A multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment, comprising: a frame; a transmission assembly including a drive unit and two conveyor belts; two loading / unloading assemblies, located at opposite ends of the transmission assembly, including a lifting unit and a basket; a laser irradiation device; and a flipping assembly including a flipping trough and a switching unit, the switching unit being used to switch the flipping trough to a loading station, an unloading station, or an avoidance station. This multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment uses the loading / unloading assembly to place batches of solar cells one by one onto the transmission assembly and to collect the grooved solar cells one by one. The flipping assembly allows adjustment of the contact surface between the solar cells and the transmission assembly, and the flipping trough can also be moved to an avoidance station. Combined with the laser device, it enables single-sided and double-sided grooving, improving processing efficiency and avoiding damage caused by squeezing the solar cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar cell passivation technology, and in particular to a multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment. Background Technology

[0002] In the passivation process of solar cells, laser grooving is typically used to remove localized passivation films (such as aluminum oxide passivation films). This facilitates the formation of an aluminum back field in the localized area, allowing current to be drawn out from one side of the cell to form the electrode. Compared to other grooving methods, laser grooving can precisely control the depth and width of the grooves without damaging the silicon crystal structure, reducing damage to the cell and ensuring its stability and efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the Chinese patent document with announcement number CN219324880U, a laser grooving device for double-sided passivation of solar cells is disclosed. By moving the third bolt, the rotating fixture is rotated, thereby flipping the solar panel, which facilitates the laser device to perform grooving processing on both sides of the solar panel. The dust and debris generated during the grooving process are collected by a dust collection device, which is safe and environmentally friendly.

[0004] However, the aforementioned device requires manual use of a rotating clamp to secure the solar panel and perform flipping operations. Since each panel is manually controlled individually, the operation is cumbersome and cannot quickly groove process batches of solar panels. Furthermore, when using the rotating clamp to hold and fix the solar panel, the poor structural strength of the solar panel itself results in a compressive force being applied during clamping. The laser grooving also damages the surface structure of the solar panel, further reducing its structural strength and making it prone to breakage during processing. Moreover, during processing, the laser device overlaps the grooving positions on both sides of the solar panel, resulting in an insufficiently thin grooved portion, reducing the structural strength and making the solar panel easily breakable. Additionally, during laser grooving, the high energy density of the laser beam causes the solar panel surface to rapidly convert light energy into heat energy, leading to a sharp increase in local temperature. This high temperature causes local melting and thermal expansion of the solar panel, affecting the accuracy and edge quality of the grooving. Furthermore, the thermal stress from the temperature gradient may cause cracks on the surface or inside the solar panel, reducing its mechanical and electrical properties.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing laser grooving devices used for passivation processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment that improves processing efficiency and quality, reduces damage to the battery cell structure, and avoids damage to the battery cell.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is: a multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment, comprising:

[0008] frame;

[0009] The transmission component includes a drive unit and two transmission belts arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. The transmission direction and distribution direction of the two transmission belts are a first direction and a second direction, respectively. The first direction and the second direction are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other. The distance between the sides of the two transmission belts that are far apart from each other is less than the width of the battery cell. The drive unit drives the two transmission belts to rotate at the same speed in their circumference.

[0010] The loading and unloading assembly includes two components located at both ends of the transmission assembly. Each loading and unloading assembly includes a lifting unit mounted on the frame and a basket detachably connected to the output end of the lifting unit. The basket includes a bearing unit positioned opposite each other on both sides of the transmission assembly. Each bearing unit includes a vertical bar extending in the vertical direction and support bars spaced apart on the vertical bar along its length.

[0011] A laser irradiation device is located directly above the transmission component, and the laser irradiation device irradiates downwards a laser beam distributed along a second direction between the two transmission belts;

[0012] A material-turning assembly is disposed between one end of the laser irradiation device and the transmission assembly. The material-turning assembly includes a material-turning trough and a switching unit. The material-turning trough extends along a second direction. The switching unit is used to switch the material-turning trough to a loading station, a unloading station, or a clearance station. In the loading station, the material-turning trough faces the laser beam irradiated by the laser irradiation device, and its two side walls are located above and below the transmission surface of the transmission assembly, respectively. The distance between the top side wall of the material-turning trough and the transmission surface of the transmission assembly is greater than or equal to the thickness of the battery cell. The material-turning trough in the unloading station is arranged back-to-back with the loading station trough and its ends are flush. In the clearance station, the material-turning assembly is located directly above the transmission surface of the transmission assembly, and there is a gap between them for the battery cell to pass through.

[0013] Preferably, in order to facilitate flexible adjustment of the position of the material turning trough and quickly adjust it to the loading station, unloading station or avoidance station, the switching unit includes a telescopic unit and a rotating unit. The telescopic unit is set on the frame and its output end moves in the vertical direction. The output end of the telescopic unit is connected to the rotating unit. The rotating unit drives the material turning trough to rotate and the rotation axis is parallel to the second direction.

[0014] Preferably, in order to control the position of the battery cell on the transmission surface of the transmission component and improve the grooving accuracy, a material guiding component is also included. The material guiding component is disposed on the side of the flipping component close to the laser irradiation device, and is used to guide the position of the battery cell on the transmission surface of the transmission component along the second direction.

[0015] Preferably, in order to realize the function of guiding the battery cells, the guiding assembly includes two guiding members arranged facing each other along the second direction and adjacent to the upper part of the transmission surface of the transmission assembly. The two guiding members are both arranged horizontally, and the two transmission belts are located between the two guiding members.

[0016] Preferably, in order to guide the position of the battery cell on the transmission surface of the transmission component, each guide component includes a guide strip. The guide strip includes a straight strip extending along a first direction and a transition strip disposed at the end of the straight strip. The transition strips of the two guide components facing each other are constricted along the feeding direction and widened along the discharging direction.

[0017] Preferably, in order to facilitate the movement of the battery cells on the transmission assembly and reduce the friction during the movement of the battery cells, each guide component further includes a guide wheel distributed along the extension direction of the guide bar and rotating around its own axis. The axis of the guide wheel extends in the vertical direction, and the wheel surface of the guide wheel protrudes from the plane of the side of the guide component closest to the transmission assembly.

[0018] Preferably, in order to adjust the grooving position of the laser irradiation device on the battery cell, the material guiding assembly further includes a translation unit. The translation unit drives the two material guiding components to move synchronously along the second direction so that after adjusting the grooving position of the laser irradiation device on both sides of the battery cell, the grooving positions on both sides of the battery cell are staggered.

[0019] Preferably, in order to improve the laser grooving accuracy, a cooling component is also included. The cooling component includes an air blowing pipe that extends parallel to the second direction directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component and is adjacent to the laser irradiation device. The circumferential sidewall of the air blowing pipe is provided with downward air blowing holes. The air blowing pipe is connected to an air pump, and the input end of the air pump is connected to a filter component.

[0020] Preferably, in order to prevent the emission of harmful gases generated during cutting, and in order to further achieve cooling and ensure stable transmission of the battery cells, the filter assembly includes a filter shell located adjacent to the transmission surface of the transmission assembly and directly below the air blowing pipe. A filter element is provided inside the filter shell, and the top surface of the filter shell is densely covered with negative pressure suction holes.

[0021] Preferably, in order to ensure the cooling effect on the solar cells and thus further improve the laser grooving accuracy of the solar cells, a cooling pipe is fixedly connected between the output end of the air pump and the air blowing pipe. The cooling pipe is connected to a liquid cooling assembly. The liquid cooling assembly includes a liquid cooling box, a liquid cooling shell fixedly sleeved outside the cooling pipe, a liquid cooling pump and a return pipe fixedly connected to the liquid cooling shell. The liquid cooling shell and the cooling pipe enclose a liquid cooling cavity. The input end of the liquid cooling pump is connected to the liquid cooling box, and the end of the return pipe away from the liquid cooling shell is located inside the liquid cooling box.

[0022] In summary, compared with the prior art, the multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation processing of the present invention enables the batch of battery cells to be placed one by one on the transmission component and the grooved battery cells to be collected one by one through the loading and unloading components. The flipping component can adjust the contact surface between the battery cells and the transmission component. At the same time, the flipping trough can also be moved to the avoidance position. In conjunction with the laser device, single-sided grooving and double-sided grooving can be realized, improving processing efficiency and avoiding damage caused by squeezing the battery cells. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An explosion diagram;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading and unloading assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An explosion diagram;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material turning component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 An explosion diagram;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the transmission component and the material guiding component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Top view;

[0033] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 An illustration of the explosion from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling component and the liquid cooling component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 An explosion diagram;

[0036] Figure 14 yes Figure 12 An illustration of the explosion from another perspective;

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Channel; 12. Transmission support; 13. Crossbeam; 14. First distance sensor; 2. Transmission assembly; 21. Drive unit; 211. Drive motor; 212. Transmission wheel; 213. Concentric shaft; 22. Conveyor belt; 24. Side plate; 25. Slide tube; 26. Bearing; 3. Battery cell; 4. Loading / unloading assembly; 41. Lifting unit; 411. Lifting motor; 412. Screw; 413. Screw sleeve; 414. Guide rod; 415. Guide tube ; 416. Connecting groove; 417. Butt hole; 418. Bolt; 419. Nut; 42. Basket; 421. Vertical bar; 422. Support bar; 423. Top plate; 424. Connecting seat; 425. Back bar; 426. Insertion hole; 43. Protective shell; 5. Laser irradiation device; 6. Turning assembly; 61. Turning trough; 611. Turning cylinder; 612. Radial limit frame; 613. Axial limit frame; 62. Telescopic unit; 621. Electric push rod; 622. Guide rod; 6 23. Guide sleeve; 624. Movable frame; 63. Rotating unit; 631. Rotary motor; 632. Rotating shaft; 633. Rotating sleeve; 64. Second distance sensor; 7. Material guiding assembly; 71. Material guiding component; 711. Material guiding bar; 7111. Straight bar; 7112. Transition bar; 72. Guide wheel; 73. Translation unit; 731. Translation motor; 732. Lead screw; 733. Bushing; 734. Third distance sensor; 74. Vertical rod; 75. Horizontal bar; 76. Slide rod; 8. Cooling assembly; 81. Air blowing pipe; 811. Air blowing hole; 82. Air pump; 821. Cooling pipe; 822. Heat exchange plate; 83. Filter assembly; 831. Filter shell; 8311. Negative pressure suction hole; 8312. Shell; 8213. Shell cover; 8314. Inner convex edge; 8315. Positioning pressure frame; 832. Filter element; 8321. Filter barrel; 8322. Outer flange; 9. Liquid cooling assembly; 91. Liquid cooling box; 92. Liquid cooling shell; 93. Liquid cooling pump; 94. Return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1-14 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment, comprising:

[0040] Rack 1;

[0041] The transmission component 2 includes a drive unit 21 and two transmission belts 22 arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. The transmission direction and distribution direction of the two transmission belts 22 are a first direction and a second direction, respectively. The first direction and the second direction are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other. The distance between the sides of the two transmission belts 22 that are far apart from each other is less than the width of the battery cell 3. The drive unit 21 drives the two transmission belts 22 to rotate at the same speed in their own circumference.

[0042] The loading and unloading assembly 4 has two components, which are located at both ends of the transmission assembly 2. The loading and unloading assembly 4 includes a lifting unit 41 mounted on the frame 1 and a basket 42 detachably connected to the output end of the lifting unit 41. The basket 42 includes a bearing unit facing the two sides of the transmission assembly 2. The bearing unit includes a vertical bar 421 extending in the vertical direction and support bars 422 arranged on the vertical bar 421 and spaced apart along the length of the vertical bar 421.

[0043] The laser irradiation device 5 is located directly above the transmission component 2. The laser irradiation device 5 irradiates downwards a laser beam distributed between the two transmission belts 22 along the second direction.

[0044] The material turning component 6 is disposed between one end of the laser irradiation device 5 and the transmission component 2. The material turning component 6 includes a material turning trough 61 and a switching unit. The material turning trough 61 extends along the second direction. The switching unit is used to switch the material turning trough 61 to the loading station, unloading station, or avoidance station. In the loading station, the material turning trough 61 faces the laser beam irradiated by the laser irradiation device 5 and its two side walls are located above and below the transmission surface of the transmission component 2, respectively. The distance between the top side wall of the material turning trough 61 and the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the battery cell 3. The material turning trough 61 in the unloading station is arranged back to back with the station trough in the loading station and its ends are flush. In the avoidance station, the material turning component 6 is located directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component 2, and there is a gap between them for the battery cell 3 to pass through.

[0045] In this device, the loading and unloading assembly 4 mainly includes a lifting unit 41 and a basket 42. The output end of the lifting unit 41 is detachably connected to the basket 42, making it easy to remove the basket 42 and load or unload the battery cells 3 onto the support bars 422 of the basket 42. When the basket 42 is connected to the lifting unit 41, the lifting and moving of the basket 42 can be controlled by the lifting unit 41 so that the battery cells 3 can be placed on the two conveyor belts 22 at one end of the transmission assembly 2, i.e., unloading operation, or the battery cells 3 mounted on the two conveyor belts 22 can be removed from the transmission assembly 2 at the other end of the transmission assembly 2, i.e., loading operation.

[0046] Depending on the application requirements, this device can perform single-sided laser grooving or double-sided laser grooving on the battery cell 3 to meet different application needs.

[0047] Specifically, when it is necessary to laser-groove one side of the battery cell 3, the switching unit controls the flipping trough 61 to move to the avoidance position and stay in the avoidance position, so that the entire flipping component 6 is located directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 and the gap between the flipping component 6 and the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 is greater than the thickness of the battery cell 3, so that the battery cell 3 can pass through.

[0048] After the material turning trough 61 moves to the avoidance station, the battery cell 3 is loaded into the basket 42 in the loading and unloading assembly 4 on the side of the laser irradiation device 5 away from the material turning assembly 6 (for easy distinction, this loading and unloading assembly 4 is marked as the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4, while the other loading and unloading assembly 4 is marked as the discharging side loading and unloading assembly 4). The basket 42 is then connected to the output end of the lifting unit 41. In the two loading and unloading assemblies 4, the projections of the two support bars 422 of the basket 42 on the horizontal plane are located outside the projections of the two conveyor belts 22 on the horizontal plane, so that the support bars 422 will not contact the conveyor belts 22 during the lifting and moving of the basket 42.

[0049] In the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4, the height position of the basket 42 is gradually adjusted by the lifting unit 41 so that the bottom surface of the battery cell 3 supported by the support bar 422 in the basket 42 contacts the upper layer of the conveyor belt 22. The drive unit 21 in the transmission assembly 2 drives the two conveyor belts 22 to keep running continuously, so that after the bottom surface of the battery cell 3 contacts the upper layer of the conveyor belt 22, the battery cell 3 can be moved along the first direction by the conveyor belt 22 rotating along its own circumference.

[0050] When the battery cell 3 moves below the laser irradiation device 5, the laser irradiation device 5 continuously irradiates the battery cell 3 with multiple laser beams distributed along the second direction. This, combined with the rotation of the conveyor belt 22, moves the battery cell 3, achieving laser grooving on the top surface of the battery cell 3. In this invention, to form multiple laser beams distributed side-by-side, the laser irradiation device 5 preferably adopts a multi-beam light emitting device disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN220863001U.

[0051] After the solar cell 3 passes directly under the laser irradiation device 5, the laser irradiation device 5 stops operating. The transmission component 2 continues to move the solar cell 3 horizontally, placing it above one of the support bars 422 of the basket 42 in the discharge-side loading and unloading component 4. The lifting unit 41 controls the basket 42 to move upward by the distance between two adjacent support bars 422. Meanwhile, the lifting unit 41 in the feeding-side loading and unloading component 4 controls the basket 42 to descend by the distance between two adjacent support bars 422. In this way, the solar cells 3 are released one by one onto the two conveyor belts 22 of the transmission component 2. The solar cells 3 are then supported and moved horizontally by the two conveyor belts 22. After being laser-grooved by the laser irradiation device 5, they are then placed above the support bars 422 of the basket 42 in the discharge-side loading and unloading component 4. In this way, single-sided laser grooving of a batch of solar cells 3 is achieved.

[0052] When double-sided laser grooving is required for batches of battery cells 3, the switching unit controls the flipping trough 61 to switch back and forth between the loading station and the unloading station. In the initial state, the flipping trough 61 is in the loading station. At this time, the two inner sidewalls of the flipping trough 61 are set horizontally and are located above and below the transmission surface of the transmission component 2, respectively. The gap between the upper inner sidewall and the horizontal plane where the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 is located is greater than the thickness of the battery cell 3.

[0053] In the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4, the lifting unit 41 periodically lowers the height of the basket 42, and the descent of the basket 42 each time is equal to the distribution spacing of the adjacent support bars 422, so that the battery cells 3 carried by each support bar 422 of the basket 42 fall onto the conveyor belt 22 one by one from low to high. Through the transmission belt 22 rotated by the drive unit 21, each battery cell 3 is driven to move horizontally along the first direction.

[0054] The battery cell 3 passes below the laser irradiation device 5, which irradiates one side of the battery cell 3 with a laser. Combined with the movement of the conveyor belt 22, the battery cell 3 undergoes single-sided grooving. After entering the inner wall of the top of the turning trough 61, the switching unit controls the turning trough 61 to move to the unloading station. At this time, the opening of the turning trough 61 faces the unloading assembly 4 on the discharge side, and the two inner walls of the turning trough 61 are horizontally positioned above and below the transmission surface of the conveyor assembly 2. The distance between the top side wall and the transmission surface of the conveyor assembly 2 is greater than the thickness of the battery cell 3. The battery cell 3 was previously added... The working side of the cell is facing down and in contact with the conveyor belt 22. It is transferred by the conveyor belt 22 to one of the support bars 422 of the loading and unloading assembly 4 on the discharge side. Then the loading and unloading assembly 42 rises, and the switching unit switches the flipping trough 61 to the loading station, so that the flipping trough 61 can receive other cell 3 processed by the laser irradiation device 5. By switching to the unloading station, the grooved cell 3 is flipped over, so that each cell 3 can enter the support bars 422 of the loading and unloading assembly 4 on the discharge side one by one from bottom to top, with the laser-grooved side of the cell 3 facing down.

[0055] When all the battery cells 3 in the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4 have completed one cut and their orientation and position have been adjusted by the flipping assembly 6 so that the cut side faces down and they are moved horizontally into the support bars 422 of the discharging side loading and unloading assembly 4 by the conveyor belt 22, the switching unit adjusts the flipping trough 61 to the avoidance position to form a gap for the battery cells 3 to pass through.

[0056] Then, the drive unit 21 drives the two conveyor belts 22 to rotate continuously and stably in the opposite direction. The lifting unit 41 in the discharge side loading and unloading assembly 4 controls the basket 42 to descend periodically. Each descent is equal to the distribution spacing of two adjacent support bars 422, so that the slotted side of each battery cell 3 contacts the upper layer of the conveyor belt 22. Through the reverse rotating conveyor belt 22, each battery cell 3 is driven to move in the opposite direction. When passing through the laser irradiation device 5, the laser irradiation device 5 radiates a laser beam downward, thereby processing the un-grooved side of the battery cell 3 to form a secondary laser grooving.

[0057] After the solar cell 3 undergoes secondary laser grooving, it enters the support bar 422 of the basket 42 in the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4. The lifting unit 41 drives the basket 42 to rise periodically, with each rise being equal to the spacing between two adjacent support bars 422. This ensures that after the secondary laser grooving, each solar cell 3 enters the support bar 422 of the basket 42 in the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4 one by one from bottom to top in an orderly manner. After each solar cell 3 enters the basket 42, the basket 42 in the feeding side loading and unloading assembly 4 can be disassembled and separated from the output end of the lifting unit 41.

[0058] Therefore, the laser grooving device of the present invention can meet a variety of different usage needs. It can perform single-sided laser grooving of the battery cell 3 or double-sided laser grooving. During the grooving process, the position of the laser irradiation device 5 remains fixed, and the drive unit 21 drives the conveyor belt 22 to move, thereby forming a groove on the surface of the battery cell 3. This avoids structural damage to the battery cell 3 caused by compression and ensures the quality of laser grooving. Furthermore, the lifting unit 41 controls the lifting and moving of the basket 42, and the switching unit in the flipping component 6 flexibly controls the flipping trough 61 to switch between the loading station, unloading station, and avoidance station. This realizes the automatic loading, unloading, and flipping functions of the battery cell 3, avoiding damage to the battery cell 3, ensuring processing efficiency, and facilitating high-quality and rapid laser grooving of batches of battery cells 3 to meet different requirements.

[0059] In this invention, the specific structure of frame 1 is as follows: Figures 1-3 As shown, the frame 1 includes a channel 11 with an inverted U-shaped cross-section. The top ends of the channel 11 are connected to two loading / unloading components 4, respectively. A transmission support 12 is installed inside the channel 11, and the transmission component 2 is installed above the transmission support 12. Two horizontal beams 13 extending in the second direction are installed inside the channel 11. The two ends of the beams 13 are fixedly connected to the two inner side walls of the channel 11, respectively. The bottom surface of one beam 13 is connected to the switching unit, and the other beam 13 is fixedly connected to the laser irradiation device 5. A first distance sensor 14 is installed on the beam 13, pointing downward and adjacent to the laser irradiation device 5. The projection of the first distance sensor 14 on the horizontal plane is located between the projections of the two conveyor belts 22 on the horizontal plane, so as to detect whether there is a battery cell 3 passing below the first distance sensor 14. When a battery cell 3 passes, the laser irradiation device 5 irradiates multiple laser beams downward, which facilitates laser grooving of the top surface of the battery cell 3 passing below the first distance sensor 14.

[0060] The specific structure of transmission component 2 is as follows: Figures 9-11As shown, the transmission assembly 2 also includes two side plates 24 distributed along the second direction. The length direction of the two side plates 24 is the first direction. The side plates 24 are vertically arranged and their bottoms are fixed above the two sides of the transmission bracket 12. The transmission belt 22 is located inside the side plates 24. The drive unit 21 includes a drive motor 211. The housing of the drive motor 211 is fixed on one of the side plates 24. The drive unit 21 also includes transmission wheels 212 located at both ends inside the transmission belt 22. The transmission wheels 212 are connected to the transmission belt 22. The output end of the drive motor 211 is fixedly connected to one pair of transmission wheels 212 along the coaxial center line. The other pair of transmission wheels 212 are fixedly connected to the other pair of transmission wheels 212 along the coaxial center line through a coaxial shaft 213. The transmission wheels 212 are connected to bearings 26. The inner ring of the bearing 26 is fixedly connected to the transmission wheel 212 along the coaxial center line, and the outer ring is fixed on the side plate 24. The distance between the two conveyor belts 22 is greater than half the width of the battery cell 3, and the distance between the two conveyor belts 22 on the sides that are far apart from each other is less than the width of the battery cell 3. This allows the two conveyor belts 22 to provide horizontal support for the battery cell 3, and the battery cell 3 can be moved by rotating the conveyor belts 22 in their circumferential direction.

[0061] After the transmission component 2 adopts the above structure, the drive motor 211 starts, driving one pair of transmission wheels 212 to rotate around its own axis. At the same time, with the cooperation of the other pair of transmission wheels 212, the two transmission belts 22 rotate around their own circumference, thereby realizing the translational transmission of the battery cell 3.

[0062] The specific structure of the loading and unloading assembly 4 is as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the flower basket 42 includes a horizontal top plate 423. On the lower sides of the top plate 423, there are two support units spaced apart along the length of the side. Each support unit includes a vertical strip 421 fixed below the top plate 423. The inner side of the vertical strip 421 is fixed with a horizontally arranged support strip 422 that is equally spaced along the vertical direction. The interval between two adjacent support strips 422 is greater than the thickness of the battery cell 3, which facilitates the storage and retrieval of the battery cell 3. On the remaining two sides of the top plate 423, a back strip 425 extending along the vertical direction is fixed below one side. The back strip 425 faces the transmission component 2. When the transmission component 2 moves the battery cell 3 towards the flower basket 42, the back strip 425 can limit the range of motion of the battery cell 3 and prevent the battery cell 3 from leaving the support range of the support strip 422.

[0063] The lifting unit 41 includes a lifting motor 411, which is fixedly connected to a protective shell 43 with an open top. The top of the protective shell 43 is fixed below the channel 11. The lifting motor 411 is fixed inside the protective shell 43 with its output end facing downward. A screw 412, which seals and penetrates the bottom of the protective shell 43, is fixedly connected to the coaxial centerline. A screw sleeve 413 is threadedly connected to the screw 412. A connecting groove 416 with its opening facing downward is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screw sleeve 413. Guide rods 414 and guide tubes 415, which extend vertically and slide in cooperation, are provided on both sides of the connecting groove 416. The bottom end of the guide rod 414 is fixedly connected to the connecting groove 416, and the top end of the guide tube 415 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the protective shell 43. The basket 42 is detachably connected to the connecting groove 416.

[0064] With the above structure, after the lifting motor 411 starts, it drives the screw 412 to rotate around its own axis, which acts on the screw sleeve 413. Under the action of the slidingly fitted guide rod 414 and guide tube 415, the screw sleeve 413 drives the connecting groove 416 to move stably in the vertical direction, thereby driving the flower basket 42 below to move up and down.

[0065] To enable a quick and detachable connection between the flower basket 42 and the lifting unit 41, a connecting seat 424 is fixed above the top plate 423. The connecting seat 424 has two insertion holes 426 distributed along a second direction. The thickness of the connecting seat 424 is the same as the width of the connecting groove 416. The side wall of the connecting groove 416 has mating holes 417 corresponding to the two insertion holes 426. Bolts 418 are threaded through the insertion holes 426 and the mating holes 417, and nuts 419 are threaded onto the bolts 418. The threaded connection of the bolts 418 and nuts 419 facilitates the detachable connection between the connecting groove 416 and the connecting seat 424, thereby enabling a detachable connection between the flower basket 42 and the lifting unit 41.

[0066] A further improvement is to switch the telescopic unit 62 and the rotating unit 63. The telescopic unit 62 is mounted on the frame 1 and its output end moves in the vertical direction. The output end of the telescopic unit 62 is connected to the rotating unit 63. The rotating unit 63 drives the turning trough 61 to rotate and the rotation axis is parallel to the second direction.

[0067] With the above structure, the telescopic unit 62 controls the rotation unit 63 and the tilting trough 61 to move vertically, adjusting the height of the tilting trough 61. When the telescopic unit 62 retracts upward, the height of the tilting trough 61 increases, and the rotation unit 63 adjusts the tilting trough 61 to a horizontal position, placing it in a clearance position to facilitate the passage of the battery cells 3 on the conveyor belt 22. The telescopic unit 62 can also control the rotation unit 63 to descend, adjusting the tilting trough 61 to a horizontal position. At this time, the tilting trough 61 is positioned... At either the loading or unloading station, specifically, when the opening of the flipping trough 61 faces the irradiation range of the laser irradiation device 5, the flipping trough 61 is located at the loading station. After the flipping trough 61 receives the battery cell 3 from the conveyor belt 22, it rotates 180° to switch the flipping trough 61 to the unloading station, so that the slotted side of the battery cell 3 faces down and contacts the upper layer of the conveyor belt 22. After moving away from the flipping trough 61 by the rotation of the conveyor belt 22, the flipping trough 61 rotates in the opposite direction along the original path to adjust the flipping trough 61 to the loading station.

[0068] The specific structure of the material turning component 6 is as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the material turning trough 61 includes a material turning cylinder 611 with the axial direction in the second direction. Two radial limiting frames 612 are provided on the circumferential sidewall of the material turning cylinder 611, which are directly opposite and adjacent to each other. The spacing width of the radial limiting frames 612 is greater than twice the thickness of the battery cell 3. The radial limiting frames 612 form the two inner sidewalls of the material turning trough 61, and the circumferential outer edge of the material turning cylinder 611 forms the inner bottom wall of the material turning trough 61.

[0069] The telescopic unit 62 includes an electric push rod 621, a guide rod 622, a guide sleeve 623, and a movable frame 624. The movable frame 624 is vertically arranged and has a U-shaped structure with its opening facing downwards. The electric push rod 621 and the guide rod 622 are both fixed below the crossbeam 13. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 621 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 624. A guide sleeve 623 extending vertically is fixed on the side of the movable frame 624 away from the electric push rod 621. The guide rod 622 and the guide sleeve 623 are slidably engaged. The rotating unit 63 includes a rotating motor 631, a rotating shaft 632, and a rotating sleeve 633. The rotating motor 631 and the rotating sleeve 633 are respectively fixed below both ends of the movable frame 624. The rotating motor 631 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 632 along the same axis. The other end of the rotating shaft 632 rotates around its own axis within the rotating sleeve 633. The rotating shaft 632 is fixedly connected to the turning cylinder 611 along the same axis.

[0070] After the switching unit adopts the above structure, the electric push rod 621 of the telescopic unit 62 is activated. Through the slidingly engaged guide rod 622 and guide sleeve 623, the movable frame 624 moves stably in the vertical direction, adjusting the height position of the tilting trough 61. The rotary motor 631 drives the rotating shaft 632 to rotate stably under the support of the rotating sleeve 633, adjusting the height position of the tilting trough 61. When the tilting trough 61 is horizontal and the movable frame 624 is retracted upward to the highest position by the electric push rod 621, the tilting trough 61 is in the clearance position; when the tilting trough 61 is horizontal and the movable frame 624 is pushed downward to the lowest position by the electric push rod 621, the tilting trough 61 is in the loading or unloading position.

[0071] In order to limit the battery cell 3 entering the turning trough 61 in the second direction, an axial limiting frame 613 is fixed on the rotating shaft 632, which is located at both ends of the turning trough 61. The spacing of the axial limiting frame 613 is slightly larger than the width of the battery cell 3, so as to facilitate the limiting of the battery cell 3. In addition, a downward second distance sensor 64 is also provided on the movable frame 624. The projection of the second distance sensor 64 on the horizontal plane is separated from the projection of the turning trough 61 on the horizontal plane under the loading station, so as to facilitate the detection of whether the battery cell 3 has entered when the turning trough 61 is in the loading station, so as to adjust the position of the turning trough 61 after the battery cell 3 enters.

[0072] A further improvement is that it also includes a material guiding component 7, which is disposed on the side of the flipping component 6 near the laser irradiation device 5, and is used to guide the battery cell 3 on the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 along the second direction. The material guiding component 7 includes two material guiding elements 71 that are arranged opposite each other along the second direction and are adjacent to the upper part of the transmission surface of the transmission component 2. Both material guiding elements 71 are horizontally arranged, and two transmission belts 22 are located between the two material guiding elements 71.

[0073] The two guide members 71 in the guide assembly 7 limit the position of the battery cell 3 on the transmission surface of the transmission assembly 2, so that the two sides of the battery cell 3 can fit with the two guide members 71, guide the transmission position of the battery cell 3, accurately control the grooving position of the laser irradiation device 5 on the battery cell 3, and ensure the quality of laser grooving.

[0074] A further improvement is that each guide component 71 includes a guide strip 711, which includes a straight strip 7111 extending along a first direction and a transition strip 7112 disposed at the end of the straight strip 7111. The transition strips 7112 facing each other on the two guide components 71 are constricted along the feeding direction and expanded along the discharging direction. Each guide component 71 also includes a guide wheel 72 distributed along the extending direction of the guide strip 711 and rotating around its own axis. The axis of the guide wheel 72 extends in the vertical direction, and the wheel surface of the guide wheel 72 protrudes from the plane of the guide component 71 near the transmission assembly 2. The guide assembly 7 also includes a translation unit 73, which drives the two guide components 71 to move synchronously along a second direction to adjust the slotting positions of the two sides of the battery cell 3 by the laser irradiation device 5, so that the slotting positions of the two sides of the battery cell 3 are staggered.

[0075] Specifically, such as Figures 9-11 As shown, the guide bar 711 is horizontally arranged. The guide bar 711 includes a straight bar 7111 and two transition bars 7112. The two transition bars 7112 are integrally connected to both ends of the straight bar 7111. The transition bars 7112 are arc-shaped, and the center of the arc is located on the side of the transition bar 7112 away from the transmission component 2. Above the guide bar 711, guide wheels 72 are evenly distributed along its length direction, rotating around their own axis. The axis of the guide wheels 72 extends in the vertical direction.

[0076] With the above structure, the guide wheels 72 on the two arc-shaped transition bars 7112 facing each other can easily guide the battery cell 3 on the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 to move between the guide wheels 72 on the two straight bars 7111. The guide wheels 72 rotate around their own axis, reducing the friction force on the battery cell 3 when it moves. The position of the two guide components 71 can be adjusted by the translation unit 73, thereby adjusting the position of the battery cell 3 on the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 along the second direction, and thus adjusting the laser grooving position of the laser irradiation device 5 on the battery cell 3. In this way, the laser irradiation device 5 can radiate laser beams to different positions on both sides of the battery cell 3 and open laser grooves at different positions, avoiding the increase of damage to the battery cell 3 structure due to the overlap of the grooving positions.

[0077] More specifically, vertical rods 74 extending vertically downwards are fixed at both ends of the straight bar 7111. The bottom ends of the two vertical rods 74 are fixedly connected by a horizontal bar 75. The horizontal bars 75 of the two guide components 71 are fixedly connected by two sliding rods 76 distributed along the first direction. The sliding rods 76 are U-shaped and open upwards. Two sliding tubes 25 extending along the second direction and distributed in the first direction are fixedly passed through the two side plates 24 of the transmission component 2. The middle part of the sliding rod 76 slides with the sliding tube 25. The translation unit 73 includes a translation motor 731, a lead screw 732, a bushing 733 and a third distance sensor 734. The translation motor 731 is fixed between the two side plates 24 and the output end is fixedly connected to a lead screw 732 that passes through one of the side plates 24 and extends along the second direction. The lead screw 732 is threadedly connected to the bushing 733 and fixed below one of the horizontal bars 75. The third distance sensor 734 is fixed on the bushing 733 and faces the side plate 24.

[0078] With the above structure, the translation motor 731 starts, driving the lead screw 732 to rotate, which acts on the bushing 733, thereby driving the crossbar 75 to move. Under the sliding cooperation of the slide rod 76 and the slide tube 25, the two guide bars 711 move synchronously in parallel with the second direction, adjusting the position of each guide wheel 72 to change the position of the battery cell 3 on the transmission assembly 2, and then adjusting the slotting position of the laser irradiation device 5 on the battery cell 3. The distance between the bushing 733 and the side plate 24 can be detected by the third distance sensor 734, thereby detecting the position of the guide component 71, which facilitates precise control of the position of the guide component 71 relative to the transmission assembly 2, so as to precisely control the position of the battery cell 3 on the transmission surface of the transmission assembly 2.

[0079] A further improvement is that it also includes a cooling component 8, which includes an air blowing pipe 81 extending parallel to the second direction directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component 2 and adjacent to the laser irradiation device 5. The air blowing pipe 81 has downward air blowing holes 811 on its circumferential sidewall. The air blowing pipe 81 is connected to an air pump 82, and the input end of the air pump 82 is connected to a filter component 83.

[0080] By setting up the cooling component 8, the air pump 82 starts after the device is started, introducing air from the channel 11. The air is filtered by the filter component 83 to prevent harmful gases generated during laser grooving from polluting the surrounding environment. After the air is purified, it is delivered to the air blowing pipe 81 by the air pump 82, allowing clean air to enter the air blowing pipe 81 and spray out from the air blowing hole 811, spraying downward onto the battery cell 3 to cool the battery cell 3. This prevents the high temperature generated during grooving from affecting the accuracy of laser grooving. Furthermore, the downward spray of high-speed airflow increases the pressure between the battery cell 3 and the conveyor belt 22, which can increase the transmission force between the two and ensure the stable transmission of the battery cell 3.

[0081] A further improvement is that the filter assembly 83 includes a filter shell 831 located immediately below the transmission surface of the transmission assembly 2 and directly below the air blowing pipe 81. A filter element 832 is installed inside the filter shell 831, and the top surface of the filter shell 831 is densely covered with negative pressure suction holes 8311. A cooling pipe 821 is fixedly connected between the output end of the air pump 82 and the air blowing pipe 81. The cooling pipe 821 is connected to a liquid cooling assembly 9. The liquid cooling assembly 9 includes a liquid cooling box 91, a liquid cooling shell 92 fixedly sleeved outside the cooling pipe 821, a liquid cooling pump 93 and a return pipe 94 both fixedly connected to the liquid cooling shell 92. The liquid cooling shell 92 and the cooling pipe 821 enclose a liquid cooling cavity. The input end of the liquid cooling pump 93 is connected to the liquid cooling box 91, and the end of the return pipe 94 away from the liquid cooling shell 92 is located inside the liquid cooling box 91.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figures 12-14 As shown, the filter housing 831 includes a housing 8312 with an open top and a cover 8213 covering the housing 8312. The bottom surface of the cover 8213 is provided with a positioning frame 8315 that is sealed and fitted to the inner circumferential wall of the housing 8312 to ensure the assembly accuracy of the cover 8213 and the housing 8312. The top surface of the cover 8213 is densely covered with negative pressure suction holes 8311, which generate downward negative pressure when the air pump 82 is running, increasing the pressure between the battery cell 3 and the conveyor belt 22, ensuring stable transmission force, and also cooling the bottom surface of the battery cell 3.

[0083] An inner protruding edge 8314 is fixed on the circumferential inner wall of the housing 8312. The filter element 832 includes a filter barrel 8321 with an open top and an outer flange 8322 fixed on the outer circumferential edge of the top of the filter barrel 8321. The outer circumferential edge of the filter barrel 8321 is sealed to the inner circumferential inner wall of the inner protruding edge 8314. The outer flange 8322 is sandwiched between the inner protruding edge 8314 and the positioning frame 8315 to ensure the assembly accuracy of the filter element 832. The circumferential side walls and bottom walls of the filter barrel 8321 are densely covered with filter holes to facilitate the filtration of harmful gases passing through the negative pressure suction hole 8311.

[0084] The input end of the air pump 82 is fixed below the filter shell 831 and communicates with the inner cavity of the filter shell 831; the output end of the air pump 82 is fixedly connected to the cooling pipe 821, and heat exchange plates 822 are distributed in a ring array on the circumferential inner wall of the cooling pipe 821. The two ends of the air blowing pipe 81 extend downward to the two ends of the cooling pipe 821 and are fixedly connected.

[0085] With the above structure, the air pump 82 starts, draws the air below the transmission surface of the transmission component 2, filters it through the filter element 832 to form clean air, passes through the cooling pipe 821 and then enters the blowing pipe 81. The blowing pipe 81 sprays air downward to cool the battery cell 3, ensuring the accuracy of laser grooving and the stable transmission of the battery cell 3.

[0086] In the liquid cooling assembly 9, the top of the liquid cooling box 91 is open and used to store coolant, usually water. The liquid cooling shell 92 is fixedly sleeved outside the cooling pipe 821 and forms a liquid cooling cavity with the cooling pipe 821. The input end and output end of the liquid cooling pump 93 are connected to the inner cavity of the liquid cooling box 91 and the liquid cooling cavity, respectively. One end of the return pipe 94 is connected to the liquid cooling cavity, and the other end is set inside the liquid cooling box 91.

[0087] With the above structure, the liquid cooling pump 93 starts, drawing coolant from the liquid cooling box 91 and into the liquid cooling cavity of the liquid cooling shell 92, and then flows out from the return pipe 94, so that the coolant circulates. At the same time, the clean air entering the cooling pipe 821 is cooled by the coolant through the cooling pipe 821 and the heat exchange plate 822, reducing the temperature of the clean air. This allows the air blowing hole 811 of the air blowing pipe 81 to spray low-temperature gas, further enhancing the cooling effect on the battery cell 3. This avoids the battery cell 3 from experiencing a sudden temperature rise after being affected by laser grooving, which could lead to a decrease in grooving accuracy or damage to the battery cell 3. In this way, the quality of laser grooving of the battery cell 3 is guaranteed.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment, characterized in that, include: Rack (1); The transmission component (2) includes a drive unit (21) and two transmission belts (22) arranged side by side in a horizontal direction. The transmission direction and distribution direction of the two transmission belts (22) are a first direction and a second direction, respectively. The first direction and the second direction are both horizontal and perpendicular to each other. The distance between the two sides of the two transmission belts (22) that are far apart from each other is less than the width of the battery cell (3). The drive unit (21) drives the two transmission belts (22) to rotate at the same speed in their own circumference. The loading and unloading assembly (4) has two components and is located at both ends of the transmission assembly (2). The loading and unloading assembly (4) includes a lifting unit (41) mounted on the frame (1) and a basket (42) detachably connected to the output end of the lifting unit (41). The basket (42) includes a bearing unit facing the two sides of the transmission assembly (2). The bearing unit includes a vertical bar (421) extending in the vertical direction and support bars (422) arranged on the vertical bar (421) and spaced apart along the length of the vertical bar (421). A laser irradiation device (5) is located directly above the transmission component (2), and the laser irradiation device (5) irradiates downwards a laser beam distributed along a second direction between the two transmission belts (22); The material turning component (6) is disposed between one end of the laser irradiation device (5) and the transmission component (2). The material turning component (6) includes a material turning groove (61) and a switching unit. The material turning groove (61) extends along the second direction. The switching unit is used to switch the material turning groove (61) to the loading station, unloading station or avoidance station. In the loading station, the material turning groove (61) is directly facing the laser beam irradiated by the laser irradiation device (5) and its two side walls are respectively located above and below the transmission surface of the transmission component (2). The distance between the top side wall of the material turning groove (61) and the transmission surface of the transmission component (2) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the battery cell (3). The material turning groove (61) of the unloading station is set back to the station groove of the loading station and its ends are flush. In the avoidance station, the material turning component (6) is located directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component (2) and there is a gap between them for the battery cell (3) to pass through. It also includes a cooling component (8), which includes an air blowing pipe (81) extending parallel to the second direction directly above the transmission surface of the transmission component (2) and adjacent to the laser irradiation device (5). The air blowing pipe (81) has downward air blowing holes (811) on its circumferential sidewall. The air blowing pipe (81) is connected to an air pump (82), and the input end of the air pump (82) is connected to a filter component (83).

2. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching unit includes a telescopic unit (62) and a rotating unit (63). The telescopic unit (62) is mounted on the frame (1) and its output end moves in the vertical direction. The output end of the telescopic unit (62) is connected to the rotating unit (63). The rotating unit (63) drives the turning trough (61) to rotate and the rotation axis is parallel to the second direction.

3. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a material guiding component (7), which is disposed on the side of the flipping component (6) near the laser irradiation device (5) for guiding the battery cell (3) to a position along the second direction on the transmission surface of the transmission component (2).

4. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material guiding assembly (7) includes two material guiding elements (71) arranged facing each other along the second direction and adjacent to the upper part of the transmission surface of the transmission assembly (2). Both material guiding elements (71) are arranged horizontally, and the two transmission belts (22) are located between the two material guiding elements (71).

5. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each guide component (71) includes a guide strip (711), which includes a straight strip (7111) extending in a first direction and a transition strip (7112) disposed at the end of the straight strip (7111). The transition strips (7112) facing each other of the two guide components (71) are constricted in the feeding direction and expanded in the discharging direction.

6. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each guide component (71) also includes a guide wheel (72) distributed along the extension direction of the guide bar (711) and rotating around its own axis. The axis of the guide wheel (72) extends in the vertical direction, and the wheel surface of the guide wheel (72) protrudes from the plane of the guide component (71) near the transmission assembly (2).

7. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material guiding assembly (7) also includes a translation unit (73), which drives the two material guiding components (71) to move synchronously along the second direction so as to adjust the slotting positions of the laser irradiation device (5) on both sides of the battery cell (3) so that the slotting positions on both sides of the battery cell (3) are staggered.

8. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (83) includes a filter shell (831) located immediately below the transmission surface of the transmission assembly (2) and directly below the air blowing pipe (81). A filter element (832) is provided inside the filter shell (831), and the top surface of the filter shell (831) is densely covered with negative pressure suction holes (8311).

9. The multifunctional laser grooving device for passivation treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cooling pipe (821) is fixedly connected between the output end of the air pump (82) and the air blowing pipe (81). The cooling pipe (821) is connected to a liquid cooling assembly (9). The liquid cooling assembly (9) includes a liquid cooling box (91), a liquid cooling shell (92) fixedly sleeved outside the cooling pipe (821), a liquid cooling pump (93) and a return pipe (94) fixedly connected to the liquid cooling shell (92). The liquid cooling shell (92) and the cooling pipe (821) enclose a liquid cooling cavity. The input end of the liquid cooling pump (93) is connected to the liquid cooling box (91). The end of the return pipe (94) away from the liquid cooling shell (92) is located inside the liquid cooling box (91).

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