A vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a vehicle, relating to the field of automotive technology. In this vehicle, since the input terminals of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller are connected to the two terminals of the battery, and the output terminal of the first conversion power supply is connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller, when the power supply connected to the vehicle controller fails, the battery can use the first conversion power supply to replace the power supply and supply power to the vehicle controller. Therefore, the vehicle controller can still operate normally when its connected power supply fails, thereby improving the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller. Furthermore, since the battery serves as the power source for the motor controller, meaning the vehicle controller reuses the motor controller's power supply as its backup power, the overall cost of the vehicle is reduced, which is beneficial for market promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the safety of electric vehicles has been a concern for industry professionals and consumers. In addition to the most concerning issue of battery thermal runaway, vehicle driving safety has also received considerable attention.

[0003] Currently, the vehicle controller is powered by a power supply. Therefore, if the power supply fails, the vehicle controller will lose power, and it will be unable to continue monitoring the vehicle's condition or performing fault diagnosis and pre-processing. At the same time, many important sensors on the vehicle will also malfunction, leading to potential safety hazards.

[0004] Therefore, improving the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle to improve the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] This application provides a vehicle, including: a motor controller, a battery, a power supply, a motor, and a vehicle controller; wherein:

[0008] The two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller are respectively connected to the two poles of the storage battery;

[0009] The output terminal of the first conversion power supply and the output terminal of the power supply are both connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller;

[0010] The output terminal of the motor controller is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include: a second conversion power supply; wherein:

[0012] The two terminals of the input end of the second conversion power supply are connected to the two terminals of the power battery in the vehicle;

[0013] The two poles of the output terminal of the second conversion power supply are connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply.

[0014] Optionally, the second conversion power supply includes: a transformer, a power chip, a switching transistor, and two voltage regulator circuits; wherein:

[0015] The power input pin of the power chip is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the connection point is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery in the vehicle; the ground pin of the power chip is grounded.

[0016] The other end of the primary winding is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery through the switching transistor, and the negative terminal of the power battery is grounded.

[0017] The signal output terminal of the power chip is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor. The power chip is used to control the switching transistor to alternately turn on and off when it is in working state.

[0018] The two ends of the first secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the power input pin and the ground pin of the power chip;

[0019] The two ends of the second secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller of the vehicle;

[0020] The first voltage regulator circuit is disposed between the two ends of the first secondary winding, and the second voltage regulator circuit is disposed between the two ends of the second secondary winding.

[0021] Optionally, it may also include: a current sampling circuit; wherein:

[0022] The current sampling circuit is used to sample the current of the primary winding and send the sampling result to the primary current detection pin of the power chip.

[0023] The power chip is used to detect faults in the second conversion power supply based on the current in the primary winding.

[0024] Optionally, the current sampling circuit includes: a first sampling resistor and a first filter circuit; wherein:

[0025] The first sampling resistor is connected in series with the switching transistor, one end of the first filter circuit is connected to the connection point of the first sampling resistor and the switching transistor, and the other end of the first filter circuit is connected to the primary current detection pin of the power chip.

[0026] Optionally, it may also include: a voltage sampling circuit; wherein:

[0027] The voltage sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage across the two ends of the second secondary winding and transmit the voltage sampling result to the output voltage feedback pin of the power chip.

[0028] The power chip is used to perform negative feedback adjustment on the duty cycle of the switching transistor based on the voltage sampling result, so as to stabilize the voltage across the second secondary winding at a set voltage.

[0029] Optionally, the voltage sampling circuit includes: a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, a controllable voltage regulator, an optocoupler, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; wherein:

[0030] One end of the second sampling resistor is connected to the high potential end of the second secondary winding, and one end of the third sampling resistor is grounded;

[0031] The other end of the second sampling resistor is connected to the other end of the third sampling resistor, and the connection point is connected to the reference electrode of the controllable voltage regulator.

[0032] The cathode of the controllable voltage regulator is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler, the input terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding through the first resistor, and the anode of the controllable voltage regulator is grounded.

[0033] The second resistor is connected in parallel with the primary side of the optocoupler;

[0034] One end of the first capacitor is connected to the connection point of the second sampling resistor and the third sampling resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler.

[0035] The input terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler is connected to one end of the third resistor, and the connection point is connected to the output voltage feedback pin.

[0036] The other end of the third resistor receives the power supply voltage, and the output terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler is grounded.

[0037] Optionally, it may also include: an absorption circuit and a first protection circuit; wherein:

[0038] The absorption circuit is used to absorb the voltage spike generated by the switching transistor at the moment of turn-off.

[0039] The first protection circuit is used to absorb overvoltage across the switching transistor.

[0040] Optionally, it also includes: a startup resistor and a third voltage regulator circuit; wherein:

[0041] The power input pin of the power chip is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer through the start-up resistor.

[0042] The input terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power input pin, and the output terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit is connected to the ground pin.

[0043] Optionally, it also includes: a current-limiting resistor, a first reverse protection circuit, a second reverse protection circuit, and a second protection circuit; wherein:

[0044] The power input pin is connected to the output terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit through the current limiting resistor, and the input terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit is connected to the high potential terminal of the first secondary winding.

[0045] The second protection circuit is connected in parallel with the first anti-reverse circuit; the second protection circuit is used to absorb the overvoltage between the two ends of the first anti-reverse circuit.

[0046] The input terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding, and the output terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply.

[0047] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a vehicle. In this vehicle, since the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller are respectively connected to the two poles of the battery, and the output terminal of the first conversion power supply is connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller, when the power supply connected to the vehicle controller fails, the battery can use the first conversion power supply to replace the power supply and supply power to the vehicle controller. Therefore, the vehicle controller can still work normally when its connected power supply fails, thereby improving the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller. In addition, since the battery is the power source for the motor controller, that is, the vehicle controller reuses the power source of the motor controller as its own backup power source, the overall cost of the vehicle is reduced, which is beneficial to market promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the vehicle provided in this application.

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of the vehicle provided in this application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application.

[0053] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application.

[0055] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a sixth embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a seventh embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application;

[0058] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an eighth embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application;

[0059] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a ninth embodiment of the second conversion power supply 250 provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] In this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0062] To improve the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller, this application provides a vehicle with the following specific structure: Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes: motor controller 210, battery 220, power supply 230, motor M, and vehicle controller 240.

[0063] The input terminals of the first conversion power supply 211 in the motor controller 210 are connected to the two terminals of the battery 220. The output terminals of the first conversion power supply 211 and the power supply 230 are both connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller 240. The vehicle controller 240 is used for communication with other control units. These other control units include an on-board charger (OBC) and a battery management system (BMS).

[0064] The output terminal of the motor controller 210 is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor M.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the motor controller 210 includes: a first conversion power supply 211, a controller 212, a drive power supply 213, a gate drive module 214, a high-voltage DC bus capacitor Cc, and a power converter 215. The input side of the power converter 215 is connected to the power battery, and the output side of the power converter 215 is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor M. The control terminals of each power device in the power converter 215 are connected to the controller 212 through each drive unit in the gate drive module 214. The output terminal of the first conversion power supply 211 is connected to the power supply terminal of the controller 212 and the input terminal of the drive power supply 213, respectively. The output terminal of the drive power supply 213 is connected to the power supply terminal of each drive unit in the gate drive module 214. The drive power supply 213 is used to convert the output voltage of the first conversion power supply 211 into the operating voltage of each drive unit. The high-voltage DC bus capacitor Cc is connected in parallel to the input side of the power converter 215.

[0066] Optionally, the controller 212 can be a microprocessor. In practical applications, it may include, but is not limited to, other types of microprocessors. No specific limitation is made here. It may be determined according to the specific circumstances, and all of them are within the protection scope of this application.

[0067] Optionally, the power converter 215 can be a DC / DC converter or a DC / AC converter. No specific limitation is made here, and it depends on the type of motor M.

[0068] In practical applications, the AC side of a DC / AC converter can include three phases or single phases; no specific limitation is made here, and it depends on the specific circumstances, all of which are within the scope of protection of this application. When the AC side of the DC / AC converter includes three phases, the DC / AC converter can include 6 power devices, and in this case, the gate drive module 214 includes 6 drive units.

[0069] It should be noted that the first conversion power supply 211, the drive power supply 213, the gate drive module 214, and the DC / AC converter are already very mature technologies in the existing technology, and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] Since the input terminals of the first power conversion power supply in the motor controller 210 are connected to the terminals of the battery 220, and the output terminal of the first power conversion power supply is connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller 240, when the power supply 230 connected to the vehicle controller 240 fails, the battery 220 can use the first power conversion power supply to replace the power supply 230 and supply power to the vehicle controller 240. This allows the vehicle controller 240 to continue operating normally when its connected power supply 230 fails, thereby improving the power supply continuity of the vehicle controller 240. Furthermore, since the vehicle controller 240 communicates with other control units such as the OBC and BMS, it can continue to monitor the vehicle condition and diagnose and handle faults, thus improving vehicle safety. In addition, since the battery 220 serves as the power source for the motor controller 210, meaning the vehicle controller 240 reuses the power supply of the motor controller 210 as its backup power, the overall cost of the vehicle is reduced, which is beneficial for market promotion.

[0071] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the vehicle, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, further includes: a second conversion power supply 250.

[0072] The two terminals of the input end of the second conversion power supply 250 are connected to the two terminals of the power battery in the vehicle; the two terminals of the output end of the second conversion power supply 250 are connected to the two terminals of the input end of the first conversion power supply.

[0073] In this embodiment, since the two poles of the output terminal of the second conversion power supply 250 are connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply, when the battery 220 fails, the second conversion power supply 250 can replace the battery 220 to supply power to the first conversion power supply, that is, to supply power to the motor controller 210. Therefore, the power supply continuity of the motor controller 210 is improved, thereby further improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0074] Another embodiment of this application provides a specific implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it specifically includes: transformer 10, power chip 20, switching transistor M, and two voltage regulator circuits 30 and 40. The specific connection relationships between the components are as follows:

[0075] The power input pin VDD of power chip 20 is connected to one end of the primary winding TX1 of transformer 10, and the connection point is connected to the positive terminal HV+ of the power battery in the vehicle. The ground pin GND of power chip 20 is grounded, i.e., high-voltage ground HGND. The other end of the primary winding TX1 is connected to the negative terminal HV- of the power battery through the switching transistor M, and the negative terminal HV- of the power battery is grounded, i.e., high-voltage ground HGND.

[0076] The signal output terminal OUT of the power chip 20 is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor M.

[0077] Optionally, the switching transistor M can be a MOSFET or an IGBT. In practical applications, it may be either, or it may be, or it may be, or it may be, depending on the specific circumstances. All of these are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0078] The two ends of the first secondary winding TX2 of transformer 10 are connected to the power input pin VDD and the ground pin GND of power chip 20, respectively. When power is applied between the power input pin VDD and the ground pin GND of power chip 20, power chip 20 enters the working state.

[0079] The two ends of the second secondary winding TX3 of transformer 10 are respectively the two poles of the output terminal of the second conversion power supply 250, and are respectively connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply 211 in the motor controller 210 of the vehicle.

[0080] The first voltage regulator circuit 30 is disposed between the two ends of the first secondary winding TX2, and the low potential end of the first secondary winding TX2 is grounded, i.e., high voltage ground HGND. The first voltage regulator circuit 30 is used to keep the voltage across the first secondary winding TX2 stable.

[0081] In a specific example, the specific structure of the first voltage regulator circuit 30 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it specifically includes: a second capacitor C2, the two ends of the second capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first secondary winding TX2, and the second capacitor C2 is used to keep the voltage across the first secondary winding TX2 stable.

[0082] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the first voltage regulator circuit 30. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can keep the voltage across the first secondary winding TX2 stable is within the protection scope of this application. No specific limitation is made here, and it can be determined according to the specific situation.

[0083] The second voltage regulator circuit 40 is disposed between the two ends of the second secondary winding TX3, and the low potential end of the second secondary winding TX3 is grounded, i.e., low voltage ground LGND. The second voltage regulator circuit 40 is used to keep the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 stable.

[0084] In a specific example, the specific structure of the second voltage regulator circuit 40 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it specifically includes: a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4. The two ends of the third capacitor C3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second secondary winding TX3, and the two ends of the fourth capacitor C4 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second secondary winding TX3. Both the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are used to keep the voltage across the first secondary winding TX2 stable.

[0085] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the second voltage regulator circuit 40. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can keep the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 stable is within the protection scope of this application. No specific limitation is made here, and it can be determined according to the specific situation.

[0086] Since the power input pin VDD of the power chip 20 is connected to the positive terminal HV+ of the power battery in the vehicle, and the ground pin GND is connected to the negative terminal HV- of the power battery, the high voltage DC power of the power battery supplies power to the power chip 20, enabling the power chip 20 to enter the working state.

[0087] When the power chip 20 enters the working state, the power chip 20 outputs a control signal to the switching transistor M through the output pin OUT to control the switching transistor M to alternately turn on and off.

[0088] In a specific example, the control signal output by the output pin OUT of the power chip 20 is a PWM signal. A high level in the PWM signal can turn on the switching transistor M, and a low level in the PWM signal can turn off the switching transistor M.

[0089] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the control signal output by the output pin OUT of the power chip 20. In practical applications, there are other implementations, including but not limited to this one. No specific limitation is made here. It can be determined according to the specific situation, and all are within the protection scope of this application.

[0090] Because the power chip 20 controls the switching transistor M to alternately turn on and off when it is in working state, that is, the voltage across the primary winding YX1 of the transformer 10 changes alternately, the transformer 10 forms a magnetic field to transfer energy, that is, the energy is transferred to the two secondary windings TX2 and TX3 of the transformer 10. Therefore, the first secondary winding TX2 provides a stable voltage to the power chip 20 through the first voltage regulator circuit 30, and the second secondary winding TX3 provides a stable voltage to the first conversion power supply 211 in the motor controller 210 of the vehicle through the second voltage regulator circuit 40.

[0091] Furthermore, since the first secondary winding TX2 provides a stable voltage to the power chip 20, the transformer 10 can continuously form a magnetic field and transfer energy, thus enabling the second secondary winding TX3 to continuously output a stable voltage. In other words, the second conversion power supply can work normally, so that when the battery 220 in the vehicle fails, the second conversion power supply can supply power to the first conversion power supply, thereby reducing the possibility of the first conversion power supply failing, which in turn reduces the possibility of the motor controller 210 failing.

[0092] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, further includes a fuse. The connection relationship between this device and other devices is specifically described below:

[0093] One end of the fuse is connected to the connection point between the power input pin VDD of the power chip 20 and the primary winding TX1 of the transformer 10, and the other end of the fuse is connected to the positive terminal HV+ of the power battery.

[0094] In this embodiment, by adding a fuse, the connection between the power input pin VDD of the power chip 20 and the power battery, and the connection between the primary winding TX1 of the transformer 10 and the power battery can be disconnected when the current flowing through the fuse is too large. Therefore, the possibility of damage to the power chip 20 and the transformer 10 can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the power chip 20 and the transformer 10.

[0095] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 5 ( Figure 5 Only Figure 4 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes a current sampling circuit 50. The connection relationship between this device and other devices is specifically described below:

[0096] The current sampling circuit 50 is used to sample the current of the primary winding TX1 and send the sampling result to the primary current detection pin CS of the power chip 20. The power chip 20 is used to perform fault detection on the second conversion power supply 250 based on the current of the primary winding TX1. Fault detection by the power chip 20 is already a mature technology in the prior art; only a brief explanation is given here, and the specific process is as follows:

[0097] When the current in the primary winding TX1 exceeds a first preset value, a short circuit fault is determined to have occurred on the primary side of the second power supply 250. In this case, the connection between the power battery and the second power supply 250 is disconnected to prevent damage to the second power supply 250. When the current in the primary winding TX1 is less than a second preset value, an open circuit fault is determined to have occurred in the second power supply. In this case, the connection between the power battery and the second power supply 250 is disconnected to prevent damage to the second power supply 250. When the current in the primary winding TX1 is less than or equal to the first preset value and greater than or equal to the second preset value, the second power supply 250 is determined not to have a fault.

[0098] If the current in the primary winding TX1 is greater than the first preset value, it indicates that the current in the primary winding TX1 is very large. Conversely, if the current in the primary winding TX1 is less than or equal to the first preset value, it indicates that the current in the primary winding TX1 is not very large. In practical applications, the first preset value is set according to the actual situation and is not specifically limited here.

[0099] If the current in the primary winding TX1 is less than the second preset value, it indicates that the current in the primary winding TX1 is very small. Conversely, if the current in the primary winding TX1 is greater than or equal to the second preset value, it indicates that the current in the primary winding TX1 is not very small. In practical applications, the second preset value is set according to the actual situation and is not specifically limited here.

[0100] It should be noted that the technology for disconnecting the power battery from the second conversion power source 250 is already quite mature and will not be elaborated here.

[0101] In this embodiment, the current of the primary winding TX1 is sampled by the current sampling circuit 50, so that the power chip 20 can perform fault detection on the second conversion power supply 250 based on the current of the primary winding TX1, thereby reducing the possibility of the second conversion power supply 250 being damaged and improving the safety of the second conversion power supply 250.

[0102] Another embodiment of this application provides one implementation of the current sampling circuit 50, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes: a first sampling resistor Rc1 and a first filter circuit 51. The connection relationships between the various circuits / devices are as follows:

[0103] The first sampling resistor Rc1 is connected in series with the switching transistor M. One end of the first filter circuit 51 is connected to the junction of the first sampling resistor Rc1 and the switching transistor M, and the other end of the first filter circuit 51 is connected to the primary current detection pin CS of the power supply chip 20. The first filter circuit 51 is used to filter out the AC current in the sampled primary winding TX1 to improve the accuracy of fault detection of the power supply chip 20.

[0104] In a specific example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first filter circuit 51 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth capacitor C5. The fourth resistor R4 is connected to the connection point between the first sampling resistor Rc1 and the switching transistor M. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the connection point is connected to the primary current detection pin CS of the power supply chip 20. The other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, i.e., high voltage ground HGND.

[0105] The above is only one specific implementation of the first filter circuit 51. In practical applications, it includes, but is not limited to, this one. It can be determined according to the specific situation and is within the protection scope of this application.

[0106] The above is only one embodiment of the current sampling circuit 50. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can realize current sampling is within the protection scope of this application, depending on the specific circumstances.

[0107] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 6 ( Figure 6 Only Figure 5 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes a voltage sampling circuit 60. The connection relationship between this device and other devices is specifically described below:

[0108] The voltage sampling circuit 60 samples the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 and sends the sampling result to the output voltage feedback pin FB of the power supply chip 20. The power supply chip 20 uses negative feedback to adjust the duty cycle of the switching transistor M based on the voltage sampling result, so that the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is stabilized at a set voltage. The negative feedback adjustment of the duty cycle of the switching transistor M by the power supply chip 20 is a mature technology and will only be briefly described here. The specific process is as follows:

[0109] When the voltage sampling result is greater than the threshold voltage, that is, when the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is greater than the set voltage, the duty cycle of the alternating switching of the switching transistor M decreases. Since the decrease in the duty cycle of the alternating switching of the switching transistor M is equivalent to the decrease in the conduction time of the switching transistor M, the voltage across the primary winding TX1 of the transformer 10 decreases, thereby decreasing the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3.

[0110] When the voltage sampling result is less than the threshold voltage, that is, when the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is less than the set voltage, the duty cycle of the switching transistor M increases. Since the increase in the duty cycle of the switching transistor M is equivalent to the increase in the conduction time of the switching transistor M, the voltage across the primary winding TX1 of transformer 10 increases, thereby increasing the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3.

[0111] Because the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 decreases when it is greater than the set voltage, and increases when it is less than the set voltage, the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 eventually stabilizes at the set voltage.

[0112] In this embodiment, the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is sampled by the voltage sampling circuit 60, so that the power chip 20 can perform negative feedback adjustment on the duty cycle of the switching transistor M based on the voltage sampling result, so that the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is stabilized at the set voltage, thereby improving the stability of the voltage provided by the second conversion power supply 250.

[0113] Another embodiment of this application provides one implementation of a voltage sampling circuit 60, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the components include: a second sampling resistor Rc2, a third sampling resistor Rc3, a controllable voltage regulator 61, an optocoupler 62, a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. The specific connections between these components are as follows:

[0114] One end of the second sampling resistor Rc2 is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding TX3, and one end of the third sampling resistor Rc3 is grounded, i.e., low-voltage ground LGND. The other end of the second sampling resistor Rc2 is connected to the other end of the third sampling resistor Rc3, and the connection point is connected to the reference electrode of the controllable voltage regulator 61. The cathode of the controllable voltage regulator 61 is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler 62. The input terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler 62 is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding TX3 through the first resistor R1. The anode of the controllable voltage regulator 61 is grounded, i.e., low-voltage ground LGND. The second resistor R2 is connected in parallel with the primary side of the optocoupler 62. One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the connection point of the second sampling resistor Rc2 and the third sampling resistor Rc3, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler 62. The input terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler 62 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, and the connection point is connected to the output voltage feedback pin FB of the power supply chip 20. The other end of the third resistor R3 receives the supply voltage V0, and the output terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler 62 is grounded, i.e., low voltage ground LGND.

[0115] Optionally, the controllable voltage regulator 61 can be a TL431. In practical applications, it may include, but is not limited to, this application. It may be determined according to the specific circumstances and is within the scope of protection of this application.

[0116] When the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is greater than the set voltage, the output voltage of the controllable voltage regulator 61 is greater than the reference voltage, the current flowing through the primary side of the optocoupler 62 increases, and thus the current flowing through the secondary side of the optocoupler 62 increases. Consequently, the voltage received by the output voltage feedback pin FB of the power chip 20 is greater than the threshold voltage.

[0117] When the voltage across the second secondary winding TX3 is less than the set voltage, the output voltage of the controllable voltage regulator 61 is less than the reference voltage, the current flowing through the primary side of the optocoupler 62 decreases, and thus the current flowing through the secondary side of the optocoupler 62 decreases, and consequently the voltage received by the output voltage feedback pin FB of the power chip 20 is less than the threshold voltage.

[0118] The above is only one specific implementation of the voltage sampling circuit 60. In practical applications, it includes, but is not limited to, this. No specific limitation is made here. As long as the circuit can realize voltage sampling, it is within the protection scope of this application, depending on the specific situation.

[0119] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 7 ( Figure 7 Only Figure 6 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes an absorption circuit 70 and a first protection circuit 80. The connection relationship between this device and other devices is specifically described below:

[0120] The absorption circuit 70 is used to absorb the voltage spike generated by the switch M at the moment of turn-off to prevent the switch M from being damaged by breakdown. The first protection circuit 80 is used to absorb the overvoltage across the switch M to prevent the switch M from being damaged by breakdown.

[0121] In a specific example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the absorption circuit 70 includes: a fifth resistor R5, a first diode D1 and a sixth capacitor C6. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the input terminal of the switching transistor M. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, respectively. The other end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 are both connected to the high potential end of the primary winding TX1 of the transformer 10.

[0122] It should be noted that the fifth resistor R5, the first diode D1, and the sixth capacitor C6 form an RCD absorption circuit. The RCD absorption circuit is already very mature in the existing technology, and its working principle will not be explained in detail here.

[0123] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the absorption circuit 70. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can absorb the spike voltage generated by the switching transistor M at the moment of turn-off is within the protection scope of this application. No specific limitation is made here, and it can be determined according to the specific situation.

[0124] In a specific example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first protection circuit 80 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh capacitor C7. The sixth resistor R6 and the seventh capacitor C7 are connected in series, and the series branch formed is connected in parallel with the switching transistor M.

[0125] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the first protection circuit 80. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can switch the overvoltage across the transistor M is within the protection scope of this application. No specific limitation is made here, and it can be determined according to the specific situation.

[0126] In this embodiment, by adding the absorption circuit 70 and the first protection circuit 80, the spike voltage generated by the switch M at the moment of turn-off and the overvoltage across the switch M can be absorbed, thereby preventing the switch M from being damaged by breakdown and thus improving the safety of the second conversion power supply.

[0127] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 8 ( Figure 8 Only Figure 7 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes a start-up resistor Rstar and a third voltage regulator circuit 90. The connection relationships between this device and other devices are specifically described below:

[0128] The power input pin VDD of the power chip 20 is connected to one end of the primary winding TX1 of the transformer 10 through the start-up resistor Rstar. The input terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit 90 is connected to the power input pin VDD, and the output terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit 90 is connected to the ground pin GND.

[0129] Normally, the starting resistor Rstar has a relatively large resistance value. Therefore, most of the high voltage of the power battery is borne by the starting resistor Rstar, and a small part is borne by the power chip 20, in order to reduce the possibility of the power chip 20 being damaged due to overvoltage.

[0130] Normally, the reverse conduction voltage of the third voltage regulator circuit 90 is the operating voltage of the power chip 20. In other words, the third voltage regulator circuit 90 stabilizes the voltage between the power input pin VDD and the ground pin GND of the power chip 20 at the operating voltage of the power chip 20, thereby further reducing the possibility of the power chip 20 being damaged due to overvoltage.

[0131] In a specific example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the third voltage regulator circuit 90 includes a Zener diode Z. The cathode of the Zener diode Z is connected to the power input pin VDD of the power supply chip 20, and the anode of the Zener diode Z is connected to the ground pin GND of the power supply chip 20.

[0132] The above example only illustrates one implementation of the third voltage regulator circuit 90. In practical applications, there are other implementations, including but not limited to this one. No specific limitation is made here. The implementation can be determined according to the specific circumstances, and all are within the protection scope of this application.

[0133] In this embodiment, by adding a starting resistor Rstar, most of the high voltage of the power battery is borne by the starting resistor Rstar, and a small portion is borne by the power chip 20, thereby reducing the possibility of the power chip 20 being damaged due to overvoltage. By adding a third voltage regulator circuit 90, the voltage between the power input pin VDD and the ground pin GND of the power chip 20 is stabilized at the operating voltage of the power chip 20, thereby further reducing the possibility of the power chip 20 being damaged due to overvoltage.

[0134] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 9 ( Figure 9 Only Figure 8 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes: a current-limiting resistor Rx, a first reverse protection circuit 100, a second reverse protection circuit 110, and a second protection circuit 120. The connection relationships between this device and other devices are specifically described below:

[0135] The power input pin VDD of the power chip 20 is connected to the output of the first reverse protection circuit 100 through a current-limiting resistor Rx. The input of the first reverse protection circuit 100 is connected to the high-potential end of the first secondary winding TX2. The second protection circuit 120 is connected in parallel with the first reverse protection circuit 100. The input of the second reverse protection circuit 110 is connected to the high-potential end of the second secondary winding TX3, and the output of the second reverse protection circuit 110 is connected to the positive terminal of the input of the first conversion power supply.

[0136] The second protection circuit 120 is used to absorb the overvoltage between the two ends of the first anti-reverse circuit 100 to prevent the first anti-reverse circuit 100 from being damaged by reverse breakdown.

[0137] In a specific example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the first anti-reverse circuit 100 includes a second diode D2. The cathode of the second diode D2 serves as the output terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit 100, and the anode of the second diode D2 serves as the input terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit 100.

[0138] The above example only illustrates one implementation of the first anti-reverse circuit 100. In practical applications, it includes, but is not limited to, this example. It is not specifically limited here and can be determined according to the specific circumstances. All of these are within the protection scope of this application.

[0139] In a specific example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second anti-reverse circuit 110 includes a third diode D3. The cathode of the third diode D3 serves as the output terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit 110, and the anode of the third diode D3 serves as the input terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit 110.

[0140] In practical applications, the third diode D3 is preferably a Schottky diode.

[0141] The above example only illustrates one implementation of the second anti-reverse circuit 110. In practical applications, it includes, but is not limited to, this example. It is not specifically limited here and can be determined according to the specific circumstances. All of these are within the protection scope of this application.

[0142] In a specific example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the second protection circuit 120 includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth capacitor C8. The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth capacitor C8 are connected in series, and the series branch formed is connected in parallel with the first anti-reverse circuit 100.

[0143] The above example only shows one specific implementation of the second protection circuit 120. In practical applications, including but not limited to this, any circuit that can prevent overvoltage at both ends of the first anti-reverse circuit 100 is within the protection scope of this application. No specific limitation is made here, and it can be determined according to the specific situation.

[0144] This embodiment improves the safety of the second power converter by adding a current-limiting resistor Rx, thereby reducing the current flowing through the first reverse protection circuit 100. By adding the first reverse protection circuit 100, this embodiment prevents the high-voltage current from the power battery from flowing into the first secondary winding TX2, thus reducing the possibility of failure in the second power converter and further improving its safety. By adding a second protection circuit 120, this embodiment absorbs overvoltage between the two ends of the first reverse protection circuit 100, preventing damage to the first reverse protection circuit 100 due to reverse breakdown. By adding a second reverse protection circuit 110, this embodiment prevents current from the voltage conversion power supply from flowing into the second power converter, thereby improving its safety.

[0145] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 10 ( Figure 10 Only Figure 9 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes a second filter circuit 130. The connection relationship between this device and other devices is specifically described below:

[0146] The second filter circuit 130 is located between the two terminals of the power battery to filter the voltage at both ends of the power battery, thereby ensuring the stability of the voltage at both ends of the power battery.

[0147] In a specific example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second filter circuit 130 includes: a ninth capacitor C9, a tenth capacitor C10, an eleventh capacitor C11, and a twelfth capacitor C12. The ninth capacitor C9 and the tenth capacitor C10 are connected in series, forming a series branch connected in parallel between the two terminals of the power battery. The eleventh capacitor C11 is connected in parallel across the nineth capacitor C9, and the twelfth capacitor C12 is connected in parallel across the tenth capacitor C10.

[0148] The above is only one specific implementation of the second filter circuit 130. In practical applications, it includes, but is not limited to, this one. It can be determined according to the specific situation and is within the protection scope of this application.

[0149] In this embodiment, by adding a second filter circuit 130, the voltage at both ends of the power battery can be kept stable, thereby reducing the possibility of failure of the second conversion power supply and improving the safety of the second conversion power supply.

[0150] Another embodiment of this application provides another implementation of the second conversion power supply 250, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 11 ( Figure 11 Only Figure 10 As shown in the example (based on the above embodiment), this embodiment further includes: an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a thirteenth capacitor C13, and a fourteenth capacitor C14. The specific connection relationships between the components are as follows:

[0151] The control terminal of the switching transistor M is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the connection point is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9. The other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded, i.e., high-voltage ground HGND. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the signal output terminal OUT of the power supply chip 20.

[0152] One end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is connected to the reference voltage pin VREF of the power supply chip 20, and the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13 is grounded, i.e., high voltage ground HGND. One end of the fourteenth capacitor C14 is connected to the timing terminal RT / CT of the internal oscillator of the power supply chip 20, and the other end of the fourteenth capacitor C14 is grounded, i.e., high voltage ground HGND.

[0153] It should be noted that the functions of the reference voltage pin VREF of the power chip 20 and the timing terminal RT / CT of the internal oscillator of the power chip 20 are the same as those in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] The above is only one specific implementation of the second conversion power supply. In practical applications, there are other implementations, including but not limited to this one. No specific limitation is made here. The implementation can be determined according to the specific circumstances, and all of them are within the protection scope of this application.

[0155] The features described above in the disclosed embodiments can be substituted or combined with each other, enabling those skilled in the art to implement or use this application. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention's technical solutions still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: Motor controller, battery, power supply, motor, and vehicle controller; among which: The two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller are respectively connected to the two poles of the storage battery; The output terminal of the first conversion power supply and the output terminal of the power supply are both connected to the power supply terminal of the vehicle controller; The output terminal of the motor controller is connected to the power supply terminal of the motor; This also includes: a second conversion power supply; wherein: The two terminals of the input end of the second conversion power supply are connected to the two terminals of the power battery in the vehicle; The two poles of the output terminal of the second conversion power supply are connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply; The second conversion power supply includes: a transformer, a power chip, a switching transistor, and two voltage regulator circuits; wherein: The power input pin of the power chip is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the connection point is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery in the vehicle; the ground pin of the power chip is grounded. The other end of the primary winding is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery through the switching transistor, and the negative terminal of the power battery is grounded. The signal output terminal of the power chip is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor. The power chip is used to control the switching transistor to alternately turn on and off when it is in working state. The two ends of the first secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the power input pin and the ground pin of the power chip; The two ends of the second secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the two poles of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply in the motor controller of the vehicle; The first voltage regulator circuit is disposed between the two ends of the first secondary winding, and the second voltage regulator circuit is disposed between the two ends of the second secondary winding.

2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Current sampling circuit; wherein: The current sampling circuit is used to sample the current of the primary winding and send the sampling result to the primary current detection pin of the power chip. The power chip is used to detect faults in the second conversion power supply based on the current in the primary winding.

3. The vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current sampling circuit includes: a first sampling resistor and a first filter circuit; wherein: The first sampling resistor is connected in series with the switching transistor, one end of the first filter circuit is connected to the connection point of the first sampling resistor and the switching transistor, and the other end of the first filter circuit is connected to the primary current detection pin of the power chip.

4. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Voltage sampling circuit; wherein: The voltage sampling circuit is used to sample the voltage across the two ends of the second secondary winding and transmit the voltage sampling result to the output voltage feedback pin of the power chip. The power chip is used to perform negative feedback adjustment on the duty cycle of the switching transistor based on the voltage sampling result, so as to stabilize the voltage across the second secondary winding at a set voltage.

5. The vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage sampling circuit includes: a second sampling resistor, a third sampling resistor, a controllable voltage regulator, an optocoupler, a first capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third resistor; wherein: One end of the second sampling resistor is connected to the high potential end of the second secondary winding, and one end of the third sampling resistor is grounded; The other end of the second sampling resistor is connected to the other end of the third sampling resistor, and the connection point is connected to the reference electrode of the controllable voltage regulator. The cathode of the controllable voltage regulator is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler, the input terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding through the first resistor, and the anode of the controllable voltage regulator is grounded. The second resistor is connected in parallel with the primary side of the optocoupler; One end of the first capacitor is connected to the connection point of the second sampling resistor and the third sampling resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the primary side of the optocoupler. The input terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler is connected to one end of the third resistor, and the connection point is connected to the output voltage feedback pin. The other end of the third resistor receives the power supply voltage, and the output terminal of the secondary side of the optocoupler is grounded.

6. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Absorption circuit and first protection circuit; wherein: The absorption circuit is used to absorb the voltage spike generated by the switching transistor at the moment of turn-off; The first protection circuit is used to absorb overvoltage across the switching transistor.

7. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The starting resistor and the third voltage regulator circuit; where: The power input pin of the power chip is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer through the start-up resistor. The input terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit is connected to the power input pin, and the output terminal of the third voltage regulator circuit is connected to the ground pin.

8. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Current-limiting resistor, first reverse protection circuit, second reverse protection circuit, and second protection circuit; wherein: The power input pin is connected to the output terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit through the current limiting resistor, and the input terminal of the first anti-reverse circuit is connected to the high potential terminal of the first secondary winding. The second protection circuit is connected in parallel with the first anti-reverse circuit; The second protection circuit is used to absorb the overvoltage between the two ends of the first anti-reverse circuit; The input terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit is connected to the high potential terminal of the second secondary winding, and the output terminal of the second anti-reverse circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the input terminal of the first conversion power supply.

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