An all-automatic production line for hot and cold pressing of brake shoes

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes, which realizes the full-process automated operation from material preparation to finished product cleaning. The production line at least includes a quantitative packaging area, a feeding area, a cold pressing forming area for brake shoes, a hot pressing forming area, a cleaning and grinding area, and a marking area. The production line uses a six-axis multi-functional manipulator and a truss manipulator to complete the precise grasping and placement of raw materials. The multi-functional manipulator is equipped with a vision guidance system to realize the flexible feeding of the back of the brake shoe and the friction material, ensuring the accuracy of the cold pressing and hot pressing processes. The cold pressing and hot pressing links are designed with double-line matching to effectively balance the production load and improve the production efficiency. The cleaning and grinding area automatically completes the grinding of the brake shoes through a grinding robot combined with 3D modeling technology, ensuring the consistency and high quality of the product surface. The marking area uses automated marking equipment to realize the unified identification and traceability of the finished products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brake shoe production lines, and more specifically to a fully automated production line for hot and cold pressing of brake shoes. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the production process of brake shoes in the railway system, manual operations are used to complete the feeding, discharging, and conveying of the cold pressing, hot pressing, and engraving processes, as well as the grinding and cleaning of the products after hot pressing. The hot and cold pressing processes of brake shoes are important links in the production process of brake shoes. Automated operation is an important means to improve quality and increase production, reduce costs and increase efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and save energy and protect the environment. Using automated equipment to replace manual operations is the mainstream development trend of modern manufacturing. The following are the main problems that need to be solved urgently:

[0003] 1. Improve the working environment

[0004] The production process of brake shoes is complex and requires high-temperature treatment. The production environment is relatively harsh, with problems such as too high operating temperature, too heavy single product weight, and rough process control. Workers need to wear protective equipment during the hot pressing process of brake shoes. Therefore, it is particularly important to implement unmanned operation in a harsh environment.

[0005] 2. Reduce labor intensity

[0006] During the cold pressing process of brake shoes, it is necessary for workers to manually fill the brake shoes, friction body materials, and spacer blocks into the cold pressing molds. The labor intensity of workers is high. Therefore, it is particularly important to replace humans with machines during the production process.

[0007] Therefore, carrying out the intelligent manufacturing industry upgrade of the relevant production links of brake shoes and building an automated production line for brake shoes will become an inevitable choice under the high-end technology development trend of this industry.

[0008] 3. Improve product quality

[0009] At present, the passing rate of process control of brake shoe products is 98%. Based on the experience analysis during the production process, by optimizing existing molds, partitions, temperature control systems, etc., the passing rate of process control of products will be increased to over 99%. At the same time, the amount of cleaning and grinding will be reduced, material losses will be decreased, the amount of cleaning residue powder will be reduced, and the service life of consumable parts of the equipment will be increased.

[0010] 4. Achieve the automation trend

[0011] At present, looking at the domestic and international brake shoe production and manufacturing industries, the production of brake shoes is still in the stage of single-machine manual operation. The hot and cold pressing production processes of brake shoes are both realized by manual assistance in loading and unloading with hot and cold presses to form brake shoes. Manual cleaning, grinding, engraving and marking, and manual material transmission of the back of the brake shoe, friction body materials, brake shoes, etc. are carried out. The application of hot and cold pressing brake shoe automated production lines and their complete sets of equipment is still blank.

[0012] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a fully automated production line for hot and cold pressing of railway brake shoes. Summary of the Invention

[0013] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fully automated production line for hot and cold pressing of brake shoes. Through the coordinated operation of an AGV scheduling vehicle, a multi-functional manipulator, a truss manipulator, a grinding robot, and an intelligent control system, the full process automation of brake shoe production is successfully achieved. The production line significantly improves production efficiency, reduces labor costs, and ensures the stability of product quality through a precise control and management system.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, mainly including:

[0015] A fully automated production line for hot and cold pressing of brake shoes, which at least includes:

[0016] A quantitative dispensing area, which includes: a friction body powder box with quantitative dispensing, a material rack for placing the friction body powder box, and an AGV scheduling vehicle for transporting the material rack. An AGV guiding path is laid between the quantitative dispensing area and the next area;

[0017] A feeding area, arranged downstream of the quantitative dispensing area. The feeding area includes a brake shoe back feeding preparation rack, a friction body feeding rack, and a multi-functional manipulator, and the multi-functional manipulator is used for transferring and placing the friction body powder box and the brake shoe back;

[0018] A brake shoe cold pressing forming area, arranged downstream of the feeding area. The brake shoe cold pressing forming area is provided with a number of cold presses and a truss manipulator for transporting the cold-pressed formed parts;

[0019] A brake shoe hot pressing forming area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe cold pressing forming area. The brake shoe hot pressing forming area is provided with a number of hot presses;

[0020] A brake shoe cleaning and grinding area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe hot pressing forming area. The brake shoe cleaning and grinding area includes a grinding robot and a grinding machine, which are used for automatically grinding the pressed brake shoes;

[0021] A brake shoe marking area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe cleaning and grinding area. The brake shoe marking area is provided with brake shoe pressing and marking equipment, and the cleaned brake shoes are placed on the brake shoe pressing and marking equipment through a truss manipulator for brake shoe engraving.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the multi-functional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator and is equipped with two sets of end effectors;

[0023] The multi-functional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system.

[0024] In a specific manner, in the feeding area, two groups of tile back feeding preparation racks and friction body feeding racks are provided; at the same time, the tile back feeding preparation racks and the friction body feeding racks are arranged within the effective working area of the multi-functional manipulator.

[0025] In a specific manner, parallel production lines are arranged on both sides of the multi-functional manipulator, and the setting order is the brake shoe cold pressing forming area, the brake shoe hot pressing forming area, the brake shoe cleaning and grinding area, and the brake shoe marking area; and each area is arranged on the same straight line, and the truss manipulator X-axis is arranged in this order.

[0026] In a specific manner, 10 hot presses are used in the brake shoe hot pressing forming area, and are respectively installed on the left and right two lines, 5 on each side, and are applied in parallel, forming a double-line 5:1 matching with the cold press.

[0027] In a specific manner, the cold press includes a bottom die, a middle die and an upper die.

[0028] In a specific manner, the hot press further includes a hot press temperature control system.

[0029] In a specific manner, the bottom die of the hot press is provided with six tile back accommodating grooves, and the multi-functional manipulator is provided with a plurality of end effectors corresponding to the tile back accommodating grooves.

[0030] Through the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. Fully automated production, improving production efficiency

[0032] This production line realizes the fully automated processing from raw material sub-packaging, feeding, cold pressing, hot pressing, grinding to marking. Each link is automatically completed by manipulators and robots, reducing manual intervention, thus significantly improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0033] The use of the multi-functional manipulator and the truss manipulator realizes the seamless connection of each link of the production line, reduces the stagnation time, and improves the overall production efficiency.

[0034] 2. Application of the multi-functional manipulator, with strong flexibility

[0035] By using a six-axis multi-functional manipulator and configuring two sets of end effectors and a laser vision guidance system, the manipulator can flexibly grasp different types of materials (such as single-piece tile backs or multiple tile backs, friction body materials), greatly enhancing the flexibility and automation level of the production line.

[0036] The vision guidance system of the manipulator can accurately position and grasp, ensuring the accurate placement of materials, reducing errors and losses.

[0037] 3. Modular production, reducing downtime

[0038] Two sets of tile back loading preparation racks and friction body loading racks are set in the loading area, one in use and one in reserve, which can effectively ensure continuous loading. Even if one set of materials is exhausted, it can be quickly switched, thus reducing downtime and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the production line.

[0039] Parallel production lines are set on both sides of the multi-functional manipulator, which can greatly improve production capacity. Each area is arranged in a straight line, and the truss manipulator transports in sequence along the X-axis, simplifying the logistics route and improving the transmission efficiency.

[0040] 4. Double-line cold pressing and hot pressing are matched to balance the production load

[0041] The production line is arranged in a double-line layout, and through the 1:5 matching design of the cold press and the hot press, it ensures the balance of production capacity between cold pressing and hot pressing, making the production process more continuous and avoiding bottleneck problems caused by insufficient production capacity in a certain link.

[0042] The AGV scheduling vehicle is responsible for the transfer of materials between production lines, enabling effective linkage between cold pressing and hot pressing and ensuring the smoothness of the entire production process.

[0043] 5. Automation of grinding and marking to improve product quality consistency

[0044] The brake shoe cleaning and grinding area consists of a grinding robot and a 3D scanning and modeling system, which can accurately and automatically grind the brake shoes after hot pressing to ensure the same surface quality of each brake shoe and improve the overall quality of the product.

[0045] The automatic marking system can directly mark the products after grinding, ensuring the traceability and standardization of the products and enhancing the market competitiveness of the products.

[0046] 6. Multi-station synchronous operation significantly improves production capacity

[0047] Six tile back accommodation grooves are set on the bottom die of the hot press, corresponding to the clamping number of the multi-functional manipulator, ensuring that the manipulator can complete the loading work of multiple tile backs in one operation. This multi-station synchronous operation method significantly improves the production capacity of the production line and shortens the processing cycle of single-piece products.

[0048] The hot press is equipped with a temperature control system, which can effectively control the temperature stability during the hot pressing process to ensure the consistency and stability of product quality.

[0049] 7. Precise loading and pressing processes reduce material waste

[0050] During the cold pressing and hot pressing processes, a manipulator is used to precisely position the tile back and the friction material, ensuring the accurate placement of the materials in the mold, reducing possible offsets or uneven compaction during the pressing process, and reducing material waste.

[0051] The cooperation of the bottom mold, middle mold, and upper mold and the automatic feeding of the multifunctional manipulator ensure the accuracy of cold pressing, thereby improving the efficiency and product quality of subsequent hot pressing.

[0052] 8. Temperature control system of the hot press, improving the quality stability of products

[0053] The temperature control system equipped on the hot press can precisely control the mold temperature during the entire hot pressing process, ensuring the stability of hot pressing conditions and avoiding affecting product quality due to temperature fluctuations.

[0054] Maintaining temperature stability is the key to improving the performance of the friction material and extending the service life of the brake tile. Such a design can greatly improve the product quality and consistency of the brake tile. Brief description of the drawings

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the regional distribution structure of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 It is a top view of the regional distribution structure of the present invention.

[0059] In the drawings: 1 - Quantitative packaging area; 2 - Feeding area; 3 - Brake tile cold pressing area; 4 - Brake tile hot pressing area; 5 - Brake tile cleaning and grinding area; 6 - Brake tile numbering area. Detailed implementation manners

[0060] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1

[0062] The present invention relates to a fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes. This production line integrates fully automated equipment for multiple production processes, including quantitative packaging, feeding, cold pressing, hot pressing, cleaning and grinding, and marking. It uses manipulators, robots, AGVs, and intelligent electric control systems to coordinate and complete each step, achieving the goals of improving production efficiency, reducing labor, and controlling product quality.

[0063] 1 - Quantitative Packaging Area 1

[0064] Quantitative Packaging Area 1 is the starting point of the production process, used for quantitatively packaging the friction material (powder) and loading it into powder boxes. The powder boxes are neatly arranged on the material racks for orderly management and scheduling. This area uses a latent lift AGV scheduling vehicle with a carrying capacity of 500 kg and a comprehensive operating speed of 25 m / min. The AGV scheduling vehicle transports the material racks from Quantitative Packaging Area 1 to Feeding Area 2, and through a preset path and scheduling system, ensures that the materials can be accurately and timely transported to the production line, providing a stable material supply for subsequent production.

[0065] 1.1 Route Planning and Operating Procedures of AGV Scheduling Vehicle

[0066] Workshop Map Modeling: Establish a digital map of the workshop through laser scanning and visual scanning, and calibrate the positions of key nodes such as Quantitative Packaging Area 1 and Feeding Area 2 to ensure the optimization of the material transmission path.

[0067] Route Planning Algorithm: Use the Dijkstra algorithm or A* algorithm for global path planning, and combine with a dynamic obstacle avoidance algorithm to adjust the driving route in real time to ensure smooth bypassing when encountering obstacles.

[0068] Central Scheduling System and Task Coordination: The coordination of multiple AGVs is completed through the central scheduling system. The scheduling system makes the optimal task allocation according to factors such as the current positions of each AGV and the urgency of tasks to avoid path congestion.

[0069] Automatic Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance: The AGV uses multiple sensors such as lidar and ultrasonic sensors for environmental perception to achieve autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance.

[0070] Precise Parking and Docking: The AGV performs precise positioning through QR code identification or ground reflective strips, and automatically stops when it reaches the designated position to ensure that the manipulator can smoothly grab the materials.

[0071] Automatic Charging Management: When the AGV completes the task and detects that the battery is low, it automatically returns to the charging station for charging to ensure continuous and efficient operation ability.

[0072] 2. Feeding Area 2

[0073] The main task of the loading area 2 is to prepare the tile back and friction body powder materials, and sequentially convey these raw materials to the subsequent cold pressing and forming area. The loading area is equipped with a multi-functional six-axis manipulator, a tile back loading preparation rack, and a friction body loading rack.

[0074] The multi-functional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator, equipped with two sets of end effectors;

[0075] End effector one: It can meet the unstacking and unloading of a single tile back and is placed on the tile back loading preparation rack;

[0076] End effector two: It is used for the automatic loading of the tile back and the packaged powder boxes;

[0077] This multi-functional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system. To improve efficiency, multiple end effectors are arranged side by side to synchronously place the tile back and powder boxes, corresponding to the tile back accommodation grooves, ensuring that the multi-functional manipulator can complete the tile back loading work in one action.

[0078] Multi-functional six-axis manipulator: This manipulator has a load capacity of more than 100 kg, is equipped with two sets of fixtures and a laser vision guidance system, and can perform the following tasks:

[0079] Action a: The powder box transported by the AGV dispatching vehicle is grabbed by the manipulator and placed on the friction body loading rack.

[0080] Action b: The manipulator unstacks from the tile back tray, grabs the tile backs one by one, and places them in the tile back loading preparation rack. The tile backs are stored vertically to avoid stacking damage.

[0081] Action c: After the manipulator grabs the tile back from the tile back loading preparation rack, it is placed into the bottom die of the cold press;

[0082] Action d: At the same time, the powder box is grabbed from the friction body loading rack to the preset position of the cold press, and the powder is poured into the cold press.

[0083] Material sources of the loading area 2:

[0084] The friction body powder box is transported from the quantitative packaging area by the AGV dispatching vehicle. The AGV dispatching vehicle transports the material rack full of powder boxes from the quantitative packaging area to the designated position, which is within the effective operation area of the multi-functional six-axis manipulator. The manipulator grabs and places it on the friction body loading rack (action a);

[0085] For the tile back, manually remove the tile back that has been coated with glue from the conveyor line of the gluing machine and stack it on a pallet for 24-hour aging treatment. To reduce the material transportation path, use a forklift to send the aged pallet to the unstacking area every day by workers, laying a foundation for the vision-guided, automatic unstacking, and feeding of the cold-pressed tile back robot. The stacked pallet is placed in the effective operating area of the multi-functional six-axis manipulator. The manipulator unstacks the tile back from the pallet, grabs each tile back one by one, and places it in the tile back feeding preparation rack (action b);

[0086] To ensure the continuity of the feeding process, two sets of tile back feeding preparation racks and friction body feeding racks are configured in the feeding area 2 and operate in the form of "one in use and one in reserve". The action sequence of the multi-functional six-axis manipulator is a-b-c-d-a-b-a-b-c-d to avoid downtime caused by material change. In addition, the laser vision guidance system ensures accurate grasping and positioning of materials through high-precision image processing and position detection, minimizing errors to the greatest extent.

[0087] 3. Brake Pad Cold Pressing and Forming Area 3

[0088] The brake pad cold pressing and forming area 3 is the first step in the brake pad forming process, and the basic structure of the brake pad is determined through cold pressing and forming. The cold press adopts a removable mold design. The mold includes a bottom mold, a middle mold, and an upper mold. The specific operations of each mold part are as follows:

[0089] Bottom mold pushing out: At the beginning of the cold pressing process, the bottom mold is pushed out to facilitate the placement of the tile back.

[0090] Automatic feeding of tile back: The multi-functional manipulator automatically places the tile back into the bottom mold (action c), and after completion, the bottom mold returns to its original position.

[0091] Middle mold operation: After the middle mold descends to the proper position, the multi-functional manipulator automatically fills the friction body material into the mold (action d). The friction body material is put in twice to ensure the uniformity of material filling.

[0092] Upper mold pressing down: The upper mold starts to press, and the middle mold rises accordingly, completing the cold pressing and forming. The pressure reaches 130 tons per piece during the entire cold pressing process.

[0093] Transfer of formed parts: After cold pressing is completed, the formed parts are grabbed and transferred to the brake pad hot pressing and forming area 4 by a truss manipulator. The truss manipulator has an X-axis running speed of 1 m / s and a Z-axis running speed of 0.5 m / s to ensure efficient material transfer.

[0094] Six brake pads can be pressed in one cold pressing. Such a multi-station design greatly improves production efficiency and reduces manual operation and waiting time.

[0095] 4. Setting and Control of the Truss Manipulator

[0096] 4.1 Truss Structure Design and Layout

[0097] X - Y - Z Three - Axis System: The truss manipulator is set as an X - Y - Z three - axis motion system along the production line, spanning the brake shoe cold pressing forming area 3, the brake shoe hot pressing forming area 4, and the brake shoe grinding and cleaning area 5, realizing cross - regional material transfer. Lightweight and high - strength aluminum alloy materials are used to ensure the rigidity and light weight of the truss, so as to improve the speed and response ability of the manipulator.

[0098] Linear Layout and Modular Design: The truss adopts a linear layout, and each process is arranged along the same straight line, reducing the complexity of the transportation path. The modular design facilitates system expansion and maintenance.

[0099] 4.2 Control System and Operation Process

[0100] Motion Controller and Servo Drive: The X, Y, and Z axes of the truss manipulator are all driven by servo motors. The motion controller controls the smooth movement and precise positioning of the manipulator by accurately calculating the acceleration and deceleration curves.

[0101] Task Scheduling: The manipulator receives task instructions through the central control system, calculates the optimal path according to the task requirements, grabs the formed parts from the cold pressing forming area and places them at the preset positions of the hot press.

[0102] Safety and Precise Control: The manipulator is equipped with position sensors and limit switches to ensure the safety and precision of operation. At the same time, real - time feedback is carried out at each moving node to avoid over - travel or misoperation.

[0103] 4.3 Safety Protection and Cooperative Operation

[0104] Safety Sensors and Protection: The manipulator is equipped with laser protection sensors, which automatically stop when personnel enter the working area by mistake, ensuring operation safety.

[0105] Multi - process Collaboration and Buffer Design: To ensure the continuity of the production rhythm, the truss manipulator is equipped with a buffer rack, which can temporarily store materials between processes to cope with sudden abnormal situations and ensure the stable operation of the entire production line.

[0106] 5. Brake Shoe Hot Pressing Forming Area 4

[0107] The brake shoe hot pressing forming area 4 is a key link in brake shoe production, which is used to further improve the density and strength of the friction material. The hot pressing forming area is equipped with 10 hot presses, 5 on each of the left and right production lines, forming a 1:5 matching relationship for the double - line to ensure the balance of production capacity.

[0108] Hot press design: The hot press includes a bottom mold, a middle mold and a temperature control system. Both the bottom mold and the middle mold are removable for easy loading and unloading and cleaning. The hot press temperature is controlled at 150±10℃. Four exhausts are required during the molding process, each lasting 18 seconds, followed by pressure holding for 20 minutes to ensure the density and quality of the brake shoe.

[0109] Hot pressing process: The cold pressed parts are placed into the mold of the hot press machine by the truss robot. After the hot pressing process is completed, the truss robot transfers the molded parts to the cleaning and polishing area.

[0110] 6. Brake shoe cleaning and grinding area 5

[0111] After hot pressing, brake shoes usually have burrs and flash, so they need to be cleaned and polished. Brake shoe cleaning and polishing area 5 consists of a polishing robot and a grinder:

[0112] Grinding robot: The robot uses an offline programming system based on 3D scanning modeling to plan the optimal grinding path. The robot has a load capacity of 20kg and can accurately grab the brake shoe after hot pressing and send it to the grinder for grinding.

[0113] Automatic grinding and cleaning: The robot automatically grinds the brake shoe according to the programmed path to remove burrs and excess material, ensuring the surface finish and consistency of each product. The polished brake shoe is placed by the robot on the next step of the numbering station.

[0114] 7. Brake shoe numbering area 6

[0115] Brake shoe numbering area 6 is used to identify products to achieve product traceability:

[0116] Numbering equipment: The numbering equipment includes positioning blocks, letter heads, pressure blocks, etc. The letter heads can be replaced as needed to facilitate the identification of different batches of brake shoes. The numbering robot places the brake shoes on the numbering equipment after polishing, and the numbering work is automatically completed. After the numbering is completed, the brake shoes are manually checked and placed on the unloading tray, waiting for stacking and storage.

[0117] 8.Automation control and system integration

[0118] Automation control system: This system uses the electronic control system to centrally control and manage all links, including sensors and actuators, PLC programming and control, motor drive and human-machine interface, etc. The electronic control system ensures precise linkage between each process to avoid misoperation and delay in the production process.

[0119] Robot laser vision guidance: During the process of tile back destacking and loading, the laser vision guidance system obtains the geometric and position information of the workpiece through laser scanning and image processing technology to ensure the precise grasping of the robot.

[0120] Energy consumption control and environmental protection waste discharge system: The production line is equipped with an energy consumption monitoring system and an environmental protection waste discharge control system, which are used to monitor and manage the energy consumption and waste treatment in production in real time, ensuring energy conservation and environmental protection throughout the production process.

[0121] 9. System advantages and implementation effects

[0122] Production capacity improvement: Through the multi-station pressing design, both the cold pressing and hot pressing processes can achieve 6 pieces in one forming, and the annual production capacity is increased to 700,000 pieces.

[0123] Efficient production: The collaborative work of AGV scheduling, gantry robot handling, and robot grinding makes the entire production process almost free of manual intervention, realizing fully automated production from raw materials to finished products, reducing labor costs and labor intensity.

[0124] High-quality control: By adopting precise pressure and temperature control systems, it ensures the dimensional accuracy of the formed parts and the stability of product quality. The qualified rate is increased from 98% to over 99%. The automatic grinding process also ensures the uniformity and smoothness of the surface of each product.

[0125] Energy conservation and environmental protection: Through the design of the plunger pump hydraulic system, waste collection equipment, and waste discharge system, an energy-saving and environmentally friendly production process is realized, improving the working environment and reducing the impact on the natural environment.

[0126] In summary, through the coordinated operation of manipulators, robots, AGVs, gantry robots, and the electric control system, this fully automated production line realizes an efficient, intelligent, and automated brake shoe production process, significantly improving production efficiency, reducing production costs, enhancing product quality, achieving the goal of energy conservation and environmental protection, and is an important technological innovation and progress in the field of brake shoe production.

[0127] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the description in the method part for relevant parts.

[0128] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes, characterized in that: The production line includes at least: A certain amount of packaging area, the quantitative packaging area includes: a friction body powder box that has been quantitatively packaged, a material rack for placing the friction body powder box, and an AGV dispatching vehicle for transferring the material rack, and an AGV guide path is laid between the quantitative packaging area and the next area; A loading area, arranged downstream of the quantitative filling area, comprising a tile back loading preparation rack, a friction body loading rack and a multifunctional manipulator, wherein the multifunctional manipulator is used for transferring and placing the friction body powder box and the tile back; a brake shoe cold press forming area, which is arranged downstream of the feeding area, and the brake shoe cold press forming area is provided with a plurality of cold presses and a truss manipulator for transferring cold press formed parts; a brake shoe hot press forming area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe cold press forming area, wherein the brake shoe hot press forming area is provided with a plurality of hot presses; a brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe hot pressing and forming area, the brake shoe cleaning and polishing area includes a polishing robot and a polishing machine, which are used to automatically polish the brake shoe after being pressed and formed; A brake shoe marking area is arranged downstream of the brake shoe cleaning and grinding area. The brake shoe marking area is provided with a brake shoe numbering device. The cleaned brake shoe is placed on the brake shoe numbering device through a truss manipulator for brake shoe engraving.

2. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator equipped with two sets of end pickers; the multifunctional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system.

3. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the loading area, two groups of tile back loading and preparation racks and friction body loading racks are arranged; the tile back loading and preparation racks and the friction body loading racks are arranged in the effective working area of ​​the multifunctional manipulator.

4. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Parallel production lines are arranged on both sides of the multifunctional manipulator, and the arrangement order is brake shoe cold pressing forming area, brake shoe hot pressing forming area, brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, and brake shoe numbering area; and each area is arranged on the same straight line, and the truss manipulator X-axis is arranged along this order.

5. The fully automated production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are 10 hot press machines in the brake shoe hot pressing forming area, which are installed on the left and right lines, 5 on each side, and used in parallel to form a double-line 5:1 match with the cold press machine.

6. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold press comprises a bottom die, a middle die and an upper die, and the bottom die, the middle die and the upper die are designed in layers.

7. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot press also includes a hot press temperature control system.

8. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold of the hot press is provided with six tile back accommodating grooves, and the multifunctional manipulator is provided with a plurality of end pickers corresponding to the tile back accommodating grooves.

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