Dual-laser collaborative preheating melting printing system and method and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-laser cooperative preheating melting printing system and method and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of laser 3D printing. The system comprises a power calculation module used for calculating initial preheating laser power and initial melting laser power; the printing module is used for controlling printing equipment to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; the power updating module is used for calculating first dynamic preheating laser power and first dynamic melting laser power; and the printing adjusting module is used for dynamically adjusting the printing process of the printing equipment according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed. The scheme can act on two different positions of the printing area at the same time for parallel processing, and the printing efficiency is improved. Preheating laser and melting laser power are adjusted in real time, molten pool temperature stability and material uniform melting can be maintained, and the printing quality and the resource utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of laser 3D printing technology, and specifically relates to a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system, method and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of 3D printing technology, especially laser melting technology, there are extremely high requirements for the forming efficiency, precision and quality of parts. When facing the manufacturing of parts with complex structures and high performance requirements, the traditional single laser melting printing system has problems such as low efficiency and easy defects such as part warping and cracking. These problems not only affect the quality of printed parts, but also limit the application of 3D printing technology in a wider range of fields.

[0003] Nowadays, single laser melting printing systems are mostly used in the field of 3D printing technology. Single laser melting printing systems are based on the interaction between high-energy laser beams and metal powders, and are based on the three-dimensional data model of parts. The model is discretized into layer data through layering software and input into the metal 3D printer. The system uses a fiber laser with high power density and fine focused spot as the energy source, and controls the laser beam with a selective scanning path. The laser beam quickly scans the pre-spread metal powder in the selected area in a shallow melting manner. The laser beam quickly melts the metal powder and obtains a continuous melt path, which is stacked layer by layer into metal parts.

[0004] However, when facing large-area or complex-structured parts, the single laser melting printing system has low forming efficiency due to the limitations of laser beam scanning speed, power and other factors, and cannot meet the needs of efficient production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dual-laser collaborative preheating melting printing system that uses two laser beams at the same time to significantly improve printing efficiency, optimize thermal stress control, and improve the uniformity of energy distribution. It also makes it possible to quickly produce large parts and print high-quality parts with complex shapes, while enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of the printing process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a dual-laser collaborative preheating melting printing system, method and electronic equipment to solve the problem that when facing parts with large areas or complex structures, the traditional single laser melting printing system has low forming efficiency due to limitations such as the scanning speed and power of the laser beam, and cannot meet the needs of efficient production.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system, the system comprising: A power calculation module, for obtaining a material temperature upon receiving a printing task, determining a scanning speed, a laser angle, and a laser spacing according to the printing task, and calculating an initial preheating laser power and an initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, the scanning speed, the laser angle, the laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula, and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; A printing module, used for controlling the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; A power update module, used for updating the scanning speed and the material temperature if a preset update time interval is reached, and calculating the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; A printing adjustment module is used to adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0007] Furthermore, the preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula is:

[0008] in, is the initial preheating laser power; is the material temperature; is the scanning speed; is the laser angle; d is the laser spacing; () is a function that includes the combined effects of parameters such as material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing; The preset initial melting laser power calculation formula is:

[0009] in, is the initial melting laser power; The preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula is:

[0010] in, Preheating laser power for the first dynamic; is the updated material temperature; is the updated scanning speed; t is the time point corresponding to the preset update time interval; () is the calculation function of the first dynamic preheating laser power; The preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula is:

[0011] in, is the first dynamic melting laser power; g () is the calculation function of the first dynamic melting laser power.

[0012] Furthermore, the system further comprises a print readjustment module, wherein the print readjustment module is used for: Calculating a first temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic preheating laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset preheating laser temperature influence formula; Calculating a second temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic melting laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset melting laser temperature influence formula; Calculating the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool according to the first temperature influencing parameter and the second temperature influencing parameter; Calculating a second dynamic preheating laser power and a second dynamic melting laser power according to the comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power; Accordingly, the power update module is used for: The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the adjusted first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval, and the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool is recalculated. The second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power are updated according to the recalculated comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset preheating laser temperature influence formula is:

[0014] in, is the first temperature influencing parameter; preheat is the preset preheating laser attenuation factor; (x, y, z) is the three-dimensional coordinate of the preset spatial position; The preset melting laser temperature influence formula is:

[0015] in, is the second temperature influencing parameter; melt is the preset melting laser attenuation factor.

[0016] Furthermore, the printing adjustment module is used to: Calculating a deviation temperature according to the comprehensive temperature and a preset molten pool target temperature, and calculating the second dynamic preheating laser power according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula; The second dynamic melting laser power is calculated according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula.

[0017] Furthermore, the preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula is:

[0018] in, preheating the laser power for the second dynamic; is a function for adjusting the preheating laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t); The preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula is:

[0019] in, is the second dynamic melting laser power; is a function that adjusts the melting laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t).

[0020] Furthermore, the system further comprises a fault detection module, wherein the fault detection module is used to: Acquire operating parameters of the printing device in real time, input the operating parameters into a preset fault detection model, and determine whether there is a fault risk; If there is a risk of failure, the failure type is output through a preset failure detection model and transmitted to a control center.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method, the method comprising: If a printing task is received, the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing are determined according to the printing task, and the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power are calculated according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; Controlling the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; If the preset update time interval is reached, the scanning speed and the material temperature are updated, and the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are calculated according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula, and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval, and the printing process of the printing device is re-adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0022] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, a power calculation module is used to obtain a material temperature upon receiving a printing task, determine a scanning speed, a laser angle, and a laser spacing according to the printing task, and calculate an initial preheating laser power and an initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula, and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; a printing module is used to control a printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; a power update module is used to update a scanning speed and a material temperature if a preset update time interval is reached, based on According to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are calculated; the printing adjustment module is used to adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed. Through the above-mentioned dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system, the dual laser system can act on two different positions of the printing area at the same time, perform parallel processing, and significantly improve printing efficiency. By adjusting the preheating laser and melting laser power in real time, the temperature stability of the molten pool and the uniform melting of the material can be maintained, and the printing quality and resource utilization can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system provided in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of the dual laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method provided in Example 3 of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in Example 4 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only part of the present application is shown in the accompanying drawings, but not all of the content. Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow chart describes each operation (or step) as a sequential process, many of the operations therein can be implemented in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but it can also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. The process can correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc.

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system, method and electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0030] Embodiment 1 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system provided in the first embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, specifically including the following: The power calculation module 101 is used for determining the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing according to the printing task if a printing task is received, and calculating the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; A printing module 102, configured to control a printing device to start printing according to a printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; The power updating module 103 is used to update the scanning speed and the material temperature if the preset updating time interval is reached, and calculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; The printing adjustment module 104 is used to adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0031] In this embodiment, the printing task may refer to specific task parameters formulated according to user requirements or production needs, which are used to guide the 3D printing device to achieve specific goals. For example: printing materials (such as metal, ceramic or plastic), printing geometry and size, printing layer thickness and accuracy requirements, working environment parameters (such as room temperature or gas environment) and special process requirements (such as multi-material printing, functional gradient materials).

[0032] Material temperature can refer to the initial temperature or real-time temperature of the material during the printing process, which affects the melting, cooling and molding quality of the material.

[0033] Scan speed is the speed at which the laser beam or print head moves across the surface of the material and is usually measured in millimeters per second (mm / s).

[0034] The laser angle can be the angle between the laser beam and the surface of the printing material, which affects the effective projection area and energy distribution of the laser.

[0035] Laser pitch can be the distance between adjacent laser scanning paths, affecting printing quality and efficiency.

[0036] The preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula can be used to calculate the power requirement of the laser preheating in the initial stage.

[0037] The preset initial melting laser power calculation formula can be used to calculate the laser power requirement in the initial melting stage.

[0038] The initial preheating laser power may refer to a laser power value set at the beginning of a printing task in order to preheat the printing material to a temperature suitable for melting.

[0039] Initial melting laser power refers to the energy output of the laser used to melt the material at the beginning of printing. It directly affects the formation of the molten pool and the bonding quality of the printed layers.

[0040] Parameters in the printing task can be extracted, such as the target material type, printing structure, and environmental requirements. The initial temperature of the material is obtained in real time through environmental sensors, thermal imaging equipment, or the built-in monitoring module of the printer. Then, according to the geometry, material properties, and quality requirements of the printing task, the scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing are determined. Specifically, the scanning speed is adjusted according to the thermal conductivity of the material, the target accuracy, and the size of the printing area. The laser angle is optimized according to the inclination and surface characteristics of the printing surface to ensure uniform heat. The laser spacing is determined by the material melting characteristics, layer thickness requirements, and overlap rate to achieve a balance between printing accuracy and efficiency. These parameters can be optimized through simulation, experiments, or machine learning models, and adjusted in real time during the printing process to meet the task requirements. Then the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing are substituted into the preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset initial melting laser power calculation formula to obtain the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power.

[0041] The printing device may refer to an additive manufacturing device used to complete dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing tasks, specifically, including a dual laser system: including a preheating laser and a melting laser, which are used to preheat and melt the material respectively. Motion control system: controls the precise movement of the laser head and the printing platform to achieve precise scanning and processing. Sensor module: monitors temperature, molten pool morphology and printing quality. Control software: used to receive printing tasks, calculate power parameters and execute control logic of the printing process. Material supply system: provides printing materials (such as metal powder or wire).

[0042] The dual laser system can be started to ensure that the preheating laser and the melting laser are in an operational state. The required material is loaded according to the printing task, and the motion control system is calibrated to match the task geometry requirements. Then the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power calculated based on the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing are entered. The power parameters are passed to the control software, and the initial scanning path and printing area are set. The preheating laser system is started according to the set path, scanning the printing area at a lower power, and gradually heating up to reduce temperature gradients and stress concentration. At the same time, the temperature distribution in the preheating area is monitored to ensure that the set preheating target is achieved. In the preheating area, the melting laser system is started to melt accurately at a higher power to complete the material melting and solidification process. The angle and path of the melting laser are adjusted to ensure coverage of the printing surface and achieve high bonding strength. The working rhythm of the preheating laser and the melting laser is coordinated to achieve continuous heating and melting. The movement path and power changes of the two lasers are synchronized through the control software to ensure uniform temperature and stable molten pool throughout the printing area.

[0043] The power update module in this solution is responsible for dynamic power calculation, and the printing adjustment module is responsible for adjusting the printing device according to the calculation results.

[0044] The preset update time interval may be a time period specified in the system for periodically re-evaluating parameters during the printing process and making dynamic adjustments.

[0045] The preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula may be mathematical models for calculating laser power based on real-time monitoring data and updated parameters.

[0046] The first dynamic preheating laser power may be a new power value of the preheating laser under dynamic conditions, and is used to maintain the preheating effect when the material update temperature and the scanning speed change.

[0047] The first dynamic melting laser power may be a new power value of the melting laser under dynamic conditions, for ensuring that the material is completely melted and a high-quality bonding layer is formed.

[0048] When each preset update time interval arrives, the current scanning speed and material temperature can be detected in real time by the sensor. Then the updated scanning speed and the updated material temperature are input into the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula to obtain the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power.

[0049] During the printing process, adjustments can be triggered according to the preset update time interval. By real-time monitoring of parameters such as material temperature and scanning speed, the laser power value is recalculated using the calculation formulas for dynamic preheating laser power and dynamic melting laser power. Based on the calculation results, the output power of the preheating laser and the melting laser is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the molten pool temperature is stable, the material is fully melted, and the cooling is uniform. After each interval, the monitoring, calculation, and adjustment are repeated until the printing task is completed to achieve high-quality dual-laser collaborative printing effects.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the power calculation module is used to obtain the material temperature if a printing task is received, determine the scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing according to the printing task, and calculate the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; A printing module is used to control the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; a power update module is used to update the scanning speed and the material temperature if the preset update time interval is reached, and calculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; a printing adjustment module is used to adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed. Through the above-mentioned dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing system, the dual laser system can act on two different positions of the printing area at the same time, perform parallel processing, and significantly improve the printing efficiency. By adjusting the preheating laser and the melting laser power in real time, the temperature stability of the molten pool and the uniform melting of the material can be maintained, and the printing quality and resource utilization can be improved.

[0051] On the basis of the above technical solution, an optional, preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula is:

[0052] in, is the initial preheating laser power; is the material temperature; is the scanning speed; is the laser angle; d is the laser spacing; () is a function that includes the combined effects of parameters such as material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing; The preset initial melting laser power calculation formula is:

[0053] in, is the initial melting laser power; The preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula is:

[0054] in, Preheating laser power for the first dynamic; is the updated material temperature; is the updated scanning speed; t is the time point corresponding to the preset update time interval; () is the calculation function of the first dynamic preheating laser power; The preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula is:

[0055] in, is the first dynamic melting laser power; g () is the calculation function of the first dynamic melting laser power.

[0056] In this scheme, It is a multivariable function involving material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing. This function is used to calculate the adjustment coefficient of the preheating laser power and can include the following factors: Material Temperature: The temperature of the material will directly affect the laser power requirements. Lower material temperatures require more power to heat, and at higher temperatures, the power requirements decrease.

[0057] Scanning speed: The faster the scanning speed, the shorter the laser stays on the material surface, resulting in less energy per unit area. Therefore, more power is required at faster scanning speeds to ensure that the material can get enough energy.

[0058] Laser Angle: The angle of the laser affects the area and energy distribution of the laser beam irradiated to the material surface. A smaller angle (i.e. a more parallel laser beam) may concentrate the energy, while a larger angle may disperse the energy. Therefore, the laser angle affects the distribution and efficiency of the laser power.

[0059] Laser pitch: The pitch of a laser refers to the distance between the laser beams, usually related to the scanning path. A larger pitch means that each laser beam has a larger area of ​​action and may require less power; a smaller pitch may result in increased power density.

[0060] but The form can be:

[0061] in, The maximum temperature that the material can withstand; The maximum scanning speed that the printing device can achieve; is the upper limit of the maximum power that the printing device can provide; a, b, and c are adjustment factors, which are used to characterize the influence of material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing on the initial preheating laser power. Their values ​​reflect the sensitivity of each parameter to the adjustment of the initial preheating laser power during the actual printing process; It reflects the effect of material temperature on the initial preheating laser power; It reflects the effect of scanning speed on the initial preheating laser power; It reflects the adjustment of the initial preheating laser power by the laser angle and spacing.

[0062] Since the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power are usually complementary to each other, they cannot completely overlap at the same time. The initial preheating laser power helps to heat the material, while the initial melting laser power focuses on melting the material. describes the need for initial preheating laser power during the preheating process, while It represents the energy required for the melting process.

[0063] is a function used to dynamically adjust the preheating laser power, which can be in the form of:

[0064] Among them, d and e are control factors. These parameters are obtained through experimental data or theoretical deduction, and reflect the influence of temperature and scanning speed on the dynamic preheating laser power.

[0065] It can be a function used to dynamically adjust the melting laser power, and can be in the form of:

[0066] Among them, f and g are empirical adjustment factors, which are used to control the influence of temperature and scanning speed on dynamic melting laser power, and are usually obtained based on experiments or numerical simulations.

[0067] In the dynamic printing process, the material temperature and scanning speed are constantly changing, so the laser power needs to be adjusted according to the real-time conditions to ensure the continuity and stability of the printing process. In the dynamic calculation, the melting power is not just the negative of the preheating power. Since factors such as temperature and speed in the dynamic process may cause asymmetric changes in laser power demand, the melting laser power requires a more flexible adjustment mechanism. g () is a function based on time changes, which can accurately capture the dynamic changes of these factors, so the form is not 1- .

[0068] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a fault detection module, and the fault detection module is used to: Acquire operating parameters of the printing device in real time, input the operating parameters into a preset fault detection model, and determine whether there is a fault risk; If there is a risk of failure, the failure type is output through a preset failure detection model and transmitted to a control center.

[0069] In this solution, operating parameters may refer to various data and status information obtained in real time during the operation of the printing device. Specifically, they may include temperature data: such as melt pool temperature, laser head temperature, melting area temperature, etc. Speed ​​parameters: such as scanning speed, printing speed, etc. Power parameters: such as laser power, preheating power, melting power, etc. Mechanical state data: such as the motion state, acceleration, vibration, etc. of the equipment. Current and voltage data: the current and voltage of the electrical system of the equipment. Environmental data: such as humidity, air pressure, etc.

[0070] The preset fault detection model can be a model established by machine learning, data mining or physical modeling, which is used to monitor and analyze the operating data of the printing equipment in real time to identify potential fault risks. Specifically, it can include supervised learning models: such as support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), neural network, etc., which use labeled data (such as normal / faulty samples) to train the model and predict whether the equipment is faulty by inputting operating parameters. Unsupervised learning model: such as cluster analysis and anomaly detection methods, which can detect abnormal situations that deviate from the normal mode by learning the data pattern of the equipment during normal operation. Rule-based model: Combining physical laws and expert experience, it determines whether the equipment is in a faulty state based on preset rules.

[0071] Failure risk can refer to the probability or possibility of a device failing in its current operating state. Based on the detected operating parameters and the preset fault detection model calculation, it is determined whether the device has signs of deviating from the normal state. If there is a significant deviation or anomaly, the model output will indicate that "failure risk exists."

[0072] The fault type can refer to the specific fault category of the equipment. The output of the fault type can be hardware fault: such as sensor fault, motor fault, laser head fault, etc. Software fault: such as control system error, program crash, etc. Temperature abnormality: such as the molten pool temperature is too high or too low, the laser power is insufficient, etc. Electrical fault: such as voltage and current abnormality, etc.

[0073] The control center can be a central system responsible for receiving, processing and responding to equipment failure information.

[0074] The operating status of the printing equipment can be continuously monitored through various sensors, and the operating parameters can be transmitted to the fault detection system in real time. The collected operating parameters are input into the preset fault detection model through a communication interface (such as API or data stream transmission). The model evaluates in real time whether the input operating parameters are within the normal range and identifies whether there is a risk of failure. If the model detects that the operating parameters are abnormal or deviate from the normal range, it is judged that there is a risk of failure and the probability or category of the risk of failure is returned. If there is a risk of failure, the fault detection model will identify the specific fault type and transmit the fault type information to the control center. After receiving the fault type information, the control center can trigger the corresponding emergency response mechanism, such as alarms, shutdown instructions, maintenance requests, etc.

[0075] The steps of model training may include: Collect a large amount of equipment operation data in normal and faulty states. Normal data includes various operating parameters of the equipment under normal operating conditions; fault data includes parameter changes when the equipment fails. Clean and normalize the data, and handle missing values, outliers, and noise data. Perform feature extraction on the data to extract information that helps predict faults, such as the rate of change of equipment temperature, power fluctuations, etc. Select appropriate machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines (SVM), decision trees, neural networks, etc., as the model basis for fault detection. Then use the collected labeled data (normal and faulty) for supervised learning to train the model. The model minimizes the difference between the predicted results and the actual results by adjusting weights or parameters. Use the validation data set to evaluate the performance of the model. Common evaluation indicators include accuracy, recall rate, f1 score, etc. Ensure the generalization ability of the model through methods such as cross-validation. Adjust the parameters of the model according to the evaluation results to optimize the model performance and prevent overfitting or underfitting. Finally, deploy the trained fault detection model to the monitoring system of the printing equipment for real-time monitoring and fault prediction.

[0076] In this solution, through real-time monitoring and fault detection, potential problems can be discovered in time before equipment failure occurs. Taking measures in advance can reduce the risk of equipment downtime and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0077] Embodiment 2 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system provided in the second embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, specifically including the following: The system further comprises a print readjustment module 105, wherein the print readjustment module 105 is used to: Calculating a first temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic preheating laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset preheating laser temperature influence formula; Calculating a second temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic melting laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset melting laser temperature influence formula; Calculating the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool according to the first temperature influencing parameter and the second temperature influencing parameter; Calculating a second dynamic preheating laser power and a second dynamic melting laser power according to the comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power; Accordingly, the power update module is used for: The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the adjusted first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval, and the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool is recalculated. The second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power are updated according to the recalculated comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0078] In this embodiment, the preset preheating laser temperature influence formula may refer to a formula that determines the influence of the preheating laser power on the material temperature according to the material temperature, the laser power and other factors. In laser printing, the preheating laser power is adjusted to ensure that the material reaches an appropriate temperature to prepare for the subsequent melting process.

[0079] The preset melting laser temperature influence formula may be a formula for describing the influence of the melting laser power on the molten pool temperature. Similar to the influence of the preheating laser power, the melting laser power also has an influence on the local temperature distribution of the molten pool.

[0080] The molten pool can refer to the liquid area formed by the material melting due to the high temperature during the laser heating process. The molten pool is a key part of the laser printing process, and its temperature and morphology have an important impact on the final printing quality. The temperature of the molten pool determines whether the melting process is uniform, thereby affecting the solidification, density and molding quality of the material.

[0081] Preset spatial positions can be specific locations within the melt pool area, usually defined based on the coordinate system of the print path or print area. These positions are used to analyze the specific points affected by the laser power, and the temperature change at that point can be accurately calculated. The selection of preset spatial positions helps to analyze and control the distribution of the melt pool temperature during the printing process.

[0082] The first temperature influence parameter can describe how the laser power in the preheating stage affects the temperature of the area around the molten pool, and reflect the temperature contribution of each stage through a certain calculation formula.

[0083] The second temperature influence parameter can describe the effect of laser power on the molten pool temperature during the melting stage, and reflect the temperature contribution of each stage through a certain calculation formula.

[0084] The comprehensive temperature may refer to the temperature of the molten pool and its surrounding area under the combined influence of the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The comprehensive temperature may be obtained by adding the temperature influences generated in different stages (preheating, melting), that is, by adding the first temperature influence parameter to the second temperature influence parameter.

[0085] The first dynamic preheating laser power can be substituted into the preset preheating laser temperature influence formula to calculate the first temperature influence parameter, and the first dynamic melting laser power can be substituted into the preset melting laser temperature influence formula to calculate the second temperature influence parameter. Then the first temperature influence parameter and the second temperature influence parameter are added to obtain the comprehensive temperature, and the second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power are calculated based on the comprehensive temperature and the known power requirements. This step usually takes into account the impact of temperature changes on the material and the behavior of the molten pool to dynamically adjust the laser power to ensure the stability and efficiency of the printing process.

[0086] During the printing process, the two power values ​​and the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool can be recalculated according to the adjusted first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power every time the preset update time interval is reached. After the comprehensive temperature is obtained by calculating the temperature influencing parameters of each area, the second dynamic preheating and melting laser power is calculated based on the temperature. Then, the laser output of the printing device is adjusted according to the updated power value to ensure that the molten pool temperature and material properties are effectively controlled. Finally, through continuous iterative adjustments until the printing task is completed, the printing quality and process stability are optimized.

[0087] In this embodiment, by calculating the temperature influence parameters of the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power at different positions in the molten pool, the temperature of the molten pool area can be accurately controlled. By dynamically adjusting the preheating and melting laser powers, the uniform distribution of temperature is ensured, which helps to improve the melting uniformity of the material, reduce printing defects, and improve the overall printing quality. It can also avoid excessive energy waste and increase the printing speed. While maintaining the printing quality, it can improve material utilization and production efficiency.

[0088] On the basis of the above technical solution, an optional, preset preheating laser temperature influence formula is:

[0089] in, is the first temperature influencing parameter; preheat is the preset preheating laser attenuation factor; (x, y, z) is the three-dimensional coordinate of the preset spatial position; The preset melting laser temperature influence formula is:

[0090] in, is the second temperature influencing parameter; melt is the preset melting laser attenuation factor.

[0091] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the printing adjustment module is used to: Calculating a deviation temperature according to the comprehensive temperature and a preset molten pool target temperature, and calculating the second dynamic preheating laser power according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula; The second dynamic melting laser power is calculated according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula.

[0092] In this solution, the deviation temperature may refer to the difference between the actual temperature of the molten pool and the preset target temperature, which reflects the degree of deviation between the actual temperature and the ideal temperature.

[0093] The preset melt pool target temperature can be a target value set according to the ideal temperature range required during the printing process. This target temperature is usually determined based on a comprehensive consideration of factors such as material properties, printing speed, and laser power.

[0094] The preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula may be a method for adjusting the preheating laser power according to the actual temperature deviation of the current molten pool.

[0095] The preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula can ensure the stability of the molten pool during the melting stage by adjusting the melting laser power according to the deviation temperature.

[0096] The deviation temperature can be obtained by comparing the difference between the actually calculated molten pool temperature and the preset target temperature. Then, the deviation temperature and the first dynamic preheating laser power are substituted into the preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula to obtain the second dynamic preheating laser power. The deviation temperature and the first dynamic melting laser power are substituted into the preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula to obtain the second dynamic melting laser power.

[0097] In this solution, precise temperature control can increase the speed of the printing process because it can avoid repeated adjustments caused by overheating or underheating. This efficient power adjustment not only improves print quality, but also improves production efficiency and reduces printing time and costs.

[0098] On the basis of the above technical solution, an optional, preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula is:

[0099] in, preheating the laser power for the second dynamic; is a function for adjusting the preheating laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t); The preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula is:

[0100] in, is the second dynamic melting laser power; is a function that adjusts the melting laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t).

[0101] In this scheme, It can reflect the nonlinear effect of temperature deviation on power adjustment in the form of:

[0102] in, is a constant that controls the rate at which temperature deviation affects the preheating laser power adjustment. This function form can make the power adjustment more significant as the temperature deviation increases, and the larger the deviation, the faster the power changes.

[0103] It can reflect the nonlinear effect of temperature deviation on power adjustment and is often used to control faster response. The form can be:

[0104] in, is a constant that controls the rate at which temperature deviation affects the adjustment of the melting laser power. As the temperature deviation increases, the power adjustment becomes more significant, and the larger the temperature deviation, the faster the power changes.

[0105] Embodiment 3 Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of the dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing method provided in the third embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include: S301, if a printing task is received, determine the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing according to the printing task, and calculate the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula.

[0106] S302: Control the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power.

[0107] S303, if the preset update time interval is reached, update the scanning speed and the material temperature, and calculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula.

[0108] S304, adjusting the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculating the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjusting the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

[0109] In an embodiment of the present application, if a printing task is received, the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing are determined according to the printing task, and the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power are calculated according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; the printing device is controlled to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; if the preset update time interval is reached, the scanning speed and the material temperature are updated, and the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are calculated according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; the printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, and the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval is reached, and the printing process of the printing device is re-adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed. Through the above dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method, the dual laser system can simultaneously act on two different positions of the printing area for parallel processing, significantly improving the printing efficiency. By adjusting the preheating laser and melting laser power in real time, the temperature stability of the molten pool and the uniform melting of the material can be maintained, improving the printing quality and resource utilization.

[0110] A dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method provided in an embodiment of the present application corresponds to the systems provided in the above embodiments and has corresponding execution processes and beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0111] Embodiment 4 like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 400, including a processor 401, a memory 402, and a program or instruction stored in the memory 402 and executable on the processor 401. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor 401, each process of the above-mentioned dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0112] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include the mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices mentioned above.

[0113] Embodiment 5 An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, each process of the above-mentioned cable installation process based on the tension adaptive control system embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0114] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0115] It should be noted that, in this article, the term "comprises", "includes" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the method and system in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0116] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0117] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

[0118] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not deviate from the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system, characterized in that: The system comprises: A power calculation module, for obtaining a material temperature upon receiving a printing task, determining a scanning speed, a laser angle, and a laser spacing according to the printing task, and calculating an initial preheating laser power and an initial melting laser power according to the material temperature, the scanning speed, the laser angle, the laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula, and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; A printing module, used for controlling the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; A power update module, used for updating the scanning speed and the material temperature if a preset update time interval is reached, and calculating the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; A printing adjustment module is used to adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power, recalculate the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power after each preset update time interval, and re-adjust the printing process of the printing device according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

2. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula is: ; in, is the initial preheating laser power; is the material temperature; is the scanning speed; is the laser angle; d is the laser spacing; () is a function that includes the combined effects of parameters such as material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, and laser spacing; The preset initial melting laser power calculation formula is: ; in, is the initial melting laser power; The preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula is: ; in, Preheating laser power for the first dynamic; is the updated material temperature; is the updated scanning speed; t is the time point corresponding to the preset update time interval; () is the calculation function of the first dynamic preheating laser power; The preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula is: ; in, is the first dynamic melting laser power; g () is the calculation function of the first dynamic melting laser power.

3. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises a print re-adjustment module, the print re-adjustment module being configured to: Calculating a first temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic preheating laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset preheating laser temperature influence formula; Calculating a second temperature influence parameter of the first dynamic melting laser power at a preset spatial position of the molten pool according to the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset melting laser temperature influence formula; Calculating the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool according to the first temperature influencing parameter and the second temperature influencing parameter; Calculating a second dynamic preheating laser power and a second dynamic melting laser power according to the comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power; Accordingly, the power update module is used for: The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the adjusted first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval, and the comprehensive temperature of the molten pool is recalculated. The second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power are updated according to the recalculated comprehensive temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the second dynamic preheating laser power and the second dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

4. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The preset preheating laser temperature influence formula is: ; in, is the first temperature influencing parameter; preheat is the preset preheating laser attenuation factor; (x, y, z) is the three-dimensional coordinate of the preset spatial position; The preset melting laser temperature influence formula is: ; in, is the second temperature influencing parameter; melt is the preset melting laser attenuation factor.

5. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The printing adjustment module is used for: Calculating a deviation temperature according to the comprehensive temperature and a preset molten pool target temperature, and calculating the second dynamic preheating laser power according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic preheating laser power and a preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula; The second dynamic melting laser power is calculated according to the deviation temperature, the first dynamic melting laser power and a preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula.

6. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preset dynamic preheating laser power adjustment formula is: ; in, preheating the laser power for the second dynamic; is a function for adjusting the preheating laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t); The preset dynamic melting laser power adjustment formula is: ; in, is the second dynamic melting laser power; is a function that adjusts the melting laser power based on the deviation temperature at each position (x, y, z) and each time point (t).

7. The dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further comprises a fault detection module, wherein the fault detection module is configured to: Acquire operating parameters of the printing device in real time, input the operating parameters into a preset fault detection model, and determine whether there is a fault risk; If there is a risk of failure, the failure type is output through a preset failure detection model and transmitted to a control center.

8. A dual laser collaborative preheating melting printing method, characterized in that: The method comprises: If a printing task is received, the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle and laser spacing are determined according to the printing task, and the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power are calculated according to the material temperature, scanning speed, laser angle, laser spacing, a preset initial preheating laser power calculation formula and a preset initial melting laser power calculation formula; Controlling the printing device to start printing according to the printing task according to the initial preheating laser power and the initial melting laser power; If the preset update time interval is reached, the scanning speed and the material temperature are updated, and the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are calculated according to the updated scanning speed, the updated material temperature, the preset first dynamic preheating laser power calculation formula, and the preset first dynamic melting laser power calculation formula; The printing process of the printing device is adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power. The first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power are recalculated after each preset update time interval, and the printing process of the printing device is re-adjusted according to the first dynamic preheating laser power and the first dynamic melting laser power until the printing task is completed.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method as claimed in claim 8.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the dual-laser collaborative preheating and melting printing method as claimed in claim 8 are implemented.

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