retaining ring 9, and the push mechanisms are arranged in a circular array and installed on the inner side wall of the retaining ring 9. The second servo motor 31 is fixedly installed on the retaining ring 9.

[0029] The two slide plates 8 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the retaining ring 9, and the two slide plates 8 move synchronously up and down to drive the retaining ring 9 to move up and down. The soil produced by the excavation parts after digging the pit enters the retaining ring 9, and each cutting mechanism is used to cut and split the soil in the retaining ring 9 to further break the soil to achieve the effect of loosening the soil. Each pushing mechanism is used to push the soil in the retaining ring 9 to accelerate the breaking of the agglomerated soil, and at the same time push the soil to move so that the soil is backfilled into the pit.

[0030] The cutter mechanism includes a cutter 15, and the second servo motor 31 is respectively connected to the cutter 15 in each cutter mechanism. The second servo motor 31 drives the cutter 15 to rotate locally and move up and down. After local rotation, the cutter 15 is adjusted from longitudinal to transverse, and the cutter 15 points to the middle part of the retaining ring 9. The cutter 15 cuts the soil in the retaining ring 9 when it moves up and down.

[0031] The second servo motor 31 is used to drive the cutter 15 in each cutter mechanism, so that the cutter 15 performs partial rotation and lifting and moving actions. After the cutter 15 undergoes partial rotation, the cutter 15 changes from a longitudinal state to a transverse state, and the tip of the cutter 15 faces the central axis of the retaining ring 9. When the cutter 15 is in the transverse state, the cutter 15 cuts and breaks the soil in the retaining ring 9 during the lifting and moving process, so that the soil is further broken up to achieve the effect of loosening the soil.

[0032] The pushing mechanism includes a bulldozer 22 . The second servo motor 31 is respectively connected to the bulldozers 22 in each pushing mechanism. The second servo motor 31 drives the bulldozer 22 to move toward the middle of the retaining ring 9 .

[0033] The second servo motor 31 is used to drive the bulldozer plates 22 in each pushing mechanism, so that each bulldozer plate 22 moves in the retaining ring 9. Each bulldozer plate 22 pushes the soil during the movement, and the soil is deformed and broken after being pushed, thereby enhancing the loosening effect. At the same time, the bulldozer plates 22 can push the soil out of the retaining ring 9, so that the soil is backfilled into the pit.

[0034] Specifically, the loosening assembly also includes a gear ring 19, a first bevel gear ring 20, and a second gear 30. The gear ring 19 is rotatably arranged inside the retaining ring 9, the first bevel gear ring 20 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the gear ring 19 and the two have the same axis, and the second gear 30 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second servo motor 31, and the second gear 30 is meshed with the gear ring 19.

[0035] The output shaft of the second servo motor 31 passes through the top wall of the retaining ring 9. After the second servo motor 31 is started, the output shaft of the second servo motor 31 drives the second gear 30 to rotate, the second gear 30 drives the gear ring 19 meshing with it to rotate, and the gear ring 19 drives the first bevel gear ring 20 fixedly connected with it to rotate.

[0036] More specifically, the cutter mechanism also includes a mounting plate 10, a second screw rod 11, and a limit rod 12. The mounting plate 10 is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the retaining ring 9. The upper end of the second screw rod 11 passes through the mounting plate 10 and the two are rotatably connected. The lower end of the second screw rod 11 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring 9. The upper end of the limit rod 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 10. The lower end of the limit rod 12 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring 9. The second screw rod 11 and the limit rod 12 are parallel to each other. The upper end of the second screw rod 11 is fixedly mounted with a first gear 18, and the first gear 18 is meshed with a gear ring 19. The cutter mechanism also includes a slider 13 and a rack 17. One end of the slider 13 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 11, and the other end of the slider 13 is slidably connected to the limit rod 12. The upper end of the rack 17 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 10, the lower end of the rack 17 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring 9, one end of the cutter 15 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 14, the rotating plate 14 is mounted in the middle of the slider 13 and the two are rotatably connected, and a plurality of meshing teeth 16 (each meshing tooth 16 is arranged in a semi-ring, and the semi-ring-shaped meshing teeth 16 are arranged on the side wall of one end of the rotating plate 14) are fixedly connected, and the meshing teeth 16 are meshed with the rack 17.

[0037] When the gear ring 19 rotates, it pushes the first gear 18 meshing with it to rotate, and the first gear 18 drives the second screw 11 to rotate. The second screw 11 pushes the slider 13 threadedly connected with it to move upward, and the slider 13 drives the cutter 15 to move upward through the rotating plate 14 when it moves upward. At the same time, because the meshing teeth 16 are meshed with the rack 17, the rotating plate 14 rotates partially when it moves upward, and the rotating plate 14 drives the cutter 15 to rotate partially, and the cutter 15 changes from a longitudinal state to a transverse state, that is, the tip of the cutter 15 faces the center of the retaining ring 9. After partial rotation and upward movement, the cutter 15 cuts and cuts the soil in the retaining ring 9.

[0038] More specifically, the pushing mechanism further includes a vertical plate 21, a third screw rod 23, and a slide rod 24. The upper end of the vertical plate 21 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the retaining ring 9, the lower end of the vertical plate 21 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring 9, one end of the slide rod 24 is fixedly connected to the bulldozer plate 22, the other end of the slide rod 24 penetrates the side wall of the retaining ring 9, and the middle part of the slide rod 24 penetrates the vertical plate 21 and the two are slidably connected. One end of the third screw rod 23 is rotatably connected to the bulldozer plate 22, and the other end of the third screw rod 23 penetrates the vertical plate 21 and the side wall of the retaining ring 9 in sequence. A ball slider 29 is mounted on the outer wall of the third screw rod 23 and the two are threadedly connected. A second pulley 27 is mounted on the outer wall of the ball slider 29 and the two are fixedly connected. The second pulley 27 is rotatably connected to the vertical plate 21. A rotating shaft 25 is rotatably provided on the vertical plate 21. A second bevel gear 26 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 25. The second bevel gear 26 is meshed with the first bevel gear ring 20. A first pulley is fixedly connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 25. A belt 28 is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley 27. The first pulley is transmission-connected to the second pulley 27 through the belt 28.

[0039] The slide bar 24 plays a guiding role. When the first bevel gear ring 20 rotates, it pushes the second bevel gear 26 meshing with it to rotate, the second bevel gear 26 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate, the rotating shaft 25 drives the first pulley to rotate, the first pulley drives the second pulley 27 to rotate through the belt 28, the second pulley 27 drives the ball slider 29 to rotate, the ball slider 29 drives the third screw rod 23 threadedly connected to it to rotate, the third screw rod 23 moves laterally while rotating, and the third screw rod 23 moves laterally to push the bulldozer 22 to move, so that the bulldozer 22 can move laterally in the retaining ring 9.

[0040] The method for using the soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings comprises the following steps: S1. The loading box 1 moves to the soil loosening and cultivation position, the two driving mechanisms in the lifting assembly drive the soil loosening assembly to descend to the low point, and the first hydraulic rod 33 drives the soil auger 36 to move to the top of the retaining ring 9.

[0041] S2. The soil auger 36 is driven to rotate by the driving member 35. The second hydraulic rod 34 drives the driving member 35 and the soil auger 36 to descend. During the descent of the soil auger 36, the soil auger 36 drills a hole in the ground by rotating. The soil produced by the drilling enters the inner cavity of the retaining ring 9 as the soil auger 36 rotates.

[0042] S3. After the drilling is completed, the digging component is completely reset to the initial state.

[0043] S4, take out the seedlings in the loading box 1, pass the roots of the seedlings through the middle hole of the retaining ring 9, and place the roots of the seedlings in the pit.

[0044] S5. Start the second servo motor 31. The second servo motor 31 drives the cutters 15 in each cutter mechanism to partially rotate and move up and down. The cutter 15 points to the inner middle part (central axis) of the retaining ring 9. When the cutter 15 moves up and down, it cuts the soil in the retaining ring 9 to loosen the soil. At the same time, the second servo motor 31 drives the bulldozers 22 in each push mechanism to move toward the middle part of the retaining ring 9. Each bulldozer 22 pushes the loosened soil back into the pit, and the soil backfilling buries the roots of the seedlings.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings, characterized in that: It comprises a loading box (1), a soil loosening component, and a pit digging component, wherein four support frames (5) are fixedly connected to one side wall of the loading box (1), and the four support frames (5) are symmetrically arranged in pairs up and down; The loosening component comprises a lifting assembly and a loosening assembly, the lifting assembly comprises two sets of driving mechanisms, the driving mechanisms are mounted on two support frames (5) arranged longitudinally, the driving mechanisms comprise a first screw rod (6) and a first motor (7), the two ends of the first screw rod (6) are respectively rotatably connected to the two support frames (5), the first motor (7) is fixedly mounted on one support frame (5), and the output shaft end of the first motor (7) is fixedly mounted to the upper end of the first screw rod (6); The loosening assembly is mounted on the lifting assembly, and the lifting assembly drives the loosening assembly to move up and down; the loosening assembly comprises a retaining ring (9), a second servo motor (31), a plurality of cutter mechanisms, and a plurality of push mechanisms; each of the cutter mechanisms is arranged in a circular array and mounted on the inner side wall of the retaining ring (9), and each of the push mechanisms is arranged in a circular array and mounted on the inner side wall of the retaining ring (9); the second servo motor (31) is fixedly mounted on the retaining ring (9); The cutter mechanism comprises a cutter (15), the second servo motor (31) is respectively connected to the cutter (15) in each cutter mechanism, the second servo motor (31) drives the cutter (15) to partially rotate and move up and down, the cutter (15) is adjusted from the longitudinal direction to the transverse direction after partial rotation, and the cutter (15) points to the middle of the retaining ring (9), and the cutter (15) cuts the soil in the retaining ring (9) when it moves up and down; The pushing mechanism comprises a push plate (22), and the second servo motor (31) is respectively connected to the push plates (22) in each push mechanism, and the second servo motor (31) drives the push plates (22) to move toward the middle of the retaining ring 9.

2. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digging component comprises a slide (32), a first hydraulic rod (33), a second hydraulic rod (34), a driving member (35), and a soil extracting auger (36); the slide (32) is slidably arranged on two support frames (5) located at the upper part; the first hydraulic rod (33) is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the loading box (1); and the output shaft end of the first hydraulic rod (33) is fixedly mounted on the slide (32); the output shaft of the first hydraulic rod (33) is telescopically pushed to push the slide (32) to move axially along the support frame (5); the second hydraulic rod (34) is fixedly mounted on the slide (32); the driving member (35) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second hydraulic rod (34); and the soil extracting auger (36) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the driving member (35).

3. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of wheels (2) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the loading box (1), a handle (3) is fixedly connected to a side wall of the loading box (1), and a door (4) is hingedly provided on the loading box (1).

4. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loosening assembly further comprises a gear ring (19), a first bevel gear ring (20), and a second gear (30); the gear ring (19) is rotatably arranged inside the soil retaining ring (9); the first bevel gear ring (20) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the gear ring (19) and the two have the same axis; the second gear (30) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second servo motor (31); and the second gear (30) is meshed with the gear ring (19).

5. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutter mechanism further comprises a mounting plate (10), a second screw rod (11), and a limiting rod (12); the mounting plate (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the retaining ring (9); the upper end of the second screw rod (11) passes through the mounting plate (10) and the two are rotatably connected; the lower end of the second screw rod (11) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring (9); the upper end of the limiting rod (12) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (10); the lower end of the limiting rod (12) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring (9); the second screw rod (11) and the limiting rod (12) are parallel to each other; a first gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the second screw rod (11); and the first gear (18) is meshed with a gear ring (19).

6. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutter mechanism further comprises a slider (13) and a rack (17); one end of the slider (13) is threadedly connected to the second screw rod (11), and the other end of the slider (13) is slidably connected to the limit rod (12); the upper end of the rack (17) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (10), and the lower end of the rack (17) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring (9); one end of the cutter (15) is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (14), the rotating plate (14) is sleeved on the middle part of the slider (13) and the two are rotatably connected; a plurality of meshing teeth (16) of a ring cloth are fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the rotating plate (14), and the meshing teeth (16) mesh with the rack (17).

7. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism further comprises a vertical plate (21), a third screw rod (23), and a sliding rod (24); the upper end of the vertical plate (21) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the retaining ring (9); the lower end of the vertical plate (21) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the retaining ring (9); one end of the sliding rod (24) is fixedly connected to the bulldozer plate (22); the other end of the sliding rod (24) penetrates the side wall of the retaining ring (9); the middle part of the sliding rod (24) penetrates the vertical plate (21) and the two are slidably connected; one end of the third screw rod (23) is rotatably connected to the bulldozer plate (22); the other end of the third screw rod (23) penetrates the vertical plate (21) and the side wall of the retaining ring (9) in sequence.

8. The soil loosening and cultivation device for forestry seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ball slider (29) is mounted on the outer wall of the third screw rod (23) and the two are threadedly connected. A second pulley (27) is mounted on the outer wall of the ball slider (29) and the two are fixedly connected. The second pulley (27) is rotatably connected to the vertical plate (21). A rotating shaft (25) is rotatably arranged on the vertical plate (21). One end of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear (26), and the second bevel gear (26) is meshed with a first bevel gear ring (20). The other end of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly connected to a first pulley. A belt (28) is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley (27). The first pulley is transmission-connected to the second pulley (27) via the belt (28).

9. The method for using the soil loosening and cultivating device for forestry seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the loading box (1) moves to the soil loosening cultivation position, the soil loosening assembly is driven to descend to the low point position by two driving mechanisms in the lifting assembly, and the soil taking auger (36) is driven to move to the top of the retaining ring (9) by the first hydraulic rod (33); S2, the soil auger (36) is driven to rotate by the driving member (35), and the second hydraulic rod (34) drives the driving member (35) and the soil auger (36) to descend, and the soil auger (36) descends to drill a hole in the ground, and the soil produced by the drilling hole enters the inner cavity of the retaining ring (9) as the soil auger (36) rotates; S3, after the drilling is completed, the digging component is completely reset to the initial state; S4, taking out the seedlings in the loading box (1), passing the roots of the seedlings through the retaining ring (9), and placing the roots of the seedlings in the pit; S5, starting the second servo motor (31), the second servo motor (31) drives the cutters (15) in each cutter mechanism to partially rotate and move up and down, the cutters (15) point to the inner middle part of the retaining ring (9), and the cutters (15) cut the soil in the retaining ring (9) when moving up and down, so as to loosen the soil; at the same time, the second servo motor (31) drives the bulldozers (22) in each push mechanism to move toward the middle part of the retaining ring (9), and each bulldozer (22) pushes the loosened soil back into the pit, and the backfilled soil buries the roots of the seedlings.

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