Method for improving drought resistance and water conservation of wheat

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for improving drought resistance and water conservation of wheat. Comprising the following steps: S1, soaking wheat seeds in a nanoparticle solution for 4 hours, then disinfecting with HgCl2, putting into a culture dish paved with wet filter paper, putting into a dark incubator at 25 DEG C, accelerating germination for 3 days, and transferring into an illumination incubator for culturing; s2, wheat seedlings with consistent growth vigor are selected and transplanted into a container containing a nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is replaced once every three days; s3, when the seedlings grow to have two leaves and one core, the seedlings are transferred into a nutrient solution containing propionic acid to be cultured. According to the invention, the influence of different nanoparticles and organic acids on drought resistance in the wheat seedling stage is studied, and the research finds that common use of the CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticles and propionic acid has significant influence on the drought resistance in the wheat seedling stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of planting technology, and in particular to a method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat. Background Art

[0002] Drought has become a pervasive global challenge, the severity of which is exacerbated by water scarcity, uneven geographical distribution, and pollution and waste.

[0003] Wheat is a key crop in food production and is widely planted, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. The stability and high yield of wheat have a decisive impact on national food security and the improvement of crop quality. Among many adverse factors, drought is the main obstacle to wheat growth and yield increase. Due to the frequent occurrence of drought, the plant's own physiological response is no longer sufficient to cope with drought stress. At present, the study of the effects of exogenous substances on wheat drought resistance and its physiological mechanisms has become a key research direction in the field of crop stress physiology.

[0004] As a kind of organic acid, exogenous propionic acid and butyric acid can alleviate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on wheat growth and development and promote the growth and development of wheat seedlings. Nanoparticles have the potential to improve the growth and yield of wheat crops, such as Ag nanoparticles, MgO nanoparticles, Cu nanoparticles, and Fe nanoparticles, but current research only focuses on single-factor research, and there are few reports on the synergistic effects between nanoparticles and organic acids. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for improving drought resistance and water conservation in wheat comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: soaking wheat seeds in the nanoparticle solution for 4 hours, sterilizing them with HgCl2, placing them in a culture dish covered with moist filter paper, germinating them in a dark incubator at 25°C for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator for culturing;

[0009] Step S2: Select wheat seedlings with uniform growth and transplant them into a container containing nutrient solution, and replace the nutrient solution every 3 days;

[0010] Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, they are transferred to a nutrient solution containing propionic acid for cultivation.

[0011] Furthermore, the nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticle solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from a CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from a Cu nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

[0014] Furthermore, the nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from a ZnO nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

[0015] Furthermore, the light intensity during the culture in the light incubator is 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , day and night temperatures are 25℃ and 20℃ respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the composition of the nutrient solution in step S2 is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μMH3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

[0017] Furthermore, the composition of the nutrient solution containing propionic acid in step S3 is:

[0018] 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mMMgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 0.25 mM propionic acid.

[0019] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the concentration of HgCl2 in the HgCl2 disinfection in step S1 is 0.05% w / w.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present invention studies the effects of different nanoparticles and organic acids on drought resistance of wheat seedlings, and through research it is found that the combined use of CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticles and propionic acid has a significant effect on drought resistance of wheat seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] In the present invention, the CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticles were purchased from Sigma, with the item number 641650, and the particle size was less than or equal to 100 nm; the Cu nanoparticles were purchased from Sigma, with the item number 774103, and the particle size was 60-80 nm; the ZnO nanoparticles were purchased from Sigma, with the item number 544906, and the particle size was less than or equal to 100 nm. The wheat seeds were selected from Xindong No. 60.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Step S1, selecting wheat seeds with full grains and uniform size, disinfecting them with a 0.05% (w / w) HgCl2 aqueous solution for 20 minutes, then soaking them in a 25 mg / L CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticle aqueous solution for 4 hours, then washing them with distilled water for 3 times, absorbing the water, placing them in a culture dish covered with 3 layers of moist filter paper, placing them in a dark incubator at 25°C for germination for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator with a light intensity of 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The day and night temperatures are 25°C and 20°C respectively;

[0025] Step S2, select wheat seedlings with consistent growth and transplant them into a container containing Hoagland nutrient solution, and replace the Hoagland nutrient solution every 3 days. The formula of the Hoagland nutrient solution is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mMMgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μMFeCl3, 25μMH3BO3, 2μMZnSO4, 0.5μMCuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

[0026] Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, simulate drought treatment is carried out and the seedlings are cultured in simulated drought nutrient solution for 3 days.

[0027] The formula of the nutrient solution is 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM NnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 15% PEG-6000, 0.25 mM propionic acid.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Step S1, selecting wheat seeds with full grains and uniform size, disinfecting them with a 0.05% (w / w) HgCl2 aqueous solution for 20 minutes, then soaking them in a 25 mg / L Cu nanoparticle aqueous solution for 4 hours, then washing them with distilled water for 3 times, absorbing the water, placing them in a culture dish covered with 3 layers of moist filter paper, placing them in a dark incubator at 25°C for germination for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator with a light intensity of 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The day and night temperatures are 25°C and 20°C respectively;

[0030] Step S2, select wheat seedlings with consistent growth and transplant them into a container containing Hoagland nutrient solution, and replace the Hoagland nutrient solution every 3 days. The formula of the Hoagland nutrient solution is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mMMgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μMFeCl3, 25μMH3BO3, 2μMZnSO4, 0.5μMCuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

[0031] Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, simulate drought treatment is carried out and the seedlings are cultured in simulated drought nutrient solution for 3 days.

[0032] The formula of the nutrient solution is 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM NnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 15% PEG-6000, 0.25 mM propionic acid.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] Step S1, selecting wheat seeds with full grains and uniform size, disinfecting them with a 0.05% (w / w) HgCl2 aqueous solution for 20 minutes, then soaking them in a 25 mg / L ZnO nanoparticle aqueous solution for 4 hours, then washing them with distilled water for 3 times, absorbing the water, placing them in a culture dish covered with 3 layers of moist filter paper, placing them in a dark incubator at 25°C for germination for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator with a light intensity of 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The day and night temperatures are 25°C and 20°C respectively;

[0035] Step S2, select wheat seedlings with consistent growth and transplant them into a container containing Hoagland nutrient solution, and replace the Hoagland nutrient solution every 3 days. The formula of the Hoagland nutrient solution is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mMMgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μMFeCl3, 25μMH3BO3, 2μMZnSO4, 0.5μMCuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

[0036] Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, simulate drought treatment is carried out and the seedlings are cultured in simulated drought nutrient solution for 3 days.

[0037] The formula of the nutrient solution is 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 15% PEG-6000, 0.25 mM propionic acid.

[0038] Comparative Example 1

[0039] Step S1, selecting wheat seeds with full grains and uniform size, disinfecting them with a 0.05% (w / w) HgCl2 aqueous solution for 20 min, then washing them with distilled water for 3 times, absorbing the water, placing them in a culture dish covered with 3 layers of moist filter paper, placing them in a dark incubator at 25°C for germination for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator with a light intensity of 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 The day and night temperatures are 25°C and 20°C respectively;

[0040] Step S2, select wheat seedlings with consistent growth and transplant them into a container containing Hoagland nutrient solution, and replace the Hoagland nutrient solution every 3 days. The formula of the Hoagland nutrient solution is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mMMgSO4, 2μM MnCl2, 30μMFeCl3, 25μMH3BO3, 2μMZnSO4, 0.5μMCuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

[0041] Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, simulate drought treatment is carried out and the seedlings are cultured in simulated drought nutrient solution for 3 days.

[0042] The formula of the nutrient solution is 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM NnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 15% PEG-6000, 0.25 mM propionic acid.

[0043] Test Example 1

[0044] The method for determining the chlorophyll content is as follows: select wheat plants with consistent growth and take 0.2g of fresh wheat leaves, wipe off the impurities on the surface of the tissue, cut into pieces, put into a 25mL brown volumetric flask, dilute to 25mL with 25mL 95% ethanol, store in a sealed place away from light, and after the leaves turn completely white, pour the chlorophyll extract into a cuvette with a light path of 1cm, use 95% ethanol as a blank control, and measure the absorbance at wavelengths of 665nm and 649nm. Chlorophyll a concentration (mg·L-1) Ca=13.95A 665 -6.8A 649 , Chlorophyll b concentration (mg·L -1 )Cb=24.96A 649 -7.32A 665 , and then converted into chlorophyll content (mg g -1 ):Chlorophyll content = (pigment concentration (mg·L -1 )×extraction volume×dilution factor) / sample dry weight.

[0045] The proline content was determined by the acidic ninhydrin colorimetric method. Weigh 0.2g of wheat leaves and place them in a mortar. Grind them into a homogenate with a total of 4mL of 80% ethanol. Transfer the homogenate into a large test tube and rinse the mortar with the remaining 80% ethanol. Cover the test tube and extract in the dark for 1h. Filter the extract, add 1g of artificial zeolite and oscillate for 15min. Centrifuge at 3000r·min-1 for 5min at room temperature. Take 2mL of the supernatant, add 2mL of glacial acetic acid and 2mL of ninhydrin solution in a large test tube, mix thoroughly, boil in a boiling water bath for 20min, and measure the optical density at 515nm after cooling. The proline content (ug / g) in the sample to be tested is found out through the standard curve.

[0046] Root Length and Plant Height 20 wheat seedlings with the same growth potential in each embodiment and comparative example were selected, washed with clean water, dried with absorbent paper, and the root length and plant height were measured with a ruler.

[0047] Table 1 Indoor test

[0048]

[0049] As can be seen from Table 1, under the drought stress caused by PEG, the root length and plant height of Example 1 were significantly increased compared with Comparative Example 1, while there were no obvious changes in Examples 2 and 3. The chlorophyll content in Example 1 was also the highest, which alleviated the decomposition of chlorophyll in wheat leaves under drought stress, and the proline content was also significantly reduced, which alleviated the damage caused by drought to wheat seedlings.

[0050] Test Example 2 Field Test

[0051] The wheat seedlings obtained in step S1 of each embodiment and comparative example were transplanted to the test plot, and the soil organic matter of the test plot was 9.5g / Kg, total nitrogen was 0.63g / kg, available phosphorus was 34.3mg / kg, and available potassium was 87.5mg / kg. The test adopted a split plot design, and after the flowering period, propionic acid was sprayed, and the propionic acid concentration was 0.25mM. The spraying should be uniform without dripping. Theoretical yield (kg / 0.067 hectare) = 0.067 hectare number of ears (number of ears per mu) × number of ears × thousand-grain weight (grams) / 1000×1000. Among them, the final yield of seeds treated in Example 1 was 5249.32kg / hm 2 , Example 2 is 5034.18 kg / hm 2 , Example 3 is 5029.54 kg / hm 2 , Comparative Example 1 is 5007.24kg / hm 2 .

Claims

1. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: soaking wheat seeds in the nanoparticle solution for 4 hours, sterilizing them with HgCl2, placing them in a culture dish covered with moist filter paper, germinating them in a dark incubator at 25°C for 3 days, and then transferring them to a light incubator for culturing; Step S2: Select wheat seedlings with uniform growth and transplant them into a container containing nutrient solution, and replace the nutrient solution every 3 days; Step S3: When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart, they are transferred to a nutrient solution containing propionic acid for cultivation.

2. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticle solution.

3. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from CuZnFe2O4 nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

4. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from a Cu nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

5. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanoparticle solution in step S1 is selected from a ZnO nanoparticle solution with a concentration of 25 mg / L.

6. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity during the culture in the light incubator is 300 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 , day and night temperatures are 25℃ and 20℃ respectively.

7. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition of the nutrient solution in step S2 is: 2mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75mM K2SO4, 0.25mM KH2PO4, 0.65mM MgSO4, 2μM NnCl2, 30μM FeCl3, 25μM H3BO3, 2μM ZnSO4, 0.5μM CuSO4, 0.1μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 .

8. A method for improving drought resistance and water conservation in wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition of the nutrient solution containing propionic acid in step S3 is: 2 mM Ca(NO3)2, 0.75 mM K2SO4, 0.25 mM KH2PO4, 0.65 mM MgSO4, 2 μM MnCl2, 30 μM FeCl3, 25 μM H3BO3, 2 μM ZnSO4, 0.5 μM CuSO4, 0.1 μM ((NH4)6Mo7O 24 , 0.25 mM propionic acid.

9. A method for improving drought resistance and water saving of wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of HgCl2 in the HgCl2 disinfection in step S1 is 0.05% w / w.

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