Drilling inclination monitoring device and monitoring method for impact construction of super-long pile

Abstract

The invention provides a drilling inclination monitoring device and monitoring method for impact construction of a super-long pile, and belongs to the technical field of bridge construction. According to the invention, the inclination judgment of the drill hole is converted into the inclination judgment of the lifting rope, the orthographic projections of the light paths of the plurality of groups of photoelectric monitors to the horizontal plane are matched to define the regular polygon area, and the boundary of the regular polygon area is used as a basis for judging whether the inclination of the lifting rope reaches a design threshold value or not; the inclination of the drill hole is monitored, a light path used for detection is of an entity-free virtual structure, the movement of a lifting rope and a drill bit cannot be interfered, and the requirement for the use scene that the drill bit is lifted repeatedly can be met; an acceleration sensor is further arranged on the percussion drill and used for eliminating misjudgment caused by loosening of the lifting rope, and the judgment accuracy is improved; the two monitoring devices are matched with each other, so that all-weather automatic guarding is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and in particular relates to a drilling inclination monitoring device and a monitoring method for ultra-long pile impact construction. Background Art

[0002] In the process of bridge construction, bored pile technology is a common construction technology, and the commonly used method is impact drilling, which has the advantages of simple process, reliable equipment, and low construction cost. However, for super-long piles, as the drilling depth increases, the drilling hole may tilt due to changes in the stratum or construction technology, affecting the verticality of the pile foundation, so it is necessary to monitor the inclination of the drilling hole.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent with publication number CN111878065A discloses a device and method for monitoring the center deviation of pile foundation during the construction of impact drill bored cast-in-place piles. Four guard piles and a positioning ring are used to monitor the center deviation of pile foundation during construction. The specific scheme is as follows: the four guard piles are distributed in the four directions of front, back, left, and right of the bored piles, and the four guard piles are at the same distance from the center of the bored pile; the positioning ring is located at the center of the bored pile, and the four directions of the front, back, left, and right of a positioning ring are connected to the guard piles in the corresponding directions by pull ropes. The pull ropes are tightened to suspend the positioning ring and then the steel wire rope of the impact drill is passed through the above-mentioned positioning ring for construction. When the steel wire rope touches the positioning ring during construction, it indicates that the pile foundation has tilted and the process needs to be adjusted. In the prior art, the positioning ring needs to be deployed as close to the borehole as possible. During the construction process, the drill bit needs to be frequently lifted out of the borehole. The presence of the pull rope and the positioning ring will affect the lifting of the drill bit. The pull rope and the positioning ring need to be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, which is cumbersome. In addition, whether the wire rope of the impact drill collides with the positioning ring needs to be manually visually inspected, which has low accuracy. Furthermore, uninterrupted manual supervision is required during the monitoring process.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a drilling inclination monitoring device and a monitoring method for ultra-long pile impact construction to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a drilling inclination monitoring device and monitoring method for ultra-long pile impact construction, which uses a photoelectric monitor to detect whether the inclination of the borehole reaches the design threshold. The optical path used for the detection is a virtual structure without an entity, which will not interfere with the movement of the suspension rope and the drill bit, and can meet the use scenario of repeated lifting of the drill bit; an acceleration sensor is also provided on the impact drill to eliminate the misjudgment caused by the slack of the suspension rope when the drill bit touches the bottom, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment. The two monitoring devices cooperate with each other to realize all-weather automated guarding, which can effectively solve at least one technical problem in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction, wherein the impact drill suspends the drill bit above the area to be drilled through a suspension rope, and the drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction comprises:

[0008] Photoelectric monitors, the number of which is set to be multiple groups, each group of which includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element that cooperate to form a light path, the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of photoelectric monitors onto the horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygonal area, the regular polygonal area is located above the area to be drilled, before impact drilling, the top end of the suspension rope is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill, and the bottom end passes through the center of the regular polygonal area and is connected to the drill bit, and during impact drilling, the photoelectric monitor detects in real time whether the suspension rope falls on the boundary of the regular polygonal area;

[0009] The acceleration sensor is installed on the impact drill and is used to detect in real time whether the drill bit of the impact drill touches the bottom and generate an acceleration signal.

[0010] As a preferred improvement, the distance d from the center to the boundary of the regular polygonal region is calculated by the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Wherein, H represents the distance from the regular polygon area to the bottom of the borehole; Δ represents the design threshold of the inclination of the suspension rope, and its value is equal to the design threshold Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole.

[0013] As a preferred improvement, the photoelectric monitor is a light-interruption sensor, which generates a sensing signal when the light path between the light emitting element and the light receiving element is interrupted.

[0014] As a preferred improvement, the light emitting element and the light receiving element are both located outside the regular polygonal area.

[0015] As a preferred improvement, the light path of each group of photoelectric detectors is located in a horizontal plane.

[0016] As a preferred improvement, the regular polygonal area is a square area, which is surrounded by the light paths of four groups of photoelectric monitors, two of which are arranged along the X direction, and two of which are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is perpendicular to the Y direction.

[0017] As a preferred improvement, it also includes a PLC controller and an alarm. The photoelectric monitor, acceleration sensor and alarm are all connected to the PLC controller. The photoelectric monitor and acceleration sensor send detection data to the PLC controller. The PLC controller processes the detection data and outputs a judgment result. If the judgment result is that the inclination of the borehole reaches the design threshold Δ0, the alarm is controlled to sound an alarm.

[0018] A monitoring method based on the above-mentioned drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step S1, assembling an impact drill, a hanging rope and an impact drill bit, lowering the impact drill bit until it touches the ground, deploying multiple groups of photoelectric monitors around the hanging rope, each group of photoelectric monitors comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element that cooperate to form a light path, the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of photoelectric monitors onto a horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygonal area, the regular polygonal area is located above the area to be drilled, and before impact drilling, the top end of the hanging rope is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill, and the bottom end passes through the center of the regular polygonal area and is connected to the drill bit;

[0020] Step S2, setting a design threshold value Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole, a design threshold value Δ of the inclination of the suspension rope = Δ0, calculating the distance from the center to the boundary of the regular polygonal area based on the position of the suspension rope and the design threshold value Δ of the inclination, and determining the installation positions of the light emitting element and the light receiving element based on this, and completing the installation of the light emitting element and the light receiving element;

[0021] Step S3, installing an acceleration sensor on the impact drill;

[0022] Step S4, during impact drilling, the photoelectric monitor and the acceleration sensor are started. If the photoelectric monitor does not detect that the suspension rope contacts the boundary of the regular polygon area, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole does not reach the design threshold value Δ0, and no alarm is issued; if the photoelectric monitor detects that the suspension rope contacts the boundary of the regular polygon area, a warning signal is generated, and the following determination is continued:

[0023] If the acceleration sensor detects an acceleration signal within the delay time Δt, it is determined that the warning signal is a false alarm caused by the drill bit touching the bottom and the suspension rope being too loose, and no alarm is issued;

[0024] If the acceleration sensor does not detect an acceleration signal within the delay time Δt, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole has reached the design threshold value Δ0, and an alarm is issued.

[0025] As a preferred improvement, the calculation formula of △t is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, k represents the coefficient; g represents the acceleration of gravity; l represents the free fall depth of the drill bit; △l represents the thickness of the sediment in the borehole, and the value range is 0.1 to 0.3 m;

[0028] in:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, m represents the mass of the drill bit; ρ represents the density of the mud in the borehole; C d represents the drill bit resistance coefficient; A represents the vertical projection area of ​​the drill bit.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] (1) The determination of the inclination of the borehole is converted into the determination of the inclination of the suspension rope. The regular polygonal area is formed by the regular projection of the light paths of multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors onto the horizontal plane. The boundary of the regular polygonal area is used as the basis for determining whether the inclination of the suspension rope reaches the designed threshold, thereby realizing the monitoring of the inclination of the borehole;

[0033] (2) The optical path between the light emitting element and the light receiving element is a virtual structure without a physical body, which will not interfere with the movement of the suspension rope and the drill bit, and can meet the use scenario of repeatedly lifting the drill bit;

[0034] (3) Intelligently controlling the plurality of groups of the photoelectric monitors through a PLC controller, so that the monitoring device can automatically monitor in real time for a long time without human supervision;

[0035] (4) An acceleration sensor is deployed on the impact drill to detect the bottoming acceleration signal of the drill bit of the impact drill to determine whether there is a misjudgment in the judgment result of the photoelectric monitor, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the impact hole forming process;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the inclination state of the drill hole in the impact drilling process;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure representing a regular polygonal region;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the optical paths of multiple groups of photoelectric monitors in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the light paths of multiple groups of photoelectric monitors in other embodiments;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the light paths of multiple groups of photoelectric detectors in other embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, during the impact hole construction process, the construction equipment used includes an impact drill 21, a lifting rope 22 and a drill bit 23. The impact drill 21 suspends the drill bit 23 above the area to be drilled by the lifting rope 22, and the drill bit 23 is lifted to a high position by the lifting rope 22. The impact kinetic energy generated by the free fall of the drill bit 23 is used to squeeze the soil layer or break the rock layer to form a borehole 24.

[0046] Under ideal working conditions, the drill bit 23 always moves in the vertical direction under the action of gravity, driving the suspension rope 22 to keep moving in the vertical direction, and the drill hole 24 formed by impact also extends in the vertical direction. However, in the actual construction process, due to the change of the stratum or the limitation of the construction process, the movement direction of the drill bit 23 will have a certain deviation, so that the drill hole 24 formed by impact will be tilted, and the quality of the drill hole 24 directly affects the verticality of the subsequent pile foundation. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the tilt of the drill hole 24 to ensure that its tilt can meet the requirements of the relevant design specifications.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, after the borehole 24 is partially formed, if it is tilted, it will affect the movement of the drill bit 23, causing the movement direction of the drill bit 23 to deviate from the vertical direction, and driving the movement direction of the suspension rope 22 to deviate from the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the inclination of the borehole 24 represents the deviation distance of the bottom end of the borehole 24 from the vertical direction, which belongs to the concept of length rather than the concept of angle; similarly, the inclination of the suspension rope 22 represents the deviation distance of the bottom end of the suspension rope 22 from the vertical direction. If the drill bit 23 is approximately regarded as a point, the inclination of the borehole 24 and the inclination of the suspension rope 22 can be regarded as equal, so the inclination of the borehole 24 can be characterized by monitoring the inclination of the suspension rope 22.

[0048] The "Highway Engineering Quality Inspection and Assessment Standard" (JTG F80-1-2017) defines the inclination of the borehole 24 as follows: borehole inclination ≤ 1% S, and ≤ 500 mm, where S represents the pile length. Therefore, according to the assessment standard, the design threshold Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole 24 can be determined, and then the design threshold Δ of the inclination of the suspension rope 22 can be obtained, Δ = Δ0.

[0049] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the present invention provides a drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction, including a photoelectric monitor 11, wherein the photoelectric monitor 11 is used to detect the inclination of the suspension rope 22 in real time and determine whether the inclination of the suspension rope 22 exceeds a design threshold value Δ.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the number of the photoelectric monitors 11 is set to multiple groups, and each group of the photoelectric monitors 11 includes a light emitting element 111 and a light receiving element 112 that cooperate to form a light path. The orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors 11 onto the horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygonal area 113. The photoelectric monitors 11 are light-interruption sensors, and a sensing signal is generated when the light path between the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 is interrupted.

[0051] Before impact drilling (initial state), the top end of the suspension rope 22 is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill 21 , and the bottom end passes through the inner center of the regular polygonal area 113 and is connected to the drill bit 23 .

[0052] During the impact process, if the movement direction of the suspension rope 22 is still in the vertical direction, the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 remains unchanged and is still the center of the regular polygonal area 113; if the movement direction of the suspension rope 22 is tilted to a certain extent, the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 will deviate from the initial state to a certain extent. The greater the deviation of the contact position, the greater the inclination of the suspension rope 22; the smaller the deviation of the contact position, the smaller the inclination of the suspension rope 22.

[0053] The boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal region 113 represents the maximum deviation set of the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal region 113. Therefore, the size of the regular polygonal region 113 can be designed so that the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal region 113 and the suspension rope 22 can cooperate to realize the determination function, and determine whether the inclination of the suspension rope 22 exceeds the design threshold value Δ (that is, whether the inclination of the borehole 24 exceeds the design threshold value).

[0054] When the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal region 113 falls exactly on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal region 113, according to the similar triangle theorem, the following equation exists:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, d represents the distance from the center of the regular polygon area 113 to the boundary 1130; H represents the distance from the regular polygon area 113 to the bottom end of the borehole 24; Δ represents the design threshold of the inclination of the suspension rope 22, and its value is equal to the design threshold Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole 24.

[0057] Transforming the above formula, we can get

[0058]

[0059] Through the above derivation process, the distance from the center of the regular polygonal area 113 to the boundary 1130 is determined, and combined with the position of the suspension rope 22 in the initial state, the position of the boundary 1130 can be determined.

[0060] When the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 falls on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113, it means that the inclination of the suspension rope 22 just reaches the design threshold value Δ; when the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 is located within the regular polygonal area 113, it means that the inclination of the suspension rope 22 does not reach the design threshold value Δ; when the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 is located outside the regular polygonal area 113, it means that the inclination of the suspension rope 22 has exceeded the design threshold value Δ.

[0061] The photoelectric monitor 11 is used to detect whether the suspension rope 22 falls on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113 to determine whether the inclination of the suspension rope 22 reaches or exceeds the design threshold value Δ. If so, an early warning signal is generated.

[0062] Theoretically, the boundary 1130 that limits the maximum deviation of the suspension rope 22 should be circular to ensure that a good judgment can be made in all directions. However, based on the principle of rectilinear propagation of light, multiple light paths cannot cooperate to form a circular boundary 1130, and in an actual construction environment, the monitoring device is only used as a rough judgment of whether the borehole 24 is tilted. The drill rod plumb line method or ultrasonic hole detection method is required to accurately measure the inclination of the borehole 24. Therefore, in the present invention, the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113 is used to approximately replace the circular boundary, which can also meet the monitoring needs of the actual construction process.

[0063] The judgment process is:

[0064] When the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 is within the range of the regular polygonal area 113, there is no obstruction on the straight path between the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112, and the light emitted by the light emitting element 111 is transmitted to the light receiving element 112 in a straight line, and a sensing signal is generated after being sensed by the light receiving element 112, and no warning signal is generated at this time; when the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the polygonal area 13 falls on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113, the straight path between the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 is blocked by the suspension rope 22, and the light emitted by the light emitting element 111 is blocked and cannot be transmitted to the light receiving element 112, and the light receiving element 112 cannot generate a sensing signal, and a warning signal is generated at this time. Therefore, by judging whether the sensing signal is continuously generated on the light receiving element 112, it can be used to judge whether the inclination of the suspension rope 22 exceeds the design threshold value Δ.

[0065] It should be noted that, when at a certain moment t0, the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 falls outside the regular polygonal area 113, although the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 does not fall on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113 at this time, an induction signal can still be generated. However, since the movement state of the suspension rope 22 remains continuous, there must be a moment before moment t0 when the contact position between the suspension rope 22 and the regular polygonal area 113 falls on the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113.

[0066] It is understandable that in the impact drilling process, the drill bit 23 needs to be lifted repeatedly, and the light path between the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 is a non-substantial virtual structure, which will not interfere with the movement of the suspension rope 22 and the drill bit 23, and can meet the use scenario of repeatedly lifting the drill bit 23.

[0067] Furthermore, the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 are both located outside the regular polygon area 113. By taking advantage of the long-distance transmission of light, the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 can be kept as far away from the drilling area as possible, which can prevent the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 from interfering with the movement of the suspension rope 22 and the drill bit 23 on the one hand; and on the other hand, it can also prevent the large vibration of the formation in the drilling area during the impact of the drill bit 23 from affecting the measurement stability of the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112.

[0068] The light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 are both fixed to the ground through a column 114. In order to effectively alleviate the ground vibration caused by the impact, an energy dissipation device can also be installed on the column 114. Conventional technology in the field can be used, such as installing a friction damper to dissipate the vibration energy through friction.

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the optical path of the photoelectric monitor 11 is directly located in the horizontal plane, and the regular polygonal area 113 is directly surrounded by the optical paths of multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors 11. The installation heights of the multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors 11 are equal, and the installation heights of the light emitting elements 111 and the light receiving elements 112 in each group of the photoelectric monitors 11 are equal, and the light emitted by the light emitting element 111 is transmitted to the light receiving element 112 in a straight line in the horizontal direction.

[0070] In other embodiments, the light paths of each group of photoelectric detectors 11 may be located in different planes, and may or may not intersect, as long as the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of photoelectric detectors 11 on the horizontal plane form a regular polygonal area 113. For example. Figure 6 The light paths of each group of the photoelectric detectors 11 extend and intersect in different planes; Figure 7 The light paths of each group of the photoelectric detectors 11 extend in different planes and do not intersect each other. The different installation methods of the photoelectric detectors 11 can well adapt to the environment of different construction sites.

[0071] Please refer again Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the regular polygonal area 113 is a square area, which is surrounded by the light paths of four groups of photoelectric monitors 11, two groups of photoelectric monitors 11 are arranged along the X direction, and two groups of photoelectric monitors 11 are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is perpendicular to the Y direction. In other embodiments, the regular polygonal area 113 can also be a regular triangle area, a regular pentagon area, a regular hexagonal deformation area, etc.

[0072] When the drill bit 23 touches the bottom in the borehole 24, the suspension rope 22 will loosen due to over-release, and then produce lateral swing. When the suspension rope 22 swings to the boundary 1130 of the regular polygon area 113, it will also block the light path between the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 to generate a sensing signal. However, the sensing signal at this time cannot be used to characterize the tilt of the suspension rope 22, so it needs to be eliminated. In the scheme of the present invention, an acceleration sensor 12 is installed on the impact drill 21 to determine whether the drill bit 23 touches the bottom and causes a misjudgment. The principle is that when the drill bit 22 touches the bottom, the suspension rope 22 loosens, and the impact drill 21 produces a forward and backward pitching motion to form an acceleration signal. The acceleration sensor 12 captures the acceleration signal, indicating that the drill bit 23 touches the bottom.

[0073] Then the decision logic of the drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction provided by the present invention is:

[0074] If the photoelectric monitor 11 generates a warning signal, and after a time delay of t1, the acceleration sensor 12 does not detect an acceleration signal, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole 24 has reached the design threshold, and an alarm is issued; if the photoelectric monitor 11 detects an induction signal, but within time t1, the acceleration sensor 12 detects an induction signal, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole 24 has not reached the design threshold, and no alarm is issued; if the photoelectric monitor 11 does not generate a warning signal, it is also determined that the inclination of the borehole 24 has not reached the design threshold, and no alarm is issued.

[0075] The time t1 represents the time taken by the drill bit 23 to move from the height of the regular polygonal area 113 to the bottom of the borehole 24 , and can be determined through experiments or set based on empirical values.

[0076] The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction provided by the present invention also includes a PLC controller 13 and an alarm 14. The photoelectric monitor 11, the acceleration sensor 12 and the alarm 14 are all connected to the PLC controller 13. The photoelectric monitor 11 and the acceleration sensor 12 send detection data to the PLC controller 13. The PLC controller 13 processes the detection data and outputs a judgment result. If the judgment result is that the inclination of the borehole reaches the design threshold value Δ0, the alarm 14 is controlled to sound an alarm.

[0077] The present invention also provides a monitoring method based on the above-mentioned drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction, comprising the following steps:

[0078] Step S1, assembling the impact drill 21, the hanging rope 22 and the drill bit 23, lowering the drill bit 23 until it touches the ground, deploying multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors 11 around the hanging rope 22, each group of the photoelectric monitors 11 includes a light emitting element 111 and a light receiving element 112 that cooperate to form a light path, and the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of the photoelectric monitors 11 onto the horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygon area 113, and the regular polygon area 113 is located above the area to be drilled. Before the impact drilling, the top end of the hanging rope 22 is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill 21, and the bottom end passes through the inner center of the regular polygon area 113 and is connected to the drill bit 23;

[0079] Step S2, setting a design threshold Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole 24, a design threshold Δ of the inclination of the suspension rope 22 = Δ0, calculating the distance from the inner center of the regular polygonal area 113 to the boundary 1130 based on the position of the suspension rope 22 and the design threshold Δ of the inclination, and determining the installation positions of the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112 based on this, and completing the installation of the light emitting element 111 and the light receiving element 112;

[0080] Step S3, installing the acceleration sensor 12 on the impact drill 21;

[0081] Step S4, during impact drilling, the photoelectric monitor 11 and the acceleration sensor 12 are started. If the photoelectric monitor 11 does not detect that the suspension rope 22 contacts the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole 24 does not reach the design threshold value Δ0, and no alarm is issued. If the photoelectric monitor 11 detects that the suspension rope 22 contacts the boundary 1130 of the regular polygonal area 113, a warning signal is generated, and the following determination is continued:

[0082] If the acceleration sensor detects an acceleration signal within the delay time △t, it is determined that the early warning signal is a false alarm caused by the drill bit touching the bottom and the suspension rope being too loose, and no alarm is issued;

[0083] If the acceleration sensor does not detect an acceleration signal within the delay time Δt, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole has reached the design threshold value Δ0, and an alarm is issued.

[0084] The calculation formula of △t is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, k represents the coefficient; g represents the acceleration of gravity; l represents the free fall depth of the drill bit; △l represents the thickness of the sediment in the borehole, and the value range is 0.1 to 0.3 m;

[0087] in:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, m represents the mass of the drill bit; ρ represents the density of the mud in the borehole; C d represents the drill bit resistance coefficient; A represents the vertical projection area of ​​the drill bit.

[0090] Taking a certain actual construction scenario as an example, the mass of the drill bit is 20kN, the density of the mud in the borehole is 1.7g / cm3, the drill bit resistance coefficient is 1.3, the vertical projection area of ​​the drill bit is 7.065m2, the free fall depth of the drill bit is 3.0m, and the thickness of the sediment in the borehole is 0.1m. The calculation results show that Δt = 0.06s. After setting the value of Δt, real-time automatic monitoring of the borehole inclination can be achieved.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction, characterized in that: The impact drill suspends the drill bit above the area to be drilled by a hanging rope. The drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction includes: Photoelectric monitors, the number of which is set to be multiple groups, each group of which includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element that cooperate to form a light path, the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of photoelectric monitors onto the horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygonal area, the regular polygonal area is located above the area to be drilled, before impact drilling, the top end of the suspension rope is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill, and the bottom end passes through the center of the regular polygonal area and is connected to the drill bit, and during impact drilling, the photoelectric monitor detects in real time whether the suspension rope falls on the boundary of the regular polygonal area; The acceleration sensor is installed on the impact drill and is used to detect in real time whether the drill bit of the impact drill touches the bottom and generate an acceleration signal.

2. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance d from the center to the boundary of the regular polygon area is calculated by the following formula: Wherein, H represents the distance from the regular polygon area to the bottom of the borehole; Δ represents the design threshold of the inclination of the suspension rope, and its value is equal to the design threshold Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole.

3. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photoelectric monitor is a light-interruption sensor, which generates a sensing signal when the light path between the light emitting element and the light receiving element is interrupted.

4. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light emitting element and the light receiving element are both located outside the regular polygonal region.

5. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light path of each group of photoelectric detectors is located in a horizontal plane.

6. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The regular polygonal area is a square area, which is surrounded by the light paths of four groups of photoelectric monitors, two of which are arranged along the X direction, and two of which are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is perpendicular to the Y direction.

7. The drilling inclination monitoring device for super-long pile impact construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a PLC controller and an alarm. The photoelectric monitor, acceleration sensor and alarm are all connected to the PLC controller. The photoelectric monitor and acceleration sensor send detection data to the PLC controller. The PLC controller processes the detection data and outputs a judgment result. If the judgment result is that the inclination of the drill hole reaches the design threshold value Δ0, the alarm is controlled to sound an alarm.

8. A monitoring method for the drilling inclination monitoring device for ultra-long pile impact construction based on any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, assembling an impact drill, a hanging rope and an impact drill bit, lowering the impact drill bit until it touches the ground, deploying multiple groups of photoelectric monitors around the hanging rope, each group of photoelectric monitors comprising a light emitting element and a light receiving element that cooperate to form a light path, the orthographic projections of the light paths of the multiple groups of photoelectric monitors onto a horizontal plane cooperate to enclose a regular polygonal area, the regular polygonal area is located above the area to be drilled, and before impact drilling, the top end of the hanging rope is connected to the cantilever of the impact drill, and the bottom end passes through the center of the regular polygonal area and is connected to the drill bit; Step S2, setting a design threshold value Δ0 of the inclination of the borehole, a design threshold value Δ of the inclination of the suspension rope = Δ0, calculating the distance from the center to the boundary of the regular polygonal area based on the position of the suspension rope and the design threshold value Δ of the inclination, and determining the installation positions of the light emitting element and the light receiving element based on this, and completing the installation of the light emitting element and the light receiving element; Step S3, installing an acceleration sensor on the impact drill; Step S4, during impact drilling, the photoelectric monitor and the acceleration sensor are started. If the photoelectric monitor does not detect that the suspension rope contacts the boundary of the regular polygon area, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole does not reach the design threshold value Δ0, and no alarm is issued; if the photoelectric monitor detects that the suspension rope contacts the boundary of the regular polygon area, a warning signal is generated, and the following determination is continued: If the acceleration sensor detects an acceleration signal within the delay time Δt, it is determined that the warning signal is a false alarm caused by the drill bit touching the bottom and the suspension rope being too loose, and no alarm is issued; If the acceleration sensor does not detect an acceleration signal within the delay time Δt, it is determined that the inclination of the borehole has reached the design threshold value Δ0, and an alarm is issued.

9. The monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation formula of △t is as follows: In the formula, k represents the coefficient; g represents the acceleration of gravity; l represents the free fall depth of the drill bit; △l represents the thickness of the sediment in the borehole, and the value range is 0.1 to 0.3 m; in: In the formula, m represents the mass of the drill bit; ρ represents the density of the mud in the borehole; C d represents the drill bit resistance coefficient; A represents the vertical projection area of ​​the drill bit.

Images