A dust treatment method and system for ore crushing processing

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of dust treatment, in particular to a dust treatment method and system for ore crushing processing, which comprises a wind pipe arranged on the top of a base, a fan arranged in the wind pipe for making the gas in the wind pipe flow, and a spraying mechanism for forming water source outside into mist and spraying, when the airflow passes through the spraying mechanism, the airflow drives the mist droplets to flow to the end of the wind pipe, in the dust treatment method and system for ore crushing processing, the flow rate of the gas in the wind pipe is adjusted to generate negative pressure in the local part of the wind pipe, the dust around the crusher is sucked into the wind pipe by the negative pressure, the dust in the wind pipe is mixed with the mist droplets to avoid the mist droplets from spreading to the outside, and after mixing, part of the mist droplets is guided to the feed inlet of the crusher by the liquid collecting mechanism to further realize dust reduction of the feed inlet and achieve the utilization of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust treatment technology, and more specifically, to a dust treatment method and system for ore crushing and processing. Background Technology

[0002] Ore refers to rocks containing valuable minerals that are extracted from mines. After being processed through crushing, grinding, and other stages, ore can be used in engineering fields such as metal mines, metallurgical industry, chemical industry, construction industry, railway (highway) construction units, cement industry, and sand and gravel industry.

[0003] After the ore is mined, it first needs to be crushed. Typically, jaw crushers are used as the primary crushing equipment. During the crushing process, the ore generates a large amount of dust, causing environmental pollution. Currently, dust control is mostly achieved using spray equipment, which involves placing sprayers around the crusher to spray water in a mist form to suppress dust.

[0004] However, when water is sprayed in a mist form, the droplets will diffuse around the crusher due to inertia, resulting in droplets being distributed around the crusher. This leads to two problems: firstly, a humid environment around the crusher; and secondly, the sprayed droplets cannot be reused, resulting in a waste of water resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust treatment method and system for ore crushing and processing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one objective of the present invention is to provide a dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing, including an air conveying pipe installed on the top of a base, wherein the air conveying pipe is equipped with a fan for facilitating the flow of gas inside the air conveying pipe, and a spraying mechanism for spraying external water in the form of mist. When the airflow passes through the spraying mechanism, the airflow drives the mist droplets to flow towards the end of the air conveying pipe.

[0007] The air duct is also equipped with a guide component to increase the airflow velocity inside the air duct. The guide component has a conical structure. The air duct is connected to a first suction pipe at one end extending to the feed inlet of the crusher and a second suction pipe at one end extending to the discharge outlet of the crusher at the guide component. When the airflow in the air duct is accelerated by the guide component, a negative pressure chamber is formed on the outer periphery of the guide component. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust around the first and second suction pipes is drawn into the air duct and comes into contact with the mist droplets in the air duct.

[0008] The air duct is equipped with a liquid collection mechanism located in the airflow path. The liquid collection mechanism is used to intercept droplets in the airflow and guide the intercepted droplets to the feed inlet of the crusher.

[0009] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the fan is located at the bottom end of the air duct, the spray mechanism is located above the fan, the guide is located above the spray mechanism, and the liquid collection mechanism is located above the guide.

[0010] The spraying mechanism includes a spray pipe fixedly installed inside the air supply pipe, and a water inlet pipe with one end connected to the spray pipe and the other end passing through the air supply pipe; both the spray pipe and the water inlet pipe have hollow interiors, the top of the spray pipe is connected to an atomizing nozzle, and one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to an external water source.

[0011] The top of the air duct is bent to one side, and the bending direction is towards the path of the ore entering the feed inlet.

[0012] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the guide is a tube with a large bottom diameter and a small top diameter, and the outer wall of the bottom end of the tube is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the air supply pipe; when the airflow in the air supply pipe is discharged through the top of the tube, a negative pressure cavity is formed between the outer ring of the tube and the inner ring of the air supply pipe.

[0013] The connection point between the first intake pipe and the air supply pipe, and the connection point between the second intake pipe and the air supply pipe, are both located inside the negative pressure chamber and are connected to the negative pressure chamber.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the liquid collection mechanism includes a baffle fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct, and a liquid guiding mechanism for guiding the liquid at the baffle to the inlet, wherein:

[0015] The height of the baffle is less than the diameter of the air supply pipe, so that the gas in the air supply pipe can continue to flow through the gap between the baffle and the air supply pipe.

[0016] As a further improvement to this technical solution, multiple baffles are provided. Among the multiple baffles, a portion of the baffles are fixedly installed at the top of the air supply pipe, and another portion of the baffles are fixedly installed at the bottom of the air supply pipe. The two portions of the baffles are staggered, so that a continuous "S"-shaped channel is formed inside the air supply pipe at the baffles.

[0017] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the liquid guiding mechanism includes a liquid storage tank fixedly installed on the side wall of the air supply pipe, and a connecting pipe connecting the top of the liquid storage tank and the air supply pipe is provided to allow the mist droplets on the side wall of the baffle to flow into the liquid storage tank through the connecting pipe.

[0018] The connecting pipe is located on the side of the baffle near the middle of the base;

[0019] The bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to a drain pipe that extends to the inlet.

[0020] As a further improvement to this technical solution, a valve assembly is provided at the drain pipe, which is connected to the negative pressure chamber and is used to control the drain pipe to open or close according to the pressure change at the negative pressure chamber; a control mechanism is provided at the end of the second suction pipe, which closes the second suction pipe when there is no ore at the discharge port, so as to cause a change in the pressure at the negative pressure chamber.

[0021] As a further improvement to this technical solution, a straight pipe is longitudinally installed through the middle of the drain pipe, and a piston pipe is connected to the bottom end of the straight pipe. A piston plate is longitudinally slidably installed inside the piston pipe. A connecting spring is provided between the bottom end of the piston plate and the bottom of the piston pipe to elastically connect the two. A water-blocking column that slides into the straight pipe is fixedly installed at the top end.

[0022] The middle part of the water-blocking column contracts inward and forms a depression. Under normal circumstances, the depression is located at the drain pipe to allow the liquid in the drain pipe to flow normally.

[0023] The bottom end of the piston tube is connected to a gas supply pipe for providing negative pressure to the inside of the piston tube when the second intake pipe is in the closed state.

[0024] One end of the gas delivery pipe is connected to the negative pressure chamber.

[0025] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the control mechanism includes a cover plate rotatably disposed at one end of the second suction pipe, a return spring elastically connecting the cover plate and the second suction pipe, and a receiving plate located below the discharge port fixedly disposed on the side of the cover plate away from the second suction pipe; under normal conditions, the cover plate blocks one end of the second suction pipe.

[0026] The second objective of this invention is to provide a dust treatment method for a dust treatment system used in ore crushing and processing, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. The spraying mechanism sprays external water into the air supply pipe in the form of mist, and the fan blows the mist droplets in the air supply pipe.

[0028] S2. The blown droplets are accelerated by the guides set in the air supply pipe, which creates a negative pressure on the outer periphery of the guides, thereby drawing external dust into the air supply pipe through the first and second suction pipes, where it comes into contact with the droplets in the air supply pipe.

[0029] S3. After the dust comes into contact with the mist droplets, the dust-containing mist droplets collide with the side wall of the baffle, causing the dust-containing mist droplets to stop on the side wall of the baffle. Under the action of gravity, the water and dust flow downward together into the storage tank, and then are discharged to the inlet through the drain pipe.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. In this dust treatment method and system for ore crushing and processing, the flow rate of the gas in the air conveying pipe is adjusted to create a local negative pressure in the air conveying pipe. The negative pressure is used to draw dust from around the crusher into the air conveying pipe, where the dust mixes with the mist droplets, preventing the mist droplets from spreading to the outside. After mixing, a liquid collection mechanism guides some of the mist droplets to the feed inlet of the crusher, further reducing dust at the feed inlet and achieving the utilization of water resources.

[0032] 2. In the dust treatment method and system for ore crushing and processing, since the second suction pipe is located below the discharge port, the control mechanism can control the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber according to the state of the ore crusher, so that when the crusher is not crushing the ore, the water in the storage tank is stopped from flowing, further avoiding the waste of water resources. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air duct of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid guiding mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow state inside the air duct of the present invention.

[0040] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0041] 100. Base; 101. Support; 110. Air duct; 111. Fan; 112. First air intake pipe; 113. Second air intake pipe; 120. Spray mechanism; 121. Spray pipe; 122. Water inlet pipe;

[0042] 130. Flow guide; 131. Negative pressure chamber; 140. Liquid collection mechanism; 141. Baffle;

[0043] 150. Liquid diversion mechanism; 151. Liquid storage tank; 152. Connecting pipe; 153. Drain pipe; 154. Straight pipe; 155. Piston pipe; 156. Water baffle; 157. Piston plate; 158. Recess; 159. Gas delivery pipe;

[0044] 160. Control mechanism; 161. Cover plate; 162. Connecting plate; 163. Connecting shaft; 164. Return spring; 165. Receiving plate; 200. Crusher; 201. Feed inlet; 202. Discharge outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] Please see Figure 1As shown, one of the objectives of this invention is to provide a dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing, including an air duct 110 disposed on the top of a base 100. Specifically, a support 101 (see reference for specific shape) is fixedly disposed on the top of the base 100. Figure 2 The bracket 101 is fixedly connected to the air duct 110, thereby fixing the air duct 110 to the top of the base 100. The air duct 110 is internally equipped with a fan 111 for facilitating airflow within the duct, and a spray mechanism 120 for spraying external water in a mist form. When the airflow passes through the spray mechanism 120, the airflow carries the mist droplets towards the end of the air duct 110. The air duct 110 is also internally equipped with a guide member 130 for increasing the airflow velocity within the duct. The guide member 130 has a conical structure. The air duct 110 is connected at the guide member 130 to a first suction pipe 112 extending one end to the feed inlet 201 of the crusher 200, and another end extending to the crusher 200. The second suction pipe 113 is located at the discharge port 202 of the crusher 200. When the airflow in the air conveying pipe 110 is accelerated by the guide member 130, a negative pressure chamber 131 is formed on the outer periphery of the guide member 130. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust around the first suction pipe 112 and the second suction pipe 113 is sucked into the air conveying pipe 110 and comes into contact with the mist droplets in the air conveying pipe 110. A liquid collection mechanism 140 is provided inside the air conveying pipe 110 on the path of airflow. The liquid collection mechanism 140 is used to intercept the mist droplets in the airflow and guide the intercepted mist droplets to the feed port 201 of the crusher 200.

[0049] In other words, by adjusting the gas flow rate inside the air duct 110, a local negative pressure is generated inside the air duct 110. The negative pressure is used to draw dust around the crusher 200 into the air duct 110, where the dust mixes with the mist droplets, preventing the mist droplets from spreading to the outside. After mixing, a portion of the mist droplets is guided to the feed inlet 201 of the crusher 200 by the liquid collection mechanism 140, further reducing dust at the feed inlet 201 and achieving the utilization of water resources.

[0050] then, Figure 1The specific locations of components such as the fan 111, spray mechanism 120, and guide member 130 are shown in the figure. As shown, the fan 111 is located at the bottom of the air duct 110, the spray mechanism 120 is located above the fan 111, the guide member 130 is located above the spray mechanism 120, and the liquid collection mechanism 140 is located above the guide member 130. The spray mechanism 120 includes a spray pipe 121 fixedly installed inside the air duct 110, and a water inlet pipe 122 connected at one end to the spray pipe 121 and penetrating through the air duct 110 at the other end. Both the spray pipe 121 and the water inlet pipe 122 have hollow interiors. The top of the spray pipe 121 is connected to an atomizing nozzle, and one end of the water inlet pipe 122 is connected to an external water source. When external water enters the spray pipe 121 through the water inlet pipe 122, the atomizing nozzle sprays the water in the spray pipe 121 in an atomized manner, thereby generating mist droplets inside the air duct 110.

[0051] Furthermore, the top end of the air duct 110 is bent to one side, preferably in the direction of the bend towards the path of the ore entering the feed inlet 201. In this way, since a small portion of the droplets are not intercepted by the liquid collection mechanism 140, the droplets discharged through the end of the air duct 110 can be blown toward the ore under the drive of the airflow, pre-humidifying the ore before crushing.

[0052] Figure 3 The specific structure of the guide element 130 is shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the guide element 130 is a tube with a large diameter at the bottom and a small diameter at the top. The outer wall of the bottom end of the tube is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the air supply pipe 110. When the airflow in the air supply pipe 110 is discharged through the top of the tube, a negative pressure cavity 131 is formed between the outer ring of the tube and the inner ring of the air supply pipe 110. Simultaneously, combined with... Figure 7 As shown, the connection point between the first suction pipe 112 and the air supply pipe 110, and the connection point between the second suction pipe 113 and the air supply pipe 110 are both located in the negative pressure chamber 131 and are connected to the negative pressure chamber 131.

[0053] like Figure 4As shown, the liquid collection mechanism 140 includes a baffle 141 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct 110, and a liquid guiding mechanism 150 for guiding the liquid at the baffle 141 to the inlet 201. The height of the baffle 141 is less than the diameter of the air duct 110, allowing gas inside the air duct 110 to continue flowing through the gap between the baffle 141 and the air duct 110. When flowing droplets collide with the baffle 141, the droplets remain on the side wall of the baffle 141, thus blocking the droplets. Furthermore, to improve the droplet interception efficiency, multiple baffles 141 are provided. One portion of the baffles 141 is fixedly installed at the top of the air duct 110, and another portion is fixedly installed at the bottom of the air duct 110. The two portions of baffles 141 are staggered, forming a continuous "S"-shaped channel inside the air duct 110 at the baffles 141.

[0054] The liquid guiding mechanism 150 includes a liquid storage tank 151 fixedly mounted on the side wall of the air duct 110. A connecting pipe 152 is provided between the top of the liquid storage tank 151 and the air duct 110, connecting the two so that droplets on the side wall of the baffle 141 flow into the liquid storage tank 151 through the connecting pipe 152. Specifically, the connecting pipe 152 is located on the side of the baffle 141 near the middle of the base 100. Next, a drain pipe 153 extending to the inlet 201 is connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank 151.

[0055] Working principle:

[0056] Combination Figure 7 As shown, firstly, an external water source is connected to the spray pipe 121, allowing the water to enter the spray mechanism 120 through the spray pipe 121 and be sprayed out through the atomizing nozzle to form mist droplets inside the air supply pipe 110. Next, the fan 111 is started. The fan 111 is driven by a motor. When the motor drives the fan 111 to rotate, the fan 111 blows air into the air supply pipe 110, creating airflow inside the air supply pipe 110. The airflow carries the mist droplets during its flow.

[0057] When airflow passes through the pipe, the diameter of the top of the pipe is smaller than the diameter of its bottom, causing the airflow to accelerate as it passes through the top. According to Bernoulli's principle, an increase in airflow velocity leads to a decrease in pressure, thus forming a negative pressure chamber 131 on the outer periphery of the guide 130. The first suction pipe 112 and the second suction pipe 113, connected to the negative pressure chamber 131, then draw in the dust from the feed inlet 201. The dust enters the air delivery pipe 110 through the first suction pipe 112 and the second suction pipe 113, and comes into contact with the droplets inside the air delivery pipe 110.

[0058] When dust-laden droplets move to baffle 141, they collide with the side wall of baffle 141 and remain there. As the number of droplets on the side wall of baffle 141 increases, they gradually form water. Under the influence of gravity, the water and dust flow downwards together into connecting pipe 152, then into storage tank 151, and finally out through drain pipe 153 to inlet 201, further reducing dust at inlet 201. Meanwhile, the gas in air duct 110 is discharged to the outside through the gap between baffle 141 and air duct 110.

[0059] Furthermore, to prevent water from draining from the drain pipe 153 when there is no ore at the feed inlet 201. Figures 4-6 As shown, a valve assembly is provided at the drain pipe 153, which is connected to the negative pressure chamber 131 and is used to control the opening or closing of the drain pipe 153 according to the pressure change at the negative pressure chamber 131; a control mechanism 160 is provided at the end of the second suction pipe 113. When there is no ore at the discharge port 202, the control mechanism 160 closes the second suction pipe 113 to cause a pressure change at the negative pressure chamber 131.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, a straight pipe 154 is longitudinally inserted through the middle of the drain pipe 153. The bottom end of the straight pipe 154 is connected to a piston pipe 155. A piston plate 157 is longitudinally slidably arranged inside the piston pipe 155. A connecting spring is provided between the bottom end of the piston plate 157 and the bottom of the piston pipe 155 to elastically connect the two. A water-blocking column 156 is fixedly installed at the top end and slides into the straight pipe 154. The middle part of the water-blocking column 156 contracts inward and forms a depression 158. Under normal conditions, the depression 158 is located at the drain pipe 153 to allow the liquid in the drain pipe 153 to flow normally. In addition, the bottom end of the piston pipe 155 is connected to a gas supply pipe 159 for providing negative pressure inside the piston pipe 155 when the second suction pipe 113 is in the closed state.

[0061] In some embodiments, one end of the gas delivery pipe 159 is connected to the first suction pipe 112. Thus, when the negative pressure at the negative pressure chamber 131 increases, the corresponding negative pressure within the first suction pipe 112 also increases. Therefore, the negative pressure within the first suction pipe 112 enters the piston pipe 155 through the gas delivery pipe 159.

[0062] In other embodiments, one end of the gas supply pipe 159 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 131. Thus, when the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 131 increases, the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 131 enters the piston tube 155 through the gas supply pipe 159.

[0063] The control mechanism 160 includes a cover plate 161 rotatably mounted at one end of the second suction pipe 113. A return spring 164 elastically connects the cover plate 161 and the second suction pipe 113. A receiving plate 165 located below the discharge port 202 is fixedly mounted on the side of the cover plate 161 away from the second suction pipe 113. Under normal conditions, the cover plate 161 blocks one end of the second suction pipe 113. Specifically, a connecting plate 162 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of one end of the second suction pipe 113. A connecting shaft 163 rotatably connected to the bottom of the cover plate 161 is fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting plate 162 facing the cover plate 161. One end of the return spring 164 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 162, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover plate 161.

[0064] Working principle:

[0065] When there is no ore in the crusher 200, no ore will fall into the discharge port 202. The receiving plate 165 is located below the discharge port 202. Therefore, in this state, no ore will hit the receiving plate 165. At this time, the return spring 164 will pull the cover plate 161 to the end of the second suction pipe 113 through its own elasticity, thereby blocking the end of the second suction pipe 113. At this time, the second suction pipe 113 cannot draw in external gas, so the negative pressure at the negative pressure chamber 131 will increase. Correspondingly, the negative pressure in the first suction pipe 112 will also increase. Therefore, the negative pressure in the first suction pipe 112 enters the piston pipe 155 through the air supply pipe 159, overcomes the elastic force of the connecting spring, and thus pulls the piston plate 157 in the piston pipe 155, causing the piston plate 157 to move down. When the piston plate 157 moves down, the piston plate 157 drives the water-blocking column 156 to move down. The downward movement of the water-blocking column 156 causes the recess 158 to disengage from the drain pipe 153. At this time, the water-blocking column 156 blocks the drain pipe 153, preventing the water in the drain pipe 153 from being discharged normally.

[0066] When there is ore in the crusher 200, the crushed ore falls from the discharge port 202 and impacts the receiving plate 165, forcing the receiving plate 165 to continuously rotate the cover plate 161 away from the second suction pipe 113, thus opening the second suction pipe 113 and allowing it to draw in outside air. Correspondingly, the negative pressure at the negative pressure chamber 131 will decrease, making it difficult to overcome the elastic force of the connecting spring and preventing the piston plate 157 from being drawn down. At this time, the water in the drain pipe 153 can flow normally through the recess 158, thus watering the ore at the feed port 201.

[0067] As can be seen, since the second suction pipe 113 is located below the discharge port 202, the control mechanism 160 can control the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber 131 according to the state of the ore crusher 200, so that when the crusher 200 is not crushing the ore, the water in the liquid storage tank 151 is stopped from flowing, further avoiding the waste of water resources.

[0068] The second objective of this invention is to provide a dust treatment method for a dust treatment system used in ore crushing and processing, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1. The spray mechanism 120 sprays external water into the air supply pipe 110 in the form of mist, and the fan 111 blows the mist droplets in the air supply pipe 110.

[0070] S2. The blown droplets are accelerated by the guide 130 set in the air supply pipe 110, which generates a negative pressure on the outer periphery of the guide 130, thereby drawing external dust into the air supply pipe 110 through the first suction pipe 112 and the second suction pipe 113, and making it come into contact with the droplets in the air supply pipe 110.

[0071] S3. After the dust comes into contact with the mist droplets, the dust-containing mist droplets collide with the side wall of the baffle 141, causing the dust-containing mist droplets to stop on the side wall of the baffle 141. Under the action of gravity, the water and dust flow downward together into the liquid storage tank 151, and then are discharged to the feed inlet 201 through the drain pipe 153.

[0072] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust control system for ore crushing and processing, comprising an air duct (110) disposed on the top of a base (100), wherein a fan (111) is disposed inside the air duct (110) for facilitating the flow of gas inside the air duct (110), and a spray mechanism (120) for spraying external water in a mist form, wherein when the airflow passes through the spray mechanism (120), the airflow carries the mist droplets toward the end of the air duct (110); characterized in that: The air duct (110) is also provided with a guide (130) for increasing the airflow velocity inside the air duct (110). The guide (130) has a conical structure. The air duct (110) is connected to a first suction pipe (112) at one end extending to the feed inlet (201) of the crusher (200) and a second suction pipe (113) at one end extending to the discharge outlet (202) of the crusher (200). When the airflow in the air duct (110) is accelerated by the guide (130), a negative pressure chamber (131) is formed on the outer periphery of the guide (130). Under the action of negative pressure, the dust around the first suction pipe (112) and the second suction pipe (113) is sucked into the air duct (110) and comes into contact with the mist droplets in the air duct (110). The air duct (110) is equipped with a liquid collection mechanism (140) located on the airflow path. The liquid collection mechanism (140) is used to intercept the mist droplets in the airflow and guide the intercepted mist droplets to the feed inlet (201) of the crusher (200). The liquid collection mechanism (140) includes a baffle (141) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air duct (110), and a liquid guiding mechanism (150) for guiding the liquid at the baffle (141) to the feed inlet (201). The liquid guiding mechanism (150) includes a liquid storage tank (151) fixedly installed on the side wall of the air duct (110), and the bottom of the liquid storage tank (151) is connected to a drain pipe (153) extending to the feed inlet (201). A valve assembly is provided at the drain pipe (153), which is connected to the negative pressure chamber (131) and is used to control the opening or closing of the drain pipe (153) according to the pressure change at the negative pressure chamber (131); a control mechanism (160) is provided at the end of the second suction pipe (113), which closes the second suction pipe (113) when there is no ore at the discharge port (202) so as to cause a change in the pressure at the negative pressure chamber (131); The control mechanism (160) includes a cover plate (161) rotatably disposed at one end of the second suction pipe (113). A return spring (164) elastically connects the cover plate (161) and the second suction pipe (113). A receiving plate (165) located below the discharge port (202) is fixedly disposed on the side of the cover plate (161) away from the second suction pipe (113). Under normal conditions, the cover plate (161) blocks one end of the second suction pipe (113).

2. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan (111) is located at the bottom of the air duct (110), the spray mechanism (120) is located above the fan (111), the guide (130) is located above the spray mechanism (120), and the liquid collection mechanism (140) is located above the guide (130). The spraying mechanism (120) includes a spray pipe (121) fixedly installed inside the air supply pipe (110), and a water inlet pipe (122) with one end connected to the spray pipe (121) and the other end passing through the air supply pipe (110); the interior of the spray pipe (121) and the water inlet pipe (122) are both hollow structures, the top of the spray pipe (121) is connected to an atomizing nozzle, and one end of the water inlet pipe (122) is connected to an external water source; The top of the air duct (110) is bent to one side, and the bending direction is toward the path of the ore entering the feed inlet (201).

3. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide (130) is a tube with a large bottom diameter and a small top diameter. The outer wall of the bottom of the tube is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the air supply pipe (110). When the airflow in the air supply pipe (110) is discharged through the top of the tube, a negative pressure cavity (131) is formed between the outer ring of the tube and the inner ring of the air supply pipe (110). The connection point between the first suction pipe (112) and the air supply pipe (110), and the connection point between the second suction pipe (113) and the air supply pipe (110) are both located in the negative pressure chamber (131) and are connected to the negative pressure chamber (131).

4. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the baffle (141) is less than the diameter of the air duct (110) so that the gas in the air duct (110) can continue to flow through the gap between the baffle (141) and the air duct (110).

5. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple baffles (141) are provided. Among the multiple baffles (141), a portion of the baffles (141) are fixedly installed at the top of the air supply pipe (110), and another portion of the baffles (141) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the air supply pipe (110). The two portions of the baffles (141) are staggered, so that the interior of the air supply pipe (110) at the baffles (141) forms a continuous "S" shaped channel.

6. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (152) is provided between the top of the liquid storage tank (151) and the air supply pipe (110) to connect the two, so that the mist droplets on the side wall of the baffle (141) flow into the liquid storage tank (151) through the connecting pipe (152); The connecting pipe (152) is located on the side of the baffle (141) near the middle of the base (100).

7. The dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A straight pipe (154) is longitudinally installed through the middle of the drain pipe (153). The bottom end of the straight pipe (154) is connected to a piston pipe (155). A piston plate (157) is longitudinally slidably installed inside the piston pipe (155). A connecting spring is provided between the bottom end of the piston plate (157) and the bottom of the piston pipe (155) to elastically connect the two. A water-blocking column (156) is fixedly installed at the top end and slides into the straight pipe (154). The middle part of the water-blocking column (156) contracts inward and forms a depression (158). Under normal conditions, the depression (158) is located at the drain pipe (153) so that the liquid in the drain pipe (153) can flow normally. The bottom end of the piston tube (155) is connected to an air supply pipe (159) for providing negative pressure inside the piston tube (155) when the second air intake pipe (113) is in the closed state. One end of the gas supply pipe (159) is connected to the negative pressure chamber (131).

8. A dust treatment method for a dust treatment system for ore crushing and processing as described in any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that: The methods and steps include the following: S1. The spray mechanism (120) sprays external water into the air supply pipe (110) in the form of mist, and the fan (111) blows the mist droplets in the air supply pipe (110); S2. The blown droplets are accelerated by the guide (130) set in the air supply pipe (110), which generates a negative pressure on the outer periphery of the guide (130), thereby drawing external dust into the air supply pipe (110) through the first suction pipe (112) and the second suction pipe (113) and contacting the droplets in the air supply pipe (110); S3. After the dust comes into contact with the droplets, the dust-containing droplets collide with the side wall of the baffle (141), causing the dust-containing droplets to stop on the side wall of the baffle (141). Under the action of gravity, the water and dust flow downward together into the storage tank (151) and are then discharged to the feed inlet (201) through the drain pipe (153).

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