Preparation method and device of aluminum alloy backward extrusion pipe

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method and device of an aluminum alloy backward extrusion pipe, and relates to the technical field of metal material machining, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting an aluminum alloy raw material meeting requirements, and carrying out surface cleaning and oil stain and oxide skin removal on the raw material to obtain a blank; heating the blank to a proper temperature range; the preparation device is assembled to the bottom end of an extruding machine, and the coaxiality of the mold and the extruding machine is ensured; and putting the heated blank into a preparation device, and carrying out backward extrusion on the blank through an extrusion shaft of an extruder, so that the blank forms the required aluminum alloy pipe through the forming end of the preparation device. The preparation device of the aluminum alloy backward extrusion pipe is arranged. Therefore, the problems that in the prior art, a plurality of parts need to be disassembled after use, the production efficiency of the device is low, and the die is seriously abraded are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a method and a device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube. Background Art

[0002] At present, the market demand for forged tubes for aluminum alloy gas cylinders is gradually increasing. 6061 aluminum tubes are widely used in the fields of aerospace, aviation, and rail transportation. In the existing technology, the production method of aluminum alloy gas cylinders is to use aluminum alloy straight wall tubes for spinning to reduce the wall thickness and increase the length of the forming process. The existing aluminum alloy straight wall tubes are limited by molds, tooling, and equipment during the production process. Due to the influence of the factors, the maximum length of the forged tube produced by reverse extrusion forging is generally ≤2000mm. If you want to produce longer forged tubes, you need to use the mandrel stretching method to reduce the wall thickness of the billet and increase the length of the forged tube.

[0003] The prior art, such as the invention patent CN 117415183 A, discloses a process for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube. This invention patent requires multiple parts to be disassembled after use, and the device has the problems of low production efficiency and severe mold wear. Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is urgent to develop a method and device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, which is used to solve the problems that the prior art proposed in the above background technology requires multiple parts to be disassembled after use, and the device has low production efficiency and severe mold wear.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, comprising: Step 1: Raw material preparation: select aluminum alloy raw materials that meet the requirements, clean the surface of the raw materials, remove oil stains and oxide scale, and obtain blanks; Step 2: heating treatment, heating the blank to a suitable temperature range; Step 3: Mold assembly: assemble the preparation device to the bottom of the extruder to ensure the coaxiality of the mold and the extruder; Step 4: reverse extrusion operation, placing the heated billet into the preparation device, reversely extrude the billet through the extrusion shaft of the extruder, so that the billet passes through the forming end of the preparation device to form the required aluminum alloy tube.

[0006] Preferably, the raw material in step 1 is 6061 aluminum alloy raw material. Preferably, the blank heating temperature in step 2 is 400-500°C.

[0007] Preferably, the extrusion speed of the extruder in step 4 is 5-10 mm / s.

[0008] A preparation device for an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube comprises: a top plate and a bottom plate, wherein the top plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected on their circumferential sides by a plurality of support rods, the bottom end of the top plate is fixedly mounted with a fixed end of an extruder, the output end of the extruder is fixedly mounted with an extrusion shaft, a limiting hole is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion shaft, a workbench is fixedly mounted with a reverse extrusion die at the top end of the bottom plate, a limiting block is fixedly mounted with a bottom end of an inner wall of the reverse extrusion die, and the limiting block cooperates with the limiting hole.

[0009] Preferably, the reverse extrusion die is also connected to a cooling and cleaning structure, which comprises: a liquid storage tank, which is fixedly mounted on a bottom plate, and is provided with a liquid storage cavity and a filter cavity from top to bottom, the top of the liquid storage cavity is connected to a connecting pipe 1, and a valve 1 is fixedly mounted on the connecting pipe 1, a water pump is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the liquid storage cavity, the output end of the water pump is connected to the liquid storage cavity, the input end of the water pump is connected to the bottom end of the filter cavity through a connecting pipe 2, a filter plate is fixedly mounted in the filter cavity, the right end of the filter plate is connected to a discharge pipe, a valve 2 is fixedly mounted on the discharge pipe, the left end of the filter plate is connected to the bottom end of the reverse extrusion die through a connecting pipe 3, a valve 4 is fixedly mounted on the left end of the connecting pipe 3, and the left end of the liquid storage tank is also connected to a pressurized conveying assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the pressurized conveying assembly includes: a pressurizing box, which is fixedly mounted on the left end of the liquid storage tank, and the top end of the right side of the pressurizing box is connected to the top end of the reverse extrusion mold through a connecting pipe four, a valve three is provided at the left end of the connecting pipe four, and a reverse flow valve one is provided in the connecting pipe four, one end of a connecting pipe five is connected to the right end of the pressurizing box, and the other end of the connecting pipe five is connected to the liquid storage chamber, and a reverse flow valve two is provided in the connecting pipe five, the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressurizing box left and right, and one end of an L-shaped rod is fixedly mounted on the left end of the piston, one end of a return spring is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped rod, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly mounted on the liquid storage tank, the fixed end of the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the workbench, and the output end of the driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the connecting pipe three and is fixedly connected to the cam, and the cam cooperates with the L-shaped rod, and a water-deflecting plate is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft in the connecting pipe three.

[0011] Preferably, the extruder further comprises: A first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank before processing; A second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank after processing; A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm.

[0012] Preferably, the controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the deformation resistance of the extruder according to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.

[0013] (1); in is the material coefficient of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the side pressure coefficient of the extruder on the billet, is the inner diameter of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the length of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the ambient temperature; Step 2: Calculate the actual force exerted by the extruder on the aluminum alloy metal billet according to the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual force exerted by the extruder on the aluminum alloy metal billet When the actual force exceeds the preset force range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm.

[0014] (2); in is the flow pressure of aluminum alloy metal billet, is the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the reverse extrusion die, is the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the extrusion shaft, Take 3.14. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube before preparation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube after preparation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cooling and cleaning structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Top plate; 2. Bottom plate; 3. Support rod; 4. Extruder; 5. Extrusion shaft; 6. Limiting hole; 7. Workbench; 8. Back-extrusion die; 9. Limiting block; 10. Liquid storage tank; 11. Liquid storage chamber; 12. Filter chamber; 13. Connecting pipe 1; 14. Valve 1; 15. Water pump; 16. Connecting pipe 2; 17. Filter plate; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Valve 2; 20. Connecting pipe 3; 21. Pressurizing box; 22. Connecting pipe 4; 23. Valve 3; 24. Backflow valve 1; 25. Connecting pipe 5; 26. Backflow valve 2; 27. Piston; 28. L-shaped rod; 29. ​​Return spring; 30. Driving motor; 31. Rotating shaft; 32. Cam; 33. Drip plate; 34. Valve 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides the following embodiments Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, such as Figure 1 As shown, including: Step 1: Raw material preparation: select aluminum alloy raw materials that meet the requirements, clean the surface of the raw materials, remove oil stains and oxide scale, and obtain blanks; Step 2: heating treatment, heating the blank to a suitable temperature range; Step 3: Mold assembly: assemble the preparation device to the bottom of the extruder to ensure the coaxiality of the mold and the extruder; Step 4: reverse extrusion operation, placing the heated billet into the preparation device, reversely extrude the billet through the extrusion shaft of the extruder, so that the billet passes through the forming end of the preparation device to form the required aluminum alloy tube.

[0021] Optionally, the raw material in step 1 is 6061 aluminum alloy raw material. Optionally, the blank heating temperature in step 2 is 400-500°C.

[0022] Optionally, the extrusion speed of the extruder in step 4 is 5-10 mm / s.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the present invention selects raw materials for preparation, controls the parameters such as heating temperature and extrusion speed, and then puts the blank into the preparation device of aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, and prepares the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube through the action of the extruder. This effectively improves the problem proposed in the background technology that the prior art needs to disassemble multiple parts after use, and the device has the problems of low production efficiency and severe mold wear.

[0024] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, Figure 2-3 As shown, a preparation device for an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube comprises: a top plate 1 and a bottom plate 2, wherein the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are fixedly connected on their circumferential sides by a plurality of support rods 3, the bottom end of the top plate 1 is fixedly mounted with a fixed end of an extruder 4, the output end of the extruder 4 is fixedly mounted with an extrusion shaft 5, a limiting hole 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the extrusion shaft 5, a workbench 7 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the bottom plate 2, a reverse extrusion die 8 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the workbench 7, a limiting block 9 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the inner wall of the reverse extrusion die 8, and the limiting block 9 cooperates with the limiting hole 6.

[0025] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: pouring the heated billet into the reverse extrusion die 8, and then controlling the extruder 4 to start, the start of the extruder 4 drives the extrusion shaft 5 to move downward, and the downward movement of the extrusion shaft 5 thereby cooperates with the limiting hole 6 at the bottom end of the extrusion shaft 5 and the limiting block 9 at the bottom end of the inner wall of the reverse extrusion die 8, thereby preparing the billet into an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube. By setting the limiting block 9 and the limiting hole 6, it is beneficial to realize the positioning of the extrusion shaft 5 and the reverse extrusion die 8, and prevent the prepared aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube from bending and deformation. By setting the top plate 1, it is beneficial to realize the effective fixation of the extruder 4.

[0026] Example 3 On the basis of Examples 1-2, the device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, the reverse extrusion die 8 is also connected to a cooling and cleaning structure, the cooling and cleaning structure comprises: a liquid storage tank 10, the liquid storage tank 10 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 2, and the liquid storage tank 10 is provided with a liquid storage chamber 11 and a filter chamber 12 from top to bottom, the top of the liquid storage chamber 11 is connected to a connecting pipe 13, and a valve 14 is fixedly mounted on the connecting pipe 13, and a water pump 15 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 11, the water pump 15 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 11, and the water pump 15 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 11. The output end of the pump 15 is connected to the liquid storage chamber 11, and the input end of the water pump 15 is connected to the bottom end of the filter chamber 12 through a connecting pipe 2 16. A filter plate 17 is fixedly installed in the filter chamber 12. The right end of the filter plate 17 is connected to a discharge pipe 18. A valve 2 19 is fixedly installed on the discharge pipe 18. The left end of the filter plate 17 is connected to the bottom end of the reverse extrusion die 8 through a connecting pipe 3 20, and a valve 4 34 is fixedly installed on the left end of the connecting pipe 3 20, and the left end of the liquid storage tank 10 is also connected to a pressurized conveying component.

[0027] Optionally, the pressurized delivery assembly includes: a pressurized box 21, the pressurized box 21 is fixedly installed at the left end of the liquid storage tank 10, and the top of the right side of the pressurized box 21 is connected to the top of the reverse extrusion die 8 through a connecting pipe 4 22, a valve 3 23 is provided at the left end of the connecting pipe 4 22, and a reverse flow valve 1 24 is provided in the connecting pipe 4 22, one end of the connecting pipe 5 25 is connected to the right end of the pressurized box 21, and the other end of the connecting pipe 5 25 is connected to the liquid storage chamber 11, and a reverse flow valve 2 26 is provided in the connecting pipe 5 25, and the piston 27 is slidably connected to the pressurized box 21. The pressure box 21 is on the inner wall, and the left end of the piston 27 is fixedly installed with one end of an L-shaped rod 28, one end of a return spring 29 is fixedly installed on the L-shaped rod 28, and the other end of the return spring 29 is fixedly installed on the liquid storage tank 10, the fixed end of the drive motor 30 is fixedly installed on the workbench 7, and the output end of the drive motor 30 is connected to the rotating shaft 31, the rotating shaft 31 passes through the connecting pipe three 20 and is fixedly connected with the cam 32, and the cam 32 cooperates with the L-shaped rod 28, and a water deflector 33 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 31 in the connecting pipe three 20.

[0028] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: when it is necessary to cool and clean the inside of the prepared reverse extrusion die 8, first start the drive motor 30, the rotation of the drive motor 30 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate accordingly, the rotation of the rotating shaft 31 drives the water-dispensing plate 33 and the cam 32 fixed thereto to rotate, the rotation of the cam 32 drives the L-shaped rod 28 to move left and right, the left and right movement of the L-shaped rod 28 drives the piston 27 to move left and right in the pressurizing box 21 accordingly, when the piston 27 moves to the left, the water in the liquid storage chamber 11 is transported to the pressurizing box 21 through the connecting pipe 5 25, when the piston 27 moves to the left When the plug 27 moves to the right, the water in the pressurizing tank 21 is transported to the limit block 9 through the connecting pipe four 22 (at this time, the valve three 23 and the valve four 34 are in the open state), and then the cleaned water is transported to the filter chamber 12 through the connecting pipe three 20. After the cleaned water is filtered by the filter plate 17, it is stored in the bottom end of the filter chamber 12, and then the water pump 15 is started. The water pump 15 transports the filtered water to the liquid storage chamber 11 again through the connecting pipe two 16. Finally, by opening the valve two 19, the filtered impurities are output to the outside of the liquid storage tank 10 through the discharge pipe 18.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: by setting the filter plate 17, it is beneficial to achieve effective filtration of the water after cooling and cleaning; by setting the water pump 15, it is beneficial to transport the water in the filter chamber 12 to the liquid storage chamber 11; by setting the reset spring 29 and the cam 32, it is beneficial to achieve the reciprocating movement of the L-shaped rod 28; by setting the water-diverting plate 33, it is beneficial to achieve the accelerated flow of water in the connecting pipe three 20; by setting the driving motor 30, it is beneficial to achieve the driving of the water-diverting plate 33 and the cam 32; by setting the reverse flow valve 1 24 and the reverse flow valve 2 26, it is beneficial to prevent the backflow of liquid; by setting the connecting pipe 13 and the valve 1 14, it is beneficial to achieve the addition of water in the liquid storage chamber 11; by setting the valve three 23 and the valve four 34, it is beneficial to achieve the opening and closing of the inner wall of the reverse extrusion mold 8.

[0030] Example 4 On the basis of Examples 1-3, in the device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, the extruder 4 further comprises: A first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank before processing; A second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank after processing; A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm.

[0031] Optionally, the controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, comprising the following steps: Step 1: According to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the deformation resistance of the extruder 4 is calculated (the deformation resistance is the force of the deformed metal resisting plastic deformation during plastic deformation. During the extrusion process, the metal billet is plastically deformed by the extrusion force. At this time, the ability of the metal to resist deformation is the deformation resistance)

[0032] (1); in is the material coefficient of the aluminum alloy metal tube (the value range is 0.12-0.34), is the side pressure coefficient of the extruder 4 on the billet (the value range is 0.33-0.3), is the inner diameter of the aluminum alloy metal tube, is the length of the aluminum alloy metal tube, is the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy metal tube, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the ambient temperature; Step 2: Calculate the actual force exerted by the extruder 4 on the aluminum alloy metal billet according to the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual force exerted by the extruder 4 on the aluminum alloy metal billet When the actual force exceeds the preset force range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm.

[0033] (2); in is the flow pressure of aluminum alloy metal billet (referring to the pressure generated by liquid or gas during the flow process), is the friction coefficient between the aluminum alloy metal billet deformation zone and the extrusion sleeve (the value range is 0.12-0.32), is the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the extrusion rod (the value range is 0.15-0.28), Take 3.14.

[0034] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: the controller calculates the deformation resistance of the extruder 4 based on the formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, and comprehensively considers the material coefficient of the aluminum alloy metal tube, the lateral pressure coefficient of the extruder 4 on the billet, the inner diameter of the aluminum alloy metal tube, the length of the aluminum alloy metal tube, the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy metal tube, and the ambient temperature, so that the calculation result is more accurate and reliable; Then, according to formula (2), the flow pressure of the aluminum alloy metal billet, the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the extrusion sleeve, and the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the extrusion rod, the actual force of the extruder 4 on the aluminum alloy metal billet is calculated, so that the calculation result is more accurate and reliable.

[0035] The controller controls the operation of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. The controller compares the actual force exerted by the extruder 4 on the aluminum alloy metal billet with the preset force range. When the actual force exceeds the preset force range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to promptly check the extruder 4 to see if it is damaged and replace it in time, thereby meeting the user's needs for the preparation device of this type of aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Raw material preparation: select aluminum alloy raw materials that meet the requirements, clean the surface of the raw materials, remove oil and oxide scale, and obtain the blank; Step 2: heating treatment, heating the blank to a suitable temperature range; Step 3: Mold assembly: assemble the preparation device to the bottom of the extruder to ensure the coaxiality of the mold and the extruder; Step 4: reverse extrusion operation, placing the heated billet into the preparation device, reversely extrude the billet through the extrusion shaft of the extruder, so that the billet passes through the forming end of the preparation device to form the required aluminum alloy tube.

2. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material selected in step one is 6061 aluminum alloy raw material.

3. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blank heating temperature in step 2 is 400-500°C.

4. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion speed of the extruder in step 4 is 5-10 mm / s.

5. A device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, applied to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A top plate (1) and a bottom plate (2), wherein the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2) are fixedly connected at their circumferential sides by a plurality of support rods (3), the bottom end of the top plate (1) is fixedly mounted with a fixed end of an extruder (4), the output end of the extruder (4) is fixedly mounted with an extrusion shaft (5), a limiting hole (6) is provided at the bottom end of the extrusion shaft (5), a workbench (7) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the bottom plate (2), a reverse extrusion die (8) is fixedly mounted at the top end of the workbench (7), a limiting block (9) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the inner wall of the reverse extrusion die (8), and the limiting block (9) cooperates with the limiting hole (6).

6. The device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reverse extrusion die (8) is also connected to a cooling and cleaning structure, which comprises: a liquid storage tank (10), the liquid storage tank (10) being fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (2), and the liquid storage tank (10) being provided with a liquid storage chamber (11) and a filter chamber (12) from top to bottom, the top of the liquid storage chamber (11) being in communication with a connecting pipe (13), and a valve (14) being fixedly mounted on the connecting pipe (13), and a water pump (15) being fixedly mounted at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber (11), and the output end of the water pump (15) being in communication with the liquid storage chamber (11). The input end of the water pump (15) is connected to the bottom end of the filter chamber (12) through a second connecting pipe (16); a filter plate (17) is fixedly installed in the filter chamber (12); the right end of the filter plate (17) is connected to a discharge pipe (18); a second valve (19) is fixedly installed on the discharge pipe (18); the left end of the filter plate (17) is connected to the bottom end of the reverse extrusion die (8) through a third connecting pipe (20); a fourth valve (34) is fixedly installed on the left end of the third connecting pipe (20); and the left end of the liquid storage tank (10) is also connected to a pressurized conveying assembly.

7. The device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressurized delivery assembly comprises: a pressurized box (21), the pressurized box (21) is fixedly mounted on the left end of the liquid storage tank (10), and the top end of the right side of the pressurized box (21) is connected to the top end of the reverse extrusion die (8) through a connecting pipe four (22), a valve three (23) is provided at the left end of the connecting pipe four (22), and a reverse flow valve one (24) is provided in the connecting pipe four (22), one end of the connecting pipe five (25) is connected to the right end of the pressurized box (21), and the other end of the connecting pipe five (25) is connected to the liquid storage chamber (11), and a reverse flow valve two (26) is provided in the connecting pipe five (25), and a piston (27) is slidably connected to the pressurized box (21) left and right. 1) on the inner wall, and one end of an L-shaped rod (28) is fixedly mounted on the left end of the piston (27), one end of a return spring (29) is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped rod (28), and the other end of the return spring (29) is fixedly mounted on the liquid storage tank (10), the fixed end of a drive motor (30) is fixedly mounted on the workbench (7), and the output end of the drive motor (30) is connected to a rotating shaft (31), the rotating shaft (31) passes through a connecting pipe (20) and is fixedly connected to a cam (32), and the cam (32) cooperates with the L-shaped rod (28), and a water-dispelling plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (31) in the connecting pipe (20).

8. The device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extruder (4) further comprises: A first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank before processing; A second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the blank after processing; A controller and an alarm, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm.

9. The device for preparing an aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, including the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the deformation resistance of the extruder (4) according to the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor in formula (1): （1）； in is the material coefficient of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the side pressure coefficient of the extruder (4) on the billet, is the inner diameter of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the length of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy reverse extrusion tube, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the ambient temperature; Step 2: Calculate the actual force exerted by the extruder (4) on the aluminum alloy metal billet according to the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual force exerted by the extruder (4) on the aluminum alloy metal billet When the actual force exceeds the preset force range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm. （2）； in is the flow pressure of aluminum alloy metal billet, is the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the reverse extrusion die (8), is the friction coefficient between the deformation zone of the aluminum alloy metal billet and the extrusion shaft (5), Take 3.14.

Images