An automatic early warning system for coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mining machinery automation technology, and specifically to an automatic early warning system for suspension in a coal mine auxiliary shaft, comprising a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module, a wireless data transmission module, and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; wherein: the suspension device module is used to connect the wire rope and the cage; the balancing oil cylinder monitoring module is used to monitor the stroke and pressure data of the oil cylinder in real time; the oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module is used to analyze whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance; the automatic adjustment correction module is used to correct the stroke and pressure of the oil cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon. The present invention, through real-time monitoring, dynamic analysis, and automatic adjustment of the oil cylinder stroke and pressure, achieves synchronization and pressure balance of the lifting system, and timely warnings when abnormalities occur, significantly improving the safety and operational stability of the auxiliary shaft lifting system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine machinery automation, in particular to a coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic early warning system. Background Art

[0002] The auxiliary shaft hoisting system of a coal mine is a key component in the mine transportation operation. It is responsible for transporting personnel, materials and equipment. The safety of its operation is directly related to the stability of mine production. The suspension device and cylinder system in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system need to maintain a high degree of synchronization and balance during operation to ensure the smooth operation of the cage hoisting. However, as the operation time increases, the balancing cylinder in the suspension system is prone to stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance. This unbalanced state may cause uneven force on the wire rope. In severe cases, it may cause the cage to tilt or even damage the equipment, posing a major safety hazard. Therefore, the development of real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment systems for the auxiliary shaft suspension device has become particularly important.

[0003] Existing technical monitoring methods lack a systematic and high-precision solution for real-time monitoring, analysis, and adjustment of cylinder stroke and pressure. In hydraulic systems, in particular, pressure imbalances and asynchronous strokes between cylinders can lead to "dead cylinders," whereby a cylinder loses power or malfunctions, directly impacting the safety and efficiency of the lifting system. Furthermore, existing systems are ineffective in responding to abnormalities, failing to automatically adjust and trigger alarms when pressure imbalances or stroke anomalies occur, preventing operators from timely intervention. Therefore, it is crucial to design a system that can monitor and analyze the operating status of cylinders in real time, with automatic adjustment and early warning capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic early warning system.

[0005] An automatic early warning system for suspension in a coal mine auxiliary shaft includes a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment and correction module, a wireless data transmission module, and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; wherein:

[0006] Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure it remains balanced during the hoisting process;

[0007] Balancing cylinder monitoring module: Deployed on the balancing cylinder of the suspension device, it is equipped with a stroke sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the cylinder's stroke and pressure data in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the cylinder dynamic balancing analysis module;

[0008] Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: Receives stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, compares the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance, and generates balance analysis results;

[0009] Automatic adjustment and correction module: Based on the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, it automatically adjusts the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon;

[0010] Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room;

[0011] Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

[0012] Optionally, the suspension device module includes a connection unit, a support unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein:

[0013] Connecting unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage, and is connected to the end of the steel wire rope through a mechanical snap structure. The connecting unit also includes a pre-tightening device for dynamically adjusting the connection strength during operation to prevent unstable hoisting due to loosening.

[0014] Support unit: It consists of a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage, used to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through fixed points; the load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the cage weight;

[0015] Balance maintaining unit: It includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage. It is used to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process.

[0016] Optionally, the balancing oil cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein:

[0017] Stroke monitoring unit: Deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket, it is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor to monitor the displacement changes of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module;

[0018] Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor, which is installed inside the hydraulic cavity of the balancing cylinder and is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, it obtains the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions and transmits the pressure data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module.

[0019] Optionally, the oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein:

[0020] Data receiving unit: connected to the balancing cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, ensuring that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit;

[0021] Synchronicity Analysis Unit: This unit is used to perform longitudinal comparison of the stroke data of each cylinder. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard. It also compares the stroke synchronization with other cylinders to identify any abnormal situations such as insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke.

[0022] Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally. By comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, it analyzes their pressure balance and determines whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation.

[0023] Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the comprehensive synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment correction module.

[0024] Optionally, the synchronization analysis unit specifically includes:

[0025] Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time , and record the cylinder Travel value at each moment , used for subsequent analysis;

[0026] Stroke Standard Comparison: By comparing the cylinder The travel change value at different times and the preset travel threshold , to determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation Suppose the stroke deviation is , the specific calculation formula is: ;like Exceeding the preset travel threshold When the oil cylinder There are abnormal situations where the travel is insufficient or the travel deviates from the standard;

[0027] Stroke synchronization comparison: Synchronous analysis of the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time, specifically for the cylinder and cylinders , calculate their travel difference at time t , and its calculation formula is:

[0028] ,like Exceeding the preset synchronicity threshold When the oil cylinder and cylinders The itinerary at that moment is not synchronized;

[0029] Synchronicity analysis result generation: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated, marking the cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke.

[0030] Optionally, the pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes:

[0031] Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit and record the cylinder number The pressure value of the oil cylinder at time t is recorded as ,in Indicates the number of the oil cylinder, t indicates the time point;

[0032] Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time and calculate the pressure difference between each two cylinders If the pressure difference Exceeding the preset pressure equalization threshold When the oil cylinder With cylinder There is an imbalance in the pressure between

[0033] Pressure fluctuation detection: longitudinally analyze the pressure data of each cylinder at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; The cylinder at time t and the previous time Pressure change rate If the pressure change rate Exceeding the preset pressure fluctuation threshold , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment.

[0034] Optionally, the balance result generating unit specifically includes:

[0035] Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: ,in, It represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, Indicates cylinder The stroke deviation, n is the number of cylinders in the system, Indicates cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between them, N is the number of cylinder pairs, and is the stroke and pressure weight coefficient; if If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole system is unbalanced;

[0036] Generate a dynamic balance analysis report: Based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated. The report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder, as well as the overall balance status of the system. Any anomalies are marked. The specific cylinders and locations with stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance will be clearly marked in the report.

[0037] Optionally, the automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein:

[0038] Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balancing result generating unit. When it is detected that the stroke deviation of a certain cylinder exceeds the preset threshold, the flow regulating unit will automatically control the flow regulating valve of the corresponding cylinder to adjust the hydraulic oil flow entering the cylinder to restore it to the preset stroke range. Suppose the flow adjustment amount is , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates that the oil cylinder is entered at time t The hydraulic oil flow rate, is the flow regulation coefficient, It's a cylinder The travel deviation at time t;

[0039] Pressure regulating unit: used to generate the pressure balance analysis results provided by the balance unit and detect the cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will control the pressure regulating valve; set the pressure adjustment amount to , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates cylinder The pressure adjustment at time t is, is the pressure regulation coefficient;

[0040] Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not meet the preset standards, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal.

[0041] Optionally, the wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit, and a data verification unit; wherein:

[0042] Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module; and organize and package the collected stroke data, pressure data, and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority;

[0043] 5G communication unit: used for data transmission via the 5G network, transmitting the collected data from the underground to the surface monitoring room; the 5G communication unit includes a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is set in the surface monitoring room to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure and adjustment data;

[0044] Data encryption unit: used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered during the transmission process.

[0045] Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during transmission. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet reaches the receiving end intact and accurately.

[0046] Optionally, the host computer monitoring and alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein:

[0047] Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces respectively, which makes it easy for operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. When an abnormality is detected, the abnormal location is highlighted with a red mark;

[0048] Anomaly Detection Unit: This unit continuously monitors and analyzes received data to determine whether there are any anomalies that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module. It compares the stroke and pressure of each cylinder based on the stroke synchronization threshold and pressure equalization threshold. If the deviation exceeds the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will immediately determine that automatic correction is not possible.

[0049] Sound and light alarm unit: When the anomaly detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected has occurred, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism, triggering the alarm to emit sound and light warnings. The sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the on-site buzzer and red indicator light. The alarm unit also highlights the specific abnormality location and related data on the display screen, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time.

[0050] Manual intervention prompt unit: After triggering the sound and light alarm, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly.

[0051] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0052] The present invention realizes real-time monitoring, analysis and automatic adjustment of the cylinder stroke and pressure in the auxiliary well lifting system by introducing a balancing cylinder monitoring module, a cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment correction module and a wireless data transmission module, and can effectively solve the dead cylinder problem caused by asynchronous cylinder stroke and unbalanced pressure. The system can accurately calculate and analyze the operating status of the cylinder based on the collected data, detect abnormalities in time and automatically adjust the flow regulating valve and pressure regulating valve in the hydraulic system, so as to ensure the synchronization of the cylinder and the stability of the pressure during the lifting process, thereby improving the safety and operation efficiency of the auxiliary well lifting system.

[0053] The present invention can monitor the operating status of the entire system in real time through the host computer monitoring alarm module, and trigger an audible and visual alarm when an abnormal situation is detected that cannot be automatically corrected, prompting the operator to perform manual intervention. This not only improves the speed of abnormality detection and response, but also significantly reduces the downtime and equipment damage risk caused by faults, further enhancing the reliability of the system and the safety of mine production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an automatic early warning system for a coal mine auxiliary shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a cylinder dynamic balance analysis module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is also noted that, to provide a more detailed description, the following embodiments are best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may employ alternative methods for implementing certain known technologies. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are intended only to provide a more detailed description of the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "exemplary embodiments," "some embodiments," etc. indicate that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not necessarily every embodiment will include such specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, when specific features, structures, or characteristics are described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of persons skilled in the relevant art to implement such features, structures, or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0059] In general, terms can be understood, at least in part, from their use in context. For example, depending at least in part on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending at least in part on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0060] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an automatic early warning system for suspension of a coal mine auxiliary shaft includes a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment and correction module, a wireless data transmission module, and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; wherein:

[0061] Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure it remains balanced during the hoisting process;

[0062] Balancing cylinder monitoring module: Deployed on the balancing cylinder of the suspension device, it is equipped with a stroke sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the cylinder's stroke and pressure data in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the cylinder dynamic balancing analysis module;

[0063] Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: Receives stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, compares the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance, and generates balance analysis results;

[0064] Automatic adjustment and correction module: Based on the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, it automatically adjusts the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon;

[0065] Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room, ensuring stable and real-time data transmission in the complex environment underground, avoiding delays or data loss during the transmission process;

[0066] Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

[0067] The suspension device module includes a connection unit, a support unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein:

[0068] Connection unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage. By using a mechanical snap structure to connect the end of the steel wire rope, it ensures that the steel wire rope maintains a reliable mechanical connection with the cage during the lifting and lowering process. The connection unit also includes a pre-tightening device for dynamically adjusting the connection strength during operation to prevent unstable lifting due to loosening.

[0069] Support unit: consists of a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage, used to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through fixed points. The load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the cage weight to prevent load concentration from causing system deviation or instability. The rigid structural design of the two ensures that the cage maintains structural stability under loaded and unloaded conditions, avoiding shaking caused by load changes.

[0070] Balance maintaining unit: includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage. It is used to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process and avoid safety problems caused by tilt or center of gravity shift. By combining the connection unit, the support unit and the balance maintaining unit, the suspension device module can ensure that the cage is firmly connected to the wire rope during the lifting process, and through the real-time posture adjustment function, it can achieve stable lifting of the cage, avoid safety hazards caused by cage tilt or loose connection, and greatly improve the operation reliability of the auxiliary shaft lifting system.

[0071] The balancing cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein:

[0072] Stroke monitoring unit: Deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket, it is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor to monitor the displacement changes of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module to determine whether the cylinder stroke has reached the preset range;

[0073] Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor, which is installed inside the hydraulic cavity of the balancing cylinder and is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions is obtained, and the pressure data is transmitted to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module for detecting the stability and balance state of the pressure inside the cylinder. Through the cooperation of the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, the balancing cylinder monitoring module can obtain the stroke and pressure data of the cylinder in real time and accurately, ensuring that the system can quickly identify the abnormal state of the cylinder and improve the monitoring accuracy and safety of the overall suspension system.

[0074] The oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein:

[0075] Data receiving unit: connected to the balancing cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, ensuring that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit to support subsequent synchronization and pressure analysis;

[0076] Synchronicity Analysis Unit: This unit is used to perform longitudinal comparison of the stroke data of each cylinder. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard. It also compares the stroke synchronization with other cylinders to identify any abnormal situations such as insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke.

[0077] Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally. By comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, it analyzes their pressure balance and determines whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation.

[0078] Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the comprehensive synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment correction module as the basis for automatically adjusting the cylinder status; through the coordination and cooperation of various units, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module can accurately analyze the stroke and pressure status of multiple cylinders, quickly identify whether there are abnormal conditions such as stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance, generate accurate balance analysis results, and provide reliable data support for the system's automatic adjustment.

[0079] The synchronization analysis unit specifically includes:

[0080] Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time , and record the cylinder Travel value at each moment , used for subsequent analysis;

[0081] Stroke Standard Comparison: By comparing the cylinder The travel change value at different times and the preset travel threshold , to determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation Suppose the stroke deviation is , the specific calculation formula is: ;like Exceeding the preset travel threshold When the oil cylinder There are abnormal situations where the travel is insufficient or the travel deviates from the standard;

[0082] Stroke synchronization comparison: Synchronous analysis of the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time, specifically for the cylinder and cylinders , calculate their travel difference at time t , and its calculation formula is:

[0083] ,like Exceeding the preset synchronicity threshold When the oil cylinder and cylinders The itinerary at that moment is not synchronized;

[0084] Generation of synchronization analysis results: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated, cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke are marked, and the analysis results are transmitted to the balance result generation unit as a basis for further adjustment; through the above-mentioned step-by-step analysis, the synchronization analysis unit can accurately determine whether the stroke of each cylinder is consistent with the set standard, and identify abnormal situations of asynchronous stroke by comparing the stroke differences of multiple cylinders. Combined with the stroke change collection and synchronization comparison algorithm in the present invention, the accuracy and reliability of cylinder stroke control in the auxiliary well lifting system can be effectively improved.

[0085] The pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes:

[0086] Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit and record the cylinder number The pressure value of the oil cylinder at time t is recorded as ,in Indicates the cylinder number , t represents the time point;

[0087] Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time and calculate the pressure difference between each two cylinders ; For the number and numbered The pressure difference of the oil cylinder at time t The calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates cylinder The pressure at time t, Indicates cylinder The pressure at time t, Indicates the pressure difference between the two at time ; if the pressure difference Exceeding the preset pressure equalization threshold When the oil cylinder With cylinder There is an imbalance in the pressure between

[0088] Pressure fluctuation detection: longitudinally analyze the pressure data of each cylinder at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; The cylinder at time t and the previous time Pressure change rate , the formula is: ,in, Indicates cylinder The pressure at time t, Indicates that the cylinder was at the previous moment pressure, Indicates cylinder The pressure change rate at time t; if the pressure change rate Exceeding the preset pressure fluctuation threshold When , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment. If the pressure difference or pressure change rate exceeds the threshold, the result is marked as "pressure imbalance" or "abnormal pressure fluctuation"; the above steps calculate and analyze the pressure difference and pressure fluctuation step by step. The pressure balance analysis unit can accurately determine whether the pressure distribution between multiple cylinders is balanced. Combined with the defined pressure balance standard, it can accurately detect pressure imbalance and abnormal fluctuation in the hydraulic system.

[0089] The balance result generating unit specifically includes:

[0090] Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: ,in, It represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, Indicates cylinder The stroke deviation, n is the number of cylinders in the system, Indicates cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between them, N is the number of cylinder pairs (meaning the total number of all possible cylinder pair combinations in the system), and is the stroke and pressure weight coefficient; if If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole system is unbalanced;

[0091] Generate a dynamic balance analysis report: Based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated. The report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder, as well as the overall balance status of the system, and anomalies are marked. The analysis report will clearly mark the specific cylinders and locations with stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance. By synchronously processing the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results, the above steps can accurately calculate the overall balance status of the system, generate a detailed dynamic balance analysis report, and provide a clear basis for adjustment.

[0092] The automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein:

[0093] Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balance result generating unit, and when a stroke deviation of a cylinder is detected Exceeding the preset threshold When the flow regulating unit automatically controls the flow regulating valve of the corresponding oil cylinder to adjust the flow of hydraulic oil entering the oil cylinder; by controlling the hydraulic flow of the oil cylinder to increase or decrease the displacement of the piston, the stroke of the oil cylinder is corrected to restore it to the preset stroke range; suppose the flow adjustment amount is , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates that the oil cylinder is entered at time t The hydraulic oil flow rate, is the flow regulation coefficient, It's a cylinder The travel deviation at time t;

[0094] Pressure regulating unit: used to generate the pressure balance analysis results provided by the balance unit and detect the cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will adjust the pressure distribution in the hydraulic system by controlling the pressure regulating valve to ensure the pressure of each cylinder is balanced; set the pressure adjustment amount to , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates cylinder The pressure adjustment at time t is, is the pressure regulation coefficient;

[0095] Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time, and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not meet the preset standard, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal. The feedback control unit ensures that the system automatically adjusts in real time and avoids dead cylinder phenomenon through closed-loop control logic; through the coordinated work of the flow regulation unit and the pressure regulation unit, combined with the closed-loop control of the feedback control unit, the automatic adjustment correction module can effectively correct the stroke deviation and pressure imbalance of the cylinder, ensuring that each cylinder in the hydraulic system maintains synchronous and balanced operation, avoiding dead cylinder phenomenon caused by insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance, thereby improving the operation stability and safety of the system.

[0096] The wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit, and a data verification unit; wherein:

[0097] Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module; and organize and package the collected stroke data, pressure data, and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority to ensure the order and integrity of data transmission;

[0098] 5G communication unit: Used for data transmission via the 5G network. Based on the large bandwidth, low latency, and high reliability of 5G communication technology, the collected data is transmitted from the underground to the surface monitoring room. The 5G communication unit consists of a transmitting module and a receiving module. The transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is located in the surface monitoring room and is used to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure, and adjustment data. The transmitting module uses a high-gain antenna to enhance the stability of signal transmission and ensure stable data transmission in complex underground environments.

[0099] Data encryption unit: To ensure the security of transmitted data, the data encryption unit is used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered with during the transmission process. The received data will be decrypted on the host computer in the ground monitoring room;

[0100] Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during transmission. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet arrives at the receiving end completely and accurately. If the data verification unit detects data loss or error, it will automatically request resending to ensure the accuracy of the transmitted data; through the combination of data acquisition unit, 5G communication unit, data encryption unit and data verification unit, the wireless data transmission module can realize fast, reliable and secure data transmission between downhole equipment and the ground monitoring room, ensuring that the balance cylinder monitoring data, dynamic analysis data and adjustment correction instructions can be transmitted to the host computer in real time.

[0101] The host computer monitoring and alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein:

[0102] Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces, allowing operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. The display unit simultaneously displays the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder in digital and graphical form, and when an abnormality is detected, the abnormal location is highlighted with a red mark.

[0103] Anomaly Detection Unit: This unit continuously monitors and analyzes received data to determine whether there are any anomalies that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module. It compares the stroke and pressure of each cylinder based on the stroke synchronization threshold and pressure equalization threshold. If the deviation exceeds the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will immediately determine that automatic correction is not possible.

[0104] Sound and light alarm unit: When the anomaly detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected has occurred, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism, triggering the alarm to emit sound and light warnings. The sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the on-site buzzer and red indicator light. The alarm unit also highlights the specific abnormality location and related data on the display screen, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time.

[0105] Manual intervention prompt unit: After triggering the sound and light alarm, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly and ensure that the system returns to normal in time; through the close cooperation of the above units, the host computer monitoring and alarm module can monitor the operating status of the system in real time, and when it detects an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected, it quickly triggers the sound and light alarm to prompt the operator to intervene effectively, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system and avoiding serious faults.

[0106] The present invention encompasses any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and solutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. To provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail below in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will be able to fully understand the present invention without these detailed descriptions. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail.

[0107] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine auxiliary shaft suspension automatic warning system, characterized in that: It includes a suspension device module, a balancing oil cylinder monitoring module, an oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, an automatic adjustment and correction module, a wireless data transmission module, and a host computer monitoring and alarm module; among which: Suspension device module: installed in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system, used to connect the wire rope and the cage, support the cage and ensure it remains balanced during the hoisting process; The balancing oil cylinder monitoring module includes a stroke monitoring unit and a pressure monitoring unit; wherein: Stroke monitoring unit: Deployed on the outer wall of the balancing cylinder of the suspension device through a fixed bracket, it is equipped with a linear displacement stroke sensor to monitor the displacement changes of the cylinder piston rod in real time, capture the actual stroke data of the cylinder, and transmit the data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module; Pressure monitoring unit: includes a pressure sensor installed inside the hydraulic chamber of the balancing cylinder. It is used to monitor the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder in real time. By measuring the instantaneous pressure changes of the hydraulic system, it obtains the working pressure data of the cylinder under different working conditions and transmits the pressure data to the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module. Cylinder dynamic balance analysis module: Receives stroke and pressure data from the balance cylinder monitoring module, compares the stroke synchronization and pressure balance of multiple cylinders, analyzes whether there are abnormal conditions such as insufficient stroke or pressure imbalance, and generates balance analysis results; The oil cylinder dynamic balance analysis module includes a data receiving unit, a synchronization analysis unit, a pressure balance analysis unit and a balance result generation unit; wherein: Data receiving unit: connected to the balancing cylinder monitoring module, used to receive the stroke and pressure data transmitted in real time by the stroke monitoring unit and the pressure monitoring unit, and classify and mark the stroke and pressure data of each cylinder according to its number, ensuring that the data of each cylinder matches the corresponding analysis unit; Synchronicity Analysis Unit: This unit is used to perform longitudinal comparison of the stroke data of each cylinder. By analyzing the stroke changes of the same cylinder at different times, it is determined whether the stroke during operation is consistent with the set standard. It also compares the stroke synchronization with other cylinders to identify any abnormal situations such as insufficient stroke or asynchronous stroke. Pressure balance analysis unit: used to compare the pressure data of multiple cylinders horizontally. By comparing the pressure distribution between different cylinders at the same time, it analyzes their pressure balance and determines whether there is pressure imbalance or abnormal pressure fluctuation. Balance result generation unit: Based on the analysis results of the synchronization analysis unit and the pressure balance analysis unit, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated according to the preset stroke synchronization threshold and pressure balance standard, and transmitted to the automatic adjustment and correction module; The balance result generating unit specifically includes: Comprehensive balance evaluation: Based on the analysis results of stroke synchronization and pressure balance, the overall balance evaluation index of the system is calculated using the following formula: ,in, It represents the overall dynamic balance evaluation index of the system, Indicates cylinder The stroke deviation, n is the number of cylinders in the system, Indicates cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between them, N is the number of cylinder pairs, and is the stroke and pressure weight coefficient; if If the preset balance threshold is exceeded, the system determines that the whole system is unbalanced; Generate a dynamic balance analysis report: Based on the results of the comprehensive balance evaluation, a dynamic balance analysis report is generated. The report includes the stroke synchronization and pressure balance analysis results of each cylinder, as well as the overall balance status of the system. Any anomalies are marked. The specific cylinders and locations with stroke asynchrony or pressure imbalance are clearly marked in the report. Automatic adjustment and correction module: Based on the balance analysis results provided by the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, it automatically adjusts the flow control valve and pressure control valve in the hydraulic system to correct the stroke and pressure of the cylinder to avoid the occurrence of dead cylinder phenomenon; Wireless data transmission module: Through 5G communication technology, all data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module are transmitted to the host computer in the ground monitoring room; Upper computer monitoring and alarm module: Located in the ground monitoring room, it is used to receive and display data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module and the automatic adjustment and correction module to monitor the system operation status in real time; and when an abnormal situation that cannot be automatically corrected is detected, it triggers an audible and visual alarm to prompt the operator to intervene manually.

2. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suspension device module includes a connecting unit, a supporting unit and a balance maintaining unit; wherein: Connecting unit: used to fix the steel wire rope in the auxiliary shaft hoisting system to the top of the cage, and is connected to the end of the steel wire rope through a mechanical snap structure. The connecting unit also includes a pre-tightening device for dynamically adjusting the connection strength during operation to prevent unstable hoisting due to loosening. Support unit: It consists of a support frame and a load-bearing part. The support frame is installed on the top of the cage, used to bear the vertical load from the cage and evenly transfer the weight to the suspension system through fixed points; the load-bearing part is connected to the cage structure to evenly distribute the cage weight; Balance maintaining unit: It includes a regulator and a balance sensor. The balance sensor is installed between the support unit and the bottom of the cage. It is used to detect the tilt angle of the cage in real time and transmit the data to the regulator. The regulator is used to dynamically adjust the force of the wire rope at each connection point according to the tilt data to ensure that the cage has a stable posture during the entire lifting process.

3. The automatic warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The synchronization analysis unit specifically includes: Stroke change collection: first receive the stroke data of each cylinder transmitted by the data receiving unit, and collect the stroke change values ​​of each cylinder at different times on the time axis; set the time , and record the cylinder Travel value at each moment , used for subsequent analysis; Stroke Standard Comparison: By comparing the cylinder The travel change value at different times and the preset travel threshold , to determine whether the cylinder has insufficient stroke or deviates from the set standard during operation Suppose the stroke deviation is , the specific calculation formula is: ;like Exceeding the preset travel threshold When the oil cylinder There are abnormal situations where the travel is insufficient or the travel deviates from the standard; Stroke synchronization comparison: Synchronous analysis of the stroke data of multiple cylinders at the same time, specifically for the cylinder and cylinders , calculate their travel difference at time t , and its calculation formula is: ,like Exceeding the preset synchronicity threshold When the oil cylinder and cylinders The itinerary at that moment is not synchronized; Synchronicity analysis result generation: Based on the longitudinal and transverse comparison results of all cylinder stroke data, a synchronization analysis report is generated, marking the cylinders with insufficient stroke, stroke deviation and asynchronous stroke.

4. The automatic early warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pressure balance analysis unit specifically includes: Pressure data acquisition: Receive the pressure data of multiple cylinders at the same time from the data receiving unit and record the cylinder number The pressure value of the oil cylinder at time t is recorded as ,in Indicates the number of the oil cylinder, t indicates the time point; Pressure difference calculation: compare the pressure of multiple cylinders at the same time and calculate the pressure difference between each two cylinders If the pressure difference Exceeding the preset pressure equalization threshold When the oil cylinder With cylinder There is an imbalance in the pressure between Pressure fluctuation detection: longitudinally analyze the pressure data of each cylinder at different time points to detect the pressure fluctuation of the same cylinder; The cylinder at time t and the previous time Pressure change rate If the pressure change rate Exceeding the preset pressure fluctuation threshold , it is determined that the cylinder has abnormal pressure fluctuation at this moment.

5. The automatic warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension in coal mines according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The automatic adjustment and correction module includes a flow adjustment unit, a pressure adjustment unit and a feedback control unit; wherein: Flow regulating unit: used to receive the stroke synchronization analysis results provided by the balancing result generating unit. When it is detected that the stroke deviation of a certain cylinder exceeds the preset threshold, the flow regulating unit will automatically control the flow regulating valve of the corresponding cylinder to adjust the hydraulic oil flow entering the cylinder to restore it to the preset stroke range. Suppose the flow adjustment amount is , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates that the oil cylinder is entered at time t The hydraulic oil flow rate, is the flow regulation coefficient, It's a cylinder The travel deviation at time t; Pressure regulating unit: used to generate the pressure balance analysis results provided by the balance unit and detect the cylinder and cylinders The pressure difference between Whether it exceeds the preset threshold; when the pressure is unbalanced, the pressure regulating unit will control the pressure regulating valve; set the pressure adjustment amount to , the calculation formula is: ,in, Indicates cylinder The pressure adjustment at time t is, is the pressure regulation coefficient; Feedback control unit: used to receive the adjusted stroke and pressure data in real time and determine whether readjustment is needed; if the adjusted stroke or pressure still does not meet the preset standards, the feedback control unit will continue to issue adjustment instructions until the stroke synchronization and pressure balance return to normal.

6. The automatic warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension in coal mines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless data transmission module includes a data acquisition unit, a 5G communication unit, a data encryption unit and a data verification unit; wherein: Data acquisition unit: used to receive real-time data from the balancing cylinder monitoring module, the cylinder dynamic balance analysis module, and the automatic adjustment correction module; and organize and package the collected stroke data, pressure data, and adjustment instruction data according to the set priority; 5G communication unit: used for data transmission via the 5G network, transmitting the collected data from the underground to the surface monitoring room; the 5G communication unit includes a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module is installed at the underground equipment end, and the receiving module is set in the surface monitoring room to receive the transmitted stroke, pressure and adjustment data; Data encryption unit: used to encrypt all transmitted data. The encryption process adopts the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm to encrypt the stroke, pressure and adjustment data layer by layer to ensure that the data will not be intercepted or tampered during the transmission process. Data verification unit: During the data transmission process, it is used to perform integrity verification on the transmitted data packets and detect data loss or damage during transmission. Specifically, a verification code is attached to each data packet to confirm whether the data packet reaches the receiving end intact and accurately.

7. The automatic warning system for auxiliary shaft suspension of coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The host computer monitoring and alarm module includes a display unit, an abnormality detection unit, an audible and visual alarm unit, and a manual intervention prompt unit; wherein: Display unit: used to display the received data in real time on the monitoring screen. The stroke, pressure and adjustment status are presented in graphical interfaces respectively, which makes it easy for operators to quickly understand the current operating status of the system. When an abnormality is detected, the abnormal location is highlighted with a red mark; Anomaly Detection Unit: This unit continuously monitors and analyzes received data to determine whether there are any anomalies that cannot be corrected by the automatic adjustment and correction module. It compares the stroke and pressure of each cylinder based on the stroke synchronization threshold and pressure equalization threshold. If the deviation exceeds the preset range and the adjustment and correction module cannot return to normal within the specified time, it will immediately determine that automatic correction is not possible. Sound and light alarm unit: When the anomaly detection unit determines that an abnormality that cannot be automatically corrected has occurred, the sound and light alarm unit automatically activates the alarm mechanism, triggering the alarm to emit sound and light warnings. The sound and light alarm signal will notify the operator through the on-site buzzer and red indicator light. The alarm unit also highlights the specific abnormality location and related data on the display screen, prompting the operator to intervene manually in time. Manual intervention prompt unit: After triggering the sound and light alarm, it is used to generate abnormal information and fault location on the host computer interface, and provide corresponding processing suggestions, including cylinder adjustment measures, stroke or pressure adjustment plans, to help operators intervene quickly.

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