Charging method, device, apparatus, storage medium, and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and vehicle. The method includes: during the nth charging cycle, acquiring a first charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC; if the first charging time is longer than a second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, acquiring a target voltage, where the target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy; acquiring the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; if the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, performing staged charging of the battery using the SOCs corresponding to the plurality of charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as charging cutoff conditions. The charging method according to the embodiments of this application can reduce the charging time of the battery relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer and improving the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, batteries can be charged in stages according to a charging strategy. During this staged charging process, the cutoff condition for each stage is that the battery voltage reaches the value specified in the charging strategy. In reality, as the number of battery charging cycles increases, the positive and negative electrodes degrade, and the loss of active lithium intensifies. Therefore, in existing technologies, as batteries age, the charging current / charging rate is typically reduced to avoid lithium plating and ensure battery safety.

[0003] However, as batteries age, their impedance increases, causing them to reach the voltage specified in the charging strategy more quickly under the same charging rate conditions. For example, a schematic diagram comparing cycle data with voltage as the cutoff condition during staged charging can be shown as follows... Figure 1 As shown, during the phased charging process, the charging rate decreases each time a voltage value is reached, resulting in a longer charging time at a lower charging rate. This leads to increasingly longer battery charging times, negatively impacting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and vehicle that can reduce the charging time of a battery relative to the previous charging cycle, prevent the battery charging time from becoming longer and longer, and improve the user's battery usage experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a charging method, the method comprising:

[0006] During the nth charging cycle, the first charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC is obtained, where n is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0007] If the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, a target voltage is obtained. The target voltage is any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle.

[0008] Obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0009] When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging phases after the target voltage, with the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage in the first charging cycle.

[0010] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the method further includes:

[0011] If the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, increase the target voltage and return to the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

[0012] In one possible implementation, after performing staged charging of the battery using the State of Charge (SOC) corresponding to the plurality of charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition, the method further includes:

[0013] Obtain the third charging time, which is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle.

[0014] When the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages with SOC as the charging cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, until the number of charging cycles reaches the preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time.

[0015] Return to the step of obtaining the target voltage.

[0016] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the third charging duration, the method further includes:

[0017] If the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the multiple charging stages following the target voltage, using the State of Charge (SOC) corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition, include:

[0019] Obtain the first charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage, wherein the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages following the target voltage;

[0020] Increase the first charging rate to a second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is not greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage, and the target lithium plating window represents the maximum charging rate of the battery during the (n+1)th charging cycle in the target charging stage.

[0021] The SOC corresponding to the charging cutoff voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as the charging cutoff condition, and the battery is charged in the target charging stage at the second charging rate.

[0022] In one possible implementation, after the battery is charged in stages according to the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition in the multiple charging stages following the target voltage, the method further includes:

[0023] The battery was subjected to lithium plating detection;

[0024] If the battery is in a lithium plating state, reduce the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0025] In one possible implementation, obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage includes:

[0026] Obtain a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, wherein the first voltage is the voltage generated by the battery during polarization;

[0027] The difference between the target voltage and the first voltage is calculated to obtain the second voltage, which is the voltage of the battery in the unpolarized state corresponding to the target voltage;

[0028] Based on the preset correspondence between the second voltage and SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a charging device, which includes:

[0030] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0031] The second acquisition module is used to acquire a target voltage during the (n+1)th charging cycle when the first charging time is longer than the second charging time. The target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle.

[0032] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0033] The first charging module is used to charge the battery in stages during multiple charging phases after the target voltage, when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0034] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, which includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions;

[0035] When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements any of the possible implementations of the first aspect described above.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method in any of the possible implementations of the first aspect described above.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle that includes at least one of the following:

[0038] The charging device as described in any embodiment of the second aspect;

[0039] The electronic device as described in any embodiment of the third aspect;

[0040] Computer-readable storage medium as described in any embodiment of the fourth aspect.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, the target voltage and its corresponding theoretical SOC are obtained during the (n+1)th charging cycle. This allows for the determination of the relationship between the theoretical SOC and the target SOC, and thus, the determination of whether to adjust the charging strategy based on this relationship. When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, in the charging phase after the target voltage, the battery is charged in stages using the SOC corresponding to multiple cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the cutoff condition. Compared to always using voltage as the cutoff condition for staged charging, this allows for a slower reduction in the charging rate and an extended charging time at a higher rate. Consequently, the charging time in the (n+1)th charging cycle is shorter than that in the nth charging cycle. Therefore, this embodiment reduces the charging time relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the charging time from becoming increasingly longer and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cyclic data comparison with voltage value as the cutoff condition during a staged charging process, provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of negative electrode OCV with SOC according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of negative electrode impedance with the number of battery charging cycles provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lithium plating window corresponding to a battery in different states, as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of another charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0052] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] In the application embodiments, lithium plating refers to the phenomenon where lithium is deposited on the surface of the negative electrode in the form of metallic element, rather than being embedded in the negative electrode layers in the form of lithium ions.

[0055] State of Charge (SOC): Also known as remaining capacity, it represents the ratio of the remaining capacity of a battery after a period of use or long-term storage to its capacity in a fully charged state, usually expressed as a percentage.

[0056] State of Health (SOH): Battery capacity, health, and performance status. It is the ratio of the capacity released by the battery from a fully charged state to the cutoff voltage at a certain rate to its corresponding nominal capacity. In other words, it is the ratio of the battery's performance parameters to its nominal parameters after a period of use, and can be understood as the battery's maximum capacity.

[0057] Charging strategy: A performance parameter table based on which the battery operates during charging, consisting of three elements: temperature, SOC range (voltage range), and charging rate. The charging strategy characterizes the relationship between temperature, SOC range (voltage range), and charging rate.

[0058] Lithium plating window: The maximum rate at which the battery can be charged without lithium plating at different temperatures, according to the phased charging method.

[0059] As described in the background section, in the prior art, as the battery ages (the number of battery charging cycles increases), the charging current is usually reduced to avoid lithium plating and ensure battery safety.

[0060] But in reality, such as Figure 2 As shown, during the charging cycle, the consumption of active lithium causes the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the negative electrode to rise. Additionally, as... Figure 3 As shown, during charging cycles, the negative electrode plates continuously expand, significantly reducing the diffusion resistance Rcp of the negative electrode and thus decreasing its impedance. In other words, during charging cycles, the increase in the negative electrode's OCV and the decrease in impedance increase the battery's rechargeable current. Therefore, in practice, the lithium plating window of the battery increases with the number of cycles. For example, by performing a comprehensive check on the battery at the beginning of its lifespan, i.e., a BOL (Beginning of Life) test, the lithium plating window corresponding to the battery in the BOL state can be determined. By testing the battery at 95% aging coefficient, the lithium plating window corresponding to the battery at 95% SOH can be determined. A schematic diagram of the lithium plating window corresponding to batteries in different states can be seen as follows... Figure 4 As shown.

[0061] Based on this, in order to solve the problems of the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a charging method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and vehicle.

[0062] The charging method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0063] Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the charging method provided in this application embodiment includes the following steps:

[0064] S510. During the nth charging cycle, obtain the first charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0065] S520. If the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is obtained. The target voltage is any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle.

[0066] S530, Obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0067] S540. When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, with the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage in the first charging cycle.

[0068] The charging method of this application embodiment, when the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, obtains the target voltage and its corresponding theoretical SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle. This allows for the determination of the relationship between the theoretical SOC and the target SOC, and subsequently, the determination of whether to adjust the charging strategy based on this relationship. By charging the battery in stages after the target voltage when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to multiple cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the cutoff condition, the battery can be charged in stages. Compared to always using voltage as the cutoff condition for staged charging, this allows for a slower reduction in the charging rate and an extended charging time at a higher rate. Consequently, the charging time in the (n+1)th charging cycle is less than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. Thus, this application embodiment reduces the charging time relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer and improving the user experience.

[0069] The specific implementation methods for each of the above steps are described below.

[0070] In some embodiments, in S510, the first charging duration can be the charging duration during the nth charging cycle when the battery is charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy. In the original charging strategy, the charging cutoff condition for each charging stage is that the voltage value in the battery reaches the voltage value specified in the charging strategy (i.e., the charging cutoff voltage).

[0071] There can be a correlation between the number of charging cycles and the battery's aging state. That is, in the nth charging cycle, the battery's aging factor can be X% SOH. Thus, the charging time for a battery with X% SOH to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy can be the first charging time. Alternatively, one aging state can correspond to multiple charging cycles. That is, in the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery's aging factor can be X% SOH. Thus, the charging time for the battery to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy in the (n+1)th charging cycle can be the first charging time.

[0072] In some embodiments, in S520, the second charging duration can be the charging duration during the first charging cycle when the battery is charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy. The first charging cycle can correspond to the battery's BOL state (100% SOH).

[0073] On the one hand, the target voltage can be any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. On the other hand, the target voltage can be a monitored voltage. That is, during battery charging, the battery is continuously monitored, and if the voltage reaches any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages, that voltage can be determined as the target voltage. If the multiple charging cutoff voltages are denoted as U1, U2...U... k The target voltage can then be denoted as U. m Where k and m are both positive integers. Additionally, in the original charging strategy, there are multiple charging cutoff voltages U1, U2...U... k The corresponding charging rates can be denoted as C1, C2...C k .

[0074] As an example, if the first charging time equals the second charging time, the battery can continue to be charged according to the original charging strategy during the (n+1)th charging cycle. If the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, the original charging strategy can be adjusted based on the target voltage to reduce the charging time.

[0075] In some embodiments, in S530, the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage can be the SOC determined based on the charging strategy. It should be noted that the battery voltage and SOC can be continuously monitored during battery charging. However, since batteries typically polarize during charging, the monitored voltage and SOC will usually differ from those defined in the charging strategy.

[0076] Based on this, in order to accurately determine the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned S530 may specifically include:

[0077] Obtain the first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, where the first voltage is the voltage generated by the battery during polarization.

[0078] The difference between the target voltage and the first voltage is calculated to obtain the second voltage, which is the voltage of the battery in the unpolarized state corresponding to the target voltage;

[0079] Based on the preset correspondence between the second voltage and SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

[0080] Here, if the target voltage is denoted as U m Then the first voltage can be I m With R m The product of . Where I m and R m All of these can be obtained by looking up a table. Specifically, the charging strategy table can include the correspondence between temperature, rate, voltage, and SOC. Since temperature, voltage, and SOC can all be monitored, the rate corresponding to the target voltage can be determined. And since there is a one-to-one correspondence between rate and current, the Io corresponding to the target voltage can be determined. m Additionally, the impedance table can include the correspondence between temperature, multiplier, resistance, and state of charge (SOC). By finding the impedance in the impedance table that corresponds to the aforementioned temperature, multiplier, and SOC, R can be obtained. m In determining I m and R m Then, I can be calculated m With R m The product of these two values ​​yields the first voltage generated by the battery during polarization. By calculating the difference between the target voltage and the first voltage, the second voltage of the battery in its unpolarized state can be obtained. Specifically, if the second voltage is denoted as OCV... m The second voltage OCV can then be calculated using the following formula. m =U m -I m *R m Since a one-to-one correspondence between the second voltage and the state of charge (SOC) has been pre-established, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage can be determined after the second voltage is determined, thus obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage.

[0081] Thus, by calculating the second voltage corresponding to the target voltage when the battery is not polarized, and determining the SOC corresponding to the second voltage as the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage can be accurately determined.

[0082] In some embodiments, in S540, the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cut-off voltages can be the charging cut-off SOC. If the battery has not aged, when the battery reaches the target voltage and jumps to the next charging stage, the battery's SOC can be exactly the SOC corresponding to the target voltage.

[0083] Based on this, if the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, it can be determined that the battery's charging capacity was not fully utilized in the charging stage corresponding to the target voltage. That is, in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the SOC corresponding to the charging cutoff voltage is not reached when transitioning to the next charging stage. Therefore, if the battery is charged in stages using voltage as the cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the charging rate will decrease at a faster frequency, resulting in a longer charging time at a lower charging rate. In fact, in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the time to reach the charging cutoff SOC in each charging stage can be longer than the time to reach the charging cutoff voltage. Therefore, in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, using SOC as the charging cutoff condition, compared to using voltage as the charging cutoff condition, can decrease the charging rate at a slower frequency, prolonging the charging time at a higher charging rate, and thus making the charging time in the (n+1)th charging cycle shorter than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. In other words, if the charging time of the battery in the (n+1)th charging cycle is recorded as the third charging time, the third charging time can be less than the first charging time, thereby preventing the battery charging time from becoming longer and longer, and improving the user's battery experience.

[0084] Based on this, in order to further improve charging efficiency and reduce charging time, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned S540 may specifically include:

[0085] Obtain the first charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage, where the target charging stage is any one of multiple charging stages following the target voltage;

[0086] Increase the first charging rate to the second charging rate. The second charging rate is not greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage. The target lithium plating window represents the maximum charging rate of the battery during the target charging stage in the (n+1)th charging cycle.

[0087] The SOC corresponding to the charging cutoff voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as the charging cutoff condition, and the battery is charged at the second charging rate during the target charging stage.

[0088] Here, as Figure 4As shown, different charging stages can correspond to different lithium plating windows. The first charging rate can be the charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage in the original charging strategy. That is, in order to reduce the battery charging time, not only can charging be changed to use SOC as the cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, but the charging rate corresponding to each charging stage can also be increased to further improve charging efficiency and reduce charging time. It should be noted that, in order to avoid lithium plating caused by increasing the charging rate, the second charging rate can be no greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage.

[0089] As an example, as mentioned above, the lithium plating window widens during the aging process of a battery from 100% SOH to X% SOH. If we denote the widening factor of the lithium plating window as 'a', and denote the lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage at the BOL state (100% SOH) as 'd1', and the lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage at X% SOH as 'd2', then the widening factor can be: a = (d2 - d1) / d1. Therefore, increasing the first charging rate to the second charging rate can specifically be achieved by increasing the first charging rate by a factor of b (1 < b < a) to obtain a second charging rate no greater than the target lithium plating window.

[0090] In this way, by increasing the first charging rate to the second charging rate in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, the charging efficiency can be further improved and the charging time reduced.

[0091] If staged charging is performed solely based on SOC (State of Charge) as the cutoff condition, the risk of lithium plating is relatively high. If staged charging is performed solely based on voltage as the cutoff condition, the charging time will continuously increase as the battery ages, affecting the user experience. Therefore, in order to determine a reasonable charging strategy and improve the user experience, in some embodiments, after S530 described above, the following may be included:

[0092] If the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, increase the target voltage and return to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

[0093] Here, if the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, and the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, then in the multiple charging stages following the target voltage corresponding to the theoretical SOC, staged charging can continue with voltage as the cutoff condition. Simultaneously, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be increased, and the above steps can be repeated until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC. If the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, then in the multiple charging stages following the target voltage corresponding to the theoretical SOC, staged charging can be performed with SOC as the cutoff condition.

[0094] In this way, by increasing the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, while ensuring that the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, it is possible to determine a reasonable starting stage for phased charging with SOC as the cutoff condition, thereby determining a reasonable charging strategy and improving the user experience.

[0095] Therefore, in order to ensure that the charging time remains stable within a reasonable range and to prevent the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer, thereby improving the user experience, in some embodiments, after the above-described S540, the following may be included:

[0096] Obtain the third charging time, which is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle.

[0097] If the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, in the charging cycle after the n+1th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages with SOC as the charging cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, until the number of charging cycles reaches the preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time.

[0098] Return to the execution and obtain the target voltage.

[0099] Here, since the third charging time is the charging time for a battery with X% SOH to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the adjusted charging strategy, and the first charging time is the charging time for a battery with X% SOH to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy, the third charging time can be less than the first charging time. Furthermore, since the second charging time is the charging time for a battery with 100% SOH to be charged from 0% SOC to 100% SOC according to the original charging strategy, the third charging time may be greater than or equal to the second charging time.

[0100] As an example, the charging time of a battery can typically be the same within several adjacent charging cycles. Therefore, if the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time, then in the charging cycles after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery can be charged in stages according to the adjusted charging strategy described above until the preset number of charging cycles is reached, at which point the charging strategy is readjusted.

[0101] As another example, if the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time, then in each charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery can be charged in stages according to the adjusted charging strategy described above, and the charging time for each charge can be recorded. If the charging time is greater than the second charging time, the charging strategy can be readjusted.

[0102] In this way, if the number of charging cycles using the adjusted charging strategy reaches the preset number or the charging time exceeds the second charging time, the charging strategy is readjusted to ensure that the charging time remains stable within a reasonable range, preventing the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer and improving the user experience.

[0103] Based on this, in order to further reduce charging time and improve user experience, in some embodiments, after obtaining the third charging time, the following may also be included:

[0104] If the third charging time is longer than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process returns to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, until the third charging time is no longer than the second charging time.

[0105] Here, if the third charging time is longer than the second charging time, the charging strategy can be adjusted further to reduce the charging time. Specifically, if the third charging time is longer than the second charging time, the theoretical SOC may already be less than the target SOC during the charging phase before the current target voltage. Therefore, during the (n+2)th charging cycle, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be reduced, and the process can return to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage. If the third charging time is still longer than the second charging time, the value corresponding to the target voltage can be further reduced during the (n+3)th charging cycle, and the process can return to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, until the third charging time is no longer than the second charging time.

[0106] In this way, by continuing to adjust the charging strategy when the third charging time is longer than the second charging time, the charging time can be further reduced and the user experience improved.

[0107] Therefore, in order to ensure the charging safety of the battery, in some embodiments, after S540 described above, the following may be included:

[0108] Lithium plating detection is performed on the battery;

[0109] When the battery is in a lithium plating state, reduce the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0110] Here, after each adjustment of the charging strategy, during the next charging cycle following the adjusted strategy, lithium plating detection can be performed on the battery to determine if a lithium plating signal has been generated. If a lithium plating signal is generated, the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state can be reduced to decrease the charging current and restore the battery to normal operation. Specifically, lithium plating detection can involve performing an impedance test on the battery. If the impedance decrease is greater than a preset threshold, the battery is determined to be in a lithium plating state. If no lithium plating signal is generated, the adjusted charging strategy can be considered feasible.

[0111] In this way, by detecting lithium plating in the battery, and reducing the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state when the battery is in a lithium plating state, the charging safety of the battery can be ensured.

[0112] Therefore, in order to better describe the whole solution, some specific examples are given based on the above embodiments.

[0113] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of this application provides a charging method that may specifically include the following steps:

[0114] S61. Obtain the first charging time for the battery with X% SOH being charged in stages according to the original charging strategy.

[0115] S62. Determine whether the first charging time is greater than the second charging time. If yes, execute S64; otherwise, execute S63.

[0116] S63. Continue to charge the X% SOH battery in stages according to the original charging strategy.

[0117] S64. For batteries that extract X% SOH, during the charging process, each of C1, C2...C... k The voltages U1, U2...U corresponding to the jumps are respectively k ;

[0118] S65, from U1, U2...U k Choose any voltage U m and obtain with U m Corresponding theoretical SOC m ;

[0119] S66, in U m The previous charging phase employed a voltage switching strategy, in U m The subsequent charging phase adopts the SOC jump strategy, increases the charging rate by b (1 < b < a) times, and obtains the third charging duration;

[0120] S67. Determine whether the third charging time is greater than the second charging time. If yes, execute S68; otherwise, execute S69.

[0121] S68, Reduce U m ;

[0122] S69. During the next charging cycle, lithium plating detection is performed on the battery;

[0123] S610. Determine whether a lithium plating signal is generated. If yes, execute S611; otherwise, execute S612.

[0124] S611, reduce b;

[0125] S612. Determine that the adjusted charging strategy is a feasible charging strategy.

[0126] Therefore, by combining the changing characteristics of the charging window (lithium plating window) during the battery (cell) aging process with the application of charging strategies—that is, by adjusting the charging cutoff condition in the later stages of cycling, using SOC cutoff instead of voltage cutoff in the latter half of the cycle, and simultaneously increasing the charging rate based on the widening coefficient of the charging window after cell aging—it is possible to achieve the goal of not reducing or even increasing the battery charging speed. Furthermore, to avoid the risks of overcharging and lithium plating due to inaccurate SOC control, lithium plating detection allows for real-time adjustment of the charging strategy to prevent lithium plating. Thus, through the embodiments of this application, the battery's charging capacity can be fully utilized, the charging speed during cycling can be improved, and the user experience can be enhanced.

[0127] Based on the charging method provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides specific implementations of the charging device. Please refer to the following embodiments.

[0128] like Figure 7 As shown, the charging device 700 provided in this embodiment includes the following modules:

[0129] The first acquisition module 710 is used to acquire the first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0130] The second acquisition module 720 is used to acquire a target voltage during the (n+1)th charging cycle when the first charging time is longer than the second charging time. The target voltage is any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle.

[0131] The third acquisition module 730 is used to acquire the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage;

[0132] The first charging module 740 is used to charge the battery in stages during multiple charging stages after the target voltage when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff conditions. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

[0133] The charging device 700 described above will be described in detail below:

[0134] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0135] The increase module is used to increase the target voltage after obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, provided that the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, and then return to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

[0136] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0137] The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire the third charging time after the battery is charged in stages with the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff conditions. The third charging time is the charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC in the n+1th charging cycle.

[0138] The second charging module is used to charge the battery in stages with SOC as the charging cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage during the charging cycle after the n+1th charging cycle, provided that the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, until the number of charging cycles reaches the preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time.

[0139] The execution module is used to return the target voltage obtained during the execution process.

[0140] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0141] The first reduction module is used to reduce the target voltage during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle if the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, and then return to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first charging module 740 may specifically include:

[0143] The first acquisition submodule is used to acquire the first charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage, where the target charging stage is any one of multiple charging stages after the target voltage.

[0144] The enlargement submodule is used to increase the first charging rate to the second charging rate. The second charging rate is not greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage. The target lithium plating window represents the maximum charging rate of the battery during the target charging stage in the (n+1)th charging cycle.

[0145] The charging submodule is used to charge the battery at a second charging rate during the target charging stage, with the SOC corresponding to the charging cutoff voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition.

[0146] In some embodiments, the charging device 700 may further include:

[0147] The detection module is used to perform lithium plating detection on the battery after charging the battery in stages at multiple charging stages following the target voltage, using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition.

[0148] The second reduction module is used to reduce the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state when the battery is in a lithium plating state, so as to restore the battery to a normal state.

[0149] In some embodiments, the third acquisition module 730 may specifically include:

[0150] The second acquisition submodule is used to acquire a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, wherein the first voltage is the voltage generated by the battery during polarization.

[0151] The calculation submodule is used to calculate the difference between the target voltage and the first voltage to obtain the second voltage, which is the voltage of the battery in the unpolarized state corresponding to the target voltage.

[0152] The determination submodule is used to determine the SOC corresponding to the second voltage based on the preset correspondence between the second voltage and SOC, and to obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage.

[0153] The charging device of this application embodiment, when the first charging time is greater than the second charging time, acquires the target voltage and its corresponding theoretical SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle. This allows for the determination of the relationship between the theoretical SOC and the target SOC, and subsequently, the determination of whether to adjust the charging strategy based on this relationship. By charging the battery in stages after the target voltage when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to multiple cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the cutoff condition, the battery can be charged in stages. Compared to always using voltage as the cutoff condition for staged charging, this allows for a slower reduction in the charging rate and an extended charging time at a higher rate. Consequently, the charging time in the (n+1)th charging cycle is less than the charging time in the nth charging cycle. Thus, this application embodiment reduces the charging time relative to the previous charging cycle, preventing the battery charging time from becoming increasingly longer and improving the user experience.

[0154] Based on the charging method provided in the above embodiments, this application also provides specific implementation methods for electronic devices. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 800 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0155] Electronic device 800 may include processor 810 and memory 820 storing computer program instructions.

[0156] Specifically, the processor 810 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0157] Memory 820 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 820 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 820 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 820 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 820 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0158] Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the method according to the first aspect of this application.

[0159] The processor 810 implements any of the charging methods described in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 820.

[0160] In one example, the electronic device 800 may also include a communication interface 830 and a bus 840. For example, Figure 8 As shown, the processor 810, memory 820, and communication interface 830 are connected through bus 840 and complete communication with each other.

[0161] The communication interface 830 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0162] Bus 840 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an electronic device together. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 840 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, this application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.

[0163] For example, the electronic device 800 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, handheld computer, in-vehicle electronic device, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA), etc.

[0164] The electronic device can perform the charging method in the embodiments of this application, thereby achieving the combination Figures 5 to 7 The described charging method and apparatus.

[0165] Furthermore, in conjunction with the charging methods in the above embodiments, this application embodiment can provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementation. This computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when these computer program instructions are executed by a processor, they implement any of the charging methods in the above embodiments.

[0166] In addition, this application embodiment also provides a vehicle, which may include at least one of the following:

[0167] The charging device as described in any embodiment of the second aspect;

[0168] The electronic device as described in any embodiment of the third aspect;

[0169] Computer-readable storage media as described in any embodiment of the fourth aspect. Further details will not be provided here.

[0170] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0171] The functional blocks shown in the above-described structural diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0172] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0173] The aspects of this application have been described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that these instructions, executable via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0174] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, include: During the nth charging cycle, the first charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC is obtained, where n is a positive integer greater than 1; If the first charging time is longer than the second charging time, during the (n+1)th charging cycle, a target voltage is obtained. The target voltage is any one of the multiple charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle. Obtain the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; When the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, the battery is charged in stages in multiple charging phases after the target voltage, with the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage in the first charging cycle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage, the method further includes: If the theoretical SOC is not less than the target SOC, increase the target voltage and return to the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage until the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After charging the battery in stages using the SOC corresponding to the plurality of charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition, the method further includes: Obtain the third charging time, which is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the (n+1)th charging cycle. When the third charging time is not greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the battery is charged in stages with SOC as the charging cutoff condition in multiple charging stages after the target voltage, until the number of charging cycles reaches the preset number or the charging time is greater than the second charging time. Return to the step of obtaining the target voltage.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, After obtaining the third charging duration, the method further includes: If the third charging time is greater than the second charging time, during the charging cycle after the (n+1)th charging cycle, the target voltage is reduced, and the process of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is returned until the third charging time is no greater than the second charging time.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple charging stages following the target voltage involve staged charging of the battery using the State of Charge (SOC) corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition, including: Obtain the first charging rate corresponding to the target charging stage, wherein the target charging stage is any one of a plurality of charging stages following the target voltage; Increase the first charging rate to a second charging rate, wherein the second charging rate is not greater than the target lithium plating window corresponding to the target charging stage, and the target lithium plating window represents the maximum charging rate of the battery during the (n+1)th charging cycle in the target charging stage. The SOC corresponding to the charging cutoff voltage of the target charging stage in the original charging strategy is used as the charging cutoff condition, and the battery is charged in the target charging stage at the second charging rate.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, After charging the battery in stages at multiple charging stages following the target voltage, using the State of Charge (SOC) corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition, the method further includes: The battery was subjected to lithium plating detection; If the battery is in a lithium plating state, reduce the charging rate corresponding to the lithium plating state to restore the battery to a normal state.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage includes: Obtain a first voltage corresponding to the target voltage, wherein the first voltage is the voltage generated by the battery during polarization; The difference between the target voltage and the first voltage is calculated to obtain the second voltage, which is the voltage of the battery in the unpolarized state corresponding to the target voltage; Based on the preset correspondence between the second voltage and SOC, the SOC corresponding to the second voltage is determined, and the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage is obtained.

8. A charging device, characterized in that, The device includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the first charging time of the battery from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the nth charging cycle, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. The second acquisition module is used to acquire a target voltage during the (n+1)th charging cycle when the first charging time is longer than the second charging time. The target voltage is any one of a plurality of charging cutoff voltages defined in the original charging strategy. The second charging time is the charging time for the battery to charge from 0% SOC to 100% SOC during the first charging cycle. The third acquisition module is used to acquire the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage; The first charging module is used to charge the battery in stages during multiple charging phases after the target voltage, when the theoretical SOC is less than the target SOC, using the SOC corresponding to the multiple charging cutoff voltages in the original charging strategy as the charging cutoff condition. The target SOC is the theoretical SOC corresponding to the target voltage during the first charging cycle.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; When the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the charging method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the charging method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following: The charging device as described in claim 8; The electronic device as described in claim 9; The computer-readable storage medium as claimed in claim 10.

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