Modularized replaceable gas atomization nozzle and equipment

Abstract

The nozzle comprises a base, an air inlet disc, a drainage ring and an upper cover which are sequentially installed from bottom to top, the base is used for being fixed in a smelting chamber, a through installation hole is formed in the base, the air inlet disc is fixedly installed in the installation hole, an air inlet hole is formed in the wall face of the air inlet disc, and the drainage ring is connected with the air inlet hole. The drainage ring and the upper cover are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the air inlet disc from the position above the air inlet disc, a space defined by the upper cover, the drainage ring and the air inlet disc forms an air inlet cavity, a downward protruding part is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the upper cover and inserted into the drainage ring, a circular seam outlet is formed between the upper cover and the drainage ring, and the air inlet hole, the air inlet cavity and the circular seam outlet are sequentially communicated. And a metal liquid flow channel is formed in the center of the upper cover. According to the gas atomization nozzle, through the split type and modular design, convenient disassembly and replacement are achieved, the downtime and the maintenance cost of equipment can be reduced, meanwhile, the drainage ring and the upper cover can be flexibly adjusted to meet different production requirements, and the production efficiency and the product quality can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing equipment and relates to an aerosol nozzle, and in particular to a modular replaceable aerosol nozzle and equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of metal powder preparation, especially in industries such as aerospace, biomedicine and additive manufacturing, the demand for high-quality metal powder is growing, and its preparation often relies on aerosol nozzle-related equipment; however, the existing aerosol nozzle design faces many challenges in practical applications: the integral nozzle is difficult to replace when blocked or worn, resulting in a complex disassembly process and high replacement cost, increasing equipment downtime and maintenance difficulty, affecting continuous production; at the same time, these nozzles lack flexibility and cannot quickly adjust atomization parameters according to raw materials or production needs, limiting the diversity and scope of application of products. In view of these problems, it is particularly necessary to optimize the design of aerosol nozzles to improve production efficiency and product quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular and replaceable aerosol nozzle to solve the problems encountered by traditional nozzles during use, such as the inconvenience of replacement and the inability to flexibly adjust parameters. The design of the present invention can develop a series of standardized and interchangeable nozzle assemblies, which can achieve rapid replacement and combination of nozzle components, whether they are of the same size or different sizes designed for different application scenarios. This not only simplifies the disassembly and assembly process required due to blockage or wear, reduces replacement costs, and reduces production line downtime, but also introduces the ability to flexibly adjust atomization parameters according to raw material types and production needs. This improvement not only enhances the adaptability of the system and the flexibility of production, but also further improves the output quality and production efficiency of metal powder, ensuring the smooth progress of continuous production.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A modular replaceable gas atomization nozzle comprises a base, an air inlet disk, a guide ring and an upper cover which are installed in sequence from bottom to top, the base being used to be fixed in a smelting chamber and having a through mounting hole thereon, the air inlet disk being fixedly installed in the mounting hole, the air inlet disk having a coaxial stepped through hole therein, the wall surface of which having an air inlet hole for introducing gas, the guide ring and the upper cover being coaxially arranged in the coaxial stepped through hole from above the air inlet disk in sequence, the space surrounded by the lower surface of the upper cover, the upper surface of the guide ring and the air inlet disk forming an air inlet cavity, and a downward protrusion at the center of the lower surface of the upper cover being inserted into the ring of the guide ring, forming an annular slit, i.e., an annular slit outlet, between the two, the air inlet hole, the air inlet cavity and the annular slit outlet being connected in sequence, and a through metal liquid flow channel being provided in the center of the upper cover.

[0006] In the above technical solution, further, the lower end surface of the downward protruding portion of the upper cover and the lower end surface of the guide ring are in the same plane.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper cover and the air inlet disc are matched with each other through one or more groups of annular grooves and annular bosses and fixed by screws.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide ring and the air inlet disk are fixed together by one or more groups of annular grooves and annular bosses.

[0009] Furthermore, the aerosol nozzle has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble, wherein the wall thickness b of the lower end surface of the guide ring is greater than 8 mm, which can effectively prevent the guide ring and the nozzle base from being damaged and the disassembly time from being prolonged due to the adhesion between the guide ring and the nozzle base when the metal liquid flow solidifies.

[0010] Furthermore, the air inlet cavity gradually contracts from top to bottom, and the annular gap outlet is successively a contraction section, a throat, and an expansion section from top to bottom. The transition between the lowest part of the air inlet cavity and the contraction section of the annular gap outlet is smooth, guiding the airflow to smoothly enter the annular gap outlet and reducing airflow flow losses.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper cover surface at the throat section of the annular gap outlet is parallel to the guide ring surface, and the distance between the two is the throat width d. The throat of the aerosol nozzle is designed as a parallel line structure to provide a stable airflow channel, reduce turbulence caused by changes in airflow direction, and reduce wear on the inner wall of the nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle formed by the center lines of the annular gap outlet throat, namely the injection angle θ, is set in the range of 10° to 80°.

[0013] Furthermore, the included angle between the upper cover surface and the guide ring surface at the expansion section of the annular gap outlet is an expansion angle α, and the range of the expansion angle α is set to 0° to 15°.

[0014] Furthermore, the height H1 of the throat section is 2d cos(θ / 2)~4d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projected length of the throat along the centerline of the nozzle is 2d~4d, and the height H2 of the expansion section is 2d cos(θ / 2)~8d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projected length of the expansion section along the centerline of the nozzle is 2d~8d.

[0015] Furthermore, a modular design is adopted to process a series of drainage rings and upper covers of the same size and / or different sizes by adjusting the throat section height H1, the expansion section height H2, the injection angle θ, the expansion angle α and the throat width d, and upper covers and drainage rings of different sizes are flexibly selected according to performance indicators such as the particle size and oxygen content of the prepared powder.

[0016] The present invention also provides an aerosol powder making device comprising any of the above modular replaceable aerosol nozzles.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The aerosol nozzle of the present invention realizes a convenient disassembly and replacement mechanism through the split design of the upper cover, the guide ring, the air inlet disk and the base, which significantly reduces the equipment downtime and maintenance costs caused by nozzle blockage and the like; at the same time, through the modular design of the guide ring and the upper cover, nozzle parts of various sizes can be provided, so that parameters such as the annular gap, the injection angle, and the expansion angle can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different raw materials and production requirements, thereby enhancing the diversity and application scope of the product, ensuring the continuous production and high output rate of metal fine powder, thereby greatly improving production efficiency and product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a modular replaceable aerosol nozzle in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part II;

[0021] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an upper cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an air intake disk in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a drainage ring in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of parameter settings of an annular gap outlet in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the size setting of the annular gap outlet in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. Upper cover; 2. Air inlet disk; 3. Base; 4. Air guide tube; 5. Drainage ring; 6. Annular gap outlet; 101. Liquid flow channel; 102. Annular boss of upper cover; 103. Step hole; 201. Air inlet hole; 202. Air inlet cavity; 203. First annular boss; 204. Second annular boss; 205. Annular groove of air inlet disk; 206. Threaded hole; 501. Inner step groove; 502. Outer step groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit its scope. The features and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description. It should be noted that all the accompanying drawings are shown in simplified form and are not drawn to exact proportions, and their purpose is only to assist in explaining the embodiments of the present invention in a clear and concise manner.

[0029] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a modular replaceable gas atomization nozzle, used for the preparation of metal powder, is an annular gap atomization nozzle device, the device comprising an upper cover 1, an air inlet disk 2, a base 3, and a guide ring 5;

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper cover 1, the air inlet disk 2, the base 3 and the guide ring 5 are coaxially arranged, and the air inlet disk 2 is nested in the through-hole of the base 3, and the guide ring 5 and the upper cover 1 are sequentially arranged in the coaxial stepped through-hole of the air inlet disk 2, and the base 3 is provided with stepped holes along the circumference, which are used to be fixed to the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts. The air inlet disk 2 is provided with air inlet holes along the circumference, and the base 3 is provided with an air inlet channel, which is connected to the air inlet channel through the air inlet pipe 4 to introduce gas into the air inlet hole, and the diameter of the air inlet hole can usually be set to 5-15mm.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the upper cover 1 has an annular boss 102 that matches the annular groove 205 on the air inlet disk 2, and the upper cover 1 is tightly fixed to the air inlet disk 2 by 6 screws distributed circumferentially. The lower part of the guide ring 5 is provided with 2 groups of annular grooves, and the inner upper end surface of the air inlet disk is provided with 2 groups of annular bosses that match the annular grooves of the guide ring. The guide ring is clamped and fixed in the air inlet disk by the second annular boss 204 of the air inlet disk matching the inner stepped groove 501, and the first annular boss 203 of the air inlet disk matching the outer stepped groove 502.

[0032] In the present invention, the upper cover 1, the air inlet disk 2 and the drainage ring 5 cooperate to form the air inlet cavity 202, and the upper cover 1 and the drainage ring 5 cooperate to form the annular gap outlet 6. Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the space surrounded by the lower surface of the upper cover 1, the upper surface of the drainage ring 5 and the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 forms the air inlet cavity, and the center of the lower surface of the upper cover 1 has a downward protrusion inserted into the ring of the drainage ring 5, and an annular slit, i.e., the annular gap outlet 6, is formed between the downward protrusion and the drainage ring, and the air inlet hole, the air inlet cavity and the annular gap outlet are sequentially connected.

[0033] A metal liquid flow channel 101 is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper cover 1 for installing a guide pipe, in which the molten metal flows from top to bottom. High-speed gas enters the air inlet plate from the air inlet pipe 4 and enters the air inlet cavity 202, where it is mixed to form a uniform and stable rotating airflow, and then ejected from the annular gap outlet 6 at a high speed, blowing the molten metal flowing out of the liquid flow channel 101 into metal powder.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the lower end surface of the downward protrusion of the upper cover 1 is in the same plane as the lower end surface of the guide ring 5. The wall thickness b of the lower end surface of the guide ring 5 should usually be greater than 8mm, and can be set to 8mm to 12mm, which can effectively prevent the guide ring and the nozzle base from sticking when the metal liquid flow solidifies. If the nozzle is blocked, this structural design facilitates the rapid replacement of the guide ring 5, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency and operational reliability of the equipment, reducing downtime, and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the production process.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the vertical section of the air inlet cavity is composed of contour lines Y1-Y2 and contour lines S1-S2. The air inlet cavity gradually shrinks, and S1-S2 is an arc segment with a smooth transition, which guides the airflow to enter the annular gap outlet 6 smoothly and reduces the airflow flow loss. The section of the annular gap outlet 6 along the vertical direction is composed of contour lines Y2-Y5 and S2-S5, wherein contour lines Y2-Y3 and contour lines S2-S3 form the contraction section of the annular gap outlet, contour lines Y3-Y4 and contour lines S3-S4 form the throat of the annular gap outlet, and contour lines Y4-Y5 and contour lines S4-S5 form the expansion section of the annular gap outlet.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the angle formed by the center line of the throat is the injection angle θ, which can be set in the range of 10° to 80°. This angle setting can effectively control the particle size of the metal powder, avoiding the formation of flakes or nozzle clogging due to the powder being too fine due to the angle being too large, and also avoiding insufficient atomization due to the angle being too small, resulting in excessively large particles. By optimizing the interaction between the airflow and the molten metal, reducing the formation of reflected waves, and avoiding the reflux zone close to the molten metal inlet, the stability and efficiency of the atomization process are ensured. At the same time, while maintaining the appropriate suction force in the atomization zone, ensure that the molten metal has enough time and space to be fully broken, obtain uniform and fine metal powder, and improve the overall production efficiency and powder quality.

[0037] The throat is composed of two parallel contour lines Y3-Y4 and S3-S4, and the width of the throat is d. The throat of the atomizing nozzle is designed as a parallel line structure to provide a stable airflow channel, reduce turbulence caused by changes in airflow direction, and reduce wear on the inner wall of the nozzle. The throat section height H1, H1 is set to 2d cos(θ / 2)~4d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projection length of the throat along the center axis of the nozzle is 2d-4d. This height setting can ensure that the airflow remains stable when passing through the throat, reduce turbulence, and improve the interaction efficiency between the airflow and the metal droplets. At the same time, it avoids the attenuation of the airflow velocity caused by the excessively long throat, helps to form a uniform high-speed airflow field, and optimizes the atomization effect.

[0038] The expansion section is symmetrically distributed along the extension line of the central axis of the throat, and the expansion section angle is the expansion angle α, which is set between 0° and 15°. The expansion section length H2. H2 is set to 2d cos(θ / 2)~8d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projected length of the expansion section along the central axis of the nozzle is 2d-8d. The setting of this angle and height can better balance the airflow acceleration and stability, form an effective supersonic airflow, and thus improve the atomization effect.

[0039] The total height of the annular seam outlet is H0, and the distance between the intersection of the annular seam outlet axis and the contour line of the lower end face of the drainage ring is D. H0 and D can be set to fixed values. By adjusting the throat section height H1, the expansion section length H2, the injection angle θ, the expansion angle α and the throat width d, a series of drainage rings 5 ​​and upper covers 1 of different sizes can be processed to meet different powder requirements. For example, the drainage ring and upper cover can be flexibly selected according to performance indicators such as powder particle size and oxygen content. This modular design allows each component to be produced in a standardized manner, which not only improves the flexibility and adaptability of the equipment, but also facilitates the rapid adjustment of system parameters according to specific needs to ensure the optimization of the atomization process, thereby improving production efficiency and powder quality.

[0040] The above-described embodiments are only some of the preferred solutions of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular replaceable aerosol nozzle, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a base, an air inlet disk, a drainage ring and an upper cover which are installed in sequence from bottom to top, the base is used to be fixed in the smelting chamber, a through installation hole is opened on the base, the air inlet disk is fixedly installed in the installation hole, a coaxial stepped through hole is opened in the air inlet disk, and an air inlet hole is opened on the wall surface for introducing gas, the drainage ring and the upper cover are coaxially arranged in the coaxial stepped through hole from above the air inlet disk in sequence, the lower surface of the upper cover, the upper surface of the drainage ring and the air inlet disk form an air inlet cavity, and a downward protrusion is inserted into the ring of the drainage ring at the center of the lower surface of the upper cover, and an annular slit, i.e., an annular slit outlet, is formed between the two, the air inlet hole, the air inlet cavity and the annular slit outlet are connected in sequence, and a through metal liquid flow channel is provided in the center of the upper cover.

2. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the downward protruding portion of the upper cover and the lower end surface of the drainage ring are in the same plane.

3. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover and the air inlet disk are matched with an annular boss through one or more groups of annular grooves and annular bosses and fixed by screws, and the guide ring and the air inlet disk are matched with one or more groups of annular grooves and annular bosses and fixed.

4. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall thickness b of the lower end surface of the drainage ring is greater than 8 mm.

5. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet cavity is gradually contracted from top to bottom, and the annular gap outlet is successively a contraction section, a throat, and an expansion section from top to bottom. The transition between the lowest part of the air inlet cavity and the contraction section of the annular gap outlet is smooth, guiding the airflow to smoothly enter the annular gap outlet.

6. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper cover surface at the throat section of the annular gap outlet is parallel to the drainage ring surface, and the distance between the two is the throat width d.

7. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle formed by the center lines of the annular gap outlet throat is the injection angle θ, which is set in the range of 10° to 80°.

8. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height H1 of the throat section is 2d cos(θ / 2)~4d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projected length of the throat along the centerline of the nozzle is 2d~4d, and the height H2 of the expansion section is 2d cos(θ / 2)~8d cos(θ / 2), that is, the projected length of the expansion section along the centerline of the nozzle is 2d~8d.

9. The modular replaceable aerosol nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the upper cover surface and the drainage ring surface at the expansion section of the annular gap outlet is an expansion angle α, and the range of the expansion angle is set to 0° to 15°.

10. An aerosol powder making device, characterized in that: Comprising a modular replaceable aerosol nozzle as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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