A nano material for cutting tools and its preparation method and product

Abstract

The invention provides a nano material for a cutting tool, a preparation method thereof and a product thereof, and relates to the technical field of metal materials. The nano material of the invention comprises components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of graphene, 10-25 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 10-20 parts of nano cobalt powder, 5-10 parts of lanthanum oxide, 10-20 parts of yttrium oxide, 20-35 parts of chromium carbide, 20-35 parts of ball milling regulator, 5-15 parts of iron powder, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.5-1.5 parts of boron powder; the average particle size of chromium carbide is 20-50nm. The invention disperses each component and then performs intermittent ball milling to obtain a nano material. The nano material is prepared by a method of gradient heating and gradient cooling by controlling the sintering temperature, heating rate and time, so that the internal structure of the cutting tool is more uniform and the mechanical properties are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and in particular relates to a nano material for cutting tools and a preparation method and product thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cemented carbide is an alloy material obtained by powder metallurgy process of hard compound of refractory metal and bonding metal. Cemented carbide is widely used in cutting processing of various metal materials, and is also suitable for coal mining, geological exploration, mining drill bits, cone drill teeth, drawing and stamping die machinery, chemical industry, petroleum, metallurgy, electronics and other fields. Cemented carbide has a wide range of applications in tool preparation, but traditional alloy tool materials have poor toughness, are prone to fracture or breakage, and have a short service life. This contradictory characteristic restricts the further application of alloy materials in the field of tools and seriously affects the accuracy of the cutter.

[0003] Based on this, in order to improve the fracture toughness of alloy tools, technicians often add materials with lubricating and buffering effects in the research of alloy tools. Chinese invention patent CN118621197A discloses a nanophase reinforced cemented carbide tool material and its preparation method and application, the raw materials include: tungsten carbide powder, titanium carbide powder, cobalt powder and nanocomposite powder; in the nanocomposite powder, aluminum nitride nanotubes help to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the material, and the introduction of aluminum oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide for coating helps to disperse the stress between the aluminum nitride nanotubes and the matrix of the cemented carbide material, and improve the fracture toughness of the cemented carbide material; the material after the aluminum oxide particles are worn can form a lubricating film on the surface of the material, play a buffering role, and further improve the wear resistance of the material; lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide can refine the grains, help to hinder the rapid movement of dislocations, synergistically toughen, improve the fracture toughness of the material, and balance the mechanical properties.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN110029261A discloses a method for preparing micro-nano cemented carbide tool materials. WC powder is prepared by carbon reduction method using nano tungsten trioxide (WO3) and carbon powder, and then solid solution powder is obtained by ball milling and spray drying with nano TiO2, WO3, MoO3, Ta2O5, V2O5 and carbon powder; finally, micro-nano WC-based cemented carbide is obtained by ball milling, spray drying, pressing and sintering. Compared with cemented carbide composite materials with traditional structures, this alloy material has finer particles and more uniform structure.

[0005] In addition, Chinese invention patent CN103586459A discloses a high-hardness and ultra-wear-resistant powder metallurgy tool. The invention adds a dispersed phase to evenly disperse the alloy powder, ensure the vertical and horizontal uniformity of the internal organizational structure of the product, increase wear resistance, and improve the service life of the product. The product of this invention has high hardness and wear resistance, high durability, and is not prone to breakage. The metallurgical cutting tool of the invention is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-72 parts of boron nitride, 1-2 parts of boron, 3-4 parts of aluminum, 9-12 parts of diamond powder, 20-21 parts of iron, 1-2 parts of cobalt, 4-5 parts of tungsten, 1-2 parts of graphene, 1-2 parts of Ta2O5, 2-3 parts of Mn2O3, 1-2 parts of calcium sulfide, 2-3 parts of zinc stearate and 2-3 parts of dispersed phase; the dispersed phase is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of iron powder, 1-2 parts of lead sulfate, 1-2 parts of ferric chloride, 2-3 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 5-6 parts of actinolite, 2-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of nano-silicon dioxide, 2-3 parts of carbon black and 1-2 parts of methyltriethoxysilane.

[0006] Chinese invention patent CN103242034A discloses a kitchen knife, which is formed by hot isostatic pressing. The knife includes a matrix phase and a toughening phase. The matrix material is Al2O3, the particle size of which is 100-200nm, and the mass percentage is 90%-95%. The toughening phase is nano-TiO2 and nano-MgO, and the particle size of nano-TiO2 and nano-MgO is 20-30nm, wherein the mass percentage of nano-TiO2 is 4-8%, and the mass percentage of nano-MgO is 1-2%. The kitchen knife uses alumina as the matrix and has high toughness and hardness.

[0007] Although the existing technology can improve the wear resistance and fracture toughness of tool materials, there are still problems such as the growth of metal material grains during the preparation process and the incompatibility of the various material components, which leads to the brittleness and poor toughness of the material. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the components and preparation methods of metal materials, especially nanomaterials, in order to obtain a material with a compact structure, mutual penetration and interaction of various components, high strength and toughness, and significantly improved mechanical properties; the prepared material is used in the preparation of tools to improve the wear resistance and cutting accuracy of the tools. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art and provides a nano material for cutting tools and a preparation method and product thereof. Graphene, nano magnesium oxide (MgO) powder, nano cobalt (Co) powder, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium carbide, ball milling regulator, iron (Fe) powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder interact with each other and are evenly dispersed to ensure the uniformity of the internal structure of the alloy material and the cutting tool; by controlling the particle size of each component and through the good interface particle size effect, the hardness of the cutting tool is improved, thereby improving the wear resistance, fracture toughness and bending strength.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] First, the present invention provides a nano material for a cutting tool, wherein the raw materials include components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of graphene, 10-25 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 10-20 parts of nano cobalt powder, 5-10 parts of lanthanum oxide, 10-20 parts of yttrium oxide, 20-35 parts of chromium carbide, 20-35 parts of ball milling regulator, 5-15 parts of iron powder, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.5-1.5 parts of boron powder;

[0011] The average particle size of the lanthanum oxide is 30-100 nm;

[0012] The average particle size of the yttrium oxide is 20-100 nm;

[0013] The average particle size of the chromium carbide is 20-50 nm.

[0014] Preferably, the raw materials of the nano material include the following components in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of graphene, 15-20 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 12-16 parts of nano cobalt powder, 7-9 parts of lanthanum oxide, 12-17 parts of yttrium oxide, 25-30 parts of chromium carbide, 25-30 parts of ball milling regulator, 8-12 parts of iron powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.8-1.2 parts of boron powder.

[0015] Further preferably, the raw materials of the nanomaterial include the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 15 parts of nano cobalt powder, 8 parts of lanthanum oxide, 15 parts of yttrium oxide, 28 parts of chromium carbide, 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder.

[0016] Preferably, the average particle size of the lanthanum oxide is 50-60 nm.

[0017] Preferably, the average particle size of the yttrium oxide is 50-60 nm.

[0018] Preferably, the average particle size of the chromium carbide is 30 nm.

[0019] Preferably, the average particle size of the nano magnesium oxide powder is 100-200 nm.

[0020] Further preferably, the average particle size of the nano magnesium oxide powder is 150 nm.

[0021] Preferably, the average particle size of the nano cobalt powder is 200-500 nm.

[0022] More preferably, the average particle size of the nano cobalt powder is 300-400 nm.

[0023] Preferably, the ball milling regulator comprises the following components: paraffin, stearic acid, sodium lauryl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0024] Further preferably, the ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of paraffin, 7-11 parts of stearic acid, 5-8 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate and 7-13 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0025] More preferably, the ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 10 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0026] Second, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned nanomaterial, comprising the steps of:

[0027] (1) mixing graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder with water, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for dispersion to obtain a dispersion;

[0028] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, and heating to 40-50° C. to obtain a mixture;

[0029] (3) The mixture is subjected to intermittent ball milling and dried to obtain nanomaterials;

[0030] In step (3), the intermittent ball milling treatment is specifically as follows: setting the ball milling speed to 400-600 r / min, and ball milling for 3-6 hours; then increasing the ball milling speed to 800-1200 r / min, and ball milling for 4-8 hours; the above intermittent ball milling treatment is repeated 2-5 times.

[0031] Preferably, in step (1), the dispersion is specifically carried out by ultrasonic treatment at 40-50° C. for 15-25 min to obtain a dispersion.

[0032] Further preferably, the dispersing is specifically performed by ultrasonic treatment at 45° C. for 20 min to obtain a dispersion.

[0033] Preferably, in step (1), the amount of water added is 20-30 times the mass of graphene.

[0034] Further preferably, the amount of water added is 26 times the mass of graphene.

[0035] Preferably, in step (2), in the ethanol solution containing paraffin and stearic acid, the volume concentration of ethanol is 50%-80%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:8-15 g / mL.

[0036] Further preferably, in step (2), in the ethanol solution containing paraffin and stearic acid, the volume concentration of ethanol is 70%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:10 g / mL.

[0037] Preferably, in step (2), the heating temperature is 45°C.

[0038] Preferably, in step (3), the rotation speed of the ball mill is 500 r / min, each ball milling treatment is for 6 hours, and is repeated 4 times.

[0039] Preferably, in step (3), the intermittent ball milling treatment is specifically as follows: setting the ball milling speed to 500 r / min and ball milling for 4 h; then increasing the ball milling speed to 1000 r / min and ball milling for 6 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment is repeated 3-4 times.

[0040] Thirdly, the present invention provides application of the above nanomaterials in the preparation of cutting tools.

[0041] Preferably, the knives are not limited to kitchen knives, industrial knives, woodworking knives, and beauty knives.

[0042] Fourthly, the present invention provides a cutting tool with high fracture toughness, high strength and high wear resistance, the components of which include the above-mentioned nanomaterials.

[0043] Fifth, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned cutting tool, comprising the steps of: heating the nanomaterial to 500-800°C at 3-5°C / min; then heating to 1100-1400°C at 10-20°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 1100-1400°C for 25-45min; then cooling to 800-900°C at 40-50°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 800-900°C for 10-20min; finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cutting tool.

[0044] Preferably, the method for preparing the cutting tool comprises the steps of: heating the nanomaterial to 700°C at 4°C / min; then heating to 1300°C at 15°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 1300°C for 35 minutes; then cooling to 800°C at 45°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 800°C for 15 minutes; and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the cutting tool.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. The present invention provides a nano material, which is prepared using ingredients such as graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium carbide, ball milling regulator, calcium sulfide and boron powder, so that the components are evenly dispersed, the uniformity of the internal structure of the alloy material and the tool is ensured, the wear resistance and hardness are increased, and the fracture phenomenon is not easy to occur.

[0047] 2. In the nanomaterial of the present invention, by controlling the particle size of each component and through good interface particle size effect, the surface hardness of the tool is improved, thereby improving the wear resistance, fracture toughness and bending strength.

[0048] 3. In the nanomaterial of the present invention, graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder and nano cobalt powder are used as main components, which help to increase the relative density of the material during the sintering process, and effectively inhibit the growth of grains during the sintering and cooling processes, thereby improving the hardness, bending strength, fracture toughness and wear resistance of the tool.

[0049] 4. The present invention uses sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as the main components of the ball milling regulator to inhibit the aggregation of the components during the ball milling process and improve the uniformity of the material; the rotation speed of the ball mill is controlled and an intermittent ball milling treatment method is adopted to grind and disperse the components evenly, thereby improving the interaction between the components and improving the toughness and hardness of the tool.

[0050] 5. The present invention controls the sintering temperature, heating rate and time, and adopts the method of gradient heating and gradient cooling to prepare the tool, so that the internal structure of the tool material is more uniform, the structural quality is good, the grains are fine, and the toughness is high; and the material has high mechanical properties without changing the material composition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following non-limiting examples can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. The following content is merely an exemplary description of the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention based on the disclosed content, which should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0052] When the embodiments give numerical ranges, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0053] The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples. The various chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial channels unless otherwise specified. Products from different manufacturers have no significant effect on the effects.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A nano material for cutting tools, comprising, by weight: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 15 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 15 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 28 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0056] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 10 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0057] The preparation method of nanomaterials is:

[0058] (1) Graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder were mixed with water, sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone were added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 45°C for 20 minutes to obtain a dispersion; the amount of water added was 26 times the mass of graphene;

[0059] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, heating to 45° C. and mixing evenly to obtain a mixture; wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid is 70%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin wax and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:10 g / mL;

[0060] (3) The mixture was subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment: the ball milling speed was set to 500 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 4 h; then the ball milling speed was increased to 1000 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 6 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment was repeated 3 times; and the mixture was dried at below 70° C. to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0061] The obtained nanomaterial is used to prepare a cutting tool, and the preparation method is as follows: the nanomaterial is heated to 700°C at 4°C / min; then heated to 1300°C at 15°C / min, and kept at 1300°C for 35 minutes; then cooled to 800°C at 45°C / min, and kept at 800°C for 15 minutes; and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a cutting tool.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Different from Example 1, the composition ratio of the nanomaterials is different, specifically: 65 parts of graphene, 15 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 12 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 7 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 12 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 25 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 25 parts of ball milling regulator, 8 parts of iron powder, 1.5 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.8 parts of boron powder;

[0064] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components by weight: 1 part of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 10 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0065] The preparation method of the nano material and the preparation method of the cutting tool are the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Different from Example 1, the composition ratio of the nanomaterials is different, specifically: 75 parts of graphene, 20 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 16 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 9 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 17 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 30 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 30 parts of ball milling regulator, 12 parts of iron powder, 2.5 parts of calcium sulfide and 1.2 parts of boron powder;

[0068] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 8 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 12 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0069] The preparation method of the nano material and the preparation method of the cutting tool are the same as those in Example 1.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] Different from Example 1, the average particle size of each component in the nanomaterial is different, specifically: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 100nm), 15 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 200nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 60nm), 15 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 60nm), 28 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 50nm), 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0072] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 10 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0073] The preparation method of the nano material and the preparation method of the cutting tool are the same as those in Example 1.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] Different from Example 1, the average particle size of each component in the nanomaterial is different, specifically: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 200nm), 15 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 500nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 100nm), 15 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 100nm), 28 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 20nm), 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0076] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, 6 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 10 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0077] The preparation method of the nano material and the preparation method of the cutting tool are the same as those in Example 1.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] A nano material for cutting tools, comprising, by weight: 60 parts of graphene, 10 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 10 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 5 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 10 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 20 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 20 parts of ball milling regulator, 5 parts of iron powder, 1 part of calcium sulfide and 0.5 parts of boron powder;

[0080] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of paraffin, 7 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 7 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0081] The preparation method of nanomaterials is:

[0082] (1) Graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder were mixed with water, sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone were added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 40° C. for 25 min to obtain a dispersion; the amount of water added was 20 times the mass of graphene;

[0083] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, heating to 40° C. and mixing evenly to obtain a mixture; wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid is 80%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin wax and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:8 g / mL;

[0084] (3) The mixture was subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment: the ball milling speed was set to 400 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 6 h; then the ball milling speed was increased to 1200 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 4 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment was repeated twice; and the mixture was dried at below 70° C. to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0085] The preparation method of the cutting tool is the same as that of Example 1.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] A nano material for cutting tools, comprising, by weight: 80 parts of graphene, 25 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 20 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 10 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 20 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 35 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 35 parts of ball milling regulator, 15 parts of iron powder, 3 parts of calcium sulfide and 1.5 parts of boron powder;

[0088] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of paraffin, 11 parts of stearic acid, 8 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 13 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0089] The preparation method of nanomaterials is:

[0090] (1) Graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder were mixed with water, sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone were added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 50° C. for 15 min to obtain a dispersion; the amount of water added was 30 times the mass of graphene;

[0091] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, heating to 50° C. and mixing evenly to obtain a mixture; wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid is 50%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin wax and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:15 g / mL;

[0092] (3) The mixture was subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment: the ball milling speed was set to 600 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 3 h; then the ball milling speed was increased to 800 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 8 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment was repeated 4 times; and the mixture was dried at below 70° C. to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0093] The preparation method of the cutting tool is the same as that of Example 1.

[0094] Example 8

[0095] Different from Example 1, the preparation method of the cutting tool is different, specifically: the nanomaterial is heated to 500°C at 3°C / min; then heated to 1400°C at 20°C / min, and kept at 1400°C for 25 minutes; then cooled to 800°C at 40°C / min, and kept at 800°C for 10 minutes; and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the cutting tool.

[0096] Example 9

[0097] Different from Example 1, the preparation method of the cutting tool is different, specifically: the nanomaterial is heated to 800°C at 5°C / min; then heated to 1100°C at 10°C / min, and kept at 1100°C for 45 minutes; then cooled to 900°C at 50°C / min, and kept at 900°C for 20 minutes; and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain the cutting tool.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] The difference from Example 1 is that the graphene is replaced by Al2O3 powder. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 2

[0101] The difference from Example 1 is that the nano magnesium oxide powder is replaced by nano Ni powder with an average particle size of 150 nm. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0102] Comparative Example 3

[0103] The difference from Example 1 is that chromium carbide is replaced by vanadium carbide, and the average particle size of the vanadium carbide is 30 nm. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 4

[0105] The difference from Example 1 is that the average particle size of the chromium carbide is 200 nm. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0106] Comparative Example 5

[0107] Different from Example 1, the ball milling regulator does not contain sodium lauryl sulfate. Specifically:

[0108] A nano material for cutting tools, comprising, by weight: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 15 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 15 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 28 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0109] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, and 16 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0110] The preparation method of nanomaterials is:

[0111] (1) Graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder were mixed with water, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 45°C for 20 minutes to obtain a dispersion; the amount of water added was 26 times the mass of graphene;

[0112] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, heating to 45° C. and mixing evenly to obtain a mixture; wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid is 70%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin wax and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:10 g / mL;

[0113] (3) The mixture was subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment: the ball milling speed was set to 500 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 4 h; then the ball milling speed was increased to 1000 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 6 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment was repeated 3 times; and the mixture was dried at below 70° C. to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0114] The preparation method of the cutting tool is the same as that of Example 1.

[0115] Comparative Example 6

[0116] Different from Example 1, the ball milling regulator does not contain N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Specifically:

[0117] A nano material for cutting tools, comprising, by weight: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150 nm), 15 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300 nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 15 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50 nm), 28 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30 nm), 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0118] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of paraffin, 8 parts of stearic acid, and 16 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate.

[0119] The preparation method of nanomaterials is:

[0120] (1) Graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder were mixed with water, sodium dodecyl sulfate was added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed at 45°C for 20 minutes to obtain a dispersion; the amount of water added was 26 times the mass of graphene;

[0121] (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, heating to 45° C. and mixing evenly to obtain a mixture; wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid is 70%; and the solid-liquid ratio of the total mass of paraffin wax and stearic acid to ethanol is 1:10 g / mL;

[0122] (3) The mixture was subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment: the ball milling speed was set to 500 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 4 h; then the ball milling speed was increased to 1000 r / min and the ball milling treatment was performed for 6 h; the above intermittent ball milling treatment was repeated 3 times; and the mixture was dried at below 70° C. to obtain a nanomaterial.

[0123] The preparation method of the cutting tool is the same as that of Example 1.

[0124] Comparative Example 7

[0125] Different from Example 1, the proportions of the components of the nanomaterials are different, specifically: 50 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder (average particle size 150nm), 35 parts of nano cobalt powder (average particle size 300nm), 8 parts of lanthanum oxide (average particle size 50nm), 8 parts of yttrium oxide (average particle size 50nm), 40 parts of chromium carbide (average particle size 30nm), 10 parts of ball milling regulator, 21 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder;

[0126] The ball milling regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.8 parts of paraffin, 3.1 parts of stearic acid, 2.3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 3.8 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.

[0127] The preparation method of the nano material and the preparation method of the cutting tool are the same as those in Example 1.

[0128] Comparative Example 8

[0129] The difference from Example 1 is that the preparation method of the nanomaterial is different, specifically the ball milling treatment in step (3) is different:

[0130] Step (1) to step (2) are the same as in Example 1;

[0131] Step (3), ball milling the mixture: setting the ball milling speed to 500 r / min, continuously ball milling for 30 h, and drying below 70° C. to obtain nanomaterials.

[0132] The rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0133] Comparative Example 9

[0134] Different from Example 1, the preparation method of the cutting tool is different, specifically: the nanomaterial is heated to 1200°C at a rate of 5°C / min and kept warm for 30 minutes; heated to 1420°C at a rate of 5°C / min and kept warm for 20 minutes; then cooled to 800°C at a rate of 3°C / min; finally, naturally cooled to obtain the cutting tool.

[0135] The rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0136] Performance Testing

[0137] Performance tests were performed on the cutting tools of Example 1 to Example 9 and Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 9. The cutting tools were processed into different specimens suitable for testing according to corresponding testing standards.

[0138] Refer to GB / T4340.1-2009 to test the Vickers hardness of different samples.

[0139] Detect the wear resistance of different samples: The friction and wear test was carried out using a ball-disc method with a loading force of 100N, a rotation speed of 100r / min, a time of 45min, and the wear volume was recorded.

[0140] The fracture toughness of different samples was tested with reference to GB / T 23806-2009.

[0141] The bending strength was tested with reference to GB / T 3851-2015 “Determination method for transverse fracture strength of cemented carbide”.

[0142] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0143] Table 1

[0144]

[0145] In Table 1, the comparative examples are compared with the embodiments. # P<0.05, ## P<0.01.

[0146] As can be seen from Table 1, Comparative Example 1 uses Al2O3 to replace graphene, which has little effect on the hardness, wear and bending strength of the tool, but significantly reduces the fracture toughness of the tool; Comparative Example 2-Comparative Example 3, when changing the components of the nanomaterials, replacing nano magnesium oxide with nano metal nickel (Ni) powder, or replacing chromium carbide with vanadium carbide, or when the ball milling regulator components of Comparative Example 5-Comparative Example 6 are only 3, the hardness, wear, fracture toughness and bending strength of the tool are significantly affected; Comparative Example 4 changes the average particle size of chromium carbide, affects the interaction between the components, and thereby reduces the fracture toughness and bending strength of the tool and increases the wear; The results of Comparative Examples 7-9 show that the component ratio of the nanomaterial, the preparation method, and the preparation method of the tool have a significant effect on the hardness, fracture toughness, wear and bending strength of the tool.

[0147] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tool with high fracture toughness, high strength and high wear resistance, characterized in that: The invention is composed of nano materials; the raw materials of the nano materials are as follows: 60-80 parts of graphene, 10-25 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 10-20 parts of nano cobalt powder, 5-10 parts of lanthanum oxide, 10-20 parts of yttrium oxide, 20-35 parts of chromium carbide, 20-35 parts of ball milling regulator, 5-15 parts of iron powder, 1-3 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.5-1.5 parts of boron powder in parts by weight; The average particle size of the lanthanum oxide is 30-100 nm; The average particle size of the yttrium oxide is 20-100 nm; The average particle size of the chromium carbide is 20-50 nm; The ball milling regulator comprises, by weight: 1-3 parts of paraffin wax, 7-11 parts of stearic acid, 5-8 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate and 7-13 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; The preparation method of the nanomaterial comprises: (1) mixing graphene, nano magnesium oxide powder, nano cobalt powder, iron powder, calcium sulfide and boron powder with water, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for dispersion, and obtaining a dispersion; (2) mixing the dispersion with lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and chromium carbide, adding an ethanol solution containing paraffin wax and stearic acid, and heating to 40-50° C. to obtain a mixture; (3) The mixture is subjected to intermittent ball milling treatment, the ball milling speed is set to 400-600 r / min, and the ball milling treatment is carried out for 3-6 hours; then the ball milling speed is increased to 800-1200 r / min, and the ball milling treatment is carried out for 4-8 hours; the above intermittent ball milling treatment is repeated 2-5 times, and the mixture is dried to obtain a nanomaterial; The preparation method of the cutting tool is as follows: the nano material is heated to 500-800°C at 3-5°C / min; then the temperature is raised to 1100-1400°C at 10-20°C / min, and the temperature is kept at 1100-1400°C for 25-45min; then the temperature is lowered to 800-900°C at 40-50°C / min, and the temperature is kept at 800-900°C for 10-20min; finally the temperature is naturally lowered to room temperature to obtain the cutting tool.

2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The raw materials, measured in parts by weight, are: 65-75 parts of graphene, 15-20 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 12-16 parts of nano cobalt powder, 7-9 parts of lanthanum oxide, 12-17 parts of yttrium oxide, 25-30 parts of chromium carbide, 25-30 parts of ball milling regulator, 8-12 parts of iron powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of calcium sulfide and 0.8-1.2 parts of boron powder.

3. The cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein the raw materials are, by weight: 70 parts of graphene, 16 parts of nano magnesium oxide powder, 15 parts of nano cobalt powder, 8 parts of lanthanum oxide, 15 parts of yttrium oxide, 28 parts of chromium carbide, 26 parts of ball milling regulator, 10 parts of iron powder, 2 parts of calcium sulfide and 1 part of boron powder.

4. The tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The average particle size of the lanthanum oxide is 50-60nm; the average particle size of the yttrium oxide is 50-60nm; the average particle size of the chromium carbide is 30nm; the average particle size of the nano magnesium oxide powder is 100-200nm; and the average particle size of the nano cobalt powder is 200-500nm.

5. The method for preparing a cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: heating the nano material to 500-800°C at 3-5°C / min; heating the nano material to 1100-1400°C at 10-20°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 1100-1400°C for 25-45min; cooling the nano material to 800-900°C at 40-50°C / min, and keeping the temperature at 800-900°C for 10-20min; and cooling the nano material to room temperature naturally to obtain a cutting tool.

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