A method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, comprising the following steps: inoculating conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the body of Hepialus armoricanus larvae, and culturing the infected larvae; collecting the appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and judging the growth stage it is in according to the collected images; according to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, retrieving the corresponding environmental instructions to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer cultivation rack area. After inoculating the conidia into the body of Hepialus armoricanus larvae, the present invention conducts artificial cultivation, and uses image acquisition to judge the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, presetting different light control conditions for different growth stages to achieve adaptive light control, providing the best environmental control for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis, and growing Cordyceps sinensis with good morphology and rich nutrients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medicinal edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly to a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. Background Art

[0002] Cordyceps sinensis is a dried complex of the fruiting body and larval corpse of the fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora in the family Clavicipitaceae parasitizing on the larvae of insects in the family Hepialidae. It tonifies the kidney and benefits the lung, stops bleeding and reduces phlegm. It is used for kidney deficiency and essence depletion, impotence and spermatorrhea, soreness of the waist and knees, chronic cough with deficiency asthma, and hemoptysis due to consumptive cough. The growth conditions of natural Cordyceps sinensis are extremely special. Coupled with global climate change, ecological environment destruction, and predatory digging, the wild resources of Cordyceps sinensis are decreasing day by day, and the drug source is in short supply.

[0003] Since the 1970s, the research on artificial breeding of Cordyceps sinensis has been a hot topic in the field of protection and regeneration of traditional Chinese medicine resources. The artificial breeding technology of Cordyceps sinensis mainly collects the conidia of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, and artificially inoculates them to increase the infection rate of Hepialus larvae. Then, the infected larvae are cultivated in a low-altitude indoor environment simulating the plateau environment or in the suitable habitat of Cordyceps sinensis at high altitude to grow the fruiting body to form Cordyceps sinensis.

[0004] After inoculating the larvae with the Cordyceps sinensis strain, there are multiple completely different growth stages, and the environmental requirements for different growth stages are different. However, the existing factory cultivation methods cannot adaptively control the growth of Cordyceps sinensis and cannot meet the optimal environment for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the body of Hepialus larvae, and place them on a multi-layer culture rack for culturing the infected larvae;

[0009] S2. Collect the appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and judge the growth stage it is in according to the collected images;

[0010] S3. Preset the best environmental instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0011] S4. According to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, retrieve the corresponding environmental instructions to control the environmental parameters in the area of the multi-layer culture rack.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, inoculating the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the larvae of Hepialus armoricanus Oberthur includes the following steps:

[0013] S11. Isolate the strain of Hirsutella sinensis from the Cordyceps sinensis sample, conduct pure culture and amplification of the strain to obtain sufficient mycelia, and through slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermenter culture, obtain a bacterial liquid rich in conidia. Mash and filter the mycelia in the bacterial liquid to obtain a spore suspension;

[0014] S12. Collect the pupae of Hepialus armoricanus Oberthur, raise them until they naturally emerge as adults, promote the mating of male and female adults, after successful mating, the female adults lay eggs, collect these eggs and conduct maintenance, and raise the hatched larvae of Hepialus armoricanus Oberthur;

[0015] S13. Use a stainless steel hollow needle or solid needle with a tip diameter less than 0.2 mm to dip the spore suspension obtained in step S11 and inoculate the larvae of Hepialus armoricanus Oberthur.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, a plurality of the multi-layer culture racks are arranged in the biological chamber. The height between layers of each multi-layer culture rack is 15 - 20 cm, the width is 1 - 1.4 m, the length is less than the length of the biological chamber, and the top layer of the multi-layer culture rack is 1 - 1.5 m away from the inner top of the biological chamber.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, the image acquisition includes: a minirhizotron system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high-definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis above the soil.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the minirhizotron system includes: a minirhizotron tube inserted into the soil and a camera. The camera is extended into the minirhizotron tube buried around the root system, and the growth images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil are regularly obtained through the camera.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages:

[0020] Infection stage: The appearance is no different from that of ordinary larvae;

[0021] Mycelial growth stage: The larvae die, the body shape shows swelling or deformation, and a reticular mycelial structure appears on the surface;

[0022] Primordium formation stage of the fruiting body: A yellow or light brown stroma grows from the head of the larvae;

[0023] Fruiting body development stage: The primordium of the fruiting body grows, and the fruiting body extends out, that is, the fruiting body part of Cordyceps sinensis, drills out from the head of the larvae, and stands straight through the soil surface;

[0024] Mature stage: The fruiting body matures and ascospores are formed.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, a recognition model is trained using a deep learning algorithm to recognize different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis according to the collected images.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, according to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis at each growth stage, the environmental instructions in the preset culture area include: light, humidity and temperature. Specifically:

[0027] Infection stage: Light intensity is 200 - 400 lux, 12 h light / 12 h darkness, no ultraviolet irradiation, humidity is 60% - 90%, temperature is 8 - 20 °C;

[0028] Mycelial growth stage: Light intensity is 400 - 600 lux, 12 h light / 12 h darkness, no ultraviolet irradiation, humidity is 70% - 95%, temperature is 10 - 20 °C, keep ventilation;

[0029] Primordium formation stage of fruiting body: Light intensity is 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation is 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity is 70% - 90%, temperature is 15 - 20 °C, keep ventilation;

[0030] Fruiting body development stage: Unidirectional light, light intensity is 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation is 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity is 70% - 90%, temperature is 15 - 20 °C, keep ventilation;

[0031] Mature stage: Light intensity is 400 - 600 lux, 10 h light / 14 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation is 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity is 60% - 80%, temperature is 15 - 20 °C, keep ventilation.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are installed on both side edges of each layer of the culture rack, and the LED light strips and the ultraviolet light strips are arranged side by side; light-shielding curtains are arranged around each layer of the culture rack; the LED light strips and the ultraviolet light strips are inclined towards one side of the culture rack, and the light covers the surface of the culture soil of this layer.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the environmental control includes: temperature, humidity and light control;

[0034] The light control method includes the following steps:

[0035] S41. Determine the light intensity, light time and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0036] S42. Divide the light exposure time into sunlight exposure time and transition time, and equally divide the transition time at both ends of the sunlight exposure time;

[0037] S43. Generate a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunlight exposure time according to the light intensity and the sunlight exposure time. Both the upper limit and the lower limit of the light intensity fluctuation curve are within the light intensity parameter range;

[0038] S44. Generate a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first-stage transition time, and generate a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second-stage transition time, and connect the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve;

[0039] S45. Generate a PWM signal according to the light control curve to control the light intensity and light exposure time of the LED light strip.

[0040] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) The present invention provides a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. After inoculating conidia into the body of Hepialus armoricanus larvae, artificial cultivation is carried out, and image acquisition is used to judge the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, and different light control conditions are preset for different growth stages to achieve adaptive light control, provide the best environmental control for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis, and the grown Cordyceps sinensis has a good morphology and rich nutrients.

[0042] (2) By respectively using the minirhizotron technology and the high-definition camera, the present invention can obtain images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil (infection stage, mycelium growth stage and primordium formation stage) and above the soil (fruiting body development stage and mature stage), and input them into the trained recognition model for automatic recognition of the growth stage, improve the automatic judgment of the growth stage of different regions of Cordyceps sinensis, and provide reliable data support for precise cultivation. Compared with the prior art in which the cultivation conditions are controlled according to the cultivation time nodes, the present invention more precisely provides more suitable cultivation conditions for the current growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, and avoids the problem of mismatch between the cultivation conditions and the growth stage caused by the too fast or too slow growth of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0043] (3) The present invention selects the most suitable light parameters according to its growth stage. In the specific implementation process, the light intensity is converted from a fixed value into a fluctuating curve that changes with time to simulate the progressive change of light in the natural environment. This improvement not only maintains the best light exposure duration and intensity for each growth stage, but also combines the dynamic characteristics of natural light and the precise regulation of scientific light, creating an ideal growth environment for Cordyceps sinensis that conforms to its natural habits and has been finely adjusted.

[0044] (4) Through the setting of the light strip and light direction control in the present invention, the unidirectionality of light can be ensured in each layer of the cultivation area. And through the unidirectional light, the fruiting bodies will grow towards the area with higher light intensity, forming a denser distribution. At the same time, in order to avoid the over-concentration of the fruiting bodies on one side, through light direction control, based on half of the light time, the on / off of the LED light strips on both sides is controlled, that is, light sources with different reflectivities are used to ensure the uniform distribution of the fruiting bodies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a diagram of a method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the body of Hepialus armoricanus larvae, and place them in the shelf cultivation area for culturing the infected larvae.

[0051] S2. Collect the appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and judge the growth stage it is in according to the collected images.

[0052] S3. Preset the optimal environment instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0053] S4. According to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, retrieve the corresponding environment instructions to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer cultivation rack area.

[0054] The present invention provides a method for industrialized cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis. After inoculating conidia into the larvae of Hepialus armoricanus, artificial cultivation is carried out, and image acquisition is used to judge the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis. Different light control conditions are preset for different growth stages to achieve adaptive light control, provide the best environmental control for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis, and the grown Cordyceps sinensis has good morphology and rich nutrients.

[0055] The following is a detailed description of each step.

[0056] In step S1, first obtain the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis, then inoculate the conidia into the larvae of Hepialus armoricanus, and then cultivate the infected larvae, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] S11. Strain collection and preparation of spore suspension: Isolate the pure strain of Hirsutella sinensis from high-quality wild Cordyceps sinensis samples and ensure that the selected strain is pollution-free and has good growth characteristics; then, use PDA medium to carry out pure culture and amplification of the strain for 10 - 30 days at 10 - 20 °C and a pH value of about 6.5 until sufficient mycelium is obtained for subsequent inoculation.

[0058] Furthermore, the amplified high-quality strain is stored for a long time through cryogenic freeze-drying or liquid nitrogen preservation technology for subsequent use.

[0059] According to the strain of Hirsutella sinensis obtained through the above steps, after slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermenter culture, a bacterial liquid rich in conidia is obtained. The mycelium in the bacterial liquid is mashed and filtered through a 50 - 100 mesh filter screen to obtain a suspension containing a large number of spores.

[0060] S12. Preparation of Hepialus armoricanus larvae: Collect the pupae of Hepialus armoricanus that have not been affected by diseases or parasitism, place the collected pupae in a special maintenance bed, control the temperature of the maintenance environment between 10 - 18 °C, keep the relative humidity at 70 - 95%, and install a temperature and humidity detector to monitor the environmental parameters. After 30 - 60 days of maintenance, the pupae will naturally emerge into adults, transfer them to a mating tent to promote the mating of male and female adults. After successful mating, the female adult will start to lay eggs, collect these egg grains and carry out maintenance in an appropriate hatching container until the larvae hatch.

[0061] Furthermore, the larvae are raised in an environment with a temperature of 8 - 20 °C, a humidity of 60 - 90%, and kept in a dark or slightly illuminated condition. The food of Hepialus armoricanus is sorghum, carrots and potatoes, or a formulated feed artificially prepared with 50 grams of wheat bran, 10 grams of potato starch, 25 grams of defatted soybean powder, 20 grams of dried mulberry leaf powder, 5 grams of sucrose, 0.1 gram of aureomycin, 0.3 gram of sorbic acid, 1.5 grams of ascorbic acid, and 250 milliliters of distilled water in proportion to ensure the healthy growth of the larvae.

[0062] Furthermore, the maintenance bed is made of breathable materials (such as mesh cloth or gauze), which can both ventilate and prevent natural enemies from entering.

[0063] Furthermore, the volume of the mating tent is 1 - 6 cubic meters.

[0064] S13. Conidia inoculation: Use a stainless - steel hollow needle or solid needle with a tip diameter less than 0.2 mm to dip into the spore suspension in step S11 and precisely inoculate the Hepialus armoricanus larvae. It is preferred to prick the tails of the larvae because less body fluid flows out here, which helps reduce the mortality rate and improve the infection efficiency. This method can break through the epidermal barrier, enabling a large number of spores to directly enter the larvae, thus significantly increasing the infection rate and stroma - forming rate.

[0065] S14. Cultivation of infected larvae:

[0066] Use a biological chamber / culture chamber, which is equipped with several multi - layer culture racks. The height between layers is 15 - 20 cm, the width is 1 - 1.4 m, and the length is less than the length of the chamber body. The top layer of the multi - layer culture rack is 1 - 1.5 m away from the inner top of the chamber body. There is a 0.8 - meter - wide passage between each culture rack, which is convenient for staff to observe the growth status of Cordyceps sinensis and for daily management and maintenance.

[0067] The culture soil consists of: 50 Kg of river sand, 30 Kg of garden soil, 10 Kg of yellow clay loose soil, and 10 Kg of artificial compound feed, which are mixed and stirred in proportion. Adjust the pH value of the culture soil to 6 - 7 and the humidity to 40 - 60%.

[0068] Fill the processed culture soil onto each layer of the culture rack with a filling thickness of 8 cm and make it into a ridge shape for the convenience of larval movement.

[0069] Place 150 - 200 infected larvae per square meter, and let them naturally start feeding on the surface of the soil ridge and gradually burrow into the soil. Gently cover a layer of leaves or a film above the soil ridge, which can both maintain an appropriate humidity and prevent external interference.

[0070] Furthermore, the management of the environmental conditions in the biological chamber includes: temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation management.

[0071] In step S2, the image acquisition includes: a minirhizotron system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high - definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis above the soil. Specifically:

[0072] Under the soil: Use a minirhizotron system, including: a minirhizotron tube inserted into the soil and a camera. Insert the camera into the minirhizotron tube (transparent tube) buried around the roots, and regularly obtain the growth images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil through the camera.

[0073] On the soil: Several high-definition cameras are installed above the cultivation area to regularly obtain images of Cordyceps sinensis growing out of the soil.

[0074] Furthermore, the acquired images are preprocessed, including cropping, calibration, and filtering, to remove the influence of noise, enhance morphological details, and color information.

[0075] It should be noted that Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages:

[0076] Infection stage: It looks no different from an ordinary larva. In the infected larva at this stage, the hyphae are in a latent state and grow adaptively.

[0077] Hyphal growth stage: The larva dies, its body shape expands or deforms, and a reticular hyphal structure appears on the surface. In this stage, the hyphae grow and reproduce in the larva until it is completely occupied by the mycelium.

[0078] Primordium formation stage of the fruiting body: A yellow or light brown stroma grows out of the larva's head.

[0079] Fruiting body development stage: The primordium of the fruiting body grows, and the fruiting body, that is, the fruiting body part of Cordyceps sinensis, extends out, drills out of the larva's head, and stands upright through the soil surface.

[0080] Mature stage: The fruiting body matures and forms ascospores.

[0081] Furthermore, a deep learning algorithm is used to train an identification model to identify different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis based on the collected images.

[0082] The training process of the identification model includes the following steps:

[0083] S21. Collect a large number of images of Cordyceps sinensis at different growth stages, including those under the soil and on the soil, preprocess these images, and then assign accurate labels to each image to identify the growth stage it belongs to (infection stage, hyphal growth stage, primordium formation stage of the fruiting body, fruiting body development stage, mature stage), and summarize and construct an image dataset.

[0084] S22. Randomly divide the image dataset according to a certain ratio (such as 70% training set, 15% validation set, 15% test set) to ensure that the sample distribution in each set is uniform and covers all growth stages.

[0085] S23. Use the training set to train the CNN model to output the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in the image, use the validation set and the test set respectively to verify the performance of the trained CNN model, and calculate the accuracy, recall rate, and F1 score of the CNN model for performance evaluation and iterative optimization.

[0086] Through the above steps, a recognition model for automatically determining the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis can be proposed (the specific training process is prior art and will not be elaborated here). This not only improves work efficiency but also provides technical support for the precise cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0087] In the present invention, by using the minirhizotron technique and high-definition cameras respectively, images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil (infection stage, mycelial growth stage, and primordium formation stage) and above the soil (fruiting body development stage and mature stage) can be obtained, and these images are input into the trained recognition model for automatic recognition of the growth stage, improving the automatic determination of the growth stage in different regions of Cordyceps sinensis and providing reliable data support for precise cultivation. Compared with the prior art where the cultivation conditions are controlled according to the time nodes of cultivation, the present invention more precisely provides cultivation conditions suitable for the current growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, avoiding the problem of mismatch between cultivation conditions and growth stage caused by too fast or too slow growth of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0088] In step S3, the optimal environmental instructions are preset for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0089] According to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis in each growth stage, the environmental instructions preset in the cultivation area include: light, humidity, and temperature. Specifically:

[0090] Infection stage: light intensity 200 - 400 lux, 12 h light / 12 h darkness, no ultraviolet irradiation, humidity 60% - 90%, temperature 8 - 20 °C. The light is kept at a low level in this stage to avoid overstimulating the growth of larvae or mycelia.

[0091] Mycelial growth stage: light intensity 400 - 600 lux, 12 h light / 12 h darkness, no ultraviolet irradiation, humidity 70% - 95%, temperature 10 - 20 °C, keep ventilation.

[0092] Primordium formation stage: light intensity 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity 70% - 90%, temperature 15 - 20 °C, keep ventilation. Increasing the light intensity and prolonging the light time help to increase light accumulation and promote the formation of fruiting bodies, and ultraviolet irradiation can promote the maturation of fruiting body primordia, enhance their structural stability, and slow down their growth rate.

[0093] Fruiting body development stage: Unidirectional light, light intensity 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity 70% - 90%, temperature 15 - 20 °C, maintain ventilation. The fruiting body grows relatively fast at this stage. Appropriate light conditions ensure its healthy development. By controlling the light direction, the fruiting body will grow towards the area with higher light intensity, forming a denser distribution.

[0094] Mature stage: Light intensity 400 - 600 lux, 10 h light / 14 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 2 - 3 times a day, 1 min each time, humidity 60% - 80%, temperature 15 - 20 °C, maintain ventilation. At this stage, the light intensity and time are reduced, the growth rate of the fruiting body is slowed down, and its development time is extended to help the fruiting body mature and the formation of ascospores. Maintaining ultraviolet irradiation enhances the stress resistance of the fruiting body and further promotes the formation of ascospores.

[0095] It should be noted that the use of ultraviolet irradiation.

[0096] In step S4, according to the judgment result of the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis in step S2, the corresponding environmental instructions are retrieved, and the temperature, humidity, and light control in the multi-layer cultivation rack area are controlled to achieve precise cultivation environment control of Cordyceps sinensis.

[0097] Furthermore, install LED and ultraviolet light strips at both edges of each layer of the cultivation rack. The LED light strip and the ultraviolet light strip are arranged side by side. At the same time, light-shielding curtains are provided around each layer of the cultivation rack. Each layer of each cultivation rack is separated from other cultivation racks and other layers to avoid the mixing of light sources, making the light control of each layer of the cultivation rack consistent.

[0098] Furthermore, the LED light strip and the ultraviolet light strip are inclined towards one side of the cultivation rack, and the light covers the surface of the cultivation soil of this layer. The specific inclination angle is specifically set according to the height and width of the cultivation rack layer.

[0099] Furthermore, the light control method includes the following steps:

[0100] S41. Determine the light intensity, light time, and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis;

[0101] S42. Divide the light time into sunshine time and connection time. The connection time is equally divided at both ends of the sunshine time and is 30 - 60 min;

[0102] S43. Generate a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time according to the light intensity and sunshine time. The upper and lower limits of the light intensity fluctuation curve are within the light intensity parameter range; the peak size on the light intensity fluctuation curve is random;

[0103] S44. Generate a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the front connection time (simulating the gradual increase in light intensity at sunrise), generate a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the back connection time (simulating the gradual decrease in light intensity at sunset), and connect the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve;

[0104] S45. Generate a PWM signal according to the light control curve to control the light intensity and light time of the LED light strip. The duty cycle of the PWM signal will change according to the change of the light control curve to achieve precise light intensity control.

[0105] It should be noted that when light direction control is not required, the LED light strips on both sides are turned on at the same time; when light direction control is required, based on half of the light time, the light control curve is divided into two sections, and PWM signals for controlling the LED light strips on both sides are generated respectively.

[0106] It should be noted that for the light intensity fluctuation curve during the sunshine time and the two end curves during the connection time, the beta distribution is used to generate light intensity data that conforms to its specific probability distribution (upper and lower limits and time length). Preferably, the betarnd function in MATLAB is used to generate random numbers that conform to the beta distribution. These random numbers represent the light intensity, and the change curve of the light intensity over time is drawn.

[0107] Through the setting of the light strip and light direction control, the present invention can ensure the unidirectionality of light in each cultivation area. And through the unidirectional light, the fruiting bodies will grow towards the area with higher light intensity, forming a denser distribution. At the same time, in order to avoid the fruiting bodies being overly concentrated on one side, through light direction control, based on half of the light time, the on / off of the LED light strips on both sides is controlled, that is, light sources in different directions, to ensure the uniform distribution of the fruiting bodies.

[0108] The present invention further optimizes the light cultivation method of Cordyceps sinensis. First, the most suitable light parameters are selected according to its growth stage. In the specific implementation process, the light intensity is converted from a fixed value to a fluctuating curve that changes with time to simulate the progressive change of light in the natural environment. This improvement not only maintains the optimal light duration and intensity at each growth stage, but also combines the dynamic characteristics of natural light and the precise regulation of scientific light, creating an ideal growth environment that conforms to its natural habits and is finely adjusted for Cordyceps sinensis.

[0109] By introducing a gradual change in light conditions, it is possible to more precisely mimic the changing patterns of natural light in the wild. This not only helps to maintain or increase the content of natural active ingredients in Cordyceps sinensis, but also promotes the enhancement of its ecological adaptability and stress resistance. Especially during the alternation of light and darkness, the light intensity also gradually transitions, ensuring the natural flow of the circadian rhythm. Such a design has a positive impact on the physiological processes of Cordyceps sinensis (such as metabolic activities and fruiting body development) and may regulate its seasonal biological clock, thereby optimizing the reproductive cycle and product quality.

[0110] In summary, the present invention provides a more realistic light simulation scheme, aiming to maximize the growth potential and medicinal value of Cordyceps sinensis, while also providing valuable data support for related scientific research.

[0111] Next, an experiment on light control was conducted on Cordyceps sinensis of the same cultivation batch, and all of these Cordyceps sinensis were in the stage of fruiting body primordium formation.

[0112] This batch of Cordyceps sinensis was evenly divided into four parts, hereinafter referred to as sample 1, sample 2, sample 3, and sample 4, which were cultivated on different cultivation racks and given different light control conditions. The remaining control conditions, including soil, temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and ventilation conditions, were all the same.

[0113] Light control conditions:

[0114] Sample 1: During the stage of fruiting body primordium formation (light intensity 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time), during the stage of fruiting body development (unidirectional light, light intensity 600 - 800 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time), during the mature stage (light intensity 400 - 600 lux, 10 h light / 14 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time). The light control time for each stage was divided into 30 min transition time + sunshine time + 30 min transition time. According to the light intensity and sunshine time of each stage, a light intensity fluctuation curve was generated during the sunshine time. A curve that gradually increases from 0 was generated in the first transition time, and a curve that gradually decreases to 0 was generated in the second transition time. Then, the two curves were connected to the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve. Next, a PWM signal was generated to control the light intensity and light time of the LED strip. During the stage of fruiting body development, based on half of the light time, the light control curve was divided into two sections, and PWM signals for controlling the LED strips on both sides were respectively generated.

[0115] Sample 2: During the fruiting body primordium formation stage (light intensity 600 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time), during the fruiting body development stage (unidirectional light, light intensity 750 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time), and during the mature stage (light intensity 500 lux, 10 h light / 14 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time). During the fruiting body development stage, divide the light time into two equal parts to generate the light for controlling the LED light strips on both sides respectively.

[0116] Sample 3: Light intensity 600 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time. The light control time is divided into 30 min connection time + sunshine time + 30 min connection time. According to the light intensity and sunshine time, generate the light intensity fluctuation curve during the sunshine time. Generate a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first connection time and a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second connection time, and connect the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve. Then generate a PWM signal to control the light intensity and light time of the LED light strip.

[0117] Sample 4: Light intensity 600 lux, 14 h light / 10 h darkness, ultraviolet irradiation 3 times a day, 1 min each time.

[0118] After the Cordyceps sinensis in the four sample areas are all mature, record the maturity time, appearance performance, and nutrient detection as shown in Table 1 below.

[0119] Table 1 Experimental results of light control

[0120]

[0121] It can be seen from Table 1 that the performances of Sample 1 and Sample 2 are the best. Among them, Sample 1 not only selects the most suitable light parameters according to its growth stage, but also adopts a gradual light intensity change curve and segmented PWM signal control, with the shortest maturity time, the best appearance performance, and relatively high active ingredient content.

[0122] Based on the ideal embodiments of the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant personnel can completely make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Inoculate the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis into the bat moth larvae, and place the larvae on a multi-layer culture rack to culture the infected larvae; Wherein, LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are installed on the two side edges of each layer of the culture rack, and the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are arranged side by side; each layer of the culture rack is provided with a shading curtain around it; the LED light strips and ultraviolet light strips are tilted toward one side of the culture rack, and the light covers the surface of the culture soil of this layer; S2, collecting appearance images of Cordyceps sinensis, and determining its growth stage based on the collected images; S3, preset the optimal environment instructions for each growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis; S4, according to the real-time growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis, calling corresponding environmental instructions to control the environmental parameters of the multi-layer culture rack area; In said S4, the environmental control includes: temperature, humidity and light control; The illumination control method comprises the following steps: S41. Determine the light intensity, light duration and light direction parameters according to the growth stage of Cordyceps sinensis; S42, dividing the illumination time into the sunshine time and the connection time, wherein the connection time is equally divided at both ends of the sunshine time; S43, generating a light intensity fluctuation curve within the sunshine time according to the light intensity and sunshine time, wherein the upper limit and the lower limit of the light intensity fluctuation curve are both within the light intensity parameter range; S44, generating a curve that gradually increases from 0 during the first connection time, generating a curve that gradually decreases to 0 during the second connection time, and connecting the two curves with the light intensity fluctuation curve to form a complete light control curve; S45. Generate a PWM signal according to the illumination control curve to control the illumination intensity and illumination time of the LED light strip.

2. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the conidia of Cordyceps sinensis are inoculated into the bat moth larvae, comprising the following steps: S11, isolating the Chinese Hirsutella serrata strain from the Cordyceps sinensis sample, performing pure culture and amplification of the strain to obtain sufficient mycelium, and obtaining a bacterial liquid rich in conidia through slant culture, liquid shaking culture and seed fermentation tank culture, crushing the mycelium in the bacterial liquid and filtering it to obtain a spore suspension; S12, collecting bat moth pupae, maintaining them until they naturally emerge as adults, promoting mating between male and female adults, causing successful mating of female adults, and collecting and maintaining the eggs to raise hatched bat moth larvae; S13. Use a stainless steel hollow needle or solid needle with a needle tip diameter of less than 0.2 mm to dip into the spore suspension of step S11 and inoculate the bat moth larvae.

3. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, several multi-layer culture racks are arranged in the biological cabin, each of which has an inter-layer height of 15-20 cm, a width of 1-1.4 m, and a length less than the length of the biological cabin, and the top layer of the multi-layer culture rack is 1-1.5 m away from the top of the biological cabin.

4. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In said S2, the image acquisition includes: a micro-root window system for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil and a high-definition camera for acquiring images of Cordyceps sinensis on the soil.

5. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro-root window system comprises: a micro-root window tube inserted into the soil and a camera. The camera is inserted into the micro-root window tube buried around the root system, and the growth image of Cordyceps sinensis under the soil is regularly obtained through the camera.

6. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, Cordyceps sinensis is divided into five growth stages: Infectious stage: The appearance is no different from ordinary larvae; Mycelium growth stage: the larvae die, their bodies swell or deform, and a mesh-like mycelium structure appears on the surface; Fruiting body primordium formation stage: a yellow or light brown fungus seat grows on the larva’s head; Fruiting body development stage: The fruiting body primordium grows and stretches out the fruiting body, which is the fruit part of Cordyceps sinensis, and drills out from the head of the larvae and breaks through the soil surface straightly; Maturity stage: The fruiting body matures and forms ascospores.

7. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a deep learning algorithm is used to train a recognition model to identify different growth stages of Cordyceps sinensis based on the collected images.

8. The method for industrial cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, according to the characteristics of Cordyceps sinensis at various growth stages, the environmental instructions in the culture area are preset to include: light, humidity and temperature, specifically: Infection stage: light intensity 200-400 lux, 12h light / 12h dark, no UV radiation, humidity 60%-90%, temperature 8-20℃; Mycelium growth stage: light intensity 400-600 lux, 12 hours light / 12 hours dark, no ultraviolet radiation, humidity 70%-95%, temperature 10-20℃, maintain ventilation; Fruiting body primordium formation stage: light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation; Fruiting body development stage: unidirectional lighting, light intensity 600-800 lux, 14h light / 10h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 70%-90%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation; Maturity stage: light intensity 400-600lux, 10h light / 14h dark, ultraviolet irradiation 2-3 times / day, 1min each time, humidity 60%-80%, temperature 15-20℃, maintain ventilation.

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