A household garbage centralized sorting device and a sorting method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of domestic waste centralized sorting device and sorting method, including frame, the frame is equipped with garbage bag screening roller, the right side of the garbage bag screening roller is equipped with feed conveyor, the left side of the garbage bag screening roller is equipped with garbage bag conveyor, the garbage bag screening roller includes cylinder, the circumference of the outer wall of the cylinder is arrayed with the needle group that can be inserted into garbage bag.Through feed conveyor, kitchen waste collected from each community is transported flat, then the needle group on the cylinder is inserted into kitchen waste to pierce garbage bag, cooperate with the rotation of roller, garbage bag is taken out from kitchen waste, so that plastic bag is attached to the surface of cylinder and then falls to garbage bag conveyor, so as to separate garbage bag from kitchen waste, prevent some garbage that is not kitchen waste from mixing with kitchen waste, reduce the risk of harmful garbage mixed in kitchen waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centralized sorting devices for municipal solid waste, and more specifically to a centralized sorting device and sorting method for municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] With social development, accelerated urbanization, increased urban population, and improved living standards, the amount of urban household waste is constantly increasing, posing a growing threat to the environment and public health, and hindering urban development. Waste sorting is a reform of traditional waste collection and disposal methods and a scientific management approach for effective waste management. Faced with ever-increasing waste production and deteriorating environmental conditions, how to maximize waste resource utilization, reduce landfill disposal, and improve the quality of the living environment through waste sorting is one of the most pressing issues of common concern to countries worldwide.

[0003] Our country has already implemented garbage sorting in various communities before centralized processing. However, during the disposal process, since residents usually throw garbage into garbage bags at home, some residents, to avoid hand contamination, often directly put the garbage bags into the kitchen waste bins. Others, however, throw all unsorted garbage directly into the kitchen waste bins. As a result, kitchen waste needs to be broken open during centralized processing. Existing bag-breaking machines, such as the one described in CN102319605A, generally use two sets of shafts with blades to break open the garbage bags. However, if the collected garbage is directly passed through the above-mentioned garbage bag-breaking machines, some non-kitchen waste will be mixed with kitchen waste, increasing the risk of hazardous waste being mixed into the kitchen waste. To avoid this situation, existing factories use manual sorting to pick out garbage bags for inspection. However, manual methods are very prone to missing items. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a centralized sorting device and method for household waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the background art and provide a centralized sorting device and sorting method for municipal solid waste.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A centralized sorting device for household waste includes a frame on which a garbage bag screening roller is mounted. A feeding conveyor belt is located on the right side of the garbage bag screening roller, and a garbage bag conveyor belt is located on the left side of the garbage bag screening roller. The garbage bag screening roller includes a cylindrical body, and a group of barbed needles capable of piercing garbage bags is arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the cylindrical body.

[0007] This invention uses a feeding conveyor belt to flatly transport kitchen waste collected from various communities. Then, a group of needles on the cylinder probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bags. With the rotation of the roller, the garbage bags are brought out of the kitchen waste. The plastic bags adhere to the surface of the cylinder and then fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thus separating the garbage bags from the kitchen waste. This prevents non-kitchen waste from being mixed with kitchen waste and reduces the risk of hazardous waste being mixed into the kitchen waste.

[0008] The needle assembly consists of three or more needles, each needle tilting upwards counterclockwise along the cylinder. A fixed shaft is fixed at the bottom of the needle assembly. The cylinder has the same number of limiting slots as the needle assembly along its axial direction. The fixed shaft is located in the limiting slots. A limiting groove is provided between the limiting slot and the outer wall of the cylinder to facilitate the removal of the needles. Both ends of the fixed shaft are provided with guide discs that allow the needles to extend and retract. The guide discs are fixed on the frame. The guide discs include an inner ring and an outer ring. A guide groove is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring. The side of the guide groove closest to the garbage bag conveyor belt has a guide arc-shaped part that facilitates the retraction of the needles into the cylinder.

[0009] This invention utilizes the rotation of the garbage bag screening roller. The fixed shaft is limited by the limiting through groove and the guide groove. The fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc. When the garbage bag screening roller rotates with the needles in the guide arc section, the needles retract into the inside of the cylinder, thereby dropping the garbage bags onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thus screening out the garbage bags. This ensures that each garbage bag can fall into the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing some lighter garbage bags from failing to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt. It also allows some kitchen waste that is stuck to the needles along with the garbage bags to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing lighter garbage bags and kitchen waste from accumulating on the needles and affecting the use of the needles in later stages.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the garbage bag screening roller is further provided with a roller cleaning mechanism. The roller cleaning mechanism includes a water baffle, a cleaning electric push rod, an outer wall cleaning pipe, an inner wall cleaning pipe, a water inlet pipe, and a sewage collection tank. The water baffle is located above the roller body, the sewage collection tank is located below the roller body, the cleaning electric push rod is located above the water baffle, and the motor end of the cleaning electric push rod is fixedly connected to the frame. Several outer wall cleaning pipes are arrayed along the length of the water baffle. The water inlet pipe is located at the top of the water baffle and communicates with the outer wall cleaning pipes. The inner wall cleaning pipe is located at the end of the water inlet pipe and communicates with it. The inner wall cleaning pipe is located between the side wall of the roller body and the guide disc.

[0011] This invention uses an electric push rod to move a water baffle close to the outer wall of the drum, bringing the outer wall cleaning pipe of the drum close to the outer surface of the drum and the inner wall cleaning pipe close to the side wall of the drum. The outer wall cleaning pipe, in conjunction with the rotation of the drum, cleans the surface of the drum. Water is flushed into the limiting groove through the inner wall cleaning pipe, thus cleaning the inside of the drum. The water baffle prevents wastewater from splashing everywhere. The flushed wastewater is collected in a wastewater collection tank at the bottom, thus cleaning the drum and preventing the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the drum, ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and extending its service life.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed shaft includes a large tube, a small tube, a telescopic mechanism, a pressing electric push rod, and a pressing plate. The telescopic mechanism is fixed to the right side of the large tube, and the small tube is fixed to the right side of the telescopic mechanism. The small tube protrudes from the limiting through groove. The pressing electric push rod is fixed to the frame, and the pressing plate is fixed to the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod. The pressing plate is located to the right side of the guide disc, and the shape of the pressing plate matches the shape of the guide groove to ensure that the pressing plate can pass through the guide groove.

[0013] This invention extends the pressing plate by pressing the electric push rod, and then the small tube retracts into the limiting groove through the telescopic mechanism. Pressing the electric push rod retracts the tube to prevent the protruding small tube from obstructing the rotation of the cylinder during cleaning.

[0014] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a support shaft, compression springs, a sliding block, a small tube, and a swing arm. The support shaft is fixed to the end of the large tube and has a guide groove. The sliding block is disposed in the guide groove. Two compression springs are disposed at the bottom of the sliding block. One end of each compression spring is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide groove. A heart-shaped guide slot is provided on the side wall of the sliding block. One end of the swing arm is disposed in the heart-shaped guide slot, and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft. The small tube is disposed on the side of the sliding block near the slot opening.

[0015] When the device of this invention needs cleaning, the pressing plate is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod, and the sliding block is pressed, causing the compression spring to contract. At the same time, the swing arm slides to the top of the irregular guide groove, thereby driving the small tube to retract into the guide groove. Then, the electric push rod is pressed to retract, which facilitates cleaning. When cleaning is not needed, the pressing plate is pushed out again by the electric push rod, and the swing arm moves to the bottom of the irregular guide groove, thereby driving the small tube to extend into the guide disc, thus ensuring that the cleaning work is not affected.

[0016] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixed in the middle of the cylinder, both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the guide disk but do not contact the guide disk, both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the frame through bearings, and a rotary motor is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft. The rotary motor is fixed on the frame so that the cylinder can rotate.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding conveyor belt is composed of an array of three or more conveyor belts, and a first gap is formed between every two conveyor belts to facilitate the passage of the needle. The width of the first gap is slightly larger than the diameter of the needle, and the needle can pass through the conveyor belt through the first gap.

[0018] Preferably, a second gap is formed between the feeding conveyor belt and the needle to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste. The bottom of the feeding conveyor belt is also provided with a kitchen waste conveyor belt, so that the kitchen waste without garbage bags that has been screened falls into the kitchen waste conveyor belt at the bottom and is transported to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing and resource reuse.

[0019] A centralized sorting method for household waste includes the following steps:

[0020] S1, spreading out, the kitchen waste collected from various communities is spread out on the feeding conveyor belt;

[0021] S2, Garbage bag screening: When kitchen waste is conveyed to the end along the feeding conveyor belt, the garbage bag screening roller rotates counterclockwise. The upward-sloping needle group probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bag. With the rotation of the roller, the garbage bag is brought out from the kitchen waste, so that the plastic bag is attached to the surface of the cylinder. The kitchen waste falls along the second gap into the kitchen waste conveyor belt at the bottom and is transported to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing and resource reuse.

[0022] S3, Rotational Separation: As the garbage bag screening roller rotates, the fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc. When the garbage bag screening roller rotates to the left with the needles and rotates to the guide arc part, the needles retract into the inside of the cylinder, thereby dropping the garbage bag onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thus screening out the garbage bag.

[0023] S4. Inspection: The selected garbage bags are manually opened to check for harmful substances. Harmful substances are removed, and harmless kitchen waste is sent to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing.

[0024] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. This invention uses a feeding conveyor belt to flatly transport kitchen waste collected from various communities. Then, a group of needles on the cylinder probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bags. With the rotation of the roller, the garbage bags are brought out of the kitchen waste. The plastic bags adhere to the surface of the cylinder and then fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thereby separating the garbage bags from the kitchen waste. This prevents non-kitchen waste from being mixed with kitchen waste and reduces the risk of hazardous waste being mixed into the kitchen waste.

[0026] 2. This invention utilizes the rotation of the garbage bag screening roller. The fixed shaft is limited by the limiting groove and the guide groove. The fixed shaft moves along the guide groove of the guide disc. When the garbage bag screening roller rotates with the needles in the guide arc section, the needles retract into the inside of the cylinder, thereby dropping the garbage bags onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, thus screening out the garbage bags. This ensures that each garbage bag can fall into the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing some lighter garbage bags from failing to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt. It also allows some kitchen waste that is stuck to the needles along with the garbage bags to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt, preventing lighter garbage bags and kitchen waste from accumulating on the needles and affecting the use of the needles in later stages.

[0027] 3. This invention uses an electric push rod to move the water baffle close to the outer wall of the drum, bringing the outer wall cleaning pipe of the drum close to the outer surface of the drum and the inner wall cleaning pipe close to the side wall of the drum. The outer wall cleaning pipe, in conjunction with the rotation of the drum, cleans the surface of the drum. Water is flushed into the limiting groove through the inner wall cleaning pipe, thereby cleaning the inside of the drum. The water baffle prevents wastewater from splashing everywhere. The wastewater after rinsing is collected in the wastewater collection tank at the bottom, thus cleaning the drum and preventing the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the drum, ensuring smooth operation of the equipment and extending its service life.

[0028] 4. When the device of the present invention needs cleaning, the pressing plate is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod, and the sliding block is pressed to cause the compression spring to contract. At the same time, the swing arm slides to the top of the irregular guide groove, thereby driving the small tube to retract into the guide groove. Then, the electric push rod is pressed to retract, which facilitates cleaning. When cleaning is not needed, the pressing plate is pushed out again by the electric push rod, and the swing arm moves to the bottom of the irregular guide groove, thereby driving the small tube to extend into the guide disc, thus ensuring that the cleaning work is not affected. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the garbage bag screening roller of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide disk of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the needle assembly of the present invention after it has been fixed with a fixed shaft;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 1 An enlarged view of point A;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drum cleaning mechanism of the present invention covered by the drum body;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention with the fixed shaft located inside the cylinder;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water-blocking cover of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the small tube of the present invention after it has been retracted;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to these embodiments without contributing any inventive step after reading this specification, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] like Figure 1-2As shown in Figure 6, a centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste includes a frame 1, on which a garbage bag screening roller 3 is mounted. A feeding conveyor belt 2 is located on the right side of the garbage bag screening roller 3, and a garbage bag conveyor belt 8 is located on the left side. The garbage bag screening roller 3 includes a cylindrical body 31. A group of barbed needles 32 capable of piercing garbage bags is arrayed along the circumference of the outer wall of the cylindrical body 31. A rotating shaft 310 is fixed in the middle of the cylindrical body 31, and both ends of the rotating shaft 310 pass through a guide disc. 33. The two ends of the rotating shaft 310 are rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bearings. A rotary motor 320 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 310. The rotary motor is fixed on the frame 1. The feeding conveyor belt 2 is composed of an array of three or more conveyor belts 21. A first gap 22 is formed between every two conveyor belts 21 to facilitate the passage of the needle 321. A second gap 23 is formed between the feeding conveyor belt 2 and the needle 321 to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste. A kitchen waste conveyor belt 24 is also provided at the bottom of the feeding conveyor belt 2.

[0046] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the needle assembly 32 consists of three or more needles 321, each needle tilting upwards counterclockwise along the cylinder 31. A fixed shaft 322 is fixed at the bottom of the needle assembly 32. The cylinder 31 has the same number of limiting grooves 311 as the needle assembly 32 along its axial direction. The fixed shaft 322 is located in the limiting grooves 311. A limiting slide groove 323 is provided between the limiting grooves 311 and the outer wall of the cylinder 31 to facilitate the removal of the needles. Both ends of the fixed shaft 322 are provided with guide discs 33 that allow the needles to extend and retract. The guide discs 33 are fixed on the frame 1. The guide discs 33 include an inner ring 331 and an outer ring 332. A guide groove 333 is formed between the inner ring 331 and the outer ring 332. The guide groove 333 has a guide arc-shaped part 334 formed on the side of the guide groove 333 near the garbage bag conveyor belt 8 to facilitate the retraction of the needles into the cylinder 31.

[0047] like Figure 7-10As shown, the top of the garbage bag screening roller 3 is also provided with a roller cleaning mechanism 4. The roller cleaning mechanism 4 includes a water baffle 41, a cleaning electric push rod 42, a roller outer wall cleaning pipe 43, a roller inner side cleaning pipe 44, a water inlet pipe 45, and a sewage collection tank 46. The water baffle 41 is located above the roller body 31, the sewage collection tank 46 is located below the roller body 31, the cleaning electric push rod 42 is located above the water baffle 41, and the motor end of the cleaning electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. Several roller outer wall cleaning pipes 43 are arrayed in the length direction of the water baffle 41. The water inlet pipe 45 is located at the top of the water baffle 41 and is interconnected with the roller outer wall cleaning pipes 43. The roller inner side cleaning pipe 44 is located at the end of the water inlet pipe 45 and is interconnected with it.

[0048] like Figure 11-12 As shown, the fixed shaft 322 includes a large tube 324, a small tube 325, a telescopic mechanism 5, a pressing electric push rod 327, and a pressing plate 328. The telescopic mechanism 5 is fixed to the right side of the large tube 324, and the small tube 325 is fixed to the right side of the telescopic mechanism 5. The small tube 325 protrudes from the limiting through groove 311. The pressing electric push rod 327 is fixed to the frame 1, and the pressing plate 328 is fixed to the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod 327. The pressing plate 328 is located to the right of the guide disc 33, and the shape of the pressing plate 328 matches the shape of the guide groove 333. The telescopic mechanism 5 includes a support shaft 51, a compression spring 52, a sliding block 53, a small tube 325, and a swing arm 54. The support shaft 51 is fixed to the large tube 324. At the end, a guide groove 55 is provided on the support shaft 51, and the sliding block 53 is disposed in the guide groove 55. Two compression springs 52 are disposed at the bottom of the sliding block 53. One end of the compression spring 52 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 53, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide groove 55. An irregularly shaped guide slot 56 is provided on the side wall of the sliding block 53. The irregularly shaped guide slot 56 is heart-shaped. One end of the swing arm 54 is disposed in the irregularly shaped guide slot 56, and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft 51. The small tube 325 is disposed on the side of the sliding block 53 near the slot opening. The electric push rod and motor in this case are all controlled by a controller. The controller control of these is a very mature existing technology, so it will not be described in detail in this case.

[0049] like Figure 13 As shown, a centralized sorting method for household waste includes the following steps:

[0050] S1, spreading out, the kitchen waste collected from various communities is spread out on the feeding conveyor belt 2;

[0051] S2, screening garbage bags: When kitchen waste is conveyed to the end along the feeding conveyor belt 2, the garbage bag screening roller 3 rotates counterclockwise. The upward-inclined needle group probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bag. With the rotation of the roller, the garbage bag is brought out from the kitchen waste, so that the plastic bag is attached to the surface of the cylinder. The kitchen waste falls along the second gap 23 into the bottom kitchen waste conveyor belt 24 for transportation to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing and resource reuse.

[0052] S3, Rotational Separation: As the garbage bag screening roller 3 rotates, the fixed shaft 322 moves along the guide groove 333 of the guide disc 33. When the garbage bag screening roller 3, carrying the spikes 321, rotates to the left and reaches the guide arc section 334, the spikes 321 retract inwards, causing the garbage bag to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt 8, thus separating the garbage bag.

[0053] S4. Inspection: The selected garbage bags are manually opened to check for hazardous substances. If any hazardous substances are found, they are removed. The hazardous waste is then processed accordingly. The harmless kitchen waste is also sent to the kitchen waste treatment facility for processing.

[0054] Working principle: such as Figure 1-12 As shown, kitchen waste collected from various communities is spread flat on the feeding conveyor belt 2. When the kitchen waste is conveyed to the end of the feeding conveyor belt 2, the garbage bag screening roller 3 rotates counterclockwise. The upwardly inclined needle group 32 probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bag 100. With the rotation of the cylinder 31, the garbage bag is brought out from the kitchen waste, so that the garbage bag 100 is attached to the surface of the cylinder 31. As the garbage bag screening roller 3 rotates, the fixed shaft 322 moves along the guide groove 333 of the guide disc 33. When the garbage bag screening roller 3 rotates, the fixed shaft 322 moves along the guide groove 333 of the guide disc 33. When the needle 321 is rotated to the left and reaches the guide arc 334, the needle 321 retracts into the inside of the cylinder, causing the garbage bag to fall onto the garbage bag conveyor belt 8, thus screening out the garbage bag. The kitchen waste falls along the second gap 23 into the kitchen waste conveyor belt 24 at the bottom for transportation to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing and resource reuse. The screened garbage bag can be manually opened to check for harmful substances, remove the harmful substances, and send the harmless kitchen waste to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing.

[0055] When cleaning is required during the process, pressing the electric push rod 327 pushes out the pressing plate 328, pressing the sliding block 53 causes the compression spring 52 to contract, and at the same time, the swing arm 54 slides to the top of the irregular guide groove 56, thereby driving the small tube 325 to retract into the guide groove 55. Then, pressing the electric push rod 327 retracts the tube, and the cleaning electric push rod 42 drives the water baffle 41 to move close to the outer wall of the cylinder 31, so that the outer wall cleaning pipe of the drum is close to the outer surface of the cylinder 31, and the inner wall cleaning pipe 44 is close to the side wall of the cylinder 31. With the outer wall cleaning pipe 43 cooperating with the rotation of the cylinder 31, the surface of the cylinder 31 is cleaned. The drum body 31 is cleaned by flushing water into the limiting groove 311 through the inner cleaning pipe of the drum. The inside of the drum body 31 is cleaned by flushing water through the baffle 41 to prevent sewage from splashing everywhere. The sewage after rinsing is collected into the sewage collection tank 46 at the bottom, thus cleaning the drum body 41 and preventing the accumulation of kitchen waste on the inside and outside of the drum body. This ensures smooth operation of the equipment and extends its service life. When cleaning is not required, the pressing plate 328 is pushed out by pressing the electric push rod 327. The swing arm 54 moves to the bottom of the irregular guide slot 56, thereby driving the small tube 325 to extend into the guide disc 33, thus ensuring that the cleaning work is not affected.

Claims

1. A centralized sorting device for household waste, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame (1), on which a garbage bag screening roller (3) is provided. A feeding conveyor belt (2) is provided on the right side of the garbage bag screening roller (3), and a garbage bag conveyor belt (8) is provided on the left side of the garbage bag screening roller (3). The garbage bag screening roller (3) includes a cylinder (31), and a group of needles (32) capable of penetrating garbage bags are arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer side wall of the cylinder (31). The needle assembly (32) consists of three or more needles (321), each needle is inclined upward in the counterclockwise direction along the cylinder (31), the bottom of the needle assembly (32) is fixed with a fixed shaft (322), the cylinder (31) is provided with the same number of limiting grooves (311) as the needle assembly (32) in the axial direction, the fixed shaft (322) is located in the limiting groove (311), the limiting groove (311) and the outer wall of the cylinder (31) are provided with a limiting slide groove (323) to facilitate the needle removal, and both ends of the fixed shaft (322) are provided with guide discs (33) that enable the needle to extend and retract, the guide discs (33) are fixed on the frame (1); The guide disc (33) includes an inner ring (331) and an outer ring (332). A guide groove (333) is formed between the inner ring (331) and the outer ring (332). The guide groove (333) has a guide arc-shaped part (334) on the side near the garbage bag conveyor belt (8) to facilitate the retraction of the needle into the cylinder (31). The top of the garbage bag screening roller (3) is also provided with a roller cleaning mechanism (4). The fixed shaft (322) includes a large tube (324), a small tube (325), a telescopic mechanism (5), and a pressing electric push rod (325). 7) Press plate (328), the telescopic mechanism (5) is fixed on the right side of the large tube (324), the small tube (325) is fixed on the right side of the telescopic mechanism (5), the small tube (325) protrudes from the limiting through groove (311), the pressing electric push rod (327) is fixed on the frame (1), the press plate (328) is fixed on the push rod end of the pressing electric push rod (327), the press plate (328) is located on the right side of the guide disc (33), and the shape of the press plate (328) matches the shape of the guide groove (333); The telescopic mechanism (5) includes a support shaft (51), a compression spring (52), a sliding block (53), a small tube (325), and a swing arm (54). The support shaft (51) is fixed at the end of the large tube (324). A guide groove (55) is provided on the support shaft (51). The sliding block (53) is located in the guide groove (55). Two compression springs (52) are located at the bottom of the sliding block (53). One end of the compression spring (52) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (53), and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide groove (55). A shaped guide slot (56) is provided on the side wall of the sliding block (53). The shaped guide slot (56) is heart-shaped. One end of the swing arm (54) is located in the shaped guide slot (56), and the other end is rotatably connected to the support shaft (51). The small tube (325) is located on the side of the sliding block (53) near the slot opening.

2. The centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drum cleaning mechanism (4) includes a water baffle (41), a cleaning electric push rod (42), a drum outer wall cleaning pipe (43), a drum inner side cleaning pipe (44), a water inlet pipe (45), and a sewage collection tank (46). The water baffle (41) is located above the drum body (31), the sewage collection tank (46) is located below the drum body (31), the cleaning electric push rod (42) is located above the water baffle (41), the cleaning electric push rod (42) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) at the motor end, a plurality of drum outer wall cleaning pipes (43) are arrayed in the length direction of the water baffle (41), the water inlet pipe (45) is located at the top of the water baffle (41) and is interconnected with the drum outer wall cleaning pipes (43), and the drum inner side cleaning pipe (44) is located at the end of the water inlet pipe (45) and is interconnected with it.

3. A centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating shaft (310) is fixed in the middle of the cylinder (31). Both ends of the rotating shaft (310) pass through the guide disc (33). Both ends of the rotating shaft (310) are rotatably connected to the frame (1) through bearings. A rotary motor (320) is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (310). The rotary motor is fixed on the frame (1).

4. A centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed conveyor belt (2) is composed of an array of three or more conveyor belts (21), with a first gap (22) formed between each two conveyor belts (21) to facilitate the passage of the needle (321).

5. A centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second gap (23) is formed between the feeding conveyor belt (2) and the needle (321) to facilitate the passage of kitchen waste. A kitchen waste conveyor belt (24) is also provided at the bottom of the feeding conveyor belt (2).

6. A method for centralized sorting of municipal solid waste using the centralized sorting device for municipal solid waste according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1, spread out, the kitchen waste collected from each community is spread out on the feeding conveyor belt (2); S2, when the kitchen waste is transported to the end along the feeding conveyor belt (2), the garbage bag screening roller (3) rotates counterclockwise. The upward-inclined needle group probes into the kitchen waste and punctures the garbage bag. With the rotation of the roller, the garbage bag is brought out from the kitchen waste, so that the plastic bag is attached to the surface of the cylinder. The kitchen waste falls along the second gap (23) into the bottom kitchen waste conveyor belt (24) for transportation to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing and resource reuse. S3, Rotational separation: As the garbage bag screening roller (3) rotates, the fixed shaft (322) moves along the guide groove (333) of the guide disc (33). When the garbage bag screening roller (3) rotates to the left with the needle (321) and rotates to the guide arc part (334), the needle (321) retracts into the inside of the cylinder, thereby dropping the garbage bag onto the garbage bag conveyor belt (8) and thus screening out the garbage bag. S4. Inspection: The screened garbage bags are manually opened to check for harmful substances. Harmful substances are removed, and harmless kitchen waste is sent to the kitchen waste treatment plant for processing.

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