High-performance antibacterial and detoxification polymer material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of polymer material technology. It comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts polylactic acid, 10-15 parts polyetheretherketone (PEEK), 7-10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts dispersant, 1-2 parts antioxidant, 1-2 parts plasticizer, 3-5 parts antibacterial agent, 3-8 parts glass fiber, and 1-3 parts compatibilizer. This invention uses polylactic acid as the base material of the polymer material, improves the overall performance of the material by adding PEEK, glass fiber, and additives, enhances the antibacterial and antiviral properties of the polymer material through the antibacterial agent, and improves the adsorption capacity of the polymer material for toxic substances through the modified diatomaceous earth, thereby achieving detoxification. The polymer material prepared by this invention exhibits excellent antibacterial and detoxifying properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polymer materials technology, and relates to a high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid social development and improved living standards, the harm posed by harmful microorganisms such as bacteria and mold to human health, quality of life, and living environment has received increasing attention. Antimicrobial materials, as a class of materials capable of effectively resisting the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and protecting human health, are of great significance in their research and application. Compared with traditional physical and chemical sterilization methods, antimicrobial products have a self-cleaning effect, directly killing pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces, effectively preventing cross-infection and resisting infectious diseases.

[0003] Detoxification materials not only refer to materials that can remove viruses, but also include materials that can remove or inhibit other toxic and harmful substances (such as bacteria, mold, harmful gases, heavy metal ions, etc.).

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material for application in various fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material and its preparation method. The polymer material prepared by this invention has excellent antibacterial properties and good removal ability for toxic substances.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts polylactic acid, 10-15 parts polyether ether ketone, 7-10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts dispersant, 1-2 parts antioxidant, 1-2 parts plasticizer, 3-5 parts antibacterial agent, 3-8 parts glass fiber, and 1-3 parts compatibilizer;

[0008] The preparation process of the modified diatomaceous earth is as follows:

[0009] Diatomaceous earth is calcined at 600-700℃ for 3-5 hours, naturally cooled to room temperature, and then ball-milled at 400 r / min for 2-4 hours. After passing through a 200-mesh sieve, diatomaceous earth powder is obtained, which is pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0010] Sodium p-aminobenzoate was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 15-25%. 30-40 parts of pretreated diatomaceous earth were thoroughly mixed with 100 parts of the solution to form a suspension. The suspension was ultrasonically treated for 20-25 minutes, then stirred at 55-65℃ for 3-4 hours. After stirring, the suspension was heated to 100℃ and kept at that temperature for 5-8 hours to ensure the solid was completely dry. The completely dry solid was then mixed with a fluorinated surfactant at a mass ratio of 20:1 at 65-70℃ and stirred for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the modified diatomaceous earth.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation process of the antibacterial agent is as follows:

[0012] By weight, 2-5 parts of chitosan and 60-70 parts of 0.3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution were stirred at 60-65°C for 1-2 hours, and then 30-35 parts of dicyandiamine aqueous solution were added. The temperature was raised to 90-95°C and stirred for 4-5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 25-30°C and precipitated with ice-cold anhydrous ethanol and centrifuged to obtain precipitate A.

[0013] Dissolve 10-20 parts of the obtained precipitate A in 50-65 parts of ultrapure water, and add 20-30 parts of graphene oxide to form a dispersion. Heat the dispersion to 80-100℃, sonicate for 40-60 minutes, filter and freeze dry to obtain graphene oxide loaded with chitosan biguanide hydrochloride, i.e. modified graphene oxide.

[0014] At 35-45℃, 5-10 parts of geraniol were dissolved in 60-65 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for 20-25 minutes. Then, 20-30 parts of nano zinc oxide were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for another 25-30 minutes. After the treatment, the mixture was filtered and dried at 70-80℃ for 6-10 hours to obtain modified nano zinc oxide.

[0015] Modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1 were ball-milled at 400 r / min for 3-5 h and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant is one or more of low molecular weight polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, and polyether.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compatibilizer is one of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, and antioxidant 168.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plasticizer is one of dioctyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol, and polytetramethylene ether glycol.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass concentration of the dicyandiamine aqueous solution is 0.05 g / mL.

[0021] A method for preparing a high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material includes the following preparation steps:

[0022] S1. By weight, prepare 60-70 parts polylactic acid, 10-15 parts polyetheretherketone, 7-10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts dispersant, 3-5 parts antibacterial agent, 3-8 parts glass fiber and 1-3 parts compatibilizer.

[0023] S2. After mixing the raw materials from step S1, mix them in a high-speed mixer at 800~1500 rpm for 20~30 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0024] S3. Add the mixture to a twin-screw extruder and obtain the shaped material through the extrusion process. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: Zone 1 170~180℃, Zone 2 190~200℃, Zone 3 205~210℃.

[0025] S4. After drying at a temperature of 75~85℃ for 4~7h, the high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material is obtained.

[0026] In this invention, diatomaceous earth is first calcined at 600-700℃ to remove organic impurities from its surface, thereby increasing the SiO2 content, enlarging the micropore diameter, enhancing surface acidity, and improving its adsorption capacity. Next, the diatomaceous earth is modified with sodium p-aminobenzoate. Treatment with sodium p-aminobenzoate solution introduces amino functional groups onto the diatomaceous earth surface, increasing adsorption sites for toxic substances such as formaldehyde. The amino groups form hydrogen or ionic bonds with various substances, further enhancing the adsorption capacity for toxic pollutants. Simultaneously, the sodium p-aminobenzoate solution treatment enhances the negative charge on the diatomaceous earth surface, facilitating the adsorption of positively charged pollutants through electrostatic interactions, further improving the adsorption capacity for toxic substances and achieving a detoxification effect. Finally, treatment with a fluorinated surfactant allows it to adhere to the surface of the diatomaceous earth through physical adsorption and penetrate its microporous structure. Optimizing the pore structure helps increase the specific surface area of ​​the diatomaceous earth, providing more adsorption sites. Meanwhile, modified diatomaceous earth can adsorb and fix virus particles, thereby reducing the spread of viruses in the air, and destroy the cell membranes of viruses and bacteria through its surface structure, achieving antibacterial and antiviral effects.

[0027] Chitosan is a low-toxicity natural cationic polysaccharide. Its strong antibacterial activity arises from the protonation of amino groups on its molecular chain under acidic conditions. Guanidyllation treatment improves the water solubility of chitosan and increases its positive charge, further enhancing its antibacterial properties. In this invention, chitosan biguanide hydrochloride is prepared and mixed with a graphene oxide dispersion. After ultrasonic treatment, the chitosan biguanide hydrochloride is uniformly dispersed in the graphene oxide dispersion. Finally, freeze-drying effectively loads the chitosan biguanide hydrochloride onto the graphene oxide.

[0028] Modified graphene oxide carries a greater positive charge on its surface, enhancing its electrostatic attraction to the negatively charged bacterial cell membrane. This facilitates tighter bacterial adsorption and improves antibacterial efficacy. Simultaneously, the graphene oxide surface introduces or exposes more antibacterial active sites, which can more effectively disrupt bacterial cell walls or interfere with bacterial metabolic processes, thereby improving antibacterial properties. Modified graphene oxide combines the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide with those of chitosan biguanide hydrochloride, acting synergistically on bacterial cells to disrupt bacterial structure or inhibit bacterial growth from different angles, thus significantly improving the material's antibacterial and antiviral effects.

[0029] Geraniol-modified nano-zinc oxide involves ultrasonic treatment of geraniol solution and nano-zinc oxide. Geraniol molecules can adhere to the surface of zinc oxide particles through physical adsorption. Combined with the antibacterial properties of geraniol itself, this further enhances the antibacterial and antiviral performance of the antibacterial nano-zinc oxide.

[0030] Antibacterial agents obtained by ball milling modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide can significantly improve antibacterial and antiviral effects through the combined action of different antibacterial and antiviral mechanisms.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] This invention uses polylactic acid (PLA) as the base material of a polymer. PLA has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, but its mechanical properties are relatively weak. On the other hand, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. Therefore, adding PEEK to PLA base material can make up for their respective shortcomings and form a composite material with better performance.

[0033] Simultaneously, antibacterial agents are added to enhance the antibacterial properties of the polymer material, and modified diatomaceous earth is used to improve the polymer material's adsorption capacity for toxic substances, thereby achieving detoxification. Glass fiber is added, which has high-temperature stability, and its special chemical structure can inhibit the movement of polylactic acid molecular conformation to a certain extent, thereby improving the thermal stability of polylactic acid. As a high-strength and high-rigidity material, the addition of glass fiber can effectively improve the mechanical properties and durability of polylactic acid, and other additives help improve the overall performance stability of the polymer material, contributing to the durability of antibacterial and antiviral properties. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0035] The fluorinated surfactant used in this invention is perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, which was purchased from Beijing Bailingwei Technology Co., Ltd.

[0036] Diatomaceous earth: purchased from Shandong Fengtai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0037] Sodium p-aminobenzoate: purchased from Jinan Liheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0038] Chitosan: Purchased from Xi'an Kangnuo Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0039] Dicyandiamide: Purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0040] Graphene oxide: purchased from Wuhan Penglei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] Geraniol: Purchased from Jiangxi Zhonghuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0042] Nano zinc oxide: purchased from Jinan Century Tongda Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0043] Polylactic acid: purchased from Wuhan Shuer Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0044] Polyetheretherketone (PEEK): Purchased from Hubei Qifei Pharmaceutical & Chemical Co., Ltd., product number: QF5226;

[0045] Titanium dioxide: purchased from Hubei Chengfeng Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0046] Low molecular weight polyethylene wax: purchased from Shanghai Yiba Chemical Raw Materials Co., Ltd., item number: 1000;

[0047] Antioxidant 1010: Purchased from Hubei Qifei Pharmaceutical & Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0048] Dioctyl phthalate: purchased from Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0049] Fiberglass: Purchased from Shanghai Myriel Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0050] Maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene: purchased from Guangdong Wengjiang Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The preparation process of modified diatomaceous earth is as follows:

[0053] Diatomaceous earth was calcined at 600℃ for 3 hours, then naturally cooled to room temperature, and then ball-milled at 400 r / min for 2 hours. The diatomaceous earth powder was obtained by passing it through a 200-mesh sieve, thus obtaining pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0054] Sodium p-aminobenzoate was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 15% solution by weight. 30 parts of pretreated diatomaceous earth were thoroughly mixed with 100 parts of the solution to form a suspension. The suspension was ultrasonically treated for 20 min, then stirred at 55°C for 3 h. After stirring, the suspension was heated to 100°C and kept at that temperature for 5 h to allow the solid to dry completely. The completely dried solid was then mixed with a fluorinated surfactant at a mass ratio of 20:1 at 65°C and stirred for 1 h to obtain the modified diatomaceous earth.

[0055] The preparation process of the antibacterial agent is as follows:

[0056] By weight, 2 parts of chitosan and 60 parts of 0.3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution were stirred at 60°C for 1 h, and then 30 parts of 0.05 g / mL dicyandiamine aqueous solution were added. The temperature was raised to 90°C and stirred for 4 h. After cooling to 25°C, the mixture was precipitated with ice-cold anhydrous ethanol and centrifuged to obtain precipitate A.

[0057] Ten parts of the obtained precipitate A were dissolved in 50 parts of ultrapure water, and 20 parts of graphene oxide were added to form a dispersion. The mixture was heated to 80°C and ultrasonically treated for 40 minutes. After filtration and freeze drying, graphene oxide loaded with chitosan biguanide hydrochloride was obtained, i.e. modified graphene oxide.

[0058] At 35°C, 5 parts of geraniol were dissolved in 60 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and the mixture was sonicated for 20 min. Then, 20 parts of nano zinc oxide were added, and the mixture was sonicated for another 25 min. After the process, the mixture was filtered and dried at 70°C for 6 h to obtain modified nano zinc oxide.

[0059] Modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1 were ball-milled at 400 r / min for 3 h and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0060] Preparation steps of high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer materials:

[0061] S1. By weight, prepare 60 parts polylactic acid, 10 parts polyether ether ketone, 7 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3 parts titanium dioxide, 1 part low molecular weight polyethylene wax, 1 part antioxidant 1010, 1 part dioctyl phthalate, 3 parts antibacterial agent, 3 parts glass fiber and 1 part maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene.

[0062] S2. After mixing the raw materials from step S1, mix them in a high-speed mixer at 800 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0063] S3. Add the mixture to a twin-screw extruder and obtain the shaped material through the extrusion process. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: Zone 1 170℃, Zone 2 190℃, Zone 3 205℃.

[0064] S4. After drying at 75℃ for 4 hours, the high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material is obtained.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The preparation process of modified diatomaceous earth is as follows:

[0067] Diatomaceous earth was calcined at 650℃ for 4 hours, then naturally cooled to room temperature, and then ball-milled at 400 r / min for 3 hours. The diatomaceous earth powder was obtained by passing it through a 200-mesh sieve, thus obtaining pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0068] Sodium p-aminobenzoate was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 20% solution. 35 parts of pretreated diatomaceous earth were thoroughly mixed with 100 parts of the solution to form a suspension. The suspension was ultrasonically treated for 22 min and then stirred at 60°C for 3.5 h. After stirring, the suspension was heated to 100°C and kept at that temperature for 6 h to ensure the solid was completely dry. The completely dry solid was then mixed with a fluorinated surfactant at a mass ratio of 20:1 at 68°C and stirred for 1.3 h to obtain the modified diatomaceous earth.

[0069] The preparation process of the antibacterial agent is as follows:

[0070] By weight, 3 parts of chitosan and 65 parts of 0.3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution were stirred at 62°C for 1.5 h, and then 32 parts of 0.05 g / mL dicyandiamine aqueous solution were added. The temperature was raised to 93°C and stirred for 4.5 h. After cooling to 28°C, the mixture was precipitated with ice-cold anhydrous ethanol and centrifuged to obtain precipitate A.

[0071] 15 parts of the obtained precipitate A were dissolved in 58 parts of ultrapure water, and 25 parts of graphene oxide were added to form a dispersion. The mixture was heated to 90°C, sonicated for 50 minutes, filtered, and freeze-dried to obtain graphene oxide loaded with chitosan biguanide hydrochloride, i.e. modified graphene oxide.

[0072] At 40℃, 8 parts of geraniol were dissolved in 63 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for 22 min. Then, 25 parts of nano zinc oxide were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for another 27 min. After the treatment, the mixture was filtered and dried at 75℃ for 8 h to obtain modified nano zinc oxide.

[0073] Modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1 were ball-milled at 400 r / min for 4 h and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0074] Preparation steps of high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer materials:

[0075] S1. By weight, prepare 65 parts polylactic acid, 12 parts polyetheretherketone, 8 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 5 parts titanium dioxide, 2 parts low molecular weight polyethylene wax, 1.5 parts antioxidant 1010, 1.5 parts dioctyl phthalate, 4 parts antibacterial agent, 6 parts glass fiber and 2 parts maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene.

[0076] S2. After mixing the raw materials from step S1, mix them in a high-speed mixer at 1100 rpm for 25 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0077] S3. Add the mixture to a twin-screw extruder and obtain the shaped material through the extrusion process. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: Zone 1 175℃, Zone 2 195℃, Zone 3 208℃.

[0078] S4. After drying at 80℃ for 6 hours, the high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material is obtained.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The preparation process of modified diatomaceous earth is as follows:

[0081] Diatomaceous earth was calcined at 700℃ for 5 hours, then naturally cooled to room temperature, and then ball-milled at 400 r / min for 4 hours. The diatomaceous earth powder was obtained by passing it through a 200-mesh sieve, thus obtaining pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0082] Sodium p-aminobenzoate was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 25% solution by weight. 40 parts of pretreated diatomaceous earth were thoroughly mixed with 100 parts of the solution to form a suspension. The suspension was ultrasonically treated for 25 min, then stirred at 65°C for 4 h. After stirring, the suspension was heated to 100°C and kept at that temperature for 8 h to ensure the solid was completely dry. The completely dry solid was then mixed with a fluorinated surfactant at a mass ratio of 20:1 at 70°C and stirred for 1.5 h to obtain the modified diatomaceous earth.

[0083] The preparation process of the antibacterial agent is as follows:

[0084] By weight, 5 parts of chitosan and 70 parts of 0.3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution were stirred at 65°C for 2 hours, and then 35 parts of 0.05 g / mL dicyandiamine aqueous solution were added. The temperature was raised to 95°C and stirred for 5 hours. After cooling to 30°C, the mixture was precipitated with ice-cold anhydrous ethanol and centrifuged to obtain precipitate A.

[0085] 20 parts of the obtained precipitate A were dissolved in 65 parts of ultrapure water, and 30 parts of graphene oxide were added to form a dispersion. The mixture was heated to 100℃, ultrasonically treated for 60 min, filtered, and freeze-dried to obtain graphene oxide loaded with chitosan biguanide hydrochloride, i.e. modified graphene oxide.

[0086] At 45℃, 10 parts of geraniol were dissolved in 65 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for 25 min. Then, 30 parts of nano zinc oxide were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for another 30 min. After the treatment, the mixture was filtered and dried at 80℃ for 10 h to obtain modified nano zinc oxide.

[0087] Modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1 were ball-milled at 400 r / min for 5 h and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0088] Preparation steps of high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer materials:

[0089] S1. By weight, prepare 70 parts polylactic acid, 15 parts polyether ether ketone, 10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 6 parts titanium dioxide, 3 parts low molecular weight polyethylene wax, 2 parts antioxidant 1010, 2 parts dioctyl phthalate, 5 parts antibacterial agent, 8 parts glass fiber and 3 parts maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene.

[0090] S2. After mixing the raw materials from step S1, mix them in a high-speed mixer at 1500 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture;

[0091] S3. Add the mixture to a twin-screw extruder and obtain the shaped material through the extrusion process. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: Zone 1 180℃, Zone 2 200℃, Zone 3 210℃.

[0092] S4. After drying at 85℃ for 7 hours, the high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material is obtained.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the diatomaceous earth in Comparative Example 1 was not treated with sodium para-aminobenzoate, while the other operations were the same.

[0095] Comparative Example 2

[0096] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the diatomaceous earth in Comparative Example 2 was not treated with a fluorinated surfactant, while the other operations were the same.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the diatomaceous earth in Comparative Example 3 was not modified in any way, while the other operations were the same.

[0099] Comparative Example 4

[0100] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the graphene oxide in Comparative Example 4 was not modified, while the other operations were the same.

[0101] Comparative Example 5

[0102] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the nano zinc oxide in Comparative Example 5 was not modified, while the other operations were the same.

[0103] Comparative Example 6

[0104] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that neither graphene oxide nor nano zinc oxide was modified in Comparative Example 6, while the other operations were the same.

[0105] Performance testing:

[0106] 1. Antibacterial properties:

[0107] According to GB / T 31402-2015, the bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538P) are used as examples;

[0108] 2. Antiviral activity:

[0109] Detection method: ISO 21702:2019, using influenza A virus H1N1 (A / PR / 8 / 34) as the test virus and MDCK cells as the host for detection. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0110] Table 1

[0111]

[0112] 3. Detoxification:

[0113] Taking formaldehyde, a toxic substance, as an example, according to the testing standard QB / T 2761-2006, the formaldehyde removal rate (%) = (concentration value of blank test chamber - concentration value of sample test chamber) / concentration value of blank test chamber × 100%, with an action time of 24 hours. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0114] Table 2

[0115]

[0116] Based on the above data, it can be seen that the polymer material prepared by the present invention has excellent antibacterial properties. Through the detection of formaldehyde removal rate, it can be seen that the polymer material prepared by the present invention has a high formaldehyde removal rate and also has excellent antiviral activity, thus exhibiting excellent detoxification properties.

[0117] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 60-70 parts polylactic acid, 10-15 parts polyetheretherketone, 7-10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts dispersant, 1-2 parts antioxidant, 1-2 parts plasticizer, 3-5 parts antibacterial agent, 3-8 parts glass fiber, and 1-3 parts compatibilizer; wherein, polylactic acid is used as the base material of the polymer material, and polyetheretherketone is added to the polylactic acid base material; glass fiber is used to improve the mechanical properties and durability of polylactic acid; The preparation process of the modified diatomaceous earth is as follows: Diatomaceous earth is calcined at 600-700℃ for 3-5 hours, naturally cooled to room temperature, and then ball-milled at 400 r / min for 2-4 hours. After passing through a 200-mesh sieve, diatomaceous earth powder is obtained, which is pretreated diatomaceous earth. Sodium p-aminobenzoate was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 15-25%. 30-40 parts of pretreated diatomaceous earth were thoroughly mixed with 100 parts of the solution to form a suspension. The suspension was ultrasonically treated for 20-25 minutes, then stirred at 55-65℃ for 3-4 hours. After stirring, the suspension was heated to 100℃ and kept at that temperature for 5-8 hours to completely dry the solid. Then, at 65-70℃, the completely dried solid was mixed with a fluorinated surfactant at a mass ratio of 20:1 and stirred for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the modified diatomaceous earth. The preparation process of the antibacterial agent is as follows: By weight, 2-5 parts of chitosan and 60-70 parts of 0.3 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution were stirred at 60-65°C for 1-2 hours, and then 30-35 parts of dicyandiamine aqueous solution were added. The temperature was raised to 90-95°C and stirred for 4-5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to 25-30°C and precipitated with ice-cold anhydrous ethanol and centrifuged to obtain precipitate A. Dissolve 10-20 parts of the obtained precipitate A in 50-65 parts of ultrapure water, and add 20-30 parts of graphene oxide to form a dispersion. Heat the dispersion to 80-100℃, sonicate for 40-60 minutes, filter and freeze dry to obtain graphene oxide loaded with chitosan biguanide hydrochloride, i.e. modified graphene oxide. At 35-45℃, 5-10 parts of geraniol were dissolved in 60-65 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for 20-25 minutes. Then, 20-30 parts of nano zinc oxide were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated for another 25-30 minutes. After the treatment, the mixture was filtered and dried at 70-80℃ for 6-10 hours to obtain modified nano zinc oxide. Modified graphene oxide and modified nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 1:1 were ball-milled at 400 r / min for 3-5 h and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve to obtain the antibacterial agent.

2. The high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant is one or more of low molecular weight polyethylene wax, paraffin, and polyether.

3. The high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compatibilizer is one of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene and ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer.

4. The high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076, and antioxidant 168.

5. The high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer is one of dioctyl phthalate, polyethylene glycol, and polytetramethylene ether glycol.

6. The high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass concentration of the dicyandiamine aqueous solution is 0.05 g / mL.

7. A method for preparing a high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymeric material as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The preparation steps include the following: S1. By weight, prepare 60-70 parts polylactic acid, 10-15 parts polyetheretherketone, 7-10 parts modified diatomaceous earth, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 1-3 parts dispersant, 3-5 parts antibacterial agent, 3-8 parts glass fiber and 1-3 parts compatibilizer. S2. After mixing the raw materials from step S1, mix them in a high-speed mixer at 800~1500 rpm for 20~30 minutes to obtain a mixture; S3. Add the mixture to a twin-screw extruder and obtain the shaped material through the extrusion process. The temperature of each zone of the screw is: Zone 1 170~180℃, Zone 2 190~200℃, Zone 3 205~210℃. S4. After drying at a temperature of 75~85℃ for 4~7h, the high-performance antibacterial and detoxifying polymer material is obtained.

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